Kiến thức và thực hành về sử dụng thuốc lá ở cán bộ văn phòng tại Trường Đại học Y Yangon_ KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICE OF TOBACCO USE AMONG HOUSE OFFICERS IN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE YANGON

Kiến thức và thực hành về sử dụng thuốc lá ở cán bộ văn phòng tại Trường Đại học Y Yangon_ KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICE OF TOBACCO USE AMONG HOUSE OFFICERS IN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE YANGON1.Introduction All over the world, noncommunicable diseases are becoming major public health problem Tobacco use, one of major risk factor for NCD, become one of the greatest public health threats for the 21st century (WHO, 2002)It is considered to be a leading preventable premature cause of death all over the worldHealth professions have an important role in the fight against tobacco useTobacco use in health professions becomes a main hindrance in counseling to patients against using tobacco2.ObjectivesGeneral ObjectiveTo study knowledge and practice of tobacco use among house officers in University of Medicine (2), Yangon in 2012Specific Objectives1. To estimate the proportion of smoking and betel chewing with tobacco among the study population2. To assess knowledge on tobacco use among the study population3. To find out the factors associated with knowledge of tobacco use among the study population4. To find out the factors associated with practice of tobacco use among the study population3.Research Methodology3.1.Study design Crosssectional descriptive study 3.2.Study area Teaching Hospitals under the University of Medicine (2), Yangon3.3.Study period From September to November, 20123.4.Study population all house officers under theUniversity of Medicine (2), Yangon3.5.Sample size determination n = z2 p q d2 n = sample size z = reliability coefficient at 95% confidence levelp= 0.1 (prevalence of medical doctors’ tobacco use in Myanmar was 10%, According to the study of “Myanmar Medical Doctor’s Tobacco Use Survey” in 2003)q = 0.9d = margin of error = 0.05n = (1.96) x (1.96) x (0.1) x (0.9) (0.05) x (0.05) = 138For nonresponse rate, 10% of sample size was added to calculated sample size.Therefore final sample size was 150 participants

KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICE OF TOBACCO USE AMONG HOUSE OFFICERS IN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE (2), YANGON Dr Thida Aung Lecturer Department Of Population And Family Health University of Public Health, Yangon 1 1.Introduction  All over the world, non-communicable diseases are becoming major public health problem  Tobacco use, one of major risk factor for NCD, become one of the greatest public health threats for the st 21 century (WHO, 2002)  It is considered to be a leading preventable premature cause of death all over the world  Health professions have an important role in the fight against tobacco use  Tobacco use in health professions becomes a main hindrance in counseling to patients against using tobacco   2 2.Objectives  General Objective  To study knowledge and practice of tobacco use among house officers in University of Medicine (2), Yangon in 2012  Specific Objectives 1 To estimate the proportion of smoking and betel chewing with tobacco among the study population 2 To assess knowledge on tobacco use among the study population 3 To find out the factors associated with knowledge of tobacco use among the study population 4 To find out the factors associated with practice of tobacco use among the study population 3 3.Research Methodology  3.1.Study design - Cross-sectional descriptive study  3.2.Study area - Teaching Hospitals under the Yangon  3.3.Study period - From September to November,  3.4.Study population- all house officers under the University of Medicine (2), 2012 University of Medicine (2), Yangon 4 3.5.Sample size determination n = z2 p q /d2 n = sample size z = reliability co-efficient at 95% confidence level  p= 0.1 (prevalence of medical doctors’ tobacco use in Myanmar was 10%, According to the study of “Myanmar Medical Doctor’s Tobacco Use Survey” in 2003)      q = 0.9 d = margin of error = 0.05 n = (1.96) x (1.96) x (0.1) x (0.9) / (0.05) x (0.05) = 138 For non-response rate, 10% of sample size was added to calculated sample size Therefore final sample size was 150 participants 5 3.6.Sampling procedure 6 3.7.Data collection methods and tools Face to face interview was conducted by using a set of semi-structured questionnaires that were pre-tested in Sanpya General Hospital 3.8.Data management and analysis Data entry After editing and cleaning the data collected from respondents, the collected data were entered by Epi-Data version 3.1software Data analysis The data analysis were done by using SPSS 16.0 software α was set at 0.05 for statistical significant 7 3.9 Ethical Consideration  Protocol was submitted to Ethical board of the University of Public Health for permission to conduct the presented study  Written informed consent with thorough explanation about the study to the participants was obtained 8 4.Findings 4.1 Socio demographic characteristic of house officers  Among 150 respondents, 76 (50.7%)were male and Mean age of respondents was (22.82) years and (SD-1.23)  Most of the respondents were Bamar (75.9%) and Buddhist (93%)  Main sources of information on health effects of tobacco were from radio/TV (80.7%) The least frequent (58.7%) was from poster and pamphlets  Only one-third of the respondents (39%) received training in tobacco cessation approaches during medical school 9 0.7 0.6 0.66 50.70% 0.5 0.4 0.3 26% 22.70% smoking status betel chewing with tobacco status 22.70% 21% 0.2 0.1 2%2.00% 0 Figure (1)Status of smoking and betel chewing with tobacco among house officers’ parents, family members and friends 10 Knowledge on restrictions of smoking in hospital and medical school buildings 88 90 80 Percent 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 of response 5.3 0.7 2.7 3.3 Restrictions of smoking in hospital and medical school buildings Figure (2) Knowledge on restrictions of smoking in hospital and medical school buildings 14  Regarding to knowledge level, 71 (47.3%) were low knowledge while 79 (52.7%) were high knowledge about tobacco use  (Knowledge score equal to and above median was assumed as high knowledge) 15 4.3 Practice on Tobacco use 13 2 21.4 63.6 Never smokers Non-current smoker Current smokers Ex-smoker Figure (3)Different types of smokers among house officers 16 Never betel chewer Current betel chewer Figure (4)Different types of betel chewers (Smokeless tobacco users) among house officers 17  More than half of current smokers (59.4%)and betel chewers (50%)started to use between their ages of 18 to 21 years  The main initiations for tobacco use were found that for trial and peer pressure  56.2% of current smoker bought cigarette in loose form, 21.9% bought from hospital canteen and 31.2% smoked in their duty room  nearly half of current smokers (43.8%) smoked daily and (56.2%) chewed betel quid daily  Regarding to cessation practice of tobacco use, 71.9% of current smokers and 56.2% of current betel chewers had desire to quit  The common reasons for cessation practice of tobacco use were health reason and oral hygiene 18  The smoking habit of respondents was associated with gender and friends’ behaviours (42.1% vs 0%, p =0.000) and (28.3% vs 7.8%, p=0.004)  The same results occurred that the betel chewing habit of respondents was associated with gender and friends’ behaviours (21.1% vs 0%, p=0.000) and (19.4% vs 1.4%, p =0.000) 19 4.4 Practice of giving Health education and advice to quit tobacco use to the patients  More respondents gave health education and advice to quit smoking than betel chewing (74.7% vs 54.7%)  There was significantly association between their current tobacco use and practice of giving health education (43.8%, vs 86.4%, p=0.000)  The current tobacco users less advised to quit tobacco use than non-current tobacco users (50% vs 81.4%, p=0.000) 20 5 Discussion  Only 39% of the respondents received training in tobacco cessation approaches during medical school  It may be due to other respondents didn’t remember whether they received or not this training (recall bias)  proportion of male current smokers in this study was increased than the finding of GHPSS in 2009 but the same result in female respondents (Male = 42% vs 23.6% and Female = 0% vs 1.1% )  proportion of male current smokeless tobacco users in this study was not so much different from the finding of GHPSS in 2009 (Male = 21.1% vs 22.5% and Female = 0% vs 0.7% ) 21 6 Conclusion  It was found that 21.4%were currents smokers(male- 42% vs female- 0%)and 10.7% were current smokeless tobacco users (male- 21.1% vs female- 0%)  Out of them, 71.9% of current smokers and 56.2% of current betel chewers had ever tried to quit  Most of current tobacco users had a perception that doctor should not use tobacco and should be role model for cessation of tobacco  Most of current smokers had good knowledge on tobacco hazards and tobacco control activities but they did not come into daily practice and still had become current tobacco users 22 7 Recommendation  Anti-tobacco health curriculum should be strengthen in middle and 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REFERENCES CITED  Nyo-Nyo-Kyaing, Nyi-Nyi-Latt, Tin-Tun-Aung, Kyawt-San-Lwin 2004, Tobacco use Prevalence Study, Department of Health, Ministry of Health, Myanmar  Nyo-Nyo-Kyaing, Perucic, A-M.,... house officers in University of Medicine (2), Yangon in 2012  Specific Objectives To estimate the proportion of smoking and betel chewing with tobacco among the study population To assess knowledge. .. 3.4.Study population- all house officers under the University of Medicine (2), 2012 University of Medicine (2), Yangon 3.5.Sample size determination n = z2 p q /d2 n = sample size z = reliability co-efficient