The high standard of living, which the people of many countries now enjoy, has resulted in a huge increase in waste material.. The high standard of living, which the people of many count
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LESSON 1 – January 27 th , 2016
A Complete the blanks with the verbs go, come, reach or get
better a decision to terms with into trouble dark to sleep rid of ready
the sack in handy revenge red an agreement lost the job on sb’s nerves
off sb's back down to business over the top even with
B Complete the sentences w ith the collocations / expressions in the list below
Use each one only once
in somebody's shoes - on top of - in search of - on the safe side –
in charge of - in trouble with
1 Mr Johnson is the company’s marketing department
2 People who systematically cheat the tax system will one day be …………the
Tax Department
3 The doctor insisted that I should be given a thorough check-up just to be…………
4 The children wandered around the neighbourhood their lost dog
5 Nobody would want to be………… , not with all those debts he has to pay off
6.After weeks of hard work, Kevin was confident he was finally…… the situation
C Phrasal Verbs Read the sentences on the left and replace the phrasal verbs
with their similar words or phrases in the list below
stop by, visit - inherit - find by chance - regain consciousness -
be taken ill with - think of and suggest
I COME
1 While cleaning the basement, I came across something I thought I had lost years
ago
2 Joe came into a lot of money, which changed his life completely
3 Why doesn’t Julie come round to our place anymore?
4 The scientists took months to come up with a solution to their problem
5 Richard came down with a bad cold the day before his exams
6 It took the woman a few minutes to come round / to after she had fainted
II GO
move / travel around, visit - match - explode - start sth - continue doing -
turn sour, start to decay - examine / discuss in detail - suffer - happen
1 They decided to go ahead with their trip despite the bad weather conditions
2 Once you have finished cleaning, you can go on with your job
3 The doctor wanted to go over the test results with his patient
4 That tie goes with your suit nicely
5 Luckily no one was injured when the bomb went off
6 While visiting Rome, we went round all the major archaeological sites
7 The child went through a lot before recovering completely
8 The milk went off after only an hour in the scorching heat
9 What’s going on in there? Open the door!
III BE
leave – support, in favour of – end – be ready to –
be shown / performed – do (usually sth wrong)
1 What's on this weekend at the theatre?
2 We were promised that the hard times would be over soon
3 I was about to leave home when some unexpected visitors arrived
4 I'm for the mayor's plan to relocate the town hall
5 What are the boys up to? Don’t tell me they’re ruining the garden again!
6 I must be off now My parents are expecting me for dinner
D Grammar Revision (Tenses)
Read the text below and complete each blank w ith one word All missing words
are auxiliary verbs (is, was, have, has, had, do, does, did, etc.)
My life (1) improved a lot since last year You see, before that I (2) been working in the same job for five years and I (3) beginning to feel rather bored I (4) getting ready to apply for another job when one day my boss called me into her office "Our company (5) planning to expand overseas," she said "We (6) thinking of starting with Spain, therefore we will (7) needing some of our best employees to support our new branch there (8) you think you would be interested in a transfer?" Naturally I accepted, although at the time I (9) not know that they (10) also going to promote me to assistant manager By the end of this month, I will have (11) living in Madrid for a year You can't imagine how exciting my life (12) become
E Put the verbs in brackets into the Past Simple, Past Progressive, Present Perfect Simple or Present Perfect Progressive and complete the boxes w ith the time words below Use each time word only once
for – while – yet – still – when – ago – already – since
Q1 Mary (have) a bath yesterday evening, I was in the kitchen
I (cook) her favourite dish because I (want) to surprise her
……….she (come) into the kitchen, she couldn't believe her eyes!
Q2 Jim: Mum, I (look) for my black belt the past hour and I
(not find) it .you (see) it anywhere?
Mother: No, but I think you (lend) it to your brother about a week Jim:Oh,you're right.He (not give) it back to me.I bet he
(wear) it all week Where is he now, Mum?
Mother: I'm afraid Mark .(leave) He (get) up about an hour
before you (do)
Q3 I .(work) on this project this morning but I (not
finish) it What am I going to tell my boss?
F READING 1 Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each space Use only one word in each space
MONEY
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There is no doubt that money, in the form that we know it today (1) what
keeps modern economic life functioning Yet, throughout history, money, in
whatever form, has provided people (2) the ability to buy (3) sell
goods
Thousands of years (4) , civilisations (5) to rely on the barter
system as a way of exchanging goods Within this system a person had to exchange
one thing for another This meant that the two parties involved had to (6) an
agreement as to what they thought their products were worth Items such (7)
wheat, tobacco and livestock have all been used as money at one time or another It
was not until much later that humans came up (8) the idea of money in the
form of metal coins So why (9) the barter system come to an end? The
answer is simple Coins were much easier to handle and carry around Since then, the
use of coins has become widespread It has made commerce simpler and has given
countries an opportunity (10) development by doing business with other
countries further afield, which they (11) never done business with before
In recent years, paper money has become more common all over the world, as it is
easier to use It (12) not be long, however, before plastic cards take over
completely, replacing coins and paper money
READING 2 A Read the text below and decide which answer A, B, C or D best
fits each space
FINDING EMPLOYMENT
My first (1) was as a sales (2) at a large department store I wanted to work
part-time, because I was still studying (3) university and I was only (4) to
work a few nights a week
I came (5) the advertisement in the local newspaper I remember the interview
as though (6) were yesterday The personnel manager sat behind a large desk
He asked me various questions which surprised me because all I wanted was to work
in sales An hour later, I was told that I had got the job and was given a contract to
go (7) I was to be trained for ten days before I took my post Also, as a
member of (8) I was entitled to some benefits, including discounts
When I eventually started, I was responsible (9) the toy section I really
enjoyed it there and I loved demonstrating the different toys I was surprised at how
friendly my (10) were, too They made working there fun even when we had to
(11) .customers who (12) on our nerves On the whole, working there
was a great experience which I will never forget
1 A occupation B job C work D employment
2 A employee B attendant C officer D assistant
4 A excellent B able C proud D experienced
5 A across B into C on D round
10 A assistants B staff C colleagues D employees
11 A control B deal with C manage D cooperate
G TRANSFORMATION Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given unchanged You must use between two and five words, including the word given
We a long time
How in the suburbs?
3 It's the first time she has ever had problems with the authorities trouble
She with the authorities before
4 When Carl was young, he went to a holiday camp every summer used
When Carl was young, he a holiday camp every summer
5 After the earthquake, the government supplied food and medicine to the homeless
provided
After the earthquake, the government food and medicine
The last in February
How long this car?
and wanted his autograph He (8) to me immediately but I
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was so (9) at him that we left It was then that I made the
(10) never to take Alex out again
complete the sentences in each group A-H below You may use some of the
words more than once In some cases, more than one word may be correct
A job – occupation – work – employment – profession
1 People in the medical work long hours
2 In order to get a(n) as a computer analyst, you need a degree in computer
science
3 Betty has been out of since January
4 agencies help people find work in their field
5 I was asked to write my present on the application form
B task – course – duty
1 They were set the of cleaning the room after the meeting
2 It is a nurse's to make the patients feel comfortable
3 Her marks are quite high, so she can choose between a medical or a
law at university
C employer – employee – colleague – assistant – clerk – officer –
attendant
1 The shop helped me choose a jumper that suited me
2 The car park is responsible for parking customers’ cars
3 All are expected to be at work by 8.30 Our insists on it
4 Jill worked as a(n) for a law firm before entering politics
5 All my at the office are friendly
6 Bob is a senior in the armed forces
D party – crew – staff
1 A member of a political gave a speech in the town centre last night
2 The teaching…… at our school have formed a basketball team
3 The search had no luck in finding the missing child
4 The ship's served drinks as the ship set sail
E aim – goal – intention – challenge –success –ambition
1 The Maths problem was a(n) and took me over an hour to solve
2 The of environmental organisations is to stop environmental destruction
3 People with ……….will always try to achieve their……
4 Their first album was a great……… and sold two million copies worldwide
5 I have no of changing my plans for tonight
F achieve – fulfil – cope – deal – face – succeed
1 John in convincing his boss to give him the day off
2 He doesn’t with crisis situations very well
3 Despite his health problems, Joe his ambition to play in the local football team
4 The Johnstons are financial difficulties after Mrs Johnston lost her job
5 Kim put a lot of work into her project and excellent results
6 During his career as a teacher, he has with students from different backgrounds
G manage – run – operate – undertake
1 You have to read the instructions carefully before you he photocopying machine
2 Brett couldn't find experienced staff so he ……… his business on his own for
a few months
3 Kate was supposed to the training of the new staff
4 The company is ……… by two people who share the responsibilities
H skills – qualities – qualifications – experience
1 To get the job you must have three years’ in telecommunications and the necessary……… one of which is a university degree
2 Leadership quired by a Prime Minister, as well as communication …….…
3 Learning to windsurf was a fantastic !
READING Read the text below and complete each blank with one word All the missing words are relative pronouns or adverbs
Marilyn Monroe, (1) was one of the world’s most famous film stars, was born in 1926 Marilyn, (2) real name was Norma Jean Baker, had a miserable childhood She grew up in Los Angeles, (3) she spent most of her early years in foster homes That’s (4) she still felt lonely even when she became famous She worked as a model and also played minor roles in various films before making “Niagara”, the film (5) made her very popular In 1954 she married Joe di Maggio, with (6) she entertained American troops fighting in Korea She went on to make many films, some of (7) were very successful
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such as “Some Like it Hot”, “Gentlemen Prefer Blondes” and “Bus Stop” Her film
career ended tragically in 1962, (8) she died at the age of thirty six
GRAMMAR Choose A, B, C or D to complete the following sentences
1……… Celia was driving to the airport, she realised that she had left her passport
at home
2 I will have finished studying the film starts
3 The audience started clapping the singer came on stage
A by the time B the moment C while D just
4 Peter won’t leave he has finished all his work
5 I haven’t heard from him we finished school
A before B as soon as C after D since
6 Jane was working as a journalist she was writing her first book
7 My mother used to cry she heard this song
A by the time B the moment that C whenever D until
8 The police officer returned my driving licence he had checked it
9 She burst out laughing she saw the clown
A as soon as B since C until D while
10 we got back to the hotel, it was already dark
A The moment that B As soon as C By the time D Once
READING 1 The Caribbean Pirates
Have you ever seen a picture of a human skull and crossed bones?
Today, it’s used to show that something is poisonous But 18th century Caribbean
sailors never wanted to see it It meant they were faced with pirates! But where did
those pirates come from?
After Columbus discovered the Caribbean islands in 1492 Many Europeans went
there in search of wealth and to establish colonies The strongest power was Spain,
but people from other countries settled there, too Among them were some French
people who lived on Hispaniola Island, one of the Caribbean islands (1) They
hunted pigs and cattle on the island, and sold the dried meat to passing ships (2) So,
the Spanish chased them from Hispaniola, but this made them hate the Spanish (3)
They went to another island and joined British and Dutch sailors Soon, they became
pirates who attacked the Spanish! (4)
Meanwhile, countries like England found that using pirates was a cheap and
effective way to attack their rival, Spain So they hired pirates to attack the Spanish
ships and colonies However, as the pirates got stronger, they became hard to
control, and they even caused unwanted wars As time went by, European countries built their navies to protect their colonies, and (A)
There aren't any pirates in the Caribbean today But you can see them in books, movies, and cartoons You can also see them in the logo of a baseball team: the
Pittsburgh Pirates!
1 What is the best title for the passage?
A The History of Piracy in the Caribbean
B Columbus' Discovery of the New World
C The Hard Lives of Sailors in the Caribbean
D The Caribbean Islands: A Place You Must Visit
2 Why didn't the Caribbean sailors in the 18 th century want to see the skull and crossbones?
3 Where would the following sentence best fit?
' But they also attacked and stole the ships!'
4 What is the best choice for blank (A)?
A fought for freedom B made piracy illegal
C joined the Spanish navy D went back to their hometown
5 The underlined part tells us that pirates
A existed only in our imaginations B have become famous entertainers
C are used in many works of fiction D.are popular because of their friendly image
6 What is NOT true about the Caribbean pirates?
A They originated from French people who lived on Hispaninla Island
B They once hunted pigs and cattle on Hispaniola Island
C They consisted of only French settlers
D England used them to attack Spanish ships
READING 2 Read the passage and do the exercises that follows
Green Packaging
Manufacturers are currently competing with each other to produce a form of green
packaging Packaging is an important part of marketing these days, but much of it is
a threat to the environment There are two reasons for this The production of such packaging uses up a great deal of energy, and the cartons, wrappers, etc, are often difficult to dispose of when they become waste material
People in most countries have become aware of the damage which modern living is doing to the environment, and many of them are concerning themselves with the
conservation of the environment for future generations Thus, both politicians and scientists are now looking at the issues of energy-saving and waste disposal with a
view to making them more environmentally-friendly
As far as packaging is concerned, it is vital that it is either recyclable or
biodegradable For example, instead of throwing out newspapers and glass bottles
with their household rubbish, people in several countries are being encouraged to put
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these in special containers to allow the material to be recycled Some household
waste, such as vegetable peelings, is naturally biodegradable and so decomposes
gradually until it disappears
Man-made goods are not so easily disposed of Goods and packaging made of
plastic create waste material that is particularly difficult to get rid of This means that
huge landfill sites have to be dug out so as to bury the plastic waste underground,
possibly causing problems for future generations
Just as much of a problem is industrial waste, since the effluent from factories often
contains chemicals which can lead to the pollution of water supplies Waste from
factories has to be monitored carefully in order to avoid this
Technological advances using nuclear power have added to the waste problem The
disposal of nuclear waste causes particular concern because it is radioactive and so
possibly dangerous to life
The high standard of living, which the people of many countries now enjoy, has
resulted in a huge increase in waste material This could have a terrible effect on the
ecology of the planet There is no doubt that urgent action must be taken to save our
environment from possible disaster
(1) Match each word in Column A with its meaning in Column B
(2) Match each word in Column C with its opposite meaning in Column D
GREEN PACKAGING
Manufacturers are currently competing with each other to produce a form of green
packaging Packaging is an important part of marketing these days, but much of it is
a threat to the environment There are two reasons for this The production of such
packaging uses up a great deal of energy, and the cartons, wrappers, etc, are often
difficult to dispose of when they become waste material
People in most countries have become aware of the damage which modern living is
doing to the environment, and many of them are concerning themselves with the
conservation of the environment for future generations Thus, both politicians and
scientists are now looking at the issues of energy-saving and waste disposal with a view to making them more environmentally-friendly
As far as packaging is concerned, it is vital that it is either recyclable or
biodegradable For example, instead of throwing out newspapers and glass bottles
with their household rubbish, people in several countries are being encouraged to put these in special containers to allow the material to be recycled Some household waste, such as vegetable peelings, is naturally biodegradable and so decomposes
gradually until it disappears
Man-made goods are not so easily disposed of Goods and packaging made of plastic create waste material that is particularly difficult to get rid of This means that huge landfill sites have to be dug out so as to bury the plastic waste underground,
possibly causing problems for future generations Just as much of a problem is
industrial waste, since the effluent [chất thải lỏng] from factories often contains
chemicals which can lead to the pollution of water supplies Waste from factories
has to be monitored carefully in order to avoid this Technological advances using
nuclear power have added to the waste problem The disposal of nuclear waste
causes particular concern because it is radioactive and so possibly dangerous to life The high standard of living, which the people of many countries now enjoy, has resulted in a huge increase in waste material This could have a terrible effect on the
ecology of the planet There is no doubt that urgent action must be taken to save our
environment from possible disaster
A Choose the most appropriate word, provided in italics, to complete each of
the sentences packaging - waste material - pollution - disaster
1 Most modem cities face heavy
2 The caused by the floods led to much suffering
3 Most things that we buy will have a lot o f
4 is difficult and expensive to get rid of
B Say whether each of the sentences below is True (T) or False (F)
1 … The environment suffers when there is heavy packaging of the things we buy
2 … Politicians and scientists are not giving any attention to the problems of the environment
3 … Newspapers and glass bottles can be recycled
4 … It is difficult to get rid of plastic goods
5 … Rich countries take care to cut down on waste
C Answer these questions in full sentences
1 What are the two reasons that packaging is harmful to the environment?
2 Which groups of people are looking at the issues of the environment?
3 What are the important qualities for packaging to be green?
READING 2 Read the text below and decide which answer A, B, C or D best fits each space A NIGHT AT THE THEATRE
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Going to the theatre brings back happy memories, as it (1) me of my very first
performance on stage, (2) was thirty years ago Parts of that particular night are
so vivid that I can still picture myself as though it were yesterday The excitement
amongst the actors, the (3) applause and the party after the opening night are
memories which will remain with me for (4) I don’t know how we managed to
do so well The rehearsals were far from satisfactory because we thought that we
could just have two rehearsals a week (5) in fact we needed more The
background (6) to the last act weren’t ready until an hour before the beginning
of the play despite the set builder’s best (7) The director was not satisfied
(8) anything and he didn’t even want to show up on the first night Admittedly, I
wouldn’t have wanted to either (9) the night finally arrived, we were all a bit
worried I remember (10) through the curtain ten minutes before the start and
being amazed (11) the (12) of a full house Finally, it was time for the
curtain to go up In the end, we proved the director wrong and everything went like
clockwork
1 A recognises B reminds C recalls D memorises
3 A onlookers’ B viewers’ C audience's D spectators’
4 A life B ages C a while D time
7 A attempts B efforts C trials D tries
10 A glancing B noticing C staring D watching
GRAMMAR Choose the correct answer
1 The Smiths built a huge house the outskirts of the town
2 Once they we'll talk to them about it
A came B will come C come D are coming
3 The man in the front row is Mrs Davidson's nephew
4 " now on, you won't be allowed to use your mobile phones at school!" the
headmaster warned the students
5 My grandmother knitted me a jum per are too long
A which the sleeves B that the sleeves
C the sleeves of that D the sleeves of which
6 The electricity will be reconnected the bill
A when you will pay B when you pay
C when you are paying D during you pay
7 There are people who manage to get on very little money
8 The hotel we stayed was perfect
A in where B in which C which D that
9 The students le ft they finished the test
A as soon as B as C while D until
10 "What did you do on Saturday?" ~ "We visited the town our grandfather grew
up
11 I post that letter for you on my way to the office?
12 He felt he’d really let his team when he missed the penalty
13 He’ll never pass his driving test he takes some lessons
A unless B if only C provided D if
14 Opposite our house is a nice park there are trees and flowers
15 If you want to help, perhaps you could the table for dinner
16 He thinks we’ve invited too many guests, but I say the more the
A nicer B happier C merrier D greater
17 John has taken swimming as he wants to keep fit
18 You smell awful! It’s about time you a bath
A have B will have C had D to have
19 Lack of funds prevented him with his studies
A to continue B with continuing C continue D from continuing
20 Is she a friend of ?
WRITING Rewrite the sentences using the words given Use between two and five words, including the word given
1 I last saw Karen when we met up at Dan’s party SINCE
I haven’t seen Karen since we met up at Dan’s party
2 During the summer we spent two weeks in Rome STAYED During the summer we two weeks
I March
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4 A few moments ago I received an email from Stuart JUST
I an email from Stuart
5 I’ve spent all morning texting and my thumb hurts! BEEN
My thumb hurts because I all morning!
2 My street is because it’s far from any main roads
3 Our football team won the .at the end of the season
and received from a large company
4 There are thousands of people sleeping in the streets
5 I bought a dress but its colours faded after I washed it
6 I was fined because I was driving
7 The directions you gave us were rather , as we still got
lost
8 I am feeling quite because I didn’t get enough
sleep last night
9 I got into a business with my cousin but it ended up
being
10 The musical performance was so that the audience
gave the orchestra a standing ovation
11 The witness’ statement didn’t help the police in the
investigation, so it proved to be
12 The man was found .of shoplifting and sentenced
to one month in prison
13 He has completed his postgraduate studies
14 The new laser treatment can extract teeth
15 It’s just a dog There is no need to panic
1 BEAUTY
2 PEACE 3a
CHAMPION 3b SPONSOR
2 A information B considerate C explanation D preparation
3 A holiday B monitor C insurance D instrument
4 A essential B different C important D negation
5 A ensure B picture C capture D pleasure
(b) Which word among A, B, C, and D whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the other three
1 A architect B orchid C machine D school
3 A perceive B receipt C believe D diet
4 A measure B pleasure C issue D leisure
READING 1 GOAL: ENDING CHILD LABOUR
Carefully guiding a needle that's longer than his tiny fingers, a young boy in
Pakistan stitches together the leather pieces of a soccer ball He sits crouched in the corner of a hot, airless shed for 12 hours For his long day's work, he will earn 60
cents
The boy is one of more than 200 million children who work at hard, sometimes dangerous jobs all over the world Child labour exists in two-thirds of the world's nations From Indonesia to Guatemala, poor children as young as six are sent off to
work Often they are mistreated and punished for not working hard enough Children mix the gunpowder for firecrackers in China and knot the threads for carpets in India, all for pennies a day Sometimes they are sold as slaves
In a speech to the Child Labor Coalition when he was U.S Secretary of Labor, Robert Reich expressed gratitude for the organization's work to end abuse of child labour, "You turned up the heat, and you got results." He also congratulated Craig
Kielburger, then 13, of Canada, who travelled the world for a year fighting for kids'
rights Craig believes kids can make a difference He offers this advice, "Write letters
to companies and government officials Put pressure on leaders to make changes and
to stop the misuse of children."
One solution to the child-labour problem in poor countries is education "The future
of these countries," Secretary Reich declared, "depends on a work force that is
educated We are prepared to help build schools."
Education has helped to make the world a brighter place for one youth, Aghan of
India When he was nine, Aghan was kidnapped from his home and sold to a carpet maker Aghan's boss was very cruel "I was always crying for my mother," he
recalls Aghan's dream was to learn to write so that he could send letters to his
parents Fortunately, a group that opposes child labour rescued Aghan from the
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factory He was sent to a shelter in New Delhi where he worked hard to learn to
write
1 What is an example of dangerous work done by a child?
A stitching a soccer ball B knotting carpet threads
2 When young children are forced to work, ……
A they never see their families B they work but never get paid
C they are punished if they do not work hard D they are always sold as slaves
3 Child labour is most common in…
A countries that make firecrackers B poor countries
C countries that have slavers D countries that make carpets
4 The children who work are often…
5 When children are used to work for unfair wages in poor working conditions, it is
best described as …
A an abuse of working children B hard work
C a poor working environment D unfair labour practices
6 According to the article, children who work under poor conditions, …
A start to work only after age 13 B start to work only after age 12
C make only 60 cents an hour D may make only 60 cents a day
7 According to the article, what is the best way to keep many children from falling
victim to the abuse of child labor in the future?
A Help poor countries educate their children
B Refuse to buy products made in countries that abuse child labour
C Rescue each child
D none of the above
8 Why do families allow young children to go to work?
A They don't know how bad it is
B The grownups don't want to work
C The families are very poor and need the income
D The children are paid a lot of money
9 How do you know Aghan was not happy making carpets away from his family?
A He dreamed of learning to write B He was rescued
C He cried for his mother D He lives in a shelter
10 In New Delhi, Aghan……
A worked for a group that is opposed to child labor B received an education
READING 2 Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks
Education is more important today than ever before It helps people acquire the skills they need for such everyday (1) as reading a newspaper or managing theừ money It also gives them the specialized training they may need to (2) for a job
or career For example, a person must meet certain educational requirements and obtain a (3) or certificate before he can practice law or medicine Many fields, like computer operation or police work, (4) satisfactory completion of special training courses
Education is also important (5) it helps people get more out of life It increases then knowledge and understanding of the world It helps them acquire the skills that make life more interesting and enjoyable, (6) the skills needed to participate in a sport, paint a picture, or play a musical (7) Such education becomes (8) important as people gain more and more leisure time
Education also helps people adjust to change This habit has become necessary because social changes today take place with increasing speed and (9) the lives
of more and more people Education can help a person understand these changes and provide him (10) the skills for adjusting to them
1 A works B jobs C actions D activities
3 A license B card C diploma D paper
4 A requires B requiring C require D to requree
5 A therefore B despite C although D because
6 A such as B for instance C such that D for example
7 A appliance B equipment C instrument D device
8 A increased B increasing C increase D increasingly
9 A effect B affect C affective D effective
WRITING 1 Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that has the same meaning as the original one
1 I didn't know you were coming, so I didn't wait for you
A If I had known you were coming, I would wait for you
B I would have waited for you if I knew you were coming
C Had I known you were coming, I would have waited for you
D If I had know you were coming, I would have waited for you
2 When I picked up my book I found that the cover had been torn
A Picking up my book, the cover had been torn
B On picking up the book, I saw that the cover had been torn
C The cover had been torn when my book picked up
D Picked up, the book was torn
3 He is a man of extreme honesty
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A He is an extremely honest man B It is extremely honest that he is a man
C It is of extreme honesty to a man like him D He is an extreme honesty man
4 I do physical training because I want to keep fit
A I want to keep fit because I do physical training
B I want to do physical training so I keep fit
C I do physical training in order to keep fit
D So as to do physical training, I keep fit
5 The sea was so cold that we couldn't swim in it
A The cold sea helped us to swim
B We couldn't swim with such a cold sea
C The cold sea prevented us from swimming in it
D It was such a cold sea that we could swim
WRITING 2 Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to
the first sentence, using the word given unchanged You must use between two
and five words, including the word given
1 Here’s the house where I lived as a child (in )
Here’s the house as a child
2 I don’t know what made her quit her job ( reason )
I don’t she quit her job
3 Passengers wishing to get up can do so after the seat belt light has gone off who
Passengers can do so after the seat belt light has gone off
4.He didn’t study enough for his exams, so he failed two of them (caused )
He didn’t study enough for his exams two of them
5 He always checked his car tyres before setting off on a journey ( until )
He never set off on a journey his car tyres
6.I’ve read all of Jane Austen’s novels and there were only a couple that I didn’t
enjoy (most )
=>I’ve read all of Jane Austen’s novels, I enjoyed
7 Dr Williams is a cardiologist and has his surgery on the second floor
(Whose)
Dr Williams, on the second floor, is a cardiologist
8 Last week Phil took part in a spelling competition and won first prize ( in )
Phil won first prize in a spelling competition last week
WORD FORMS Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in
capitals
1 My sister’s very and she never stays out late because that worries my mum
(THOUGHT)
2 Our teacher is really and makes us laugh with her stories FUN
3 I get on well with my brother and there’s no sibling at all RIVAL
4 My dad can’t wear jumpers because they irritate his skin WOOL
5 You need to have a lot of to become an actor or actress
CONFIDENT
6 My with Selina began when we were both six years old FRIEND
7 I love sitting on my new sofa It's so COMFORT
8 She chose light-coloured furniture to up her dull flat BRIGHT
9 It’s certainly .to drive at high speed DANGER
10 August is a month in our city, as everyone is away on holiday PEACE
11 The held up the bank and stole £200, 000 ROB
12 Nobody could find the to the difficult Maths problem SOLVE
13 Even though they had financial difficulties, they were married HAPPY
14 I feel very today I think I’ll have some coffee SLEEP WORD CHOICE Choose the correct option for each sentence
My English teacher is great! She lived in the UK for a year and she often speaks to
us 1) on/about life there She always speaks 2) to/about us in English and that really
helps us too We do lots of interesting things in class – sometimes we 3)
translate/listen English pop songs We do the easy bits and our teacher 4) explains/means the difficult bits to us Sometimes, our teacher invites her English- speaking friends into our class to talk 5) to/at us about different things We can’t always 6) understand/hear everything they say but we enjoy it anyway Last year, she invited a Scottish friend to the classroom – he 7) pronounced/meant words in a
very interesting way! I think there are a lot of English words which are difficult to 8)
say/speak Our teacher often asks us to listen and 9) repeat/understand I think it’s really useful to 10) speak/say a foreign language because then you can talk 11) to/about people in their own language
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LESSON 5 – February 18 th , 2016
I PHONETICS Which word among A, B, C, and D whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the other three
1 A moustache B ocean C celebrate D special
2 A character B cart C chemistry D.chimney
4 A chain B choice C choir D.chocolate
5 A sufficient B deficiency C precious D.concentration
II READING 1
SMART EXERCISE (READING CHALLENGE 3)
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Are you preparing for a big test? If so, you may want to go play between hitting the
books Based on information they have collected over the years, researchers have
seen an apparent connection between exercise and brain development Judy
Cameron, a researcher at Oregon Health and Science University, studies brain
development According to her research, it seems that exercise can make blood
vessels, including those in the brain, stronger and more fully developed Cameron
claims this allows people who exercise to concentrate better She says, “While we
already know that exercise is good for the heart, exercise can literally cause physical
changes in the brain.”
The effects of exercise on brain development can even be seen in babies Babies
who do things that require a lot of movement and physical activity show greater
brain development than babies who are less physically active With babies, even a
little movement can show big results Margaret Barnes, a pediatrician, believes in
the importance of exercise She thinks that many learning disabilities children have
in elementary school or high school can be traced back to a lack of movement as
babies “Babies need movement that stimulates their five senses,” says Barnes
“They need to establish a connection between motion and memory In this way, as
they get older, children will begin to associate physical activity with higher
learning.”
The benefits of exercise on the brain are not just for babies Older people can beef
up their brains by working out as well Researchers at Cornell University studied a
group of seniors ranging in age from seventy to seventy-nine Their study showed a
short-term memory increase of up to forty percent after exercising just three hours a
week The exercise does not have to be very difficult, but it does have to increase the
heart rate Also, just like the motion for infants, exercise for older people should
involve some complexity Learning some new skills or motions, such as with yoga or
tai-chi, helps open up memory paths in the brain that may not have been used for a
long time
For most people, any type of physical activity that increases the heart rate is helpful
The main goal is to increase the brain’s flow of blood Your brain can benefit from as
little as two to three hours of exercise a week
(1) Choose the best answer
1 What is the main idea of this reading?
A How to exercise B How exercise helps the brain
C How to get good scores on a test D How the brain can change
2 According to the reading, what is the connection between exercise and brain
development?
A Exercise makes us less intelligent
B The brain needs special mental exercise
C The more exercise, the bigger the brain
D Physical exercise helps us think better
3 The minimum amount of exercise required to gain any benefit is
A Three hours per week B Forty hours per week
C Three hours per day D Forty hours per month
4 Why is yoga recommended for seniors?
A It is easy on joints B It does not increase the heart rate
C It can be done in groups D It includes learning new motions
5 What type of patient does a pediatrician probably treat?
A Poor people B Children C Animals D Old people
(2) Write the letter of the word or phrase with the same meaning as the underlined word or phrase
1 .She is literally the best student in school
2 .I hate sports, but I still have to take a physical education class in school
3 .Your short-term memory can get worse with age
4 .Motion of our bodies can improve how well we think
5 .Some researchers associate exercise with brain development
6 .Exercise causes blood vessels to open up so blood flows more easily
III WORD FORMS 1 Complete the text below with the correct form of the words in capitals
Many people consider (1) to be the most important (2)
they can have It is (3) to have a friend you can talk to and share (4) experiences with However, it is important to choose friends (5) An ideal friend should be (6) and when any difficulties arise, hopefully be there for us Of course, there will be times when we might be (7) of our friends But, we should always talk things through in a (8)
way and find a solution to our problems Moreover, we should
be careful not to be (9)… Without honesty, the bond between friends is (10) and not worth anything at all
1 Don’t use that information in the essay It’s RELEVANT
2 If I don’t set my alarm clock, I always SLEEP
3 Some kids in my class are and tell lies really easily HONEST
4 I can’t see why we need to put the numbers in this order It’s LOGICAL
5 When you’re writing an email, you can use idioms because it’s……… FORMAL
6 He let his ten-year-old son drive his car! That’s completely…… RESPONSIBLE
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7 The .killer, Jack the Ripper, is the subject of many novels and films
FAMOUS
8.Many ……… have written about the reign of Richard III HISTORY
9 When they were constructing the new supermarket, they…… several skeletons
(EARTH)
10 They will announce the ……….of the vote at about three o’clock COME
V WORD STUDY 1 Complete the sentences with the collocations / expressions
in the list below
the other day – all day long – call it a day – at times – on time – in time –
pass the time – ahead of its time – time and time again – for the time being
1 Despite technical problems, the flight left
2 We’ll be getting a new printer next month.So, we have to put up with this one
3 Most engineers agreed that the car’s design was
4 I started a conversation with the person sitting next to me on the bus to
5 I saw Sally Did you know that she had broken her leg?
6 The match started at 7 pm and Jack arrived just for the kick-off
7 Let’s and go home.We’ve been working for over twelve hours w ithout a break
8 He keeps making the same mistake
9 I find it very difficult to agree with you Your views can sometimes be extreme
10 I have been sleepy … today I don’t know what’s the m atter with me
VI WORD STUDY 2 Read the sentences and complete them with the correct
form of the verbs hold, run, catch or keep
1 The student was in the act of cheating by the examiner
2 I just need you to an eye on Sam while I go out
3 Jenny will certain ly everyone's attention with that dress she's wearing
4 Blue eyes and red hair…… in my family Only my aunt has brown eyes
5 When my grandmother was in hospital, I used to … her company in the
afternoons
6 Mary is moving to another city, but we promised to … in touch w ith each other
7 a business requires many skills and expertise
8 You can't rely on Roger Actually, he's the kind of person that can't a promise
9 The winner of the marathon had to… his breath before speaking to the
journalist
10 Please in mind that smoking is not allowed in this building
11 We all our breath when the winner of the com petition was being announced
12 As I was running to …… the bus, I slipped and fell
13 Can you … a secret? Jane is organising a surprise party for Kevin’s birthday!
14 The children ……… hands while walking down the street
VII READING 2 Choose A , B, C, or D to complete the following dialogue
Jim: Have you made up your mind about where to go on holiday?
Mike: I've narrowed down my choices to two (0) rather large countries, France and
Mexico What do you think?
Jim: Well, France is one of (1) the … countries in Europe Did you know it's twice
(2) the UK? Since you've got eight weeks off (3) work, you could go on a
cycling tour of the country
Mike: I'd like to visit (4)… Alps and Mont Blanc, which is (5) than any other
mountain in Western Europe I suppose I could also go on long walks in the country,
as the climate there is similar (6) that in Britain
Jim: Really? I think it's (7) warmer Especially on the Riviera, the Mediterranean
in winter is (8) … temperature as the British coastal waters are in summer! I can really picture you, tanned and relaxed, tasting delicious local specialities (9)…
Camembert cheese, frogs' legs and snails!
Mike: Come on, that sounds disgusting!
Jim: Apparently, they taste (10) …better than they sound
Mike: I don't know I'd rather go to Mexico and eat tortillas and chilli every day!
1 A larger B largest C the larger D the largest
2 A bigger than B as big as C so big as D as bigger than
5 A higher B highest C the higher D the highest
8 A the same B same C similar D the similar
10 A pretty B far C the D more VIII WRITING Rewrite the following sentences so that each that keeps the same meaning as the original
1 She didn’t say a word as she left the room