Chương I phát triển và quy hoạch du lịch từ thực trạng tới hướng đi

Chương I phát triển và quy hoạch du lịch từ thực trạng tới hướng điChương I phát triển và quy hoạch du lịch từ thực trạng tới hướng điChương I phát triển và quy hoạch du lịch từ thực trạng tới hướng điChương I phát triển và quy hoạch du lịch từ thực trạng tới hướng điChương I phát triển và quy hoạch du lịch từ thực trạng tới hướng điChương I phát triển và quy hoạch du lịch từ thực trạng tới hướng điChương I phát triển và quy hoạch du lịch từ thực trạng tới hướng đi

QUY HOẠCH PHÁT TRIỂN

DU LỊCH

CHƯƠNG 1 TỔNG QUAN VỀ QUY HOẠCH

PHÁT TRIỂN DU LỊCH

1 Khái niệm quy hoạch du lịch

“Planning is the process of identifying

objectives and defining and

evaluating methods of achieving

them”

1.1 Khái niệm quy hoạch du lịch

“A plan enables us to identify where

we are going and how we get there”

1.1 Khái niệm quy hoạch du lịch

 Quy hoạch du lịch là tập hợp lý luận và thực tiễn nhằm phân bố hợp lý nhất lãnh thổ những cơ sở kinh doanh du lịch có tính toán tổng hợp các

nhân tố: điều kiện tự nhiên, tài nguyên du lịch,

cơ sở hạ tầng, điều kiện kinh tế-xã hội, môi

trường, kiến trúc xây dựng …

 Quy hoạch du lịch còn cụ thể hóa trên lãnh thổ những dự đoán, định hướng, chương trình và kế hoạch phát triển du lịch Đồng thời quy hoạch du lịch bao gồm cả quá trình ra quyết định thực

hiện quy hoạch, bổ sung các điều kiện phát triển nhằm đạt được các mục tiêu phát triển du lịch

bền vững.

2 Lý do của việc quy hoạch phát triển du lịch

1 Destination life cycle;

2 More competitive situation;

3 More complicated phenomenon;

4 Tourism has damaged natural and cultural

resources;

5 Community involved

A brief history of modern tourism planning

Tourism planning is a comparative

newcomer

Early tourism development was founded on

a basic assumption: tourism is an

‘intrinsic goods’ This led to many

negative impacts on environment and

society (non-sustainable tourism)

A brief history of modern tourism planning

Why?

- There was a lack of adequate foresight

about changing tourist trends and

demands and;

- Little or no awareness of the side-effects

on the local area (negative impacts)

It was the consequences of ‘non-integrated’

approach to tourism development

A brief history of modern tourism planning

Phase Planning characteristics

1950s Post-war reconstruction and streamlining of many policy regulations Virtually no public

sector planning in the small-scale tourism industry.

1960s Greater government involvement in tourism marketing and investment incentives in order

to increase tourism earning potential but little critical analysis of the industry, which is not treated as equal to other industrial sectors.

1970s Government involvement in the supply of tourism infrastructure and in the use of tourism

as a tool of regional development Tourism planning reaches its apex Luxury resort model followed, ‘planners know best’ Transnational tourism companies.

1980s to

1990s

Reduced direct government involvement, greater emphasis on public-private partnerships and industry self-regulation Acknowledgement of socio-cultural and environmental impacts of tourism; some attempts at community involvement.

A brief history of modern tourism planning

From the mid-1960s to the present,

integrated planning for development was more common There is an increasing

acceptance that it requires planning for achievement of wide-ranging objectives within the context of sustainable

development

3 Mục đích của quy hoạch phát triển du lịch

- Identifying alternative approaches;

- Adapting to the unexpected;

- Maintaining uniqueness;

- Creating the desirable;

- Avoiding the undesirable

Why is planning important?

1 Planning can improve the visitor

experience:

– Many different sectors must work together

to provide the tourism “product” for the

visitor: the visitor experience

– Good planning enables destinations to

carefully consider these different sectors

Why is planning important?

Elements of the Visitor Experience

 Transportation to/from destination

 Marketing (creating expectations)

Why is planning important?

2 Planning can improve the resident

– Good planning enables the destination to maximize the economic benefits of tourism.

Why is planning important?

Elements of the resident experience

Broad approaches to planning

 Boosterism: (tourism is good)

 views opposition to tourism as ‘unpatriotic’

little consideration of carrying capacity

 practised by politicians & those that gain financially from tourism (Getz, 1987).

Broad approaches to planning

 The land use/physical/spatial approach

 Minimise negative effects on the environment by land zoning to concentrate/disperse tourists

 Risk plans may ignore more socio/cultural factors.

 Community oriented tourism planning

 Recognised need for the social impact

perspective: vital ethically (that people influence their destination destinies) and economically (to attract tourists)

Levels of tourism planning

Tourism planning occurs at several

different At each level, there are different issues

– International level

– National level

– Regional / State level

– Local or community level

– Site level

Tourism planning confines

Tourism planning has been largely confined

to:

- Designated areas such as national park

and heritage sites

- ‘Subject plan’ (plan which focus

specially on tourism/leisure)

- Tourism/leisure as one topic in

development plans for an area

Key actors in the planning process

 Residents of host destination area

 Environmental advocacy groups

 Tourism-related and non-tourism related businesses

 Politicians and other elected officials

 Labor unions and other employee representatives

 Government officials.

Public and Private Planning

Public planning generally involves public

resources and objectives, such as creation of land, construction of highways, and other infrastructure.

Private sector planning consists of product

development, building, finance, marketing,

management and operations etc,.

4 Quy trình quy hoạch du lịch

 Stage 1: Recognizing the need for a tourism plan/strategy

 Stage 2: Setting objectives/goals for a specific planning strategy

 Why developing tourism?

 What benefits are expected from tourism?

 Type of tourism and visitor profiles?

 Limits on tourism growth?

 Time frame for development?

 Stage 3: Survey of existing data

 Stage 4: Implementation of new surveys

 Stage 5: Analysis of secondary and primary data

 Stage 6: Plan creation

 Stage 7: Recommendations of the plan

 Stage 8: Implementation of the plan

 Stage 9: Monitoring, evaluation and re-formulation

Demand Analysis - Existing and Intended Visitor Market

Market Analysis

 Tourist arrivals and characteristics

 Travel patterns and trends (season, changes)

Supply Analysis – Destination and its attractions

 Attractions, accommodations, and facilities

 Transportation network, infrastructure, and manpower

 Inventory of Existing Attractions

 Inventory of Facilities, services and Infrastructure

 Business and Legal environment

Tourism Impact Analysis

 Environmental Impacts

 Anticipating the impacts of development is one of the most

crucial functions of a tourism plan

 Physical environment impacts: Region; climate; existing land

uses; project site; soils; flooding; water quality; hazardous

materials and waste.

 Infrastructure and public facilities: traffic and transportation;

wastewater, water supply, drainage, electrical power,

emergency services.

 Socio-cultural Impacts

 To what extend is the society dependent upon a more traditional economy?

 How will existing family structures and patterns fit with the

possible employment of family members?

 How do residents feel about performing cultural practices before foreigners?

Tourism Marketing Plan

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