chiic.
Vi^c danh gia hk du voi buoc "phan tich nhu eau" thucmg dugc mo ta la "tim ra
khoang each hay thiOu hut'" giua kha nang hien tai ciia can bp. cong chiic so voi yeu cau cong vice hien tai hoac tuong lai. Khoang each nay co th^ la su khac biet giua nhung gi to
nang dang co a hien tai'. Do do. trong b6i canh nay, TOA dugc hilu la "phan tfch khoane each".
Brinkerhoff. (1986) da chi ra nhung phucmg phap xac dinh nhu du ph6 bi^n nhu;
- Thuc hien cong viec: xac djnh thuc hien cong viec va thuc hien cong viec co hieu qua
- Dan chii: xac dinh nhu e4u theo y thich ciia nhan vien d6i voi chuong trinh dao tao
- Chuan doan: xac dinh cac ylu to va di^u kien tao ra va dam bao viec thuc hien cong viec hieu qua
- Phan tich khoang each: day la phuong phap moi va dugc cho la thich hgp voi xac dinh nhu cau dao tao.
Cac nhu cau dugc giai quyet tu khia canh phan tich va chuin doan la chii dong nho tap trung vao phong ngiia cac van de, cai thien vice thuc hien cong viec va nang cao nang suat. Tuy nhien. mot to chiic \ an c6 the xem xet ket hgp ap dung ca bon phuong phap tren khi tien hanh xay dung cac chuong trinh dao tao.
Viec danh gia nhu cau thuong dugc thuc hien qua ba cap dp. do la phan tich nhu cau to chiic. nhiem \u \'a cong \iee ca nhan. Vice phan tich to chiic xem xet to chiic nhu mot tong the va muc dich chii yeu ciia boat dong phan tich nay la nham xac dinh xem boat dong dao tao nao ciia to chiic nen co the dugc thuc hien. Viec phanlich nhiem \'u giiip xac dinh cac tieu chuan cong \'iec \a nang lire can thiet cho can bg. cong chiic de thuc hien cong viec ciia hg mot each day du. Viec phan tich ca nhan giiip tra loi cau hoi ai can dugc dao tao va loai hinh dao tao la gi? (Stone. 2000)."
Nhin chung. co nhieu phuong phap thu thap cae thong tin phuc \u danh gia nhu eau dao tao:
- Cac cugc phong v4n la mot phkn khong the thieu trong quy trinh danh gia nhu cau dao tao. Cac cugc phong vin co th^ cung dp thong tin phan hoi \e nhu cau dao tao giiip viec thi^t k6 va thuc hien diing din. Nghien eiiu da cho thay cac cugc phong van ca nhan
(bao gom cac eau hoi true tiep giua can bp phu trach nhan su va can bp. cong chiic co nhu
du nang cao nang luc) la phuong thiic hieu qua nhk dk thu thap cac thong tin phan hoi
phuc \u xay dung npi dung dao tao (Bloom. 1988):
- Cac cupe khao sat hoac cac bang hoi thuong dugc sir dung bao gom viec du thao mot danh sach cac nSng lire cdn thi^t de thuc hien cac cong vice cu the mot each hieu qua
' hTtp '"•^'^' ispi-ori: pdl'suuiiestedReading Miller Osinski.pdf
• va yeu cau cac nguoi tra loi xac dinh cac nang luc ma ho can dugc dao tao nang cao Hiu het cac to chuc thuong su dung cac nha tu ^in ben ngoai d^ thuc hien khao sat thai do va lira chgn ciia can bg de nhan dien nhu cSu dao tao;