- Hai GVday mdn Ngir van va 2 GVday mdn Lich sud cac ldp 8 va 9 tuong duong vl trinh do chuyen mdn (trinh do dao tao, ciing kit qua xep loa
nghie md tren.
2.5. Qui trinh thuc nghiem
D l tai thue nghiem tii- ngay 05-4-2008 din ngay 20- 5-2008.
De thuc thien qui trinh thuc nghiem nay ehiing tdi da thuc hien nhimg cdng viec sau:
2.5.1 . x a y dung he thdng cau hdi, bai tap de danh gia nhan thuc, hanh vi va ket qua ddi mdi day hgc ciia GV day mdn Ngir van, Lich su ldp 8,9 tai cac ldp ddi chiing va thuc nghiem
De danh gia nhan thiic, hanh vi ve ddi mdi day hgc ciing nhu ket qua ddi mdi day hgc cila GV day mdn Ngii van, Lich su ldp 8,9 tai cac ldp ddi chung va thuc nghiem ehiing tdi da xay dung cac miu phieu A], A2, Bi, B2,...). Trong do:
- Mau phieu Aj (dimg dl danh gia nhan thirc cua GV day mdn Ngir van ldp 8,9), A2 (diing de danh gia nhan thiic cila GV day mdn Lich su ldp 8,9) ve ddi mdi day hgc mdn hgc khi chua cd tac ddng va sau khi cd tac ddng cua cac bien phap thuc nghiem.
- Miu phieu B] (dimg de danh gia hanh vi cila GV day mdn Ngii van ldp 8,9), B2 (dung de danh gia hanh vi cila GV day mdn Lich su ldp 8,9) ddi vdi ddi mdi day hgc khi chua cd tac ddng va sau khi cd tac ddng cua cac bien phap thuc nghiem.
- Mau phieu Ci (diing de danh gia ket qua tiet day mdn NgQ' van ldp 8,9), C2 (diing de danh gia ket qua tiet day mdn Lich su ldp 8,9) cua GV khi chua cd tac ddng va sau khi cd tac ddng ciia cac bien phap thuc nghiem.
2.5.2. xay dung chuan va thang danh gia
2.5.2.1. Ddnh gid nhdn thicc ciia GV dgy mdn Ngir vdn, mdn Lich sir ldp 8,9 ve ddi mdi dgy hgc mdn hoc
De danh gia nhan thiic ciia GV day mdn Ngii van, mdn Lieh su ldp 8,9 ve ddi mdi day hgc mdn hgc, trudc het chiing tdi cham ket qua nhan thiie cila GV d mdi philu hdi A 1 , A 2 theo thang diem sd (thang diem 10). Chung tdi qui dinh: cau 1, cau 2, cau 5, cau 6, cau 7, cau 8, cau 9 dat tdi da 1 diem. Cau 3, cau 4 dat tdi da 1,5 diem.
Sau dd chiing tdi qui kit qua nhan thirc cua GV ldp 8,9 ddi vdi cac van de ve ddi mdi PPDH vl thang diem chii':
Tir 8 din 10 dilm: Dat dilm D Tir 7 din 7.9 dilm: Dat dilm C Tir 5 din 6.9 dilm: Dat dilm B Dudi 5 dilm: Dat diem A.
2.5.2.2. Ddnh gid hdnh vi ddi mdi dgy hoc cua GV dgy mdn Ngir vdn, mdn Lich sic ldp 8,9
De danh gia hanh vi ddi mdi day hgc mdn Ngii van, Lich su ldp 8,9 cua GV d ldp ddi chung va thuc nghiem chung tdi dua vao:
Ddu tu suphgm eiia GV cho tiit dgy, gdm cdc mirc do:
Dang A: giang day dai khai
Dang B: hgc thugc theo sach hudng din day diing theo sach giao khoa Dang C: thdng sudt ndi dung, tim kilm each day, chuin bi dd diing true
quan, cdt giiip HS hilu va bilt van dung kiln thirc trong nhimg tinh hudng quen thude.
Dang D: tim tu lieu sau sat HS day theo cac dac dilm chung va rieng cdt
dk khoi ggi, tim tdi de sang tao cila HS (sii dung cac PPDH dl phat huy tinh
tich cue, chil ddng ciia HS)
Viec lua chon vd van dung ndi dung, phuong phdp, phucrng tien, hinh thirc td chicc dgy hgc cua GVgdm cdc tieu chi:
+ Ve muc tieu: can dat dugc muc tieu ve cac mat kien thiic, ky nang va thai do. + Ve ndi dung:
• Bai day chgn diing theo tien trinh ciia chuong trinh day hgc. • Bao dam tinh chinh xac, he thdng, khoa hgc, co ban, trgng tam. • Cd tinh thuc hanh, ren ky nang cho HS
• Cd lien he thuc tiln.
+ Ve PPDH: GV day chii y su dung tdt cac PPDH dac trung ciia bd mdn. Ddi vdi bd mdn Ngir van, phan van ban, chii y phuong phap dgc dien cam, binh giang, neu van de...Vdi phan mdn Tieng Viet, su dung cac phuong phap giao tiep, ren luyen theo mau, phan tich ngdn ngii'. Vdi phan mdn TLV chu y cac PP thuc hanh cac ky nang tao lap van ban...
Ddi vdi bd mdn Lich su, chii trgng den cac PP khac ghi khai niem lich sir, PP ke chuyen lieh sii hay PP luyen tap.
Trong qua trinh thuc hien bai giang giao vien ket hgp cac phuong phap dac thii ndi tren ciia cac mdn hgc vdi cac phuong phap day hgc neu van de, giai quylt vin de, thao luan nhdm, trd choi, luyen tap, thuc hanh, bao cao... de phat huy tinh tich cue, chu ddng cila mdi hgc sinh trong gid hgc.
Y)k cd sir phdi hgp hieu qua giiia GV va HS trong gid day thuc nghiem,
GV chii y khau chuan bi bai mdi ciia HS trudc khi den ldp nhu cho cau hdi hudng din tu hgc, kiem tra viec chuan bi bai cila cac em theo dinh hudng ddi mdi PPDH.
+ v l phuong tien va dd dung day hgc: su dung dd dimg day hgc va cac phuong tien ky thuat phii hgp vdi ndi dung day hgc, phuong phap day hge. Cd su kit hgp nhip nhang giiia cac PPDH va cac dd diing day hgc, phuong tien day hoc...
+ Ve hinh thirc td chiic day hgc: van dung linh hoat, sang tao cac bude len ldp phii hgp vdi ndi dung va tinh chit cua bai hgc. Td chirc tdt cac hoat ddng day hge nhu td chuc cho hgc sinh lam viec ca nhan, nhdm, ldp...
- Ve kiem tra, danh gia: van dl KTDG cd anh hudng Idn den ndi dung, PPDH. Trong tilt day, GV chii y kilm tra viec chuin bi bai cua HS; kilm Ua mieng, theo ddi va danh gia cac hoat ddng day hgc, td chiic danh gia cudi tiet hgc.
Sau mdi tiet day d ldp ddi chiing va thuc nghiem se cd mot bai kiem tra 15 phiit danh cho HS de danh gia bude dau ket qua nhan thiic va ky nang van dung kien thiic da tilp thu dugc cila HS trong gid hgc.
+ Ve ket qua day hgc: HS nam dugc cac kien thiic va van dung dugc kien thiic do vao luyen tap, thuc hanh. Hgc sinh hung thii va yeu thich bd mdn.
Tuong ling vdi nhimg tieu chi nay chiing tdi xay dung mau phieu du gid. (dinh kem d phan phu luc)
- Ddnh gid viec van dung ndi dung, phuong phdp, phuong tien, hinh thicc
td chicc dgy hgc ciia GV trong cdc tiet dgy d ldp ddi chimg hoac thuc nghiem
Chiing tdi qui dinh:
Loai D: van dung ddng bd, d mile do thudng xuyen, hieu qua tat ca cac ylu to tren, dap img diing yeu cau ddi mdi day hgc mdn hgc (xep loai tdt)
Loai C: van dung ddng bd, d miic kha thudng xuyen, hieu qua tat ca cac yeu td tren theo hudng ddi mdi day hgc mdn hgc (xep loai kha)
Loai B: van dung chua ddng bd, d miic thinh thoang, kha hieu qua tat ca cac yeu td tren theo hudng ddi mdi day hgc mdn hgc (xep loai trung binh)
Loai A: van dung chua ddng bd, d miic rat it khi, it hieu qua tat ca cac yeu td tren theo hudng ddi mdi day hgc mdn hgc (xep loai yeu)
Viec lua chgn phucrng phdp kiem tra, ddnh gid cua GV, chiing tdi qui dinh:
Loai D: van dung da dang, linh boat, hieu qua cac phuong phap kiem tra, danh gia, dap ling diing yeu cau ddi mdi day hgc mdn hgc
Loai C: van dung hieu qua mot sd phuong phap kiem tra, danh gia, dap ung diing yeu ciu ddi mdi day hgc mdn hgc
Loai B: van dung tuong doi hieu qua mot sd phuong phap kiem tra, danh gia, dap ung diing yeu cau ddi mdi day hgc mdn hgc
Loai A: van dung chua hieu qua mot sd phuong phap kilm tra, danh gia, dap ling diing yeu ciu ddi mdi day hgc mdn hgc
Sau khi danh gia timg mat bilu hien hanh vi ddi mdi day hgc ciia GV day mdn Ngii van, Lich su ldp 8,9 tai ldp ddi chimg va thuc nghiem chung tdi tich hgp 3 mat bilu hien tren thanh hanh vi ddi mdi day hgc ciia tirng GV theo nguyen tac sau: nguyen tac sau:
- Loai nao ed tin sd xuit hien uu tien thi loai dd se dugc chgn khi xIp loai tdng hgp. Vi du: ABB - xep loai B.
- Chu y tinh bii trir khi xIp loai. Vi du: ABC - Xip loai B.
- Nlu cd sir chenh lech nhilu (2 bac) thi kit qua se d loai trung gian. Vi du: AAC - Xip loai B.
2.5.2.3. Ddnh gid kit qud tiit dgy: D I danh gia kit qua tilt day ciia GV tai cac
ldp ddi chiing va thuc nghiem, chiing tdi su dung philu danh gia tilt day mdn Ngii van, Lich su ldp 8,9 tai cac ldp ddi chung va thuc nghiem. Dilm trung binh cua mdi tilt day la trung binh cdng kit qua danh gia ciia cac giao vien CDSP tham gia du gid (bdn GV ddi vdi mdn Ngir van, hai GV ddi vdi mdn Lich su). Sau khi xep loai tiet day theo tieu chi dugc qui dinh tai philu danh gia tilt day, chiing tdi qui dinh:
Loai D: Dat miic xuat sac, gidi Loai C: Dat miic kha
Loai B: Dat miic trung binh kha, trung binh Loai A: Chua dat
2.5.2.4. Ddnh gid kit qud ddi mdi dgy hoc: De danh gia ket qua ddi mdi day
hgc cila timg GV tai ldp 8,9 ddi chiing va ldp thuc nghiem, chiing tdi tiep tuc tich hgp cac mat nhan thiic, hanh vi, ket qua day hgc ciia timg GV theo nguyen tac chung tdi da su dung d phan danh gia hanh vi ddi mdi day hgc cua GV ldp 8,9 d tren.
2.5.2.5. Ddi vdi hgc sinh: chiing tdi qui ket qua hgc tap cila HS thu dugc sau cac bai
kiem tra ve thang diem chir:
Tir 8 den 10 diem: Dat diem D Tir 7 din 7.9 dilm: Dat dilm C Tir 5 din 6.9 dilm: Dat dilm B Dudi 5 diem: Dat diem A.
5.3. Chgn tilt day thuc nghiem va tiet day ddi chimg
Chiing tdi chgn tilt day ddi chimg va thuc nghiem diing nhu chuong trinh day hgc va thdi khoa bilu ldp 8,9 hien hanh tai cac co sd thuc nghiem. Khdng gay xao dgng, khdng tao ra biln ddng tai cac trudng THCS khi tiln hanh thuc nghiem. Ching ban, tai trudng THCS Trung Vuong d Nha Trang, ldp thue nghiem Ngir van 9, cd Tdn NO- Hoang Lan day bai "Nhiing ngdi sao xa xdi" thi cung bai nay, cd Hoang Vy day d ldp ddi chung.
2.5.4. Tilp xiic va neu nhiem vu doi vdi cac khach thi tham gia thuc nghiem Tir ngay 05 din ngay 16 thang 4 nam 2008 chiing tdi da tilp xiic true tilp vdi CBQL, GV day mdn Ngir van, Lich sii d cac ldp 8,9 va HS ldp 8,9 dugc chgn thuc nghiem ciia cac co sd thuc nghiem. Sau khi trinh bay muc dich thuc
nghiem cila dk tai, hg da thiy dugc vi tri, tim quan trgng ciia viec ddi mdi dl
huan cho giao vien timg trudng thuc nghiem vl vin dl ddi mdi day hgc, ddi mdi phuong phap day hgc tren co sd ndi dung, muc tieu eiia mdn hgc, gid hgc.
Mot vin dl nira cung dugc Ban chil nhiem dl tai rit quan tam la sir nhan thirc day dil va sau sic cila cac thiy cd giao vl qua trinh ddi mdi day hgc. Dilu nay cung cin dugc trang bi ky cang. Khi cd nhan thirc diing, giao vien se thi hien dung trong cdng viec day hgc ciia minh. Tir khau chuin bi bai giang, diu tu
su pham cho gid hgc din timg khau thuc hien cac bude len ldp...
Cdn ddi vdi van de chuyen mdn cua timg tiet day thuc nghiem cu the chiing tdi cii- giao vien day phuong phap day hgc cila trudng CDSP true tilp se ggi y, giiip do v l phuong phap day hgc cu thi. Cd thi bing tilp xiic true tilp hoac qua dien thoai hoac qua thu dien tii. Tir dd, mdi thiy cd la khach thi thuc nghiem khdng chi nhan thuc diing din vl qua trinh thuc nghiem ma hgc edn dugc hd trg
vl chuyen mdn, vl kmh phi dk chuin bi tilt day cd hieu qua nhit.
2.5.5. Khao sat trinh do ban diu cua khach thi thuc nghiem
Diing theo ke hoach da dugc xay dimg, chiing tdi da tiln hanh khao sat trinh do ban dau cila GV day mdn Ngir van, Lich su d cac ldp 8,9 va HS ldp 8,9 cila cac CO sd thuc nghiem vl cac mat nhan thiic, hanh vi ddi vdi ddi mdi day hgc, ket qua day cua GV va kit qua hgc tap cua HS. Sau khi phdi hgp su dung cac phuong phap an ket va quan sat (qua du gid) (miu philu dugc trinh bay d phan phu luc) de khao sat thuc trang ddi mdi day hgc, kit qua day hgc cua GV va HS cac ldp 8,9 dugc chgn thuc nghiem, xu ly ket qua, chiing tdi thay:
2 5.5.1. Khdo sdt trinh do ban ddu cua G VNgit vdn dgy tgi ldp 8,9 ddi chung vd thuc nghiem
Ddi vdi G VNgit vdn dgy tgi ldp 8,9 ddi chung.
Bang III.l: Ket qua khao sat trinh do ban dau cua GV day mdn Ngu* van Idp 8,9 ddi vd'i viec ddi mdi day hoc tai Idp ddi chirng
Cac mat Nhan thiic Hanh vi K^t qua DH Tong hap Loai D SL 0 0 0 0 TL % 0 0 0 0 Loai C SL 3 11 13 11 TL % 21.4 78.6 92.9 78.6 Loai B SL 9 2 1 2 TL % 64.3 14.3 7.1 14.3 Loai A SL 2 1 0 1 TL % 14.3 7.1 0 7.1 TONG CONG SL 14 14 14 14 TL % 100 100 100 100 TSD 29 38 41 38 DTB 2.1 2.7 2.9 2.7 TB 3 2 1
Kit qua thu dugc tai bang tren cho thiy:
- Khdng cd GV nao dat trinh do gidi (Loai D); 78,6 % GV dat trinh do kha (loai C); 14,3 % GV dat trinh do tmng binh (Loai B); 7,1 % GV dat trinh do ylu (Loai A).
Ap dung each tinh DTB cua nha Tam ly hgc Dire Bloom, chimg tdi qui dinh: GV dat trinh do loai D dugc tinh 4 dilm, GV dat trinh do loai C dugc tinh 3 diem, GV dat trinh do loai B dugc tinh 2 dilm, GV dat trinh do loai A dugc tinh 1 diem. Tinh DTB va so sanh cac mat bilu hien trinh do ddi vdi ddi mdi day hgc cua GV Ngir van day tai ldp 8,9 ddi chimg chung tdi thu dugc kit qua: trong 3 mat nhan thuc, hanh vi, kit qua day hgc cila GV day mdn Ngir van tai ldp 8,9 ddi chung, mat nhan thiic dat kit qua thip nhit (DTB: 2.1), cao nhit la kit qua day hgc (DTB: 2.9). Cd sir khac biet giira cac mat nay hay khdng?
So sanh bang phuong phap kilm dinh tieu chuin x^ chiing tdi thiy: Cd
sir khac biet giua mat nhan thuc vdi mat hanh vi ( j ' = 31.3 > 9.19 (P = 0,05) [Phu luc - Phan bang dii lieu], cd su khac biet giira mat nhan thiic vdi ket qua day hgc ( j ' = 72.2 > 9.19 (P = 0,05) [Phu luc - Phin bang dii lieu]. Giira mat
hanh vi va kit qua khdng cd sir khac biet {x" = 6.69 < 9.19 (P = 0,05) (Bang 42.
Phu luc, trang 32). Nhu vay, ddi vdi GV Ngir van day tai ldp 8,9 ddi chung cd sir khac biet giira nhan thirc vdi hanh vi va ket qua day hgc. Song nhan thirc cua hg cd anh hudng den hanh vi, ket qua day hgc khdng?
Su dung he sd tuong quan Pearson de nghien ciin mdi tuong quan giira cac mat nhan thiic, hanh vi ddi vdi ddi mdi day hgc, ket qua day hgc cila GV Ngii van day tai ldp 8,9 ddi chimg, chiing tdi thu dugc ket qua nhu sau: giiia mat nhan thiic va hanh vi ddi vdi ddi mdi day hgc cd rp ~ 0.4. Giiia mat nhan thuc ve ddi mdi day hgc va ket qua day hgc cd rp « 0.4, chiing td giira mat nhan thuc va hanh vi, nhan thiic va ket qua day hgc cd mdi tuong quan tam dugc [36]. Giua
mat hanh vi va ket qua day hgc cd mdi tuong quan rat chat (rp ^ 0.99) [36].
Nhu vay, tuy cd su khac biet song giiia mat nhan thuc cua GV cd tuong quan vdi cac mat cdn lai. Song day la mdi tuong quan thuan, ddng bien hay nghich bien?
Giua mat nhdn thicc vd hdnh vi Neu ggi Xi la bien bieu hien mat nhan thirc, yi
la biln bilu hien mat hanh vi ciia GV Ngir van day tai ldp 8,9 ddi chiing thi phuong trinh dudng hdi qui myln tinh thuc nghiem cila yi ddi vdi Xi la: yi = 0.33x] + 1.41. Dudng hdi qui tuyin tinh thuc nghiem cua yi ddi vdi Xi dugc bilu dien nhu sau:
Dd thj III.l: Bleu diln mdi tu-ong quan giiia mat nhan thiic va hanh vi cua GV Ngii- van day tai ldp 8,9 doi chirng
Dd thi tren chimg td giiia mat nhan thiic va hanh vi cua GV Ngir van day tai ldp 8,9 ddi chung la mdi tuong quan thuan, ciing chieu. Dieu dd cd nghia khi mat nhan thiic thay ddi thi mat hanh vi ciing thay ddi ciing chieu va ngugc lai.