Ebook luật điều ước quốc tế phần 2

CHlfONG TV THirC HIEN DIEU iTdC QUOC TE THI HANH DIEU \S6c QUOC TE GIAI THICH DIEU \S6c QUOC TE BO SUNG VA Sl/A DOI DIEU UCJC QUOC TE Thi hanh dieu u-dc quoc te Giai doan thyc hien dieu udc qudc te dugc bit dau sau dieu udc cd hieu luc Ddi khi, dieu udc qudc te cd the dugc ap dyng trudc nd cd hieu lyc Trudng hgp dugc ggi la ap dyng tam thdi dieu udc qudc te Dieu 25 Cdng udc Vienna nam 1969 quy djnh rang, dieu udc qudc te hoac mpt phan cua dieu udc qudc te dugc ap dyng tcun thdi trudc dieu udc dd cd hipu lyc neu: dieu dd dugc quy djnh dieu udc qudc te boic cac qudc gia tham gia dam phan da thda thuan vdi ve dieu bing mpt each khac nao dd Dilu udc quoc te bit dau cd hipu luc cd nghia la dilu udc quAc te dd da chinh thirc rang budc phap ly ddi vdi cac vien cua nd va neu cac vien cua dieu udc qudc te vi pham 139 cac dieu khoan ciia dieu udc dd se gay nhimg hau qua plap ly qudc te nhat dinh O tren, chiing ta da de cap den sy can thiet phai gii l\i\i chieu dieu udc qudc te Noi luu chieu dieu udc qudc te ciing thiyc hipn nhirng chiic nang rieng lien quan den thyc hipn diei udc qudc te Chang ban nhu luu trir ban gdc dieu udc qudc te, s«o luc cd chiing thyc dieu udc qudc te, thdng tin ve dieu udc qidc t l cho cac ben tham gia (ke ca trudng hgp khdng la vier dilu udc qudc te nhung mudn gia nhap dieu udc dd) ndi chung /a ve thdi gian dieu udc qudc te cd hieu lyc v.v Thuat ngii thyc hien dieu udc qudc te dugc van durg rat khac thyc tien Chang ban nhu: thyc hien, thi lainh, thyc thi, trien khai, ap dung, tuan thii, chap hanh v.v >o>ng khoa hpc phap ly qudc te va cac an pham dao tao chra bd sung them (hoac thdng nhat hda) cac hinh thirc thyc hien ngiitem ngat cac quy pham cua luat phap qudc te nhu ly luan ciumg ve phap luat (tuan thu, thyc hien, su dung, ap dung)' Cdn ve phan cac van ban quy pham phap luat, d cac qiudc gia khac nhau, sii dyng cac thuat ngir khac Vi dy, ro)ng Luat Ky kit, gia nhap va thyc hien dilu udc quoc tl nam ZO'OS ciia Viet Nam gpi la "thuc hien dilu udc qudc tl" (Chuong VIII); Luat ve cac dieu udc qudc te Lien bang Nga nam 1995 gpi li "thi hanh cac dieu udc qudc te" (Chuong IV); Cdng udc Vienna nlSm 1969, tai Phin III cd ten gpi la "tuan thu, ap dyng va ".NIhu ' OcMHHHH B.H npHHHXHe H pcaaicamw rocyaapcxBaMH Me)KayHap(aHU.ix aoroBopHWX odaaaxeatcxB M., 2006 140 vay Cong udc Vienna nam 1969 lai tach rieng cac dieu khoan ve tuan thii cac dieu udc (Chuong 1, Phan 111), gom cac dieu: "pacta sunt servanda" (Dieu 26); va "luat qudc gia va tuan thii cac dieu udc" (Dieu 27) Hoac ap dyng cac dieu udc (Chirimg 11, Phan 111) gom cac dieu tir 28-30 Tuan thu cac dieu udc qudc te dd bao gdm ca nguyen tac pacta sunt servanda (dieu udc can phai dugc tuan thii) va phap luat nude Dieu cd nghia la mdi dieu udc qudc te hien hanh (cd hieu lyc) da n"mg huge quyen va nghia vy cac vien ciia dieu udc vdi dieu udc va hp phai ty nguyen thyc hien dieu udc dd (Dieu 26) Cac vien (ben tham gia) dieu udc qudc te khdng the vien dan vao cac dieu khoan cua phap luat qudc gia minh de bien minh cho viec khdng tuan thu dieu udc qudc te (Dieu 27) Ap dyng cac dieu udc qudc te Cdng udc Vienna nam 1969 dugc quy djnh tai cac dieu: "cac dieu udc khdng cd hieu lyc hoi to" (Dieu 28); "hieu lyc cac dieu udc theo pham vi lanh thd" (Dieu 29); va "ap dyng ke tiep dieu udc lien quan den ciing mgt van de" (Dieu 30) Hoac, ndi mgt each khac, viec ap dyng dieu udc qudc te - dd la sy thyc hien cac quyen va trach nhiem mdi phat sinh cac dieu kien cu the cua qudc gia hoac la qudc te Cac qudc gia thi hanh cac dilu udc quoc te can can cir vao hai nguyen tic: ty nguyen thi hanh cac cam ket theo luat qudc te va cac dieu udc phai dugc tuan thii Dac diem cua cac nguyen tSc dugc the hipn d cho: cd su ddng y mgt each ty do, ty nguyen, trung thyc, cdng bing, thien chi, tdn trgng cac cam ket Ty nguyen thi hanh cac cam ket qudc te tir phia cac qudc gia co nghia la cac qudc gia can phai thi hanh cac cam kit ma chinh minh da ky ket, tham gia hoSc gia nhap, tiic la cac cam ket dd phai: 141 - Phil hgp vdi Hien chuong Lien hgp qudc va cac cam ket theo Hien chuong Lien hgp qudc cd hieu lyc hon va dugc uu tien ap dyng; - Xuit phat tir cdc nguyen tic va cac quy pham dugc cdng nhan chung cua luat qudc te; - Xuat phat tir cac dieu udc qudc te phd cap, tiic la cac JiSu udc dd phai phu hgp vdi cac nguyen tac va cac quy pham duoc cdng nhan chung cua luat qudc te; - Phap luat nude ciia cac qudc gia can phai phii hgrp vdi cac cam ket phkp ly ciia minh theo luat quoc te' Pacta sunt servanda (Dieu 26), cd nghia la moi dieu udc cd hieu lyc hien hanh deu rang budc vdi cac ben tham gia va cac ben phai ty nguyen thi hanh dieu udc dd Day cd the la nguySn tic cd kinh nhat, nen mdng nhat cua luat dieu udc qudc tl ndi rieng va toan bd he thdng luat qudc te ndi chung Nguyen tic xuat hien cimg vdi luat qudc te Khdng cd nguyen tic thi khdng the cd luat qudc te va viec hgp tac qudc te ciing khdng tdn tai Vipc hgp tac qudc te tren co sd ky cac dieu udc qudc te se Lu|t quoc tl d day y ndi din cac nguyen tic eo bin cua nd ma nOi dung dupe ghi nh§n cac van bin quoc tl: Tuyen b6 vl cac nguyen tic ca ban Iu§t quoc tl 24/10/1970 dilu chinh quan h$ h&u nghj va hpp tdc gitta cac qu6c gia phii hpp vdi Hiin chuong Li€n hpp qu6c; va vftn ban Kit l u ^ cua Hpi nghj vl an ninh va hpp tic chSu Au nam 1975 (trong Giap trinh Lu§t qu6c tl cua Khoa Lu§t tryc thu^c D?i hpc Quoc gia Ha NOi NXB D?i hpc Qu6c gia Ha NOi H., 1997 thi gpi la Djnh udc cu6i cung cCia Hpi nghj Henxinky nSm 1975 vl an ninh va hpp tac ciia cac nude chSu Au tr 42-43; Giao trinh Lu$t qudc tl ciia Tnrdng D^i hpc Lu|it Ha NOi NXB Cdng an NhSn dSn H., 2005 thi gpi la Djnh udc Henxinky ngAy 01/8/1975 vl an ninh va hpp tic cac nude chSu Au tr 40.) 142 khdng cd y nghia neu khdng cd sy tuan thu cac dieu udc da ky ket tir phia cac ben cua cac dieu udc dd Cac qudc gia nghiem chirih tuan thii va thi hanh mpt each ty nguyen cac cam kit dieu udc quoc te la phuang tien quan trpng de phat trien cac quan he hda binh va than thien, cung nhu dam bao an ninh qudc te Day la nguyen tac da dugc nhieu nha khoa hpc - luat qudc te tren the gidi quan tam, nghien ciru va ndi dung ciia nguyen tic cdng bd nhieu an pham khoa hpc' Ndi dung ciia nguyen tac "pacta sunt servanda" la quy dinh cac quyen va nghia vy cd di cd lai giiia cac ben ciia dieu udc qudc te Dieu dd cd nghia la: - Dieu udc qudc te can phai dugc thi hanh, khdng phu thugc vao cac sy kien ben va ben ngoai dieu udc, ngoai trir tnrdng hgp bat kha khang (vi dy, cd sy thay ddi can ban vl cac cam ket qudc te); - Cac quoc gia khdng the vien dan vao phap luat qudc gia minh de bien minh cho viec khdng thi hanh dieu udc qudc te; I E!Iias T.O The Mordem Law of Treaties Leiden, 1974 P 43-44; TyHKHH r.H TeopHH MesKaynapoaHoro npaBa M., 1970 - C 245-252; 3axapoBa H.B BbinoaneHHe odHsaxeabcxB, suxeKaiouiHx H3 MOKaynapoaHoro aoroBopa M., 1987; TnynoB O.H OpHHUHn codaioaeHHjj Mie)KayHapoaHbix odssaxeabcxB M., 1979; AaeKCHaae JI.A HcKoxopue BC)npocbi xeopHH Me^aynapoaHoro npaBa HMnepaxHBHue nopMU jus cogens TdnaHCH, 1982 - C 323; LUecxaKOB Jl.H HMnepaxMBHue HopMU B cHcxeMe coBpeMCHHoro MOKayHapoanoro npaBa M., 1981; riiepexepcKHft M.C ToaKOBanHe MeMcaynapoaHbix aoroBopoB M., 1959 C 152-155 Hojc cac van ban: United Nations Conference on the Law of Tr-eaties First Session P 150-158, 427; Conference des Nations Unies sur le droit des traites Deuxi^me sesion P 47-52; flomiaabi KOMHCCHH MOKayHapoflHoro npaBa 1966.-C 151-152 143 - cac qudc gia khdng cd quyen ky cac dieu udc qudc tl trai vdi ckc cam ket cac dieu udc qudc te hi?n hanh ma chinh hp da ky ket; - Cam viec don phuong cham dirt dieu udc qudc te ciing nhu viec kiem tra dieu udc qudc te, neu dieu dd khdng dugc quy dinh dieu udc qudc te; - Viec cit dirt quan he ngoai giao hoac quan he lanh sy giOra cac ben tham gia dieu udc qudc te khdng anh hudng den quan h? phap ly da dugc thiet lap dieu udc qudc te giura hg, ngo^ trir trudng hgp ma su tdn tai cua quan he ngoai giao ho^c lanh sy la khdng the thieu cho viec thi hanh dieu udc quoc tl (Dieu 63 ciia Cdng udc Vienna nam 1969) Dac diem phap ly cua quy pham pacta sunt servanda duyrc the hipn d cho: 1) Cac qudc gia the hien sy ddng y ring cac quy pham quoc tl va ckc dilu khoan ciia dieu udc cd tinh chat bit budc doi vdi hg; 2) cac qudc gia the hien sy ddng y ring cac nguyen tic cd tinh chit dac trung nhu: dieu udc cin dugc ty nguyen thyc hipn, dieu udc dugc cdng nhan vdi tinh chat bit huge va nhu v§y, cdc quy pham phap luat qudc te dugc xay dyng bing phuang phkp thda hipp giiia cac qudc gia - chu the cua Iu|it qudc te la bit bu^c phai thyc hipn' Ngoii ra, thyc bipn cac dieu udc qudc tl, cac b€n ciia dieu udc can chii y den hai nguyen tic sau day: THyHOB O.H HpHUHn codaioaeHHJi aoroBopoB B MewflynapoaHOM npase nepMb, 1976.-C 17 144 h'guyen tac thir nhat, cac dieu udc qudc te khdng cd hieu lyc hdi tc (nguyen tic khdng hdi td)' Nguyen tic khdng dugc quy dnh dieu udc qudc te, nhung ddi cac qudc gia cd quy (inh rieng: "dieu udc khdng cd hieu lyc hdi td" Neu dieu idc qudc te dugc cac qudc gia kp dyng hieu lyc hdi td, thi chi nlim thi hanh dieu udc qudc te hoac nhirng sy kien nao dd xay n trudc dieu udc qudc te cd hieu lyc Tuy nhien, thyc ten quan hp dieu udc qudc te, hieu lyc hdi td rat hiem xay re hguyen tac thii hai, viec ap dyng ke tiep cac dieu udc qudc :e da dugc ky ket lien quan den cimg mgt van de (hoac ddi tugng) Ddi cac qudc gia ky ket cac dieu udc qudc te nhu vay va rit cd thi ca hai dieu udc quoc te cimg cd hieu lyc (dieu udc da ky trudc dd va dieu udc qudc te mdi ky sau dd) Day la bipn tugng "song ton" hai dieu udc qudc te cimg cd hieu luc Nhung de thix; hien cac dieu udc qudc te dd can phai dy tinh trudc cac dieu kipn sau day: - Mgt Id, dilu udc qudc tl ky ket sau (dieu udc mdi) cin plai quy dinh cy the: cd ap dung ho^c khdng dugc ap dyng dilu udc qudc te da ky ket trudc do; - Hai Id, dieu udc qudc te mdi can phai chi rang: dieu udc quoc te mdi dugc uu tien ap dyng hon so vdi dieu udc qidc te d§ ky trudc dd; bill 28 Cdng udc Vienna nam 1969 "Cac dilu udc qu6c te khdng cd hifu Hrc i6i to" quy djnh rang: "Trir cd y djnh khac dupe ndi rd dilu udcho^c dupe thi hi?n bang mOt each khac, cac dilu khoan cua dilu udc se kidng rang buOc doi vdi cac b€n dilu udc vl mpi hanh vi ho^c sv ki|n xay a trudc dilu udc dd cd hi§u l^c" 145 - Ba Id, dieu udc qudc tl da ky ket trudc dd dugc ap dung dieu kien ma cac dieu khoan cua nd cdn phii hgp vdi c4c dieu khoan ciia dieu udc qudc te ky ket sau; - Bdn Id, nlu cac ben tham gia dieu udc ky kit sau khdng la cac vien cua dieu udc da ky ket trudc dd, thi hg cd the ap dyng cac dieu khoan quy dinh dieu udc qudc te da ky ket trudc dd, nhung can chii y ring cac dieu khoan cua dieu udc da ky ket trudc dd phai phii hgp (hoac khdng trai) vdi cac dieu khoan quy dinh dieu udc qudc te ky ket sau (Dieu 30 Cdng udc Vierma nam 1969) De tiem can vdi nguyen tic thu hai ndi tren, chiing ta can bilt ngi dung chinh cua nguyen tic la gi? Dd la: a) Uu tien hieu lyc cho ckc cam ket qudc te Hien chuong Lien hgp qudc (Dieu 103 Hien chuong Lien hgp qudc); b) Luat chuyen nganh thay luat chung (lex specialis derogat generalli); c) Luat sau thay the luat trudc dd (lex posterior derogat prior) Chiing ta sS cimg tim hieu thyc tien cua luan cii ndi tren thdng qua cac dieu udc qudc te ma ngi dung ciia chiing lien quan den cimg mpt ddi tugng dieu chinh Dd la cac Cdng udc Geneve ve luat bien nam 1958 va Cdng udc Lien hgp qudc ve luat bien nam 1982 Cac Cdng udc cimg dieu chmh ve luat bien Theo dd, cac Cdng udc Geneve ve luat bien nam 1958, gdm cd Cdng udc: 1) Cdng udc ve lanh hai va vimg tiep giap; 2) Cdng udc ve them lyc dia; 3) Gong udc ve bien qudc tl; 146 4) Cdng udc ve danh bat ca va bao ve ngudn tai nguyen sinh vat d bien ca ('ong udc Lien hgp qudc ve luat bien nam 1982 ban hanh sau (thong qua 10/12/1982) va la Cdng udc cd tinh tdng hgp, bao ham nipi van de ve luat bien Trong Cdng udc ve luat bien nam 1982 cd nhieu dieu khoan da dugc quy djnh cac Cdng udc Geneve nam 1958, nhung thyc tien Cdng udc Lien hgp qudc nam 1982 dugc uu tien hieu lyc (uu tien ap dyng) hon so vdi Ccic Cdng udc Geneve nam 1958 Neu nhu cac qudc gia khdng gia nhap Cdng udc Lien hgp qudc ve luat bien nam 1982, thi cac Cdng udc Geneve nam 1958 tiep tyc cd hieu luc ddi vdi cac qudc gia tham gia cac Cdng udc dd Vay, thi hanh dieu udc qudc te - la boat ddng cua cac qudc gia tren cap qudc te va qudc gia nhim hudng tdi xay dung mgt he thdng cac phuang tien phap ly va td chiic, hoac ndi mgt each khac la xay dyng co che de thuc hien cac myc dich ciia dieu udc qudc te Viec tuan thii cac quy pham phap luat qudc te se phan anh true tiep den quan he giiia cac qudc gia va trat ty phap ly qu6c te Cac quy pham dd cd the bao gdm: quy pham cdng udc, quy pham tap quan, quy pham chung, quy pham rieng, quy pham phd thdng, quy pham cd tinh khu vyc va lien khu vyc Thi hanh dieu udc a cap quoc te Q cap dg qudc te, cac phuong tien thi hanh dieu udc gdm: kiem tra; sy dam bao; cac co quan qudc te chuyen nganh; thyc hi^n cac cudc tiep xiic thudng xuyen giiia cac ben ciia dieu udc qudc te; danh gia tham djnh va hdi nghj tham dinh; cu the hda cac dieu udc qudc te cd tinh phd cap bang each ky ket cac dieu 147 udc qudc te chuyen nganh hoac cac dieu udc qudc te cd tirh llifen ng^nh; ckc ben thdng qua dieu udc, dd cam ket khdig ky vdi ckc quoc gia thir ba cdc dieu udc qudc tl ma cd npi diung xung dpt vdi dieu udc cap nay; thii tyc tu phap va tlii tyc trpng tdi Neu mpt ben vi pham dieu udc quoc tl thi dp dung cd; bipn phdp ve trdeh nhipm phdp ly quoc tl Trong Ijch su luat phdp qudc tl da dp dung nbiea cdc phuang tien nhu vay Ching ban nhu: mpt Idi hiia; Idi tuyei fth?; \ r r y r f •% j cam cd; chiem cii cdc vimg lanh thd; the chap mpt phan Idm ttho; ddm bdo tdi chinh; thi chap nhiing vat quy cd gid tri i^it dr^x vd ngudi bdo ddm' Trong luat phdp quoc te da hinh mpt he thdng kiiem sodt Hinh thirc vd phuong phdp cua nd dugc quy djnh troig cdc cdng udc vd cdc nganh luat^ Gido su P.M Valeev nihan manh ve tam quan trpng ciia cdng tdc kiem tra, gidm sdt qid(C tl viec dam bdo trat tu phap ly vd nen tdng phdp che qidtc ll nhu la mpt che dinh mdi ciia luat quoc te^ Theo nguyen tfc, cdc Vi dy, theo tai li^u vl di khao van hda-phap ly cd xua thi D^u udc nam 1296 TCN dupe ky giaa Hoang dl Ai C|ip Ramzes II Na Vua Hatusalem (cua dSn tOc phin trung va ddng tilu chSu A va Bac X^ri vio thi ky XVIII din diu thi ky XII TCN) quy djnh cac bifn v plh?im Dilu udc: "S6 mit nha, dit dai va cac nd 1$ dii vdi vi pham cim> kit (ho^c idi hira) nay" Sy trimg ph^t dang sp nhit dd ia Idi nguy!n cua Chiia, ciia s6 ph^ va siic m?nh huyin bi cua thifin nhifin Baaees P.M KoHxpoab B cospeMeHHOM McxcayHapoaHOM npase lasiaHb, 2003 BaneeB P.M KoHxpoab B COBPCMCHHOM MOKaynapoanoM npase laasaHb, 1998.-C 148 86 Phan Huy Hdng Cac nguyen tac quan he thuang mai va dau tu quoc te qua Hiep dinh thuong mai Viet Nam Hoa Ky NCLP, so 6/2002 87 Pham Duy NghTa Chuyen khao Luat kinh te - Chuong trinh sau dai hpc NXB Dai hpc Qudc gia Ha Ndi H., 2004 88 Pham Hong Hai Hgp tac qudc te cac vu dn hinh sy dieu kien hdi nhap hien NCLP, sd 2/2001 89 Tang Kim Ddng Qudc te Cdng phap Quyen - Luat phap qudc te Sai Gdn, 1974 90 Tran Van Thang Mdi quan he giiia luat quoc te va luat qudc gia phap luat va thyc tien cdc nude Tap chi Nha nude vd Phap luat, sd 4/2002 91 Tran Vdn Thdng va Le Mai Anh Luat qudc te: Ly luan vd Thyc tien NXB Giao due H., 2002 92 Vu Diic Long Vai trd cua dieu udc qudc te viec soan thao van ban quy pham phap luat Tap chi Dan chu va Phdp luat, so 8/2002 93 Vii Mao Dieu udc qudc te vdi viec hoan thien he thong phap luat Viet Nam qud trinh hdi nhap NCLP, sd 1/2005 Ti«2ng nirdc ngoai 94 Conference des Nations Unies sur le droit des traites Deuxieme session 95 Les Etats federaux Bruxelles, 1984 dans les relations internationals 235 96 Multilateral Trealies Deposited by Secrykry General Status as at 31 December 1981 -N.Y: UN, 1982 97 Multilateral Trealies Deposited by Secrykry General Status as at 31 December 1982-N.Y: UN, 1983 98 U.N Conference on the Law of Treaties First Session Official Reconds N.Y., 1969 99 South West Africa Cases ICJ Reports 1962 100 Aspaturian V The Union Republics in Soviet Diplotiacy Geneva, I960 101 Bokor-Szege H New States and Intemational Law, Budapest, 1970 102 Brieriy First Report A/CN 4/23 Apr 14 1950 103 Brigg H Procedures for Establishing the Invalidiy or Termination of Treaties under the Intemational Law Commissions 1966 Draft Articles on the Law of Tretties// AJIL 1967 No 104 Clive P., Hopkins J British Intemational Law Cases Vol London, 1973 ' 105 Crudewig A Die Beendigung volkerrechtlicher Verrage Breslau, 1908 106 David The Strategy of Treaty Termination London, D75 107 Dennis W Effect of War on Treaties// AJIL 1929 No2 108 Duculescu V Succesinnea Statelor la tratatele intematoraal Bucuresti, 1972 109 Elias T.O The Mordem Law of Treaties Leiden, 1974 236 110 Ferdros A Forbiden Treaties in Intemational Law// AJIL 1937 No 111 Frankowska M Wypowiedzenie umowy miedzynarodowej Warszawa, 1976 112 Frowein J Reservations and the Intemational Ordre Public// Theory of Intemational Law in the Threshol of the 21" Century The Hague, 1996 113 Gialdini A Gli effetti della Guerra sui trattati Milan, 1959 114 Guggenheim P The Validity zmd Nullity of Intemational Legal Acts// Recueil des Cours, 1949-1 115 Haas G Verfassungsrechtliche Aspecte schweizerischen Aussenwirtschaftpolitik Basel, 1989 der 116 Haas G Verfassungsrechtliche Aspecte schweizerischen Aussenwirtschaftpolitik Basel, 1989 der 117.Haufmann E Die volkerrechtlichen Vorkriegsvetrage// ZaoRV 1958 No 1-3 118 Holloway K Les reserves dans les traites intemationaux Paris, 1958 119 Hom F Reservations and Interpretive Declarations to Multilateral Treaties Amsterdam, 1988 120 Hudson M Legal Effect of Unregistered Treaties in Practice under Article 18 of the Covenant// AJIL 1934 No 121 Hurst C Effect of War on Treaties// British YBIL Vol 1921-1922 237 122 Jaskiemia J Miedzynarodowa aktywnosc Quebecu a tendencje separatyczne// Sprawy miedzynarodowe, 1978 No\\ 123 Khadjenouri M Reserves dans les traites intemationaux Geneve, 1953 124 Klabbers J The Concept of Treaty in Intemational Law The Hague, 1996 125 Konton M The Termination and Revision of Treaties in the Light of New Customary Intemational Law N.Y., 1994 126 Konton M The Termination and Revision of Treaties in the Light of New Customary Intemational Public Tome II Les sujets de droit Paris, 1974 127 Kuhner R Vorbehalte zu multilateralen volkerrechtlichen Vertragen Berlin, 1986 128 Lauterpacht First Report A/CN 4/63 March 24, 1953 129 Mclntyre S Legal Effect of Worid War II on Treaties of the United States The Hague, 1958 130 McNair A War and Treaties// Oxford Journal on World Affairs No 37 1940 131 McNair A., Watts A The Legal Effects of War Cambridge, 1966 132 Norton N.I Treaty Interpretation, the Constitution and the RuleofLaw 2000 Xo4 133 Nguyen Huu Tru 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