Viết 4 nguyễn phương lan 2

1 NHA TRANG UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES *** Subject Outline WRITING NHA TRANG 10/2011 Subject details Subject name WRITING Units of credit Study length 15 weeks Prerequisite / Co requisite Suggested study Commitment Term Writing Subject Coordinator/ Lecturer Contact details Nguyễn Phương Lan Approximately class hours per week 2/1012 Tel: 0983729979 Email: hoanglan65vn@gmail.com The subject outline contains important information Please ensure that you read it carefully It is also strongly recommended that you keep this copy of your subject outline for future reference Course objectives: After the first term of the second year the students get the upperadvanced level of English Teachers help the students to learn how to write a good business letter , a CV and a good report Subject objectives The specific objectives of this subject are to help students to: Write a business letter (Request letters, Letters Of Application, A cv or curriculum vitae, Letters Of Complain) Write a report (Writing About Graphs And Charts) Subject structure The structure of this subject for on-campus students comprises:  One periods lecture per week Subject materials Lecture notes (mainly from the text books) and essential readings which are recommended in each topic are key materials for this subject Additionally, further readings, discussion questions, exercises and problems solving will help students understand thoroughly the fundamental issues of writing business letters and reports Prescribed textbooks: SUBJECT HANDOUTS Effective Writing by Jean Withrow Outlines by Andy Hopekins & Chris Tribble College Handbook by John C Hodges Error – Free Writing by Robin A Cormier Technical Writing by Michael H Maerkel Writing Technical English by Tim Harris Writing Academic English by Alice Oshima and Aron Houge Writing Power by Nancy White Proposed schedule Time Week periods Content Introduction the subject Tutorial 1: - Guiding about learning the subject - Group formation, assignment requirements, presentation, feedback and homework Week 2 periods How to write a business letter (Presentation) Tutorial 2: Group 1:- Formation of a business letter Group 2:- Request letters ( What is a request letter, kinds of request letters, language notes, an example ) Business letters (Lecture) Week periods Week periods Business letters (Practice) Week periods Week periods Week periods Week periods Week periods Week 10 periods Week 11 periods Week 12 periods Group 3:- Letters Of Application ( Cover letters: an overview, outline, useful phrases ) Business letters (Lecture) Business letters (Practice) Group 4: A cv or curriculum vitae (Sample Curriculum Vitae Template, Samples of CV) Group 4: A cv or curriculum vitae (Sample Curriculum Vitae Template, Samples of CV) Business letters (Lecture) Test How to write a report (Presentation) Tutorial 3: Group 5: What is a report, kinds of reports, identifying facts and opinions, phrases of making recommendations, the outline of a report How to write a report (Lecture) (Practice) (Practice) Group 6: Writing About Graphs And Charts ( Getting the Main Idea, Grouping Information, The Language of Graphs, Types of Graphs, Examples) Writing About Graphs And Charts (Lecture) (Practice) Week 13 periods Week 14 periods Week 15 periods (Practice) (Practice) - Revision -Test Assessment Assessment for the subject will be on the basis of: Contribution 5% 5% 10 % 30 % 50% Assessment points Attendance Homework Class activity (Tutorial discussion leading and presentation) Mid term tests (2 tests) Final exam: Writing Home work for ALL groups Do all the practices for each unit and then send the feedback to the teacher Deadline: a week before each unit Write a CV, a cover letter and a report Chapter WRITING IN NEWSPAPERS The British magazine Private Eye has published a regular feature called True -Stories' for many years It contains short articles taken from newspapers from different English speaking countries These articles are always either very srrange or very funny In this unit we shall look at the way this sort of short " article Is written and you will be writing your own True Stories' Preparing for writing 1.1 Have any people in your class heard any stories recently from newspapers radio or television that have been strange or amusing? Tell your class about trie story, where you heard or read it and why you thought it was interesting Journalists often writ: in very similar ways, even if they are writing for different newspapers * First they introduce the most important person or people in the story * Then they write aboutthe main event or events * Finally they describe the outcome of these events 2.1 Organisation Read the two short newspaper articles below and decide where each of the sections above begins Write down the first five words of each section Model text : Trapped under his car for six hours, Mr Gordon Pickrell of Kingston told the police: 'I broke my arm when the car turned over in the accident and it was balanced just above my shoulders and neck I was in a great deal of pain and very frightened 'However, the cause of my attack on the rescue team was not the pain It was having to listen to a cassette c fthe rock group WHAM! playing over and over again throughout the entire period At first they rnade me think I was going mad, then thought I was going to die Then wanted to die ' ‘That was why I hit the ambulance man when I was finally released.' Model text Asked why he had decided to leave the hospital a few moments before was his operation was due to start, Mr Kevin Heatherton said: 'I was lying down waiting for the anaesthetic when two surgeons began to argue about who was going to the work Seconds later one hit the other with his fist! and they started to fight ‘As they struggled with each other on the floor of the operating theatre I slipped away’ 2.2 What you think would be the best titles for these articles Choose one of the following or write your own titles -Insult to Injury - Rescuers Assaulted -A Narrow Escape -Theatre Drama -Dangerous Doctors Article 1: _ Article 2: _ 2.3 Grammar In this son of very short article it is important to say things as briefly as possible Journalists often, use participles as a way of using as few words as possible and also as a way of helping put important information at the beginning of their story Compare the two different versions of the opening sections cf the two articles that are given below Mr Gordon Pickrell of Kingston, the Trapped under his car for six hours, who was trapped under his car Mr Gordon Pickrell of Kingston told the man for six hours, told the police: police: Asked why he had decided to leave "the hospital a few moments before was his operation was due to start, Mr Kevin Heatherton said: Mr Kevin Heatherton was asked why he had decided to If.ve the hospital a few minutes before his operation was due to start Mr Heathenon said: In both of these articles the event is more important than the name of the person Using participles can be a very effective way of putting important information at the beginning of an article Writing task Both of these extracts below could be the beginnings of short newspaper articles, but they are not written in an appropriate style Work with a partner to rewrite the extracts so that they could make more appropriate beginnings for newspaper articles Article Mrs Shano Urati of Tokyo, was interviewed at her mother's house She said: Article Mr JohnTopton, a counter clerk at Barclay's Bank, Snairwell, was interviewed outside his place of work _ He said: Writing task Work with a partner to put the rest of Article into the right order Remember that the article will need a surprising or interesting ending His hair had shown no signs of returning After accepting this advice he ate nothing for 40 days and on the 41" he died A street-doctor convinced him that the only certain way to cure his baldness was to fast My husband worried about losing his hair (Private Eye, 16th October, 1987) Improving your writing The rest of Article contains several mistakes and needs to be rewritten Working with a partner, rewrite the article so that it presents the information clearly and contains no grammar, spelling or punctuation mistakes Mr John Topton, a counter clerk at Barclay's Bank, Snairwell, was interviewed outside his place of work He said: ‘'We was busy at lunchtime and there was a long cue All at once a man came under the rail, stuck a gun over the counter and demand the money in my cash drawer I was about to followed the manager instructions for hand over some moneys and press the alarm's bell, when Mr Bobby Grove, a customer who is waiting to be served, and came up behind the man, grabbing him anc shouting, "Queue jumper!", marching him out of the bank and into the street It was quiet the relief.' Writing task 6.1 Use the notes given below to write a short newspaper article about an incident that took place in France Begin your article like this: 'Reporting on the results of Operation Good Driving .' Country: France Person involved: Minister of Transport Monsieur Pierre Manaingerie Situation: Police wanted give cash prize good drivers BUT could not find any Motorway patrols search Found one good driver but he suddenly went fast (140 kph) - disappeared into thick traffic No one wearing seat-belt or within speed limit 2nd good driver went past red lights (no good reason) Action:' No prizes - driver through red lights must pay large fine. Chapter 2: BUSINESS LETTERS Sample: A C D E F 116, Faversham Road, Marden, Kent, KT9 4TY 8th June,2000, Your ref: TG/ 782 The Personnel Manager, B The ‘Y’Hotel, Tottenham Court Road, London WC1 2LZ Dear Mr/ Mrs Vaughan/ Sir/ Madam/ Sirs/ Sir or Madam, G I recently saw a(n)…… LETTER H Yours sincerely, Yours faithfully, I J Alan Rowley REQUEST LETTERS Practice 1: Write one of these letters; A Write to a box-office (theatre/ concert hall) asking for tickets to a performance State: price of tickets Place Date Time of day Name of performance Mention payment B You are having trouble with your eyes Write a letter to an optician requesting an appointment Suggest suitable times Inquire about payment Practice 2: Write one of these letters: 10 A You are living in a flat The landlord has just put the rent up You think he’s put the rent up too much: write to the local Rent Officer at the Town Hall and ask him to come and fix a fair rent for your flat Give him details of the flat and of your old and new rent B Write to a hotel and book a room Specify: for how many people For how long Arrival and departure times Any meal requirements Practice 3: Write both letter: A Write to a language school in Britain inquiring about i) summer course, 2002 (dates/ length / cost) or ii) autumn courses, 2002 B You are a carpenter and cabinet-maker When you were in Britain a short while ago a Scotsman, Mr Robin Murray, asked you to make him a study chair, but you didn’t discuss details Write a letter to Mr Murray asking for precise instructions for construction of the chair- you know it was supposed to be a study chair- perhaps with a round back Check: size? Materials? Style? Delivery date? Delivery address? Payment? Practice 4: Write both letters: A You would like to take the Cambridge Proficiency Exam, but you’re not sure exactly what the tests, how it tests it, when the exams are, how much they cost, and where you take them Write an appropriate letter to the Cambridge examinations board asking for information B B You’ve just got in Britain, and , of course, you’re rather pleased However, you need to know certain things You have no idea: How to get a work permit How to arrange your annual holidays how to join the health service scheme You’d also like to know precise directions about how to get to your new employers- somewhere in Norwich Write a letter requesting these instructions and directions LETTERS OF APPLICATION 3.1.5 Cover Letter: Example 2520 Vista Avenue Olympia, Washington 98501 April 19, 2001 19 Sample Acceptance Letter This is a sample acceptance letter to give you an idea on how to write your own letter, the phrases in italics, should be replaced by your own information [Date] [Address] [Phone Number] [Employer's Name and Title] [Employer's Address] Dear [Recruiter Name], After having considered your offer for [Position title] at [Organisation title] it is with great enthusiasm that I accept your offer This job opportunity fits with my career expectations and path and I therefore look forward to contributing to the success of [Organization title] As we discussed, my starting salary will be [salary here] and health and life insurance benefits will be [describe here] I have handed in my notice form my current job, the notice period being [notice period length] I look forward to start [work / training course] on the [starting date] If you need any additional documents please let me know Again, thank you Sincerely, [sign your name ] [type your name ] 5.2 Sample Declination Letter [Date Declination Letter was written] [Date] [Address] [Phone Number] [Employer's Name and Title] [Employer's Address] Dear [Recruiter Name], I would like to thank you for your time to interview me for the position [Position title] at [Organization title] After having considered your offer carefully, I have decided that at this point I cannot accept your offer because Choose One  The salary offered is not to my expectations  I can only considering full time employment  The position offered does not fit in my career path  I have received another more advantageous offer I thank you for your thoughtful consideration and the employment offer I received and wish you luck in your search for an appropriate candidate Sincerely, [Sign your name] [Type your name] 20 5.3 Sample Thank You Letter This is a sample thank you letter to give you an idea on how to write your own letter, the phrases in italics, should be replaced by your own information [Date] [Address] [Phone Number] [Employer's Name and Title] [Employer's Address] Dear [Name of HR manager], I would like to thank you for the opportunity you have given me for an interview for the [Position title and reverence number] I have learned a lot of new things about [Organization Name] This vacancy is right for me as I am qualified and experience to fulfill the duties required by the position The [info you learnt during interview] is also very interesting because I [have experience qualification in info you learnt] If you need any more information on my career history please not hesitate to contact me Thank you for your time and I look forward to hear from you Sincerely, [Sign your name] [Type your name] 21 Chapter 3: REPORTS PART ONE: WRITING REPORTS INTRODUCTION Report writing may seem very difficult to However, if the report is well organized and if it is clear why each paragraph has been written then it is possible to write a concise, structured report This lesson provides steps toward effective report writing ACTIVITY 1: Can you think of a report that impressed you? What did you like about it? Was it the structure of the report? Was it well researched? Was there a clear recommendation? ACTIVITY 2: There are different reasons for writing a report Here are the three main reasons Match the reasons for the report with their name Name of the report reason for writing ACTIVITY 3: Here are three examples of the information of reports you might encounter in a workplace As a group decide which report goes with which questions and remember to add an additional question to answer You must write a report about the hotel situation in Nha Trang for your boss In this report you must include the names of all the hotels in the city, their capacity when they are full, the usually occupancy, and the caliber of hotel You work for a company that is in the process of evaluating a sight for a new hotel construction and he needs this information to bring to a meeting with the investors where they will decide if they will proceed with the project or not You are working with a group at work on a project to determine a new marketing strategy for a tour company Your supervisor is interested in knowing information about the demographics of tourist coming to Nha Trang as well as the competition the company faces You have conducted a survey and you are currently in the process of working on synthesizing the data You all have a very detailed document created by the Khanh Hoa Tourism Association which discusses where tourists come from, how much money they spend, where they usually stay in hotels, they most popular activities, there reason for travel, favored eating establishments, and duration of stay You have just returned from a meeting during which you were responsible for taking notes You must write a report for all members of the company who were not in attendance The purpose of the meeting was to decide how many people should go to a tourism conference in Indonesia next month At the meeting you discussed the cost of sending a participant, the benefits to the company, and potential candidates The whole company will receive the report, some of whom not know about the conference You decided that the company will send two people, but you have not decided who ACTIVITY 4: 22 Look at an example report and check you answers: The company certainly has a problem with staff attendance at special training courses This is particularly true for the supervisors' afternoon college courses I think there are a number of reasons for this situation First of all, I have the feeling that the course is not made interesting or relevant for our staff Secondly, the timing of the course on Friday afternoons is not suitable because the trainees are tired at the end of the week A further point is the distance of the college from the factory It is nearly one hour's journey And finally, it is my view that many of the supervisors attending these courses are not suitable for them The work is too hard for them Look at the phrases in bold These make it clear that the information is the opinion of the writer What other phrases can you use to show you are giving an opinion and not stating a fact? ACTIVITY 5: Your boss wants to introduce a dress code She has asked you to write a short report about they style of clothes employees usually wear to work Use the information below Make sure you make it clear when you are giving your opinion or stating a fact Use the example above to help you Information: The company is located in a tropical climate and many of the employees like to wear less clothing then you think is appropriate Many employees have significant contact with their clients and thus their physical appearance is important You have over heard several clients indicate that they not think that the employees of your company look professional Many of the employees have indicated that the ability to wear comfortable clothing is very important to them Some people who work at the company are foreigners who have different ideas about what is appropriate workplace clothing ACTIVITY 6: Presenting Facts and opinions When writing a report it is important that you recognize the difference between facts and opinions Which of the statements below are facts, and which are opinions? a) Smoking is a silly habit b) Ten times as many smokers get lung cancer as non-smokers c) People smoke much more when they are worried d) There is a link between lung cancer and cigarette smoking Which of the statements above would be best to support the argument that smoking is harmful to health? ACTIVITY 7: Reinforcing facts Look at these three statements (a), (b) and (c) Which one does not support the main idea? 23 It is good to get your company’s name in the papers (main idea) a) It is a cheap and effective form of advertising b) Journalists are always looking interesting stories c) There are many different kinds of publications The answer is (c) Both (a) and (b) support the main idea, and (b) provides additional support to make the argument stronger It reinforces (a) You can show this by using: It is good to get your company’s name in the papers because it is a cheap and effective form of advertising Furthermore journalists are always looking for interesting stories ACTIVITY 8: Making recommendations In a report there is often a section with recommendations based on the information in the report Look at the following ways for making recommendations - It is recommended that management reconsider the working hours of all employees and draw up a proposal for an alternative - All sections should state the minimum level of cover needed and establish a system for the organization of leave Look at this report written by a visiting director to a company It makes recommendations for future staff training What are the phrases for making recommendations? What other phrases are there for making recommendations? ACTIVITY 9: Identifying the parts of a report This report examines whether there is a need for the company to have a dress code There has never been a dress code before, and at the moment employees are able to wear whatever they like to work However, there is a clause in all contracts which states that employees “should dress smartly.” In my opinion most employees dress very badly For example some employees wear jeans to work, especially the younger members of staff Sometimes the jeans are neither new nor clean There are also very few men who wear ties, in fact only the senior members of the finance department wear ties An increasing number of employees wear t-shirts Moreover it is my view that some of the women in the summer look unprofessional when they wear sandals It is important to wear smart clothes to work because it gives a good impression to customers In addition it shows that employees are professional Wearing casual clothes suggests that we are also casual about our work, which is certainly not the case 24 This report therefore proposes that a clear dress code needs to be introduced with effective guidelines for employees to follow It is recommended that all men wear ties although not necessarily suits The report proposes women should wear shoes all year round The wearing of jeans and t-shirts should be prohibited for both men and women with the exception of the dispatch department There are four paragraphs Read through the report again, why has each paragraph been written? ACTIVITY 10: Writing a short report Your company is considering banning smoking in all the offices You have been asked to write a report into the smoking habits of employees in the company You must also recommend whether a ban is necessary or not Write a short report and use the information in the table below to help you Information fact Employees can smoke where they like at work Smoking is harmful to health Most employees who smoke want to stop Employees who don’t smoke are unhappy Smokers would be willing to go outside the building to have a cigarette Write four paragraphs This is the reason for each paragraph: opinion Paragraph introduces the reason for the report Paragraph provides facts and opinions about people who smoke at work Paragraph gives a reason for banning smoking Paragraph makes recommendations for a smoking ban and gives some suggestions Use the example in activity above to help you PART TWO: WRITING ABOUT GRAPHS AND CHARTS Getting the Main Idea One of the most important things to is get the main idea of the graph First, identify the main features of the graph What is happening? What are the biggest numbers? If it is a time graph, what are the biggest changes? What are the trends? (‘Trends’ means the main changes or differences over time.) Use a Pen! 25 Ideally you need to find one main idea and, if possible, one or two more smaller ideas       Don’t have too much information Don’t analyze or explain everything in the graph Don’t go from left to right, explaining everything Instead pick the main ideas Use the biggest and next biggest – don’t mention everything in between Don't mention the small or unimportant stuff Pick an idea and find information that supports it Look at the graph above, from The First Measured Century, by PBS It shows US sports players' salaries in dollars Click to see some of the main ideas In 1970, baseballers earned $125,000 a year, footballers' salaries averaged $99,000 a year, and basketball players earned about $43,000 annually Note the main ideas:        All salaries increased Big differences between 1970 and 2000 for all sports Basketball was biggest in 2000, followed by baseball In 1970, basketball was the lowest, baseball was the highest There was a sudden rise beginning in 1980 There was another sharp rise for all sports in 1990 Salaries in football from 1995 Grouping Information Sometimes there is too much information in a graph You may need to group similar information This makes it easier for the reader to understand It is also less work for you, because you can put more than one piece of information in a sentence For example, you might be able to divide a list into three groups Often there is one group at the top, one in the middle, and one at the bottom Look at the graph below, which shows the number of Internet users in European countries in 2000 Look at the graph above, from the IELTS preparation text "Insight into IELTS" by Vanessa Jakeman and Clare McDowell, Cambridge University Press 26 The graph shows the fluctuation in the number of people at a London underground station over the course of a day The busiest time of the day is in the morning There is a sharp increase between 06:00 and 08:00, with 400 people using the station at o'clock After this the numbers drop quickly to less than 200 at 10 o'clock Between 11 am and pm the number rises, with a plateau of just under 300 people using the station In the afternoon, numbers decline, with less than 100 using the station at pm There is then a rapid rise to a peak of 380 at 6pm After pm, numbers fall significantly, with only a slight increase again at 8pm, tailing off after pm Overall, the graph shows that the station is most crowded in the early morning and early evening periods TYPES OF GRAPHS Practices: Test You should spend about 20 minutes on this task The table below provide information on rental charges and salaries in three areas of London Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information shown below You should write at least 150 words Area Weekly rents per property (�/w) Salaries needed (�/year) bed bed bed bed bed bed 27 Notting Hill Regent's Park Fulham 375 485 738 98,500 127,500 194,000 325 450 650 85,500 118,000 170,500 215 390 600 56,500 102,500 157,500 Test You should spend about 20 minutes on this task The graph below gives information about the preferred leisure activities of Australian children Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information shown You should write at least 150 words Test Write a report describing the information in the graph below You should write at least 150 words You should spend about 20 minutes on this task 28 Test Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information in the graph below You should write at least 150 words Allow yourself 20 minutes for this task Test Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information in the table below 29 You should write at least 150 words Allow yourself 20 minutes for this task Test You should spend about 20 minutes on this task The charts below show the percentage of their food budget the average family spent on restaurant meals in different years The graph shows the number of meals eaten in fast food restaurants and sit-down restaurants You should write at least 150 words Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience 30 Test You should spend about 20 minutes on this task Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information shown below You should write at least 150 words 31 Test The chart below shows information about Heart Attacks by Age and Gender in USA Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant You should write at least 150 words You should spend about 20 minutes on this task Test The chart below shows the amount of money per week spent on fast foods in Britain The graph shows the trends in consumption of fast foods 32 Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information shown below You should write at least 150 words You should spend about 20 minutes on this task Test 10 Write a report describing the information in the graph below You should write at least 150 words You should spend about 20 minutes on this task 33 ... bed bed bed 27 Notting Hill Regent's Park Fulham 375 48 5 738 98,500 127 ,500 1 94, 000 325 45 0 650 85,500 118,000 170,500 21 5 390 600 56,500 1 02, 500 157,500 Test You should spend about 20 minutes... Writing Subject Coordinator/ Lecturer Contact details Nguyễn Phương Lan Approximately class hours per week 2/ 10 12 Tel: 0983 729 979 Email: hoanglan65vn@gmail.com The subject outline contains important... after 4. 00 p.m to suggest a time that we may meet I look forward to your reply Sincerely, Kenneth Beare Enclosure Sample Nguyen Van Nam Lang Trung, Dong Da, Ha Noi Tel: 090 -26 044 8 May 10, 20 01