Đáp án tiếng anh thi tuyển công chức quảng ngãi 2017

Đáp án tiếng anh thi tuyển công chức quảng ngãi 2017 Đáp án tiếng anh thi tuyển công chức quảng ngãi 2017 Đáp án tiếng anh thi tuyển công chức quảng ngãi 2017 Đáp án tiếng anh thi tuyển công chức quảng ngãi 2017

Book: A Home in Tibet; Author: Tsering Wangmo Dhompa; Tibet conjures up images of a mystic land Snow-capped mountain peaks pierce the blue sky and fierce chilly winds sweep the rolling grasslands Maroon-robed Buddhist monks pray in remote monasteries and sturdy horsemen pound the rugged earth People in this high plateau perform punishing rituals like prostrating hundreds of miles in tattered clothes on pilgrimage Spirits, spells and flying apparitions are part of the Tibetan world In short, Tibet remains an exotica Such images are largely the result of books by Western travellers and explorers in the last century, which helped in keeping the mystique alive And when the Communist rulers took over Tibet in the 1950s and began imposing Chinese language and culture on the people, Tibet's own history started to recede in the background Thus, the only books available in English to Tsering Wangmo Dhompa as a young girl growing up in India and Nepal as a refugee were those written by Westerners, and so she came to view the country as a forbidden land, a place where fantasy and fable collaborated against a dramatic backdrop of mountains, black magic and people with strange customs and appearances It is from under the weight of such representation that Tsering attempts to write about Dhompa, her mother's nomadic village in Nangchen, east Tibet She struggles to find a way to speak about Tibet without the "influences of the past or prevailing perceptions colouring" her description The past, however, is significant, especially in Dhompa where her family members were chieftains for over a hundred years Tsering is one of the few Tibetan writers who are trying to create a body of literature that seeks to find the Tibetan voice, bereft of the Western romanticizing She is essentially a poet and her poems have been published in the United States But in "A Home in Tibet" that has just been released in India by Penguin, she tries to weave a powerful tale of personal history and loss without sentimentality In her moving narrative laced with occasional nostalgic detours, Tibet is also a main character, a land and its people who remain under subjugation From her mother, Tsering learned to understand Tibet as the real home but one accessible primarily through images of loss and irreconcilability Tibet was forbidden to her because she was a Tibetan She was born in exile in India and grew up in India and Nepal To her, Tibet came alive through her mother's life stories "It was a land that carried much of my mother's nostalgia," said Tsering recently in New Delhi "The halcyon days of her life were spent in Tibet It was an object of yearning and wonder for those who belonged and those who did not all agreeing on the premise that there was nothing quite like Tibet." Tsering's mother believed, despite many years in exile, that she would go back to her home one day But before her dream could come true, she died in a gruesome car accident on a northern Indian highway on a foggy wintry morning Tsering, a lone child, lost not only her mother but her emotional link to Tibet which had slowly occupied a huge space in her mindscape "A Home in Tibet" is a homage to a mother and to a land, but one that attempts to understand the effort and the effect of a life in exile and the relationships that are forged with ideas of nation and nationhood Tsering reveals her own uncertainties in finding a way to see a future for Tibet She reveals the difficulty in living simultaneously with the fantasy of a fantastic and far-away land, and the reality of Tibet as an occupied country After her mother's death, Tsering moved farther to the United States for studies but Tibet began to come closer to her heart Finally, when she made her first trip to Dhompa with her mother's ashes, she found a land and a people so familiar to her and yet so far removed from her own world in San Francisco, where she now lives "We live in a condition of expectation, our hope not quite ours, our power not ours," Tsering writes "We take to dreaming easily We dream of returning to a country our young have never seen." "A Home in Tibet" would now at least provide a view of Tibet that an aching Tibetan heart sees C2 How high is too high? Part Many people believe high heels make women look good So much so, it seems, that the organisers of the Cannes Film Festival reportedly barred women in flat shoes from walking the red carpet But all this glam comes at a cost: wearing heels over 10cm high can damage your ankles Part A study by Hanseo University in South Korea suggests that continuous wearing exposes women to the risk of strains, and makes them prone to losing their balance A total of 40 women who wear high heels at least three times a week took part in the study The strength of their ankles was measured regularly: researchers found that two of the four main muscles became dominant after a period of between one and three years This created an imbalance in their feet Dr Yong-Seok Jee from Hanseo University said that the habit of wearing heels can result in deformed feet, back pain and unhealthy walking patterns He recommends that women limit the use of these kinds of shoes and exercise their ankle muscles properly Part High heels are considered by some people to be sexy and feminine, but in fact the fashion started with men's feet These shoes were a form of riding footwear, and were seen on the feet of 17th Century Persian soldiers Elizabeth Semmelhack of the Bata Shoe Museum in Toronto says: "When the soldier stood up in his stirrups, the heel helped him to secure his stance so that he could shoot his bow and arrow more effectively." Before becoming a staple of modern women's wardrobes, high heels were used by Louis XIV of France These shoes were status symbols Let's face it – nothing screams privilege like uncomfortable, luxurious and impractical clothing They say the wearer doesn't have to work in fields or walk very far What you think: are high heels a symbol of women's elevation in society - or should they be booted out of fashion? C5: Money is what you use to buy things You may earn money from completing household chores, getting good grades, for your allowance, or for losing a tooth! Money is very important in our world and comes in many different forms People have been using money for hundreds of years Before money gave specific values for things, people simply traded items In the United States, we use the dollar as our currency or money, but people in different parts of the world use different currencies, though some countries also use or accept our dollars People earn money from the jobs they work and use that money to save for the future or pay for their houses, cars, good, taxes, medical needs, and household items, among other things.” Even things such as turning the lights on, using the air conditioning or heat, and connecting to the internet cost money C6: Banks are places where people can keep their money Most people use banks to save money in their savings accounts and to pay money from their checking accounts Today, when a person earns money from their job, their paycheck is often electronically deposited (put) into their savings or checking account Then, he or she can pay their bills by writing checks from their checking accounts or pay online where their bills are electronically connected to their bank accounts Banks also give loans to people Banks use the money that their customers deposit to lend to people to buy new houses, cars, or to start businesses among other reasons The bank makes money from lending by charging interest In other words, people have to pay back more than they borrowed This amount depends on how risky the bank thinks the borrower is and how fast the loan is paid back among other things C7: Hummingbirds are amazing little birds They are the smallest of all birds and weigh less than even a penny The bee hummingbird, at barely more than two inches long, is the smallest bird in the world! Unlike most birds, hummingbirds have iridescent feathers Iridescent feathers glitter and shine in the sun Hummingbirds are often dazzling combinations of greens and reds or greens and blues Others are violet, orange, golden, silver or other combinations only Mother Nature could dream up All hummingbirds have long bills to insert into flowers Some hummingbirds have special bills to fit into specific flowers Hummingbirds are the only birds that can fly backwards Hummingbirds are also unique among bird species in that they drink nectar from flowers You can attract hummingbirds to your yard with special feeders that are filled with sugar water These feeders are usually bright red in color because hummingbirds are attracted to red C8: The Amazon is the world's largest tropical rainforest It covers an area of nearly 2.8 million square miles, which is nearly the size of the continent of Australia The Amazon Rainforest gets its life from the majestic Amazon River, the world's second largest river, which runs directly through the heart of the region The rainforest itself is simply the drainage basin for the river and its many tributaries The vast forest itself consists of four layers, each featuring its own ecosystems and specially adapted plants and animals The forest floor is the lowest region Since only two percent of the sunlight filters through the top layers to the understory, very few plants grow here The forest floor, however, is rich with rotting vegetation and the bodies of dead organisms, which are quickly broken down into nutrients integrated into the soil Tree roots stay close to these available nutrients and decomposers such as millipedes and earthworms use these nutrients for food The understory is the layer above the forest floor Much like the forest floor, only about 2- percent of the sunlight reaches this shadowy realm Many of the plants in the understory have large, broad leaves to collect as much sunlight as possible The understory is so thick that there is very little air movement As a result, plants rely on insects and animals to pollinate their flowers The layer above the understory is the canopy This is where much of the action in the rainforest occurs Many canopy leaves have specially adapted leaves which form "drip tips" Drip tips allow water to flow off the leaves which prevents mosses, fungi, and lichens from occupying the leaves Leaves in the canopy are very dense and filter about 80 percent of the sunlight The canopy is where the wealth of the rainforest's fruits and flowers grow Bromeliads, cup-like plants, provide drinking pools for animals and breeding locations for tree frogs The emergent layer is above the canopy, and is the top layer of the rainforest Trees in the emergent layer break through the canopy and may reach heights of 200 feet Leaves in the emergent layer are small and covered with a special wax to hold water Seeds are blown to other parts of the forest Trees which rise to the emergent layer are massive Many are braced by huge buttress roots Trunks can be 16 feet in circumference Many animals that survive in the emergent layer never touch the ground C9: Dolphins are marine mammals that are related to whales and porpoises A marine mammal is one that lives in the water Dolphins are found all over the world’s oceans as well as in rivers and marshes Dolphins are carnivores (meat-eaters) and feed on fish, squid and other marine life They often swim together in groups called “pods.” They are thought to have powerful eyesight and hearing, but not have a sense of smell Dolphins come in different sizes Some are smaller than the average person, but others, such as the Orca, can be 30 feet long, or more than five times as long as the average person Dolphins are thought to be very intelligent and communicate with each other using clicks and whistles All dolphins are powerful swimmers Have you ever seen a dolphin? Groups of dolphins can often be seen bobbing in and out of waves close to the shoreline C10: Did you know that spiders are not insects? They are actually called Arachnids, a group of animals related to insects that have eight legs and that have venom There are many different kinds of spiders They live all over the world and can be found in just about every habitat Most like dark places, which may include your home, closets, or basement! Spiders are very interesting Some spin silk webs to catch and eat prey, while others attack their prey Some spiders, like tarantulas, are large enough to eat lizards and mice! Many people are afraid of spiders because they bite Most spiders, however, will only bite if they think they are danger and most are harmless Spiders are actually helpful to people because many eat insect pests like cockroaches and mosquitoes C11 The French and Indian War, also known as the Seven Years War, began in the Spring on 1754 The dispute arose over the presence of British and French settlers in the Ohio River Valley in and around present day Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, but resulted in battles that were fought far from there Both the French and English wanted exclusive rights to the area because of its economic potential and plethora of fur-bearing wildlife Despite attempts in Europe to solve the territory battle diplomatically, no compromise could be made French settlers began building forts alongthe Ohio River to protect the land from the British Meanwhile, Robert Dinwiddie, lieutenant governor of Virginia, had begun issuing land-grants in the region for members of his colony French and British military forces were both authorized by their respective governments to take the necessary measures to remove the other C12: Visit Angkor Wat Siem Reap is a small town near the world famous temple of Angkor Wat The town is charming and worth exploring, with some fine examples of Khmer and French colonial architecture set among the more modern developments Nowadays, visitors are flocking in, using it as a base for visits to the nearby temples A Carved City From the 9th to the 14th centuries, when Europe was still struggling out of the Dark Ages, the Cambodian Empire of Angkor covered most of present-day Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, and Thailand The heart of this empire during the 12th century was the ancient capital of Angkor Thom, near present day Siem Reap, the site of the world’s largest temple complexes, which were rediscovered in 1861.This spectacular city was built over 30 years under the reign of King Suryavarman II (1113-1150) The area covers about 400 square kilometres and is full of the finest examples of Khmer art and architecture Tourists are always amazed at the scale of the place In Angkor Wat you will find more than 100 stone monuments and temple buildings, each of which contains countless statues, sculptures and reliefs that have weathered extremely little over the last 800 years To see the whole thing can take several days The most important temples to visit in the area are Angkor Wat, especially at sunrise or sunset; Angkor Thom, the remains of the capital; Ta Prohm, a palace overgrown by jungle; and Bayon Getting a visa Visas are required to enter Cambodia You can obtain one on arrival at Siem Reap International Airport for $20, and passport photo is required per person You will also need another passport photo for the Angkor Temple Entrance Pass Please ensure you take comfortable walking shoes, light clothing and plenty of water to drink as it is very hot there The most commonly accepted currency in Cambodia is the US dollar C13: Battle of Lake George – Public Domain The Battle of Lake George was fought on September 8, 1755 British forces of 1,500 soldiers and 200 Mohawk Indians under the command of William Johnson defeated a much larger allied French and Indian force of 3,500 under German General Baron Dieskau The battle started when French and Indian forces ambushed a group of Massachusetts and Connecticut regiments on a road between Lake George and Ft Edward Although the regiments were pushed back, they were able to hold off French and Indian assaults on their base camp Meanwhile, New Hampshire and New York regiments were sent from Fort Edward to reinforce the other regiments On the way, these regiments seized a French baggage train along with critical supplies An astonished General Dieskau was also captured, and the French and Indian troops were scattered away from the main battle The British victory at Lake George was their first important victory over the French Two years later, however, the French reclaimed the area during the Battle of Fort William Henry, a fort built by William Johnson just before the Battle of Fort Niagara In the battle, 6,000 French troops and 1,600 Indians bombarded the fort British forces under George Monro were forced to surrender Over 2,300 British were captured, several hundred of which were massacred by the Indians The loss of Fort William Henry was a severe blow to British military plans, as it prevented them from mounting any offensive towards Montreal, a French stronghold The events of the battle of Fort William Henry were depicted in the famous novel by James Fenimore Cooper, The Last of the Mohicans C14: George Washington was born on February 22, 1732 in Westmoreland County, Virginia, although he grew up near Fredericksburg In his childhood and adolescence, he studied math and surveying When he was 16, he went to live with his brother Lawrence in Mount Vernon George was scarred with Smallpox before the age of 20, but inherited his brother's land (including Mt Vernon) when he died in 1752 Washington's military career began in 1753 during the French and Indian War, when he was sent into Ohio country In 1754, he battled the French and was forced to surrender Fort Necessity (near present-day Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania) He continued as an officer in Ohio country, and served under the British general Edward Braddock when their army was ambushed by the French in 1755 Once again, Washington tasted defeat after their surrender of Fort Duquesne to French forces Washington helped take Fort Duquesne back in 1758 Washington was married to Martha Custis in 1759 Washington managed the family, farm, and estate until he took command of the Virginia troops just before the American Revolution He was made commander of the Continental Army on June 15, 1775 Washington proved himself an excellent leader, and won several decisive battles during the Revolution As an advocate of a federal government, Washington became chairman of the Constitutional Convention and helped in getting the Constitution ratified In 1789, he was inaugurated as America's first president Washington was re-elected in 1792, but refused a third term On December 14, 1799, seventeen days before the new century, Washington died of acute laryngitis C15: The Age of Exploration started in the 1400’s Europeans were desperate to get spices from Asia Spices were used to preserve foods and keep them from spoiling Spices, however, were expensive and dangerous to get Traders had to travel parts of the dangerous Silk Road (a land route from Europe to Asia) to get them Because the Silk Road was frequently closed due to various wars, European rulers began to pay for explorations to find a sea route to Asia so they could get spices more easily and for cheaper Portugal was the first European country that sent explorers to search for the sea route to Asia Prince Henry the Navigator started a school of navigation and financed the first voyages to the west coast of Africa In the 1400’s, however, sailors were afraid of sea monsters and boiling hot water at the Equator, so progress was slow After Bartholomew Dias and his crew made it to Africa’s Cape of Good Hope, Vasco da Gama and his crew became the first to sail around Africa and through the Indian Ocean to India Spain, however, would soon take over the lead in exploration When Portugal refused to finance Christopher Columbus’ idea to sail west to find the shortcut to the Indies, he convinced Spain’s King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella to finance it On October 12, 1492, Christopher Columbus and his crew reached the island of Hispaniola after three months in the Atlantic Ocean Although Columbus believed he had reached Asia, he had actually discovered the entire continent of North America and claimed it for Spain Spain quickly colonized North America In 1513, Ponce de Leon discovered Florida while searching for the mythical Fountain of Youth The first permanent European settlement in the New World was later established at St Augustine in 1565 Meanwhile, Hernando Cortes crushed the Aztec empire in Mexico and claimed all of Mexico for Spain Francisco Pizarro did the same to the Incan Empire in South America Other explorers such as Francisco Coronado and Hernando de Soto claimed other portions of North America for Spain Vasco Nunez de Balboa even claimed the entire Pacific Ocean for Spain As the Spanish empire grew, explorers forced native populations into slavery and to convert to Christianity Meanwhile, France began to explore North America Explorations by Giovanni Verrazano and Jacques Cartier resulted in French claims of much of Canada and the north Atlantic coast England would soon attempt to make its presence known by financing pirates such as Francis Drake to plunder Spanish settlements and steal gold from Spanish sea vessels England also established its first settlement in the New World at Roanoke Island, North Carolina Territorial disputes and constant pirating resulted in a series of major wars between the competing nations In 1588, the British Army defeated the vaunted Spanish Armada The British victory proved a serious blow to Spanish influence in the New World Although Spain still controlled much of the New World after the defeat, England and France were able to accelerate their colonization England soon established successful colonies throughout the eastern portions of the United States, and France had colonies in Canada and the middle portions of the United States By the mid 1700’s, new territorial disputes between England and France eventually resulted in England gaining control over much of North America after the French and Indian War English colonies flourished in North America until the 1770’s when the colonists declared their independence The Revolutionary War ensued and resulted in independence for the colonists The United States of America was formed C16: The Dallas Cowboys have been an NFL team since 1960 They are one of two teams that play professional football in the state of Texas It took the Cowboys eleven years before they made the Super Bowl, the NFL championship game They lost that game to the Baltimore Colts by a score of 16 to 13 The Cowboys soon got much better! In the 1970s, they played in five Super Bowls and won two of them After they defeated the Denver Broncos in Super Bowl 12, people started calling them America’s Team! Although the Cowboys failed to make any Super Bowls in the 1980s, they played in three Super Bowls in the 1990s and won all three of them, including two in a row against the Buffalo Bills and one against their big rival, the Pittsburgh Steelers It was during this time, that Quarterback Troy Aikman, Running Back Emmitt Smith and Wide Receiver Michael Irvin all became big stars All three would eventually become members of the Pro Football Hall-of-Fame The Cowboys won their last Super Bowl in 1995 and haven’t made it back since That hasn’t discouraged owner Jerry Jones from spending big bucks, though In 2009, Cowboys Stadium opened It can hold over 110,000 people, making it the largest domed stadium in the world It cost over one billion dollars to build! C17: In 1274, Italian explorers Marco and Niccolo Polo set out on a 24 year journey in which they traveled the famous Silk Road from Italy, through brutal deserts and towering mountains to eastern China They traveled over 4,000 miles in all Marco and Niccolo were among the very first Europeans to explore the fabled empire of China In China, Marco Polo even worked for ruler Kublai Khan Polo detailed his experiences and findings in China by writing a book Polo described materials and inventions never before seen in Europe Paper money, a printing press, porcelain, gunpowder and coal were among the products he wrote about He also described the vast wealth of Kublai Khan, as well as the geography of northern and southern China European rulers were very interested in the products Polo described However, trading for them along the Silk Road was dangerous, expensive and impractical European rulers began to wonder if there was a sea route to the east to get the products they wanted at a reasonable price C18: Rainbows are often seen when the sun comes out after or during a rainstorm Rainbows are caused when sunlight shines through drops of water in the sky at specific angles When white sunlight enters a raindrop, it exits the raindrop a different color When light exits lots of different raindrops at different angles, it produces the red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet that you see in a rainbow Together, these colors are known as the spectrum These colors can sometimes be seen in waterfalls and fountains as well Did you know that there are double rainbows? In a double rainbow, light reflects twice inside water droplets and forms two arcs In most double rainbows, the colors of the top arc are opposite from those in the bottom arc In other words, the order of colors starts with purple on top and ends with the red on bottom In addition, rainbows sometimes appear as white arcs at night These rainbows are called moonbows and are so rare that very few people will ever see one Moonbows are caused by moonlight (rather than sunlight) shining through drops of water C19: Butterflies are some of the most interesting insects on the planet Earth There are more than seventeen thousand different kinds of butterflies! Butterflies come in all shapes and sizes Butterflies go through four main stages of life The first stage is the egg stage followed by the larva stage As a larva, or caterpillar, the future butterfly eats as much as possible As it grows, it sheds it outer skin, or exoskeleton This may happen four or five times After a few weeks, the caterpillar enters the next stage of its life, the chrysalis stage In the chrysalis, the caterpillar will liquefy into a soup of living cells Then, it will reorganize into a butterfly and the metamorphosis is complete In later parts of the chrysalis stage, you can see the forming butterfly through the chrysalis When the butterfly emerges from the chrysalis, it pumps its wings to send blood through them so that it can fly Most butterflies only live a couple of weeks, just enough time to drink flower nectar and to mate Some, like the Monarch Butterfly, however, may live many months C20: Raisins are dried grapes that have been eaten for thousands of years Nearly 3,500 years ago, the first raisins were discovered as grapes that were drying in the sun on a vine In medieval Europe, raisins were used as sweeteners, medicine, and even as a form of money! In America, raisins were first grown after an 1873 heat wave in California destroyed its valuable grape crop, leaving only dried, wrinkly, but tasty grapes on the vines Soon, farmers began developing seedless grapes in California that were thin-skinned and sweet These grapes would be purposely dried in the sun and became the popular dark raisin we eat and enjoy today Later, a golden variety of raisin was made by treating grapes with a chemical called sulfur dioxide and using special methods to dry them Today, central California remains the center of the world’s raisin industry, producing nearly 95 percent of the world’s raisins Its green valleys, sunny climate, and hot temperatures provide the perfect conditions for grapes that are dried into raisins  ... Let's face it – nothing screams privilege like uncomfortable, luxurious and impractical clothing They say the wearer doesn't have to work in fields or walk very far What you think: are high heels... have to pay back more than they borrowed This amount depends on how risky the bank thinks the borrower is and how fast the loan is paid back among other things C7: Hummingbirds are amazing little... pay for their houses, cars, good, taxes, medical needs, and household items, among other things.” Even things such as turning the lights on, using the air conditioning or heat, and connecting