Why don’t we + infinitive EX: Why don’t we walk to the station?. Verb + gerund V-ing Some expressions followed by a gerund V-ing: bear... A gerund is also used after phrasal verbs or p
Trang 1TRƯỜNG THCS TRẦN VĂN ƠN –QUẬN 1
TỔ NGOẠI NGỮ
Ngữ pháp căn bản tiếng Anh lớp 9
* Structures (Cấu trúc câu)
I Used to (Đã từng)
1 Affirmative
S+ used to + bare infinitive
EX: My father used to be a high school teacher
2 Negative
S + didn’t + use to + bare infinitive
EX: We didn’t use to go to school by bus, but now we do
3 Questions
(Wh-word) + Did + S + use to + bare infinitive?
EX: Where did you use to live when you were a child?
II Be / Get + used to + Noun / V-ing (Quen với)
EX: Mr.Brown has lived in Vietnam for 5 years He is used to the hot weather here
Mr.Lam is a farmer He gets used to getting up early
III S + be + used + to + infinitive
(được dùng để)
EX: This knife is used for cutting meat It is used to cut meat
IV It’s time + S + past subjunctive
EX: It’s time you studied your lessons
It’s midnight It’s time we went home
V I’d rather + S + past subjunctive
EX: I’d rather you cooked dinner
I’d rather he didn’t go
VI Sentence structures with Wish and If only (giá mà, ước gì)
1 For present actions (hành động ở hiện tại)
S1 + wish + S2 + unreal past _ V + ed
If only + S + unreal past _ V2
_ Be were _ Can could
( Sau wish dùng ở quá khứ)
EX: I can’t speak Chinese
I wish
If only
Lan doesn’t understand the Grammar lesson
She wishes she
If only she
I could speak Chinese
understood the Grammar lesson
Trang 22 For future actions (hành động ở tương lai)
S1 + wish + S2 would / could
If only + S were going to
EX: We are going to do a test tomorrow
We wish we
If only we
Tom won’t come with us on the trip to the countryside
We wish he
If only he
VII Adjectives + that + clause
Ashamed
Sorry
Afraid
Disappointed
EX: I’m afraid that I can’t join the trip to the zoo with you tomorrow
Tom is sure that he will win
S + be + important + that + S + should + infinitive
essential V (base form)(present subjunctive)
necessary
anxious
EX: It’s necessary that she (should) do her duty
VIII Conditional sentences (câu điều kiện)
1 Type 1 (tương lai có thể xảy ra)
* present continuous
EX: Tom will pass the final exam if he studies harder
2 Type 2 (hiện tại không có thật)
Could
Might
EX: If my mother were here now, she would help me
IX Making suggestions
1 Suggest + V-ing
EX: I suggested walking to the station
2 S1 + suggest + that + S2 + should + infinitive
weren’t going to do a test tomorrow
would come with us on the trip to the countryside
that + clause
+ infinitive
+ infinitive
Trang 3EX: I suggested that we should walk to the station
3 Why don’t we + infinitive
EX: Why don’t we walk to the station?
4 Shall we + infinitive…?
Let’s + infinitive…
EX: Shall we walk to the station?
Let’s walk to the station
5 What about + V-ing…?
How about + V-ing…?
EX: What about walking to the station?
How about walking to the station?
X VERBS + TO-INFINITIVE/GERUND
threaten
Some expressions followed by a to-infinitive:
anxious…
- would like / love / hate / prefer
- It + be + adj +to-infinitive
E.g.: - We decided to take a taxi home
- The children promise not to make so much noise
2 Verb + gerund (V-ing)
Some expressions followed by a gerund (V-ing):
bear
Trang 4-have trouble / difficulty (in)
e.g.: - I enjoy playing football
A gerund is also used after phrasal verbs or prepositions
E.g.: - My brother gave up smoking a few years ago
3 Verb + to-infinitive / gerund (không có sự thay đổi về nghĩa)
The verbs begin, start, and continue can be followed by either form and there is no
change in meaning
E.g.: - It began raining / to rain as I was about to leave
The verbs like, love, dislike, hate can also be followed by either form of verb and
there can be a small difference in meaning (hơi khác về nghĩa)
“Like to do” có nghĩa là làm 1 điều gì đó là tốt nhưng không nhất thiết phải thích
“Like doing” mang ý nghĩa “thích làm điều gì đó”
E.g.: - I like to take a nap after lunch
- I like listening to classical music
“Hate doing” được dung thông dụng hơn, ngoại trừ cấu trúc “I hate to tell you this,
but…”
E.g.: - I hate being kept waiting
- I hate to tell you this, but we’ve missed the last bus!
4 Verb + to-infinitive / gerund (đổi ý nghĩa)
4.1 Stop
Stop doing sth: ngừng làm 1 việc gì
E.g.: - As the teacher entered the room, the students stopped talking and stood up
Stop to do sth: ngừng 1 việc này để bắt tay vào làm việc khác
E.g.: - It’s already 11:30 Let’s stop to have lunch
4.2 Try
Try to do sth: cố gắng
E.g.: - You must try to overcome your shyness and speak up
Trang 5Try doing sth: thử làm
E.g.: - Why don’t you try calling her again, using the new code?
4.3 Remember: nhớ
Remember to do sth: nhớ làm điều gì
E.g.: - Remember to give him my message
Remember doing sth: nhớ lại sự việc đã qua
E.g.: - I remember telling you I’m busy today
4.4 Forget: quên
Forget to do sth: quên làm điều gì
E.g.: - He didn’t forget to lock the door last night as usual
Forget doing sth: chỉ dùng trong nghĩa phủ định, thường đứng sau ‘will never
forget’ (1 hồi ức ở quá khứ)
E.g.: - I’ll never forget queuing for hours to buy some meat
4.5 Regret: hối tiếc
Regret to tell: lấy làm tiếc khi thông báo
E.g.: - I regret to tell you that the trip has been cancelled
Regret doing sth: hối tiếc sự việc đã qua
E.g.: - Jane regrets leaving school so early
5 Verb + Gerund / Obj + To inf
encourage
6 Verb + bare – infinitive
Make sb do sth
Have sb do sth
Let sb do sth