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MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING THUONGMAI UNIVERSITY  NGUYEN THI VAN ANH DOCTORAL THESIS SUMMARY IMPROVING LECTURER CAPACITY AT UNIVERSITIES UNDER THE MINISTRY OF LABOR, WAR INVALIDS AND SOCIAL AFFAIRS Major: Commercial Business Code: 62.34.01.21 Full name of the scientific supervisors: Assoc Prof., Dr TRAN HUNG Dr NGUYEN HOA Hà Nội – 2019 The thesis was completed at Thuongmai University Full name of the scientific supervisors: Assoc Prof., Dr TRAN HUNG Dr NGUYEN HOA Reviewer 1: ……………………… Reviewer 2: ……………………… Reviewer 3: ……………………… The thesis will be examined by Examination Board of Thuongmai University, at……………… The thesis can be found at: - Thuongmai University - National Library PUBLICATIONS Nguyen Thi Van Anh (2017), Improving the capacity of lecturer at universities in Vietnam in the context of integration, Journal of Finance and Accounting Research ( ISSN 1859-4093), No 06 (167), 2017 Nguyen Thi Van Anh (2017), Application of capacity framework in human resource management at universities, Asia – Pacific Economic Review (ISSN 0868-3808), N o 504, Oct/2017 Nguyen Thi Van Anh (2018), Improving the capacity of university lecturers: International Experience and suggestions for Vietnam, Economy Forecast Review (ISSN 0866-7120), No 20 July/2018 Nguyen Thi Van Anh (2018), Application of ASK model (Attitude – Skill – Knowlede) in assessing lecturer capacity of universities under the Ministry of Labor, War Invalids and Social Affairs, Journal of Education (ISSN 08667476), June/2018 INTRODUCTION THE NECESSSITY OF THE RESEARCH On the way to strive to become an industrialized country towards modernization, to achieve the goal of "wealthy people, strong country, fair, democratic and civilized society", all resources, potentials and creativity of the Vietnamese nation Men must be inspired and liberated However, one of the key factors for the above goal is the quality of higher education (higher education) because in any historical condition, the university is always a fostering, creative and transferring the latest scientific and technological achievements (science and technology), being the leader in the training of a high-quality labor source for the country's industrialization and modernization process Currently, the renovation of education in general, including the reform of higher education in particular is an inevitable trend of global nature Those countries that not innovate or implement unsuccessful educational reforms will lose their competitiveness in the international arena and become further lagged behind On the contrary, countries that have been implementing radical reforms towards a dynamic, modern education are increasingly richer and richer In Vietnam, after many years of efforts to reform and innovate, the contingent of cadres and civil servants (officers and employees) in general and the teaching staff (lecturers) in the university have developed strongly in quality and quantity However, the quantity and quality of teachers at universities under the Ministry of Labor, War Invalids and Social Affairs is still very limited Meanwhile, according to Circular 24/2015 / TT-BGDDT regulating national standards for higher education institutions, Circular No 32/2015 / TT-BGDDT on determining enrollment targets for higher education institutions, Circular 15/2014 / TT-BGDTT on regulations on master's degree training, Circular 09/2017 / TT-BGDDT regulating the conditions for opening doctoral training industry, then lecturers of universities The Ministry of Labor, War Invalids and Social Affairs has not met and it is more difficult to reach autonomy in the upcoming years Thus, with the above urgent challenges at the universities under the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs, the PhD student has chosen the topic: "Improving lecturer capacity at universities under the Ministry of Labor, War Invalids and Social Affairs Assembly" as a doctoral thesis This is really a topic that not only makes sense in theory but is also very relevant to the reality posed to the schools The results of this study will help universities under the Ministry of Labor, War Invalids and Social Affairs to develop sustainably, by 2025, to achieve the level of joint development of domestic universities; by 2030, reaching the average level in Southeast Asia THE OBJECTIVE AND TASKS OF THE DOCTORAL THESIS 2.1 The objective of the doctoral thesis On the basis of systematizing the theory and research of the situation, the thesis will provide some solutions to improve the capacity of lecturers at universities under the Ministry of Labor, War Invalids and Social Affairs until 2025, vision of 2030 The solutions given must meet the requirements to move towards financial autonomy in universities under the Ministry of Labor, War Invalids and Social Affairs and integration of higher education in the world 2.2 Tasks of the doctoral thesis In order to achieve the above objective, the thesis should implement the following research tasks: Firstly, generalize the general reasoning issues about faculty capacity and capacity building of lecturers in universities Clarify the concept of lecturers and concepts of competency, concept of faculty capacity and elements of faculty capacity; Secondly, learn the skills of teaching and experences in some countries around the world and draw lessons to supplement the capacity building of lecturers in universities in Vietnam; Thirdly, analyzing and assessing the situation and results achieved in capacity building of lecturers at universities under the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs, clarifying the influencing factors, limitations; Fourthly, propose solutions and recommendations for capacity building of lecturers at universities under the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs to 2025, vision to 2030 RESEARCH SCOPE AND SUBJECTS 3.1 Research subjects Lecturer capacity and improve the lecturer capacity at universities 3.2 Research scope - About content: The thesis only focuses on the capacity of the fulltime lecturers in universities with the same mission of teaching, scientific research (technology research) and technology transfer (technology transfer) and does not include other teacher's duties - About space scope: The thesis will limit investigation and data collection on lecturer capacity and lecturer capacity improvement at 04 universities under the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs - About time period: The thesis will collect data on lecturer capacity and lecturer capacity improvement in the period from 2012-2013 school year to 2017-2018; solutions for teachers to teach at universities under the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs to 2025, vision to 2030 NEW FINDINGS OF THE THESIS 4.1 New theoretical findings The thesis will systematize the theoretical basis of capacity and lecturer capacity improvement in universities From the experiences on lecturer capacity improvement of some developed countries in the world, the thesis will draw some valuable lessons to apply to improve the lecturer capacity in universities in Vietnam; 4.2 New practical findings The thesis will assess the actual situation of faculty capacity and capacity building of lecturers in universities under MOLISA, showing the limitations and causes of these limitations Research results of the thesis will be the basis for teachers to refer to and improve their knowledge - skills - attitudes In addition, it is the basis for the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs and its affiliated universities to come up with policies to support the training of lecturers in the future, meeting the requirements of international integration CONTENT OF THE THESIS In addition to the introduction, conclusion and references, the thesis consists of chapters: Chapter 1: Literature review and research methodology Chapter 2: Theoretical basis of lecturer capacity and improving lecturer capacity in universities Chapter 3: Current situation of improving lecturer capacity at universities under the Ministry of Labor, War Invalids and Social Affairs Chapter 4: Solutions to improve lecturer capacity at universities under the Ministry of Labor, War Invalids and Social Affairs CHAPTER 1: LITERATURE REVIEW AND RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 1.1 LITERATURE REVIEW Through an overview research, PhD candidate will clarify the researched issues and find the gap in this field In the process of approaching previous research projects, PhD candidate generalized the research works related to the thesis topic in the following two groups: - Firstly, the group of researches on the capacity of lecturers in general - Secondly, group of studies to improve lecturer capacity in universities Through an overview of research materials on lecturer capacity and lecturer capacity improvement above, there is still a lot of room for research Therefore, the thesis identified research opportunities as follows: - Firstly, in the above studies, there has not been any comprehensive, systematic and comprehensive research on capacity and lecturer capacity improvement at the universities under the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs as the topic that the author's project has chosen Therefore, the establishment receives research achievements, continues to add gaps, clarifies theoretical and methodological issues, evaluation criteria, analyzes and evaluates the actual capacity of lecturing capacity Capacity improvement solutions for lecturers at universities under MOLISA are very necessary and have many practical implications - Secondly, the research data of the above studies are no longer topical, the proposed solutions may no longer be suitable to the reality of Vietnam in the current period and difficult to apply for specific universities of MOLISA - Thirdly, the researches to offer capacity improvement solutions for lecturers or the development of lecturers in universities have not given the reason why it is necessary to improve or develop Is there any benefit to universities in terms of capacity building or development of teaching staff? Will the capacity building process of lecturers in universities in general, including universities under the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs help these schools develop sustainably and help the material life of faculty members be raised? - Fourthly, lecturer capacity improvement is not a one-time job, and in the context of knowledge explosion today, this work should be considered as regular and continuous work of the whole system, each school, faculty and each lecturer Therefore, the study of the thesis of the PhD student not only makes sense both in theory and practical meaning for universities under the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs to meet the requirements of international integration Rising from the above gaps, the thesis focuses on researching and answering the following questions: What is lecturer capacity in universities? What are the factors that constitute lecturer capacity in universities? What are the factors influencing lecturer capacity improvement in universities? Can lecturer capacity improvement help universities to develop sustainably in the context of international integration? What is the current situation of lecturer capacity improvement in universities under the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs? What are the solutions of lecturer capacity improvement in universities under the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affair? What are the goals and principles of these solutions? 1.2 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY In order to successfully implement the research objectives set out, this thesis will apply a combination of quantitative methods and qualitative methods to study The qualitative research method is used by the dissertation author to describe and analyze the characteristics of capacity and lecturer capacity improvement in universities The qualitative method is done through the collection of data in the form of documents and decisions (word data), thereby approaching the object of the study to draw conclusions for the thesis To conduct qualitative research, the dissertation conducts discussions and exchanges directly with knowledgeable experts on lecturer capacity improvement in universities Participants in the survey and direct discussion in qualitative research include 10 experts, who are leaders of universities or research institutes, education quality management department Quantitative research was conducted through the use of Cronbach alpha coefficients to test the reliability of variables used to measure faculty competencies as well as lecturers' capacity building The observed variables with correlation coefficient of total variable (ItemTotal Correlation) of less than 0.3 will be eliminated and the standard for selecting scale with Cronbach Alpha is from 0.6 or higher In addition, with this quantitative numerical data, the PhD student will calculate the average indexes from which to assess the situation and provide solutions for lecturer capacity improvement at universities under the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs The goal of the PhD student is to receive a minimum of 61 answers from subjects who are managers, at least 92 answers from subjects who not hold positions and at least 100 students in any form to ensure ensure the accuracy and objectivity of the research Assuming the response rate of the survey letters is 50%, the number of votes sent to the above objects is distributed as follows to ensure the representativeness of the overall study: Table 1: Allocation of survey forms to universities N0 Places University of Labour and Social Affairs Nam Dinh University of Technology Education Vinh University of Technology Education Vinh Long University of Technology Education Total Manager s Lecturers Students 45 70 80 30 45 50 30 45 50 25 30 40 130 190 220 Source: Calculated by the author CHAPTER 2: THEORETICAL BASIS OF LECTURER CAPACITY AND IMPROVING LECTURER CAPACITY IN UNIVERSITIES 2.1 BASIC THEORIES 2.1.1 Lecturer definition In this thesis, the concept of "Lecturer" is construed as follows: Lecturers include highly qualified educators who are recruited and appointed to lecturers, lecturers, associate professors, professors in the payroll of public universities and colleges training institutions or on the list of full-time work at non-public university and college training institutions Teachers have teaching functions research and dissemination of science, organizing pedagogical activities and self-fostering, contributing to training students to become officers, engineers and doctors, to provide high quality human resources for the community 2.1.2 Capacity definition Within the scope of the dissertation's research, PhD student will rely on KSA model to approach the concept of capacity as follows: Competence is understood as an organic combination of knowledge, skills, and attitudes to implement work or deal with a situation, certain state in life and professional labor under specific conditions and certain standards 10 IMPROVE UNIVERSITY LESSONS FOR VIETNAM LECTURER CAPACITY AND 2.5.1 Experiences of some countries in the world 2.5.2 Lessons for Vietnam From the experiences of developed countries, we can draw lessons for universities in Vietnam on lecturer capacity improvement: Firstly, lecturers are always seen as factors that determine the quality of education and training of each higher education institution Wanting a good school requires good teachers Therefore, in order to build prestige, brand, ensure competitiveness in international integration environment, Vietnam's higher education institutions need to pay special attention to capacity building for teachers The first thing is to abolish the "payroll" regime that has created the "averageist" ideology and ideology in the faculty at public universities today The fact that universities soon apply the policy of teaching contracts in combination with the forms of assessment, screening and pay according to capacity will create competition among lecturers, forcing each individual teacher to existence and development must always consciously strive for capacity building to perform tasks to meet the requirements of renewing higher education In addition, the selection of lecturers in higher education institutions has a decisive meaning to the quality of the entire faculty The selection should have common and unified criteria for universities throughout the country Thereby, we need to move to a market for recruiting lecturers smoothly between universities in the same industry and sector The decision on recruitment and scientific resume of the successful lecturer must be publicly disclosed on the website of each university The process of appointing lecturers' titles must be based on clear criteria, reflecting the quality of the honorable title Titles are a key position, not a function Secondly, it is necessary to closely link the implementation of the teaching function with the scientific research function of lecturers; linking scientific research activities of the school with production practices to improve applicability and attract funding for training Universities need to strive for scientific research and technology transfer activities to contribute to improving the scientific level of lecturers, improving the quality of training, and affirming the position and prestige 11 of universities with community The results of national, ministerial or grassroots topics must contribute to solving many social problems Thirdly, the transformation of the management model from "State control" to the model "State supervision" (State supervision) for higher education, giving autonomy and self-responsibility to households The school will create motivation for innovation, improve operational efficiency, promote initiative in management, attract talents to participate in the development of education and training The autonomy of the school must be strengthened, in addition to the plan of building facilities, it is necessary to prepare funds to build and develop the teaching staff Fourthly, develop mechanisms and policies to utilize gray matter to take advantage of "high-class seasonal human resources" In addition to salary income according to the salary scale for civil servants, teaching staff may be entitled to special income from internal and external sources decided by higher education institutions Taking results and achievements of scientific research, teaching achievements of lecturers to assess leadership of higher education institutions Taking teaching staff income is an important criterion for evaluating and ranking universities Fifthly, promoting democracy and giving full autonomy to exercising ownership in higher education institutions Universities promote all their potentials and advantages to proactively strengthen international cooperation on education and training development in order to develop and improve lecturer capacity to the level of intellectuals of developed countries in the region and the world Through international cooperation in many appropriate forms: such as scientific research cooperation, scientific and technological transfer research; cooperating with good scientists in other countries and creating favorable conditions for them to come to Vietnam to teach, research, or send students and students to study abroad to access to the modern science and technology achievements of the world, to graduate after serving the country Thereby, step by step improve the level of science and technology development and the capacity of lecturers in Vietnam's universities to be on a par with the level of developed countries in the region and the world CHAPTER 3: CURRENT SITUATION OF IMPROVING 12 LECTURER CAPACITY AT UNIVERSITIES UNDER THE MINISTRY OF LABOR, WAR INVALIDS AND SOCIAL AFFAIRS 3.1 OVERVIEW OF UNIVERSITIES UNDER MOLISA 3.1.1 The process of formation and development 3.1.2 Structure of age and gender of lecturers 3.1.3 Training scale 3.1.4 Training quality 3.2 BASIC CHARACTERISTICS OF UNIVERSITIES UNDER THE MINISTRY OF LABOR - INVALIDS AND SOCIAL AFFAIRS AND ITS IMPACT ON IMPROVING LECTURER CAPACITY Firstly, the universities under the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs have just been upgraded in the last 10 years, so the teachers' staff is inadequate in quantity and weak in quality Secondly, the capacity of scientific research and technology transfer of lecturers of universities under the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs is still limited Thirdly, the rapid training majors have changed due to the strong development of science and technology 3.3 CURRENT SITUATION OF CAPACITY AND LECTURER CAPACITY AT UNIVERSITIES UNDER MOLISA 3.3.1 Current situation of lecturer capacity 3.3.2 Current situation of improving lecturer capacity 3.3.3 Factors affecting lecturer capacity improvement at universities under the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs 3.4 ASSESSING THE SITUATION OF IMPROVING LECTURER CAPACITY AT UNIVERSITIES UNDER THE MINISTRY OF LABOR, WAR INVALIDS AND SOCIAL AFFAIRS 3.3.1 Achievements Significant achievements have been got in lecturer capacity improvement at universities under the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs: - Firstly, a current lecturer has worked with a reasonable age structure In particular, about 71.4% of lecturers are at the most prolific 13 age in their careers (from 31 to 50 years old) This is a age not too young, experienced and especially enthusiastic and enthusiastic, not afraid of new technology when inertia is not large In addition, to support the development and update of new scientific knowledge, universities under the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs are gradually exploiting highly qualified lecturers and researchers from many large universities or reputable agencies to both teach and support young teachers to improve their capacity - Secondly, having created the initiative in lecturing staff to improve and develop themselves in the future, the teachers have self-awareness and awareness of learning to improve their qualifications to ensure standards of qualifications for a university lecturer The teachers have tried and worked hard to have time to attend classes, seminars, seminars and financially compensate themselves to be able to cover the cost of learning In general, lecturers of universities under the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs determine self-study to have teaching experience, improve their own capacity, meet the development requirements of the school - Thirdly, in the activities of lecturing staff development at schools, the use of lecturers in universities under MOLISA is more appreciated Using teachers who are the right people, the right professional trained, transferred rank, upgraded on time Besides, the schools also create conditions for teachers to maximize their capacity through regular appointing young lecturers to train at prestigious domestic and foreign educational institutions - Fourthly, regarding regimes and remuneration policies for lecturers, all four universities under the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs fully comply with the State regulations on salary and allowance regimes for lecturers In addition, flexible and non-stressful working time is also a form of remuneration for teachers to create the most comfortable for them to contribute to the cause of education of the country - Fifthly, step by step perfecting the inspection, evaluation and supervision of the quality of lecturers are conducted through the lecturing work of lecturers in class, professional meetings of departments or goods The year can be assessed through student feedback, This 14 helps teachers become more aware of their capacity to gain the trust of colleagues and students 3.3.2 Limitations Firstly, the work of developing teaching staff planning is still weak, has not been conducted regularly and continuously, and has not developed and given specific solutions and roadmap for each stage and development period Construction and planning work is not a guideline for training and development activities of each lecturer Secondly, universities under the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs have not yet developed a scientifically feasibility study plan The plan to improve the faculty capacity of the schools is mainly reflected in the units' resolutions and plans, not based on scientific arguments Specifically: the recruitment and use of lecturers are not yet strategic from the requirements of the school's tasks, the selection process is not rational, rotation of cadres lacks bases and facilities; training to improve qualifications is still weak in planning stages including long-term plans and short-term and annual plans, weak in actively contacting and appointing trainers to attend training sessions, passively wait for training and retraining classes of organizations outside the school or training centers Thirdly, universities under the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs have not developed and issued a "Competency Framework for lecturers" A teacher must ensure what standards of competence (knowledge, skills, attitudes) are the basis for recruitment and job placement This is also the goal for the teachers to strive to achieve the standards (faculty rank) of the title of professors teaching in public higher education institutions When teachers not meet the prescribed standards, they must change their positions or plan to participate in appropriate training and retraining courses Fourthly, the evaluation and supervision of the quality of lecturers are sometimes even more rational and average The evaluation methods are not diverse, not fully appreciate the faculty's activities Mainly evaluating through emulation and reward at the end of the school year In addition, it is assessed through the consultation of students for some lecturers, sometimes not objective and fair It is also confused between the evaluation of teachers and the evaluation according to the emulation 15 criteria at the end of year Moreover, the review and evaluation of current lecturers in the schools are not based on the standard of faculty capacity but also in many forms and not encouraging the motivation for the teaching staff to improve capacity Fifthly, the salary and wages policy to attract talents of the universities under the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs is still limited, not paying attention to the material life of lecturers, thus not motivating teachers to improve their capacity, not satisfying the needs of some lecturers, especially low-income faculty There is no suitable financial mechanism to encourage lecturers to participate in scientific research topics, innovations and technological improvements that contribute to improving the income of lecturers Sixthly, the facilities for teaching, learning and scientific research of universities under MOLISA are limited This creates certain difficulties for the teachers to fulfill their capabilities 3.3.3 Causes of limitations - The work of developing lecturing staff planning is still weak, has not been carried out regularly, has not given specific solutions and roadmap for each stage and development period because the cause of this problem is due to the The university under the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs has not developed and identified the "target tree", so there is no clear and specific orientation for each stage In addition, an objective reason beyond the school's ability is the policy of the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs Many times, the school wants to build a recruitment strategy to develop lecturing staff, but it still has problems with staffing from the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs - The recruitment and use of lecturers is still limited because of the weakness of professional capacity of the advisory staff at the Administrative Organization Department, Training Department or due to professional qualifications , capacity but lack of enthusiasm and transparency in the work of these departments Moreover, the recruitment decision still focuses on the principals' power, so it has not promoted the autonomy and self-responsibility of the Faculties and Faculties at all levels, not uniform in the organization leading to quality Instructors' inputs are sometimes limited 16 - Universities under the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs have not yet developed and issued a framework of competencies for trainers because this is a new issue, but it should be discussed how to fit the school's reality Even universities that are prestigious and longterm in Vietnam are not yet available, so it is difficult for universities under the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs to learn experiences - The evaluation of the quality control and supervision of lecturers of the universities under the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs is still rational, on average, the assessment methods are not diversified, not fully appreciate the activities of the teaching The reason for not applying science and technology to the assessment of lecturers, has not learned the experience of assessing lecturers of major universities in the world and there is a confusion between assessing faculty capacity with evaluate according to emulation criteria at the end of the school year - The cause of the salary and remuneration policies at universities under the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs is still limited, the material life of teachers is still difficult, especially the group of lowincome lecturers; The facilities for teaching, learning and scientific research of the universities under the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs are often degraded and backward due to the general difficulties of the State budget source, the fee is still low being controlled under the Government's Decree No 49/2010 / ND-CP dated May 14, 2010, schools cannot arbitrarily increase the tuition fees to compensate In addition, other sources of income from the science and technology services of the schools are not significant, the leaders of the schools have not really tried to practice thrift, fight wastefulness, promote the inherent internal resources of the school to increase income for lecturers CHAPTER 4: SOLUTIONS TO IMPROVE LECTURER CAPACITY AT UNIVERSITIES UNDER THE MINISTRY OF 17 LABOR, WAR INVALIDS AND SOCIAL AFFAIRS 4.1 CONTEXT OF VIETNAMESE HIGHER EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT ORIENTATION OF UNIVERSITIES UNDER MOLISA 4.1.1 Current context of higher education in Vietnam 4.1.2 Development orientation of universities under Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs to 2025 vision 2030 4.2 OBJECTIVES AND PRINCIPLES TO IMPROVE LECTURER CAPACITY AT UNIVERSITIES UNDER MOLISA 4.2.1 Objectives to improve lecturer capacity - Creating sustainable development for schools: Currently, even with developed countries with advanced education, there are huge changes in the pressure of globalization The movement of students studying abroad and exporting higher education is becoming a popular trend, especially in Europe Students have been considered a special "customer" form and higher education is considered a "higher education market" This has a strong impact on the education of developing countries, not yet competitive but abundant potential like Vietnam The key to solving all these urgent problems is the people of universities, in which lecturing staff is the core value of all work to be done When there are good, qualified and highly qualified lecturers will contribute to creating good training programs, equivalent to international standards At that time, learners will definitely consider the cost of expensive training when studying abroad with lower costs when studying in the country but the quality of training is equivalent In addition, when having a qualified and highly qualified faculty member, there will be many quality scientific research products, many international publications published in prestigious magazines will contribute to creating more reputation for the schools The transfer of technology from scientific research results can bring a certain amount of funding to schools to reinvest in scientific research and spacious facilities, better serve teaching activities Thus, if the universities under the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs have a high-quality faculty, they will gain the trust of the 18 society, the students' confidence in the quality of training as well as training programs, ensuring the scale enrollment and affirm the position in the national education system for sustainable development - Improving the quality of training, meeting the requirements of the 4th industrial revolution: The 4th industrial revolution is the revolution of smart production based on new technological breakthroughs in the fields such as artificial intelligence, Robotics, Internet of Things, 3D printing technology, nanotechnology, biotechnology, material science, energy storage and quantum computing, on a foundation basis network number All areas of social life, including education and training systems, will be strongly affected by it Therefore, to meet the requirements of the new era, the universities under MOLISA need to innovate to keep up with the trend of digital technology Each lecturer must constantly update new knowledge and new technologies for his capacity building to be able to innovative teaching and learning methods to meet the needs of students - Increase income, improve the quality of life for teachers In the near future, when the universities under the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs approach financial autonomy, the school will decide itself in its financial work Good, qualified and highly qualified lecturers will surely be paid in accordance with their position without following the current salary-rake mechanism In contrast, weak faculty will soon be relocated or forced to resign Therefore, teachers must be aware of capacity building for themselves to meet the work requirements and improve income, improve the quality of life 4.2.2 Principles to improve faculty capacity - Ensuring systemality: In order to improve lecturer capacity, it is not only possible to implement a solution but must implement a system of solutions, the system of these solutions is determined on the general theoretical framework of human resource development of higher education The operation of each solution must ensure in an interactive, interconnected, mutually supportive relationship in a unified whole to bring the system's optimal performance In other words, the proposed solutions must be implemented in a synchronous and systematic manner to create a change in lecturing staff in the direction of ensuring the quantity and quality, meeting the development requirements of the 19 school according to vision to 2030 - Ensuring practicality: The resources of each university under the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs are limited, so the lecturer capacity improvement cannot avoid the constraints and obstacles on responsiveness on such aspects as: human resources , finance, mechanism, policy, Therefore, the selected solutions must be derived from practical requirements, ranked in order of priority to solve shortcomings and limitations of teachers On the other hand, the introduction of capacity building solutions for lecturers in the universities under the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs must stem from the needs and orientation of the socio-economic development, meeting the requirements of improving the quality of training , renovating higher education and international integration - Ensuring inheritance: Universities under the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs have long-term development process, undergoing development process with their own characteristics, the schools have also implemented many solutions for capacity building for teachers Therefore, the solutions are proposed on the basis of considering and inheriting the achievements achieved in practice This principle is also reflected in the inheritance of the existing research results, the application of the achievements of the science of education management, the update of modernity of the era, the application of information technology in improving lecturer capacity - Ensuring efficiency: The solutions of lecturer capacity improvement at universities under the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs when being implemented must effectively bring efficiency to contribute to improving the quality of training, asserting the brand of the school and contributing part improving the teacher's income When selecting a specific solution, it is necessary to determine the results that the solution brings and the cost to implement the solution, and at the same time take into account the social, environmental, policy of the State, to achieve optimal efficiency 4.3 SOLUTIONS TO IMPROVE LECTURER CAPACITY AT UNIVERSITIES UNDER THE MINISTRY OF LABOR, INVALIDS 20 AND SOCIAL AFFAIRS 4.3.1 Group of solutions on mechanisms and policies - Completing planning work - Complete recruitment and use of lecturers - Develop reasonable remuneration policies 4.3.2 Group of solutions for skills - Develop a professional competency framework - Organize training and retraining to improve the capacity of lecturers - Strengthen the inspection and evaluation of lecturers - Strengthening cooperation programs at home and abroad 4.3.3 Other solutions - Applying science and technology to management activities in functional departments - Strengthening facilities for teaching - Strengthening the role of mass organizations - Enhance the performance of the school Web site 4.4 CONDITIONS FOR FEASIBLE IMPLEMENTATION OF SOLUTIONS TO IMPROVE LECTURER CAPACITY IN UNIVERSITIES UNDER MOLISA 4.4.1 For State agencies In recent years, the State has been very interested in development of Vietnamese education in general and higher education in particular So far, the State has built a basic and relatively complete legal system to regulate relations in the field of higher education including laws in Education Law, Higher Education Law , Law on Public Employees, and in Decrees, Decisions, Regulations and Circulars, legal documents guiding the career of higher education However, because the situation has changed, some legal documents issued are no longer relevant, becoming obsolete or causing difficulties for the development of higher education in general and of universities under Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs in particular Therefore, the State should direct through two specialized agencies, namely the Ministry of Education and Training, the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs, to study and propose the following decisions / documents: 21 - Issuing documents on state management of lecturers' labor norms in teaching and scientific research, especially when they have converted to credit training Thereby, instructing the construction universities to stipulate the responsibilities, duties of lecturers and internal norms regulations at the units - Ministry of Education and Training, as the main body, is responsible for researching, developing and promulgating university lecturer capacity framework, which is the basis for implementing lecturers' quality and training quality in schools - Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs as a managing agency needs to increase autonomy for principals of affiliated universities, allowing principals to annually determine the number of payrolls, decide to pay salaries for teachers according to the ability strength and contribution level of each lecturer Requires schools to quickly move to autonomy, first of all as a project of financial autonomy 4.3.2 For universities under MOLISA - It is necessary to use human resource management approach and capacity approach in lecturing capacity building These are strategic approaches and are suitable to the development trend of the era, meeting the requirements of training high quality human resources for industrialization and modernization of the country and international integration - Periodically organize scientific seminars on capacity improvement with the participation of relevant agencies, scientists, managers and lecturers to gather the wisdom of scientists and managers for this urgent task - Strengthening cooperative activities between schools and enterprises in the field of training, scientific research and technology transfer, fostering practical and practical knowledge for lecturers, creating areas for interns, - Establishing a research and application technology transfer center in the school to create conditions for lecturers and students to acquire and update new technologies; linking the implementation of teaching functions with scientific research of lecturers to improve the quality of training - Additional training programs of international standards, in the short term, may invite domestic and foreign experts to teach Then, ask the teachers in universities to have their own pathway to meet the 22 requirements of this advanced program 4.3.3 For university lecturers First of all, lecturing staff in universities under the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs need to determine the capacity building and improvement is an indispensable requirement, both a responsibility and a professional ethics and a matter of deciding the working position credibility of students, colleagues and managers, need to avoid peace of mind and satisfy what you have Next, lecturing staff need to determine the learning and training to improve their professional competence is the task throughout their professional life Regularly training, self-training, improving the level, knowledge and skills are considered essential, because all management measures will not achieve the desired results if the lecturers themselves not attempt to so professional competence Management tools, in the end, cannot replace each teacher's own efforts Moreover, the knowledge of mankind is always supplemented and refreshed, if not catch up with the strong development trend of knowledge and technology in general and in the field of education and training in particular, lecturers will be on become obsolete, even eliminated In addition, in order to improve their teaching and scientific research capacity, each lecturer needs to determine the professional characteristics he / she is in charge of, and to select the appropriate teaching method with the expertise, with each knowledge unit belonging to that specialty; capture the characteristics, interests and adaptability of learners with different teaching methods; regularly approach the trends of the times in learning, education and training Teachers' teaching skills must be flexible, not only at the transfer of knowledge but also to foster industry skills to After-school learners can work immediately, meeting the needs of society Each trainer considers scientific research and technology transfer as a driving force for himself / herself to improve Finally, the love of career, enthusiasm and responsibility for students are indispensable factors in the process of self-training, retraining, teaching and researching science of each lecturer CONCLUSION 23 Globalization is an objective trend, affecting all countries including Vietnam This trend has created opportunities and challenges for the country's socio-economic development process Therefore, in order to achieve the goal of "Rich people, strong country, democracy, fairness and civilization", all resources, potentials and creativity of the Vietnamese nation must be evoked and liberated However, one of the key factors for the above goal is the quality of higher education because in any historical condition, the university is always an environment to foster, create and transfer scientific achievements and the latest technology, is the leader in training to produce high quality labor resources for the process of industrialization and modernization of the country Currently, universities under the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs are responsible for training cadres on social work, vocational teachers, technical workers, for the Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs in particular and the society in general In terms of scale as well as qualifications of lecturers of universities under MOLISA, they are small in number, weak in quality, have not reached the average level of the whole country and are far from the standard of universities in ASEAN Therefore, in order to meet the requirements of the new period and improve the quality of training, schools need to implement capacity building measures for lecturers - core forces, decide training programs and training quality Based on the explanations and statistical data collected, the research topic "Improving lecturer capacity of Universities under the Ministry of Labor, War Invalids and Social Affairs" has conducted analysis and reached some key results are as follows: The thesis has systematized and clarified basic issues of capacity and capacity building of faculty; factors affecting capacity building of lecturers in universities The dissertation explores the experience of lecturer capacity improvement in some countries in the world so as to give some lessons for universities in Vietnam The thesis presents an overview of the formation and development of universities of MOLISA and analysis of training scale and training quality of universities under MOLISA so that they can find out the basic characteristics affect the lecturer capacity improvement 24 The thesis has surveyed and investigated to know the status of capacity and lecturer capacity improvement at universities Thereby, the thesis evaluates the achieved results, limitations and causes of limitations The thesis has pointed out the development orientation of universities under Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs to 2025, vision to 2030 Moreover, in order to provide solutions for lecturers, the thesis has proposed objectives and principles of perfection This is a basic premise to achieve the research purpose of the thesis The thesis has achieved the most basic goal of providing capacity building solutions for lecturers in the universities under the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs in three groups of solutions: group of mechanisms and policies; Group of solutions for professional and professional skills; Other solutions The proposed solution groups are based on science and practice Each of these solutions is new, inherited, practical, synchronous and makes full use of the development of science and technology and is consistent with the reality of the school The thesis has proposed a number of recommendations to well implement and promote the effectiveness of the above solutions, which are recommendations for state management agencies; for universities under MOLISA; for lecturers in universities Finally, the greatest expectation of the author is that all the research in the thesis will help open a research direction to develop and perfect the theory of capacity and individual capacity building in the institutions mandate - organization During the research process, the author cannot avoid certain shortcomings Therefore, the author is looking forward to the contribution of teachers, scientists, colleagues to make the thesis more complete, valuable in theory and practical ... targets for higher education institutions, Circular 15/2014 / TT- BGDTT on regulations on master's degree training, Circular 09/2017 / TT- BGDDT regulating the conditions for opening doctoral training... Vietnam, Economy Forecast Review (ISSN 0866-7120), No 20 July/2018 Nguyen Thi Van Anh (2018), Application of ASK model (Attitude – Skill – Knowlede) in assessing lecturer capacity of universities under... limited Meanwhile, according to Circular 24/2015 / TT- BGDDT regulating national standards for higher education institutions, Circular No 32/2015 / TT- BGDDT on determining enrollment targets for higher