Giáo án Tiếng Anh ôn vào lớp 10 kèm bài tập hay

Trắc nghiệm - Chia động từ - Dùng dạng đúng của từ cho trong ngoặc để hoàn thành câu.. Bây giờ, tôi cảm thấy chóng mặt, tôi nghĩ tôi sẽ ốm mất • Thì tương lai gần thường có các trạng từ

Yen khanh DEPARTMENT OF TRAINING AND EDUCATION

Khanh Hai secondary school

   

TÀI LIỆU ÔN THI VÀO LỚP 10

CẤU TRÚC ĐỀ THI MÔN T.ANH

I Phonetics: (1m)

- Chọn 1 từ có phần gạch chân phát âm khác với các từ còn lại.

II Grammar, vocabulary and language functions: (4=>5m)

- Chọn phương án trả lời thích hợp A, B, C or D để hoàn thành câu (Trắc nghiệm)

- Chia động từ

- Dùng dạng đúng của từ cho trong ngoặc để hoàn thành câu (BT biến đổi từ)

- Dùng từ cho trong ngoặc để nối 2 câu thành 1 câu

III Reading: (2->3,5m)

- Chọn từ thích hợp cho sẵn (ở trong ngoặc) diền vào mỗi chỗ trống để hoàn thành đoạn văn

- Đọc đoạn văn rồi trả lời các câu hỏi theo nội dung đoạn văn

- Chọn đáp án đúng A, B, C or D điền vào mỗi chỗ trống đề hoàn thành đoạn văn

IV Writing: (2=>3m)

- Dùng từ, cụm từ gợi ý viết thành câu hoàn chỉnh

- Sắp xếp từ, cụm từ cho sẵn thành câu có nghĩa

- Viết lại câu bắt đầu bằng từ/cụm từ gợi ý cho trước sao cho ý nghĩa của câu không thay đổi so với ban đầu

TÀI LIỆU ÔN THI VÀO LỚP 10

I TENSES: CÁC THÌ TRONG TIẾNG ANH: 6 THÌ

II FORMS OF VERBS: CÁC DẠNG CỦA ĐỘNG TỪ

III CONDITIONAL SENTENCES: CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN

IV WISH: ĐIỀU ƯỚC

V DIRECT + REPORTED SPEECH: TRỰC TIẾP – GIÁN TIẾP

VI PASSIVE VOICE: CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG

VII TAG QUESTIONS: CÂU HỎI ĐUÔI

VIII SUGGESTIONS: LỜI ĐỀ NGHỊ

IX CONNECTIVES: TỪ NỐI

X ADJ AND ADV: TÍNH TỪ – TRẠNG TỪ + CÁC LOẠI CÂU SO SÁNH

XI RELATIVE CLAUSES MĐ QUAN HỆ:

XII PHRASAL VERBS: CỤM ĐỘNG TỪ

XIII PREPOSITIONS: GIỚI TỪ

XIV: PHONETICS: NGỮ ÂM

Infinitive Past(V2) Past participle(V3) Nghĩa

abide abode abode Trú ngụ,chịu đựng A

awake awoke awoke, awaked Tỉnh dậy ,đánh thức

be was, were been Thì, là, ở, bị được B

cast cast cast Liệng, ném, quăng c

deal dealt dealt Giao thiệp, chia bài d

eat ate eaten Ăn e fall fell fallen Ngã, rơi f

3

get got got, gotten Được, trở nên g

hang hung hung Treo h

keep kept kept Giữ k

lead led led Dẫn dắt, lãnh đạo l

make made made Làm, chế tạo m

mistake mistook mistaken Lầm lẫn

pay paid paid Trả tiền p

read read read Đọc r

say said said Nói s

shake shook shaken Lắc, lay, rũ

spread spread spread Trải ra, làm tràn

swell swelled swellen Phồng lờn, sưng

take took taken Lấy t

unbend unbent unent Dàn ra u undergo underwent undergone Chịu đựng

understand understood understood Hiểu

wake woke woken Thức tỉnh w

Chuyên đề 1: các thì cơ bản trong tiếng anh

5

TT Thì Công thức chia Dấu hiệu chia

1. Hiện tại đơn

(Have: I, we, you, they, Ns.

Has: she, he, it, N)

 Since + (mốc thời gian), Since then

 For + (khoảng thời gian)

 Yesterday, last month, last week,

 Time + ago = time + before

 Hai hành động xảy ra song song ở quá khứ đều chia quá khứ tiếp diễn

I, She, he, it, N(số ít): was

we, you, they, N(số nhiều): were

6 Tương lai đơn

Is She, he, it, N(số ít)

Are We, you, they, N(số nhiều)

Động từ thường

Do, don’t, V-nd I, we, you, they, N(số nhiều)

Does, doesn’t, Vs,es She, he, it, N(số ít)

Ves: khi các động từ kết thúc bằng sh, ch, s, o, x

THÌ TƯƠNG LAI GẦN (NEAR FUTURE TENSE) và tương lai đơn

1 Thì tương lai gần:

A USAGE

Thì tương lai gần được dùng để:

1 Nói một sự việc sẽ được làm trong tương lai nhưng tại thời điểm nói, người nói đã quyết định làm

- I’m going to spend my holiday in the country (Tôi sẽ đi nghỉ ở vùng quê)

- When I grow up, I’m going to work as a teacher (Khi lớn lên tôi sẽ làm giáo viên)

2 Dự đoán một sự việc sẽ xảy ra trong tương lai thông qua tình huống ở hiện tại

- Look at the black clouds It is going to rain (Nhìn những đám mây đen kìa, trời sắp mưa đấy)

- I feel dizzy now, I think I’m going to be ill (Bây giờ, tôi cảm thấy chóng mặt, tôi nghĩ tôi sẽ ốm mất)

• Thì tương lai gần thường có các trạng từ thời gian trong tương lai đi kèm như: Tomorrow, tonight, the day after tomorrow, next week, next month, next jun, in 5 year’ time (Năm năm nữa)

• To go thường dùng ở thì hiện tại tiếp diễn

- They are going to shopping tomorrow (Ngày mai họ sẽ đi mua sắm)

- They are going to Ha Noi next week (Tuần tới họ sẽ đi Hà Nội)

2 THÌ TƯƠNG LAI ĐƠN

* Khi nào dùng thì tương lai đơn ?

- Khi muốn diễn tả một hành động mà người nói quyết định thực hiện ngay khi nói.

+ I AM SO HUNGRY I WILL MAKE MYSELF A SANDWICH = Tôi đói bụng quá Tôi sẽ tự đi làm cho mình cái bánh mì sandwich

- Khi muốn diễn tả một lời hứa:

+ (I PROMISE) I WILL NOT TELL ANYONE ELSE ABOUT YOUR SECRET = (Tôi hứa) tôi sẽ không nói cho ai biết về bí mật của bạn

- Khi muốn diễn tả một dự đoán về tương lai.

+ IT WILL RAIN TOMORROW = Ngày mai trời sẽ mưa

So sánh sự khác nhau giữa thì tương lai gần và thì tương lai đơn

A Nói về hành động ở thì tương lai

Hãy nghiên cứu sự khác nhau giữa will và going to:

Sue đang nói chuyện với Helen:

Sue: Let’s have a party

Hãy tổ chức một buổi tiệc đi

Helen: That’s a great idea We’ll invite lots of people

Thật là một ý kiến hay Chúng ta sẽ mời nhiều người tới dự

Bài tập vận dụng

I Put the verbs in brackets into the present simple :

1 I (be) a teacher of English at a junior school in Bac Giang

2 She often (get) _good marks at Maths

3 They usually (work) five days a week

4 It (not rain) _ much in our country in winter

5 How many people (be) there in your family?

6 What _your father (do) ? – He is an engineer

7 Lan usually (play) _the piano after school

8 your school (have ) _an English club?

9 My teacher always ( help) us to do difficult exercises

10 The Earth (circle) _the sun once every 365 days

II Put the verbs in brackets into the present progressive :

1 I (read) an interesting book at the moment

2 He (write) a long novel at present

7

3 The students (plant) _trees in the garden at the moment.

4 Children (become) more and more active

5 Look! Our new teacher(come)

6 Where is your mother? – She (water) _the flowers in the garden

7 They (do) some experiments at the moment

8 Come in, we (have) a party

9 Look, The Sun (shine) , and the birds (sing) _

10 Do not turn off the TV! She (watch) the weather forecast

III Put the verbs in brackets into the present simple or present progressive :

1 My father (plant) some fruit trees in the garden now

2 What your _father (do) in the evening?- he usually (watch) TV but sometimes he (read) _books

3 We (not go) _ to the zoo very often

4 Lan and Phong (be) _in the kitchen They (prepare) _dinner

5.How you (feel) now?- I (feel) a bit tired

6 Look! The plane (fly) _toward the airport It (land) _

7 We’ll go out when the rain (stop)

8 What you (do) now? – We (play) soccer

9 Bears (like) honey

10 Where (be) _your mother? – She (be) in the bathroom Maybe, she (have) a bath

IV Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple:

1 I (have) _a busy day yesterday

2 My parents (buy) _this house 20 years ago

3 I (phone) _her last night but she (not answer) _

4 Her mother (take) _her to the zoo last Sunday

5 _you (be) at home yesterday morning?

6 He (come) _into the room, (turn) on the TV, (sit) _on the sofa and

(begin) watching TV

7 I (not do) my homework last night, I (go) _out with my friend

8 When you (start) learning English?

9 He wishes he (be) _a millionaire

10 What would you do if you (win) lottery?

V Put the verbs in brackets into the past progressive:

1 I (do) _my homework when he phoned me last night

2 They (wait) for me at 7 o’clock last night

3 My children (play) with the toys while I (prepare) _dinner

4 We (talk) on the phone at this time yesterday

5 He (walk) _home when he saw the accident

6 At 4 o’clock yesterday afternoon we (play) football in the schoolyard

7 It stared to rain when we (watch) TV

8 When they (have) a drink, a waiter dropped a pile of plates

VI Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple or past progressive:

1 At this time last Sunday,they (play) soccer

2 What _you (do) at 8 o’clock last night?- I (listen) _to music

3 Mr Lam (work) _in the library when the phone rang

4 Of couse I know them They (live) next door to me some years ago

5The children (play) tennis when it (start) _raining

6 My cousin and I (watch) a film on TV last night when my brother (come) .He (watch) the end of the film with us

7 I (practice) _speaking English while my sister (play) with toys

8 Brad (leave) _Bac Giang last Sunday

9 When I (come) , they (talk) _about the show on TV.

10 The dog (attrack) _Mr Pitt when he (walk) _along quietly

VII Put the verbs in brackets into the present perfect:

1 He (live) in Bac Giang for 20 years

2 They (know) each other since 2000

3 you (do) _the homework yet

4 Mrs Lan (teach) _in this school since 1998

5 Nam isn’t here He just (go) _out

6 I (read) this book several times

7 AIDS (kill) a lot of people recently

8 She never (eat) _ this kind of this food before

9 I (not meet) him since we left school

10 How long you (work) _ for this company?

VIII Put the verbs in brackets into the present perfect or past simple:

1 you (watch) _the news on TV last night?

2 I (not see ) _him for months

3 _you ever (win) _a competition? –Yes, I (win) a photographic competition in 2001

4 He smiled at me in a friendly way when he (see) me

5 The band Super Junior (be) famous in our country recently

6 you (meet) him when you were at university

7 They have lived in this flat since they (come) _

8 My teacher wasn’t at home when we (arrive) He (just go) out

9 _you ever (connect) _a printer? I (know) _how to connect it since I (be)

twelve

10. you (see) _the film Harry Porter yet? – Yes, I (see) last year

IX Put the verbs in brackets into the simple future or “ be going to ”:

1 My daughter (be) 13 on her next birthday

2 We (go) on vacation in Ha Long Bay next weekend

3 He (phone) _me as soon as he arrives to Ho Chi Minh City

4 We (not have) to go to school tomorrow

5 I promise I (learn) harder

6 He (get) _a lot of money if he works harder

7 He has bought a new scraf He (give) _it to his mom on her next birthday

8 It’s hot here I (turn) _on the air conditioner

Chuyên đề 2 : DẠNG CỦA ĐỘNG TỪ

I To – infinitive.( To V)

Sử dụng trong cỏc trường hợp sau:

- sau cỏc động từ: want,would like, intend, decide, expect, hope, mean, offer, promise, refuse, wish,

……

- sau cỏc tớnh từ: trừ It’s no use/ It’s no worth/ S + be busy + V- ing

- sau cỏc phú từ: enough, too,

9

- trong cấu trúc: - It + takes/ took + O +(time) + to-inf

- S + V + O +(not) + to-inf

( V: ask, get, tell, want, advise, request, )

* Eg: I want to buy a new house.

I’m glad to pass the exam.

II Bare infinitive.( INF)

Sử dụng trong các trường hợp sau:

- sau Model Verbs như: can, may, must, will, shall, would, should, would rather , had better,

- trong cấu trúc với V là : make, let, have

S+ make + O + Inf

S + let + O + Inf

S + have + O + Inf

- trong cấu trúc với V là động từ tri giác: see, hear, notice, feel,.

*Eg: I can speak English very well.

I hear him come in.

III GERUND V+ing ( Danh động từ : động từ thêm “ing” )

Theo sau các trường hợp sau đây ta thường sử dụng động từ thêm “ing”:

1 Sau các động từ: like, dislike, love, fancy, enjoy, hate, stop, suggest ( đề nghị ), practice/ practise ( thực hành), miss ( bỏ lỡ ), avoid ( tránh ), begin, start, finish, spend , … + V.ing

Ex: a The sale of jeans stopped growing because the worldwide economic situation got worse in the 1990s.

b She practices speaking English everyday.

2 Sau các giới từ: in, at, for, from, to, by, after, before, …

Theo sau các giới từ nếu là động từ thì thông thường là hình thức động từ dạng nguyên mẫu thêm “ing”

Ex: a I’m good at drawing.

b He doesn’t concentrate on the lesson He thinks of listening to pop music.

3 Khi làm chư ngữ trong câu:

Ex: Keeping the environment unpolluted is very important

Một số cấu trúc cần phân biệt :

remember + Ving : nhớ đã làm gì remember + to V : nhớ phải làm gì (chưa làm)

forget + Ving : quên 1 việc đã làm forget + to V : quên làm gì (chưa làm)

stop + Ving : dừng làm gì/ thôi hẳn/ từ bỏ hẳn stop + to V : dừng để làm gì

try + Ving : thử làm gì try + to V : cố gắng làm gì

regret + Ving : hối tiếc vì đã làm gì regret + to V : tiếc phải làm gì

Need + Ving : mang nghĩ bị động Need + to V : Mang nghĩ chủ động

I remember meeting you somewhere last year (tôi nhớ đã gặp bạn ở đâu đó hồi năm ngóai )

Don't forget to buy me a book :đừng quên mua cho tôi quyển sách nhé (chưa mua ,)

I regret lending him the book : tôi hối hận đã cho anh ta mượn quyển sách

I regret to tell you that ( tôi lấy làm tiếc để nói với bạn rằng )- chưa nói - bây giờ mới nói

I try eating the cake he makes ( tôi thử ăn cái bánh anh ta làm )

I try to avoid meeting him (tôi cố gắng tránh gặp anh ta )

Bài tập về dạng của động từ

1 Put the verbs in the brackets in the correct form.

1 I ask him ( turn)……… on the light

2 We are looking forward to ( hear) ……… from you

3 They want ( make ) ……….the beach clean and beautiful again

4 My father decided ( repair ) ………his old car.

5 I suggest ( collect ) ……… old paper to reduce

6 My mother often helps me ( do ) ……….my homework

7 Children are interested in ( read ) ……….comics

8 They had a mechanic ( repair ) ……….their car

9 When I’m tired, I enjoy ( watch ) ……….television It’s relaxing

10 Would you like ( have ) ………something to eat ?

11 It started ( rain ) ……… an hour ago Has it stopped ………….(rain) yet?

12 Our teacher made me ( answer ) ……… all the questions

13 I’ve enjoyed ( meet ) ……….you I hope ( see ) ………you again

14 I really dislike ( ask ) ……… to answer questions in class

15 It’s no use ( try ) ……….(persuade) ………him You won’t succeed

16 I used ( smoke ) ……….20 cigarettes a day, but now I give up ( smoke ) ………

17 Can you help me ( get ) ………the dinner ready?

18 I finished ( read ) ……….the book and went to bed

19 Let me ( pay ) ………for the meal You paid last time

20 It’s difficult ( get) ……….used to ( eat ) ……… with chopsticks

1 The headmaster begins ( arrange) the matter at one

2 She loves( swim) in the early morning

3 They agreed ( be) present at the opening ceremony

4 I don’t want (force) you ( do) what I say

5 Most people prefer (drive) to ( ride)

6 They have stopped (do) bussiness because of bad situations

7 I must ask you (stop, talk)

8 Let me( help) you (get) it right

9 We like (see) young students (work) hard for their future

10 I understand you want (borrow) my last volume of Harry Porter

11 Do you mind (process) these film again?

12 the manager let me ( watch) the actors and actresses (rehearse)

13 They denied( destroy) the flower beds in the schoolyard

14 He spends ages ( play) games online

15 They promised (help) me (prepare) for the party

2 Put the words in the correct order to have complete sentences Use the verbs in their appropriate infinitive or –ing forms.

Example: manager/see/ now/ want/ I / the -> I want to see the manager now.

1 Children/ buy/ often/ comics and sweet/ want/ their parents/ them

8 We/ get up/ for/ don’t/ than/ earlier/ usual/ work/ mind.

Hoàn thành các câu sau :

1 Tessa / want / buy / a new coat/ soon

10 Last year / we / make / an agreemen/ work / together

Chuyên đề 3: WISH (câu ớc)

1 Ước muốn ở hiện tai S + wish(es) + S2 + V ed/ were (now…………)

2 Ước muốn ở tương lai S + wish(es) + S2 + would/could/should + V nt ( tomorrow, next,

again, some day, in the future, when + S grow(s) up)

VIẾT LẠI CÂU SỬ DỤNG “WISH”

1 Am/ is/ are were not

Notes: -Bỏ: It’s a pity (that)

What a pity (that) I’m sorry

- (Nếu đề sử dụng tính từ thì có thể viết lại với tính từ trái nghĩa)

Ta có thể thay If only cho S + wish(es)

Ex: I wish I had more time to study = If only I had more time to study 1-GIVE THE CORRECT FORM OF THE VERBS: 1 I wish I (can/ speak) English perfectly  ……… ………… ………… …

2 I wish I (can) do this exercise  ……… ………… ………… …

3 I wish I (know) how to swim  ……… ………….… ……… …

4 I wish the weather (be) better today  ……… ………… ………… …

5 I wish you (like) my painting  ……… ………… …………

6 I wish I (not have to) work on Saturday  ……… ………… ………… …

7 I wish you (not come) here late  ……… ………… ………… ….………

8 I wish I (will be) there soon  ……… ………… ………… ….…

9 I wish I ( be) in Hue  ……… ………… ………… …

10.Lan wishes she (not/be) punished by the teacher  ……… ………… …

2-REWRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES: 1.What a pity! You aren't here with us now I wish

2 What a pity! He can't come here I wish

3 I'm sorry, I can't help you I wish

4 I don't have time to help you do this work I wish

5 I don't know Paul's phone number I wish

6.He can't swim as well as his friends He wishes

7.I don't know much about him I wish

8.I am sorry I am not well now I wish

9.They don't have enough money They wish

10.It's a pity! I can't borrow your car I wish

11.I'm sorry I can't tell you the truth I wish

12.It is a shame, we don't have a radio We wish

13

13.I have to work every Sunday.

Chuyên đề 4: Conditional sentences (Câu điều kiện)

1, Type 1: Điều kiện cú thể xảy ra ở hiện tại / tương lai

If + S + V (s,es) + … , S2 + will/shall + Inf

2, Type 2: Điều kiện khụng cú thật ở hiện tại (hay cõu giả định)

If +S + Vqk /were…., S2 + would/ could / might+ Inf

3/ Viết lại cõu với cõu điều kiện

- Unless = if not <=> Unless + MĐ khẳng định = If + MĐ phủ định

a Nếu đề ở tương lai thỡ dựng đk loại 1:

b Khi câu đề ở hiện tại thì dùng đk loại 2 + phản nghĩa.

Vd: It is rainy I can’t go to school=> If ………

Vd: Today isn’t Sunday We can’t go swimming => If today………

c Khi câu đề là “Don’t + V… + or + MĐ” thì bỏ don’t thay bằng If you rồi chép lại hết, bỏ or thay bằng dấu phẩy

vd: Don’t go out or you will get wet => If you ………

d Khi câu đề là: V…+ or + MĐ thì viết lại với If you don’t (chép lại hết bỏ or thay bằng dấu phẩy)vd: Raise your hand or I will kill you => If you ………

e Khi câu đề có because thì dùng đk loại 2 + phản nghĩa (bỏ because thay bằng if)

vd: He can’t go out because he has to do his homework. > If ………

f Khi đề có từ ‘so’ thì bỏ ‘so’ thay bằng dấu phẩy;dùng đk loại 2 +phản nghĩa

vd: She is lazy so she can’t pass the exam. > If………

EX1:Chia động từ trong ngoặc.

1 If he (eat) another cake, he will be sick

2 If he (take) _my advice, everything can go well

3 He never does homework If he( do) his homework, he(not worry) about his exam

4 If you played for us, we( win)

5.What you (do) if she refuses your invitation?

6 If today (be) Sunday, we (go) to the beach

7 Unless they (pass) their examinations, they would join the army

8 You (be) ill if you drink that water

9.If Tom (go) _to bed earlier,he would not be so tired

10.If it’s raining heavily, we (not go) for a donkey ride

11 If he (try) hard, he’ll pass the examination

12 I could understand the French teacher if she (speak) more slowly

13 If I (be)……… you, I wouldn’t worry about going to university

14 If the doctor can’t help me, I (go)……… somewhere else

15 Will you tell me if there (be) ……….any problems?

16 If you drove more carefully, you (not have) ……… so many accidents

17 If he (get)……… earlier, he’d get to work on time

18 If we (have)……… more time, I could tell you more about it

19 If this house costs too much, I (buy)……… A smaller one

20 If you (sell)……… more products, you’d earn more money

21 What would you do if you suddenly (win)……… half a million pounds?

22 His car would be safer if he (buy)……… some new tyers

EX2:Choose the best sentences

1 If I go shopping, I ………some food

a buy b will buy c would buy d would have bought

2 If I find it, I ………you

a will tell b would tell c had told d told

3 What would you do if you………a million dollars?

4 You won’t pass the examination………you study more

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a as long as b unless c if d whether.

5 If only I …………you wanted to invest money in business

6 If I were in your place, I ……….a trip to England

a will make b had made c made d would make

7 If I ………… you , I’d save some of your lottery winning

8 If I had enough money, I ……… abroad to improve my English

a will go b go c would go d should have to go

9 If it …… convenient, let’s go out for a drink tonight

III Rewrite the sentence

11 You should apologize for the misunderstanding to her

Chuyên đề 5 : REPORTED SPEECH (Câu gián tiếp)

*Những thay đổi khi chuyển từ câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp :

-Đổi ngôi, đổi thì, từ chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn theo quy tắc

1/ Chuyển đổi đại từ:

a Ngụi thứ nhất (I, we: theo người núi/ dựa theo chủ ngữ của mệnh đề tường thuật)

Trực tiếp Giỏn tiếp Trực tiếp Giỏn tiếp Trực tiếp Giỏn tiếp

b Ngụi thứ 2 (You: theo người nghe/ dựa vào tõn ngữ của mệnh đề tường thuật).

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Đại từ nhân xưng Tính từ sở hữu Tân ngữ

Trực tiếp Gián tiếp Trực tiếp Gián tiếp Trực tiếp Gián tiếp

them

c Ngôi thứ 3: (She, he, it, they: không đổi)

Trực tiếp Gián tiếp Trực tiếp Gián tiếp Trực tiếp Gián tiếp

2/ Chuyển đổi thì: Quy tắc lùi một thì

1

Hiện tại đơnInf/ Vs,esdon’t/doesn’t + Inf

Quá khứ đơn V- ed/ V2 didn’t + Inf

2 Hiện tại tiếp diễn

Am/is/ are +(not)+ Ving

Quá khứ tiếp diễnWas/ were +(not)+ Ving

3 Hiện tại hoàn thành

Has/ have + PII

Quá khứ hoàn thànhHad + PII(V- ed/ V3)

V- ed/ V2

Quá khứ hoàn thànhHad + PII( V-ed/v3)5

Must/ have to/ has to had to

Am/ is/ are going to Was/ were going to

3-§æi tõ chØ thêi gian, n¬i chèn:

Last night/ week/ month/ year

Next week/ month/ year

ThatThose There Then/ at one/ immediately

BeforeThat dayThat nightThe next/ following day

The day before/ the previous dayThe night/ week/ month/ year before hoÆc the previous night…

The following week/ month/ year

4/ Công thức của các mẫu câu cơ bản:

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1 Câu mệnhlệnh KĐ :“ InfPĐ: “ Don+ … ”, ’t +Inf +…”,

eg: “don’t stay up late, Hoa”, he said

“ Can/ Could you + Inf ?”

“ Will/ Would you + Inf ?”

“ Do/ Would you mind + V-ing ?”

PĐ: “ Don’t + Inf ”

S + asked + O + to V

S + asked + O + not to V3

S + advised + O + not to VHoặc: S + said that S + shouldn’t

2 Câu trầnthuật S + said, “ S + V + … ”S + said + O, “ S + V ” S + said (that) S + V( lùi một thì)

S + told + O (that) S + V( lùi một thì)

3 Câu hỏiđảo “ TĐH + S + V ?” S + asked + O / wondered+ If + s +

V( lïi mét th× ).

4 Câu hỏi có “Wh-q + TĐH + S + V?” S + asked + O / wondered+ wh-q + S

I Rewrite these sentences, using reported speech

1 Charles said, “I’m living in London now.”

II-Change into reported speech: (Affirmative Imperatives: )

1.He said to me:” Let’s go to the zoo.”

→ ……… ……… ………

2 My sister said to me, “ Open the window.”

→ My sister ……… 3.She said to her classmate:” Be quiet, please!”

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→ ……… 4.The teacher said to his student:” Write these sentences.”

→ ……… 5.The mother said to her son, “ move here, please.”

→ The mother ……… …………

III-Change into reported speech: Negative Imperatives:

1 He said to me:”Don’t make noise in class,please.”

→ ………… ………

2 She said to the passer-by:” Don’t turn left at the two blocks ahead.”

→ ……… ……….…………3.She said to her classmate:” Don’t talk in class.”

→ ……… ………4.The teacher said to his student:” Don’t touch that new board.”

→ ……… ………5.The mother said to her son, “ Don’t put off your coat, please.”

→ The mother ……… …………

IV- Rewrite the following Yes/No questions in reported speech, use IF or WHETHER:

1.“Do you enjoy reading books?” Phong asked Peter

=> Phong asked Peter………

2 “Does she like sports?”Hoa asked Lan

=>Hoa asked ………

3 “Does Hoa play badminton?” Lan asked Thu

=>Lan asked Thu……….………

4 “Does your sister and brother go to the same school?”She asked Nam

=>She asked………

5 “Do the children perform on TV?” Her mother asked her teacher

=>Her mother asked………

6 “Are there some oranges in the fridge?” She asked her mom

II-Rewriting these Wh-questions in reported speech:

1 “Where does your father work?” The teacher asked me

7 “When will you visit Ha Noi?” Hoa asked her parents.

III- Put the following sentences into reported speech:

1 “Where are you studying?” Mr.Bruce asked

12 “ Give me the book, Mary” said the man

The man told………

13 “ Pleace give some money, mum” said the boy

The boy told………

14 “ Don’t stay here, boys” the man said

The man told………

15 Mary asked Tom: “ Are you a student?”

TT Thỡ Chủ động Bị động

2 Hiện tại tiếp diễn S + am/is/are + Ving + O S+ am/is/are/ + being + PII

4 Quỏ khứ tiếp diễn S + was/were + Ving + O So + was/were + being + PII

5 Hiện tại hoànthành S + have/has + PII + O So + have/has + been+ PII

6 TL + ĐT khuyếtthiếu

Will/can/may/must have to/ has to + V

be going toought to

Will/can/may/must have to/ has to + be PII

be going toought to

2/ Cỏch chuyển từ cõu chủ động sang cõu bị động:

S + V + O (Chủ động)

SO + be+ PII + + by + O (Bị động)

* Note: Cụm 'by + O" chỉ bắt buộc khi tõn ngữ là danh từ riờng hoặc là cụm danh từ cú tớnh từ sở hữu đi kốm

3/ Phần dành cho lớp chọn:

7- BĐ của động từ cú 2 tõn ngữ: give, teach, tell, send, bring, make, pay (Thụng thường

chuyển tõn ngữ chỉ người lờn làm chủ ngữ)

8- BĐ với cõu hỏi đảo: Yes-No questions:

9- BĐ với cõu hỏi cú từ hỏi: Wh- questions

10- S1 + say/said

believe/believed + that S2 + V2

think/thought

C1 => It + is/was + PII(V1) + that + S2 + V2

C2 => S2 + be + PII(V1) + to + V2nt (Nếu V2 ở hiện tại/HTTD)

have + PII(V2) (Nếu V2 ở qk/HTHT)

11- BĐ với chủ ngữ cú từ No: Chuyển sang bị động phải ở thể phủ định

12- S + make/made + O + Vnt + => So + is/are was/were + made + to Vnt +

13- S+ Have/has/had + O + Vnt + N => So + Have/has/had + N + PII +

1- Thì hiện tại th ờng:Đổi các câu sau sang thể bị động:

1 Mary does some exercises everyday

2- Câu bị động của các động từ khuyết thiếu:Đổi các câu sau sang thể bị động:

1.You mustn't use this machine

3-Thì quá khứ th ờng:Đổi các câu sau sang thể bị động:

1.Tolstoy wrote "War and peace"

4 Thì hiện tại hoàn thành:Đổi các câu sau sang dạng bị động:

1.My brother has written a lot of plays

6- BĐ của động từ cú 2 tõn ngữ: give, teach, tell, send, bring, make, pay (Thụng thường chuyển

tõn ngữ chỉ ngườ lờn làm chủ ngữ

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1, They paid me a lot of money to do the job

2, The teacher gave us two exercises yesterday

3, He brought me a cup of tea

4, Mr Huan teaches us English

5, They/ gave /Linda/ a prize for one of her books

7 BĐ với câu hỏi đảo: Yes-No questions:

1 Do they teach English here?

2 Will you invite her to your wedding party?

3 Is she going to write a poem?

4 Have they changed the window of the library?

8 BĐ với câu hỏi có từ hỏi: Wh- questions

1 Where do people speak English?

2 How can they open this safe?

3 How long have they wait for the doctor?

4 How many games have the team played?

5 What books are people reading this year?

9 S1 + say/said believe/believed + that MĐ

1 People believe that 13 is an unlucky number

2 They think that he has died for many years

3 They say that John is the biggest student in class

4 They thought that she won the first prize

5 People said that he was living in London

10 BĐ với chủ ngữ có từ No: Chuyển sang bị động phải ở thể phủ định

1 No one signed this cheque

2 Nobody has seen Tim since he left school in 1990

3 Nobody saw her at the party last night ………

4 No one could do anything to put the fire out ………

5 Nobody will solve this hard problem

11 S+ Have/has/had + O + Vnt + N => S+ Have/has/had + N + P II +

1 I had my brother repair my computer yesterday

2 My mother got me to buy some sugar

3 He had the man clean his motorbike

4 Ellen got Mary to type her paper

5 We got him paint my house last week

12 S + make/made + o + V nt + => S 2 + is/are was/were + made + to V nt +

VD: “She made me do a lot of homework => I was made to do a lot of homework.

13 Turn into the passive voice:

1 The stunami destroyed a large area in Japan last year

14 Cho dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc:

1.Newspapers(read)……… by over 200.000 people everyday

2.The Eiffel Tower (visit)……… by millions of people every year

3.I (clean)……… my house in the morning

4.You should (study)……… harder

5.Lan loves (read) ……… books in the library

6.Hoa asks her brother (not/ play)……… games

7.You (see) ……….our new English teacher yet?

8 Lan’s grandparents (visit) ………by her next week

9 My sister (practice) ……….her music lesson now

10.Lan’s letter (send)……… since last month

11.Yesterday our teacher (arrive)……… 5 minutes late

13.When I (arrive)……… at the airport yesterday, I (meet) ………by my family.14.A new school (build)……… in our village last month

15.Peter (do)……… this work last week

16.That homework (do) ………by Tom

18.They (write) ………this essay yesterday

19.This computer (buy)……… yesterday by my father

20.I (clean) ……… my house everyday

21.I (live) ……… here since I was born

22.I( read)……… his books when I was at school

23.I cant go out because I (not do) ……… my homework yet

24.Alot of plays (write) ……… by Shakepeare

25.I (not see) ……… her for three years

26.The moon (see)……… last night by Hoa

27.She (spend) ………her holiday here since last week

28.You (have) ……… breakfast yet?

29.Hung just (play)……… video games

Mệnh đề chớnh

(Khẳng Định) Phần hỏi đuụi(Phủ Định) (Khẳng phủ định)Mệnh đề chớnh (Khẳng Định)Phần hỏi đuụi

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Vqk Didn’t Didn’t did

Have/ has + PII Haven’t/ hasn’t Haven’t/ hasn’t + PII Have/ has

* Notes:

- Nếu chủ ngữ là các danh từ thì chủ ngữ ở hỏi đuôi phải đổi thành các đại từ nhân xưng tương ứng Chủ ngữ là there thì ở hỏi đuôi vẫn là: there

- Let’s + thì hỏi đuôi là: shall we

- I’m hoặc I am thì hỏi đuôi là: aren’t I

- Chủ ngữ là nothing thì chủ ngữ hỏi đuôi là it

EX1 Viết phần đuôi của các câu hỏi sau:

1 It isn’t ready yet, ……… ……… ?

2 We must hurry, ……….……… …….?

3 They won’t stop long, ……… ………….?

4 You asked for mustard, ……… ………… ?

5 She speaks too quickly, ……… … ?

6 He will arrive soon, ……… ……….?

7 They told me a lie, ……… ……?

8 It can’t be so bad, ……… ……?

9 It was a pity, ……… ……?

10 They have sold the house, ……… ….?

11 You are leaving here tomorrow, ……… ……?

12 You can’t come next week, ……… …….?

13 He should have come home earlier, ……… …?

14 We need some more sugar, ……… ………?

15 He used to live near here, ……… ?

16 He shouldn’t put so much salt in it, ……… ……?

17 You have read this article on the website, ……… ……?

18 You don’t read this article on the website, ……… ………?

19 You mustn’t do that again, ……… ……?

20 You have heard about that, ……… ?

* Nếu chủ ngữ là các danh từ thì chủ ngữ ở hỏi đuôi phải đổi thành các đại từ nhân xưng tương ứng

1 Ba’s village lies near the foot of the moutain, _?

2 Mary is reading a book in her room, ……… ?

3 His parents won’t buy him a new game, ……… ?

4 Nam did the work well, ……… ?

5 Daisy has seen that films several times, _?

6 Her daughter doesn’t spend time surfing the web, _?

7 Those men never worked on a farm, _?

8 People of different ages like this magazine, _?

9 Interactive TV is available now, _?

10 Our teachers have taken inspiration from some minorities, ?

11 Hung and I can eat those cakes, _?

12 His children may swim, _?

13 Nam and Binh have to study harder, _?

14 Women today often prefer to wear modern clothing at work, ?

15 The Parkers had a picnic on the river bank, _?

16 Lan used to walk past the mosque on her way to primary school, _?

17 My sister has to make this room tidy, _?

18 This poet has mentioned the ao dai in poems, _?

19 Linh didn’t feel confident in her favorite clothes, _?

20 The two cities are not the same in some ways, _?

* No/never

1 Nobody wrote poems yesterday, did they?

2 Nothing could be done, ……… ?

3 Nobody understands what the lady over there says, ……… …………?

4 Nothing makes you bored, ……… ………?

5 She never tells the truth, …….……… ……?

6 The woman seldom writes poems and stories, ….……… ……?

7 They never go to the theatre, ……… ?

* Let’s + thì hỏi đuôi là: shall we

1 Let’s listen to the radio, shall we?

2 Let’s forget unhappy things, ……… ?

3 Let’s sing it again, ……… ……?

4 Let’s dance together, ……… …?

* I’m hoặc I am thì hỏi đuôi là: aren’t I

1) I am clever, ……… ?

2) I am wearing wrong shoes, ……… ……… ?

3) I’m late for the party, ……… ?

* Chủ ngữ là there thì ở hỏi đuôi vẫn là: there

1) There’s an examination tomorrow, ……… ?

2) There are many religions in Malasia, ……… ……… ?

* YES-NO QUESTION AND TAG-QUESTION (TĐT+ S + V……? <=> S + V, TĐT not + S?)

1 Do you like English?

Câu gợi ý Đồng ý Không đồng ý Let’s

-That’s a good idea

-No, let’s not

-No I don’t want to.-I don’t think it’s a good idea

1- Give the correct form of the verbs:

1, I suggested (go) ……… to a restaurant by the seaside

2, I suggest (take) ……… …… a shower instead of a bath

3, He suggests they ( make) ……… posters on energy saving

4, How about ( save)……… …… energy

5, I suggest (use) ……… water economically

2- Choose the best answer:

1, I think you ………… wear your best clothes to the party

2, I suggest ………… off the lights before going out

3, She suggested that we …… … walk to school

4, What about ……… soccer this afternoon

5, I suggest ………… Some money for poor children

6, Let’s ……… up the beach

7, He suggests………… a shower to save water

8, Let’s go somewhere for a drink, ……….?

3- Rewrite these sentences.

1, Shall wego to the cinema tonight?

7, What about going to work by bikes instead of motorbikes to save energy?

=> Shall we ……….?

8, “Let’s use fewer plastic bags.” She said

=> She suggested ………

4- Complete these sentences using the words given.

1, He/ suggested / go / night club

 and : và, còn (dùng để thêm thông tin bổ sung)

(Có thể dùng not only……but also: không những ….mà còn : để viết lại)

+He is handsome and generous (adj + adj)

 or : hay, hoặc (Diễn tả sự lựa chọn, thờng ở dạng câu hỏi).

+Do you study English or history ?

 So/ therefore: Diễn tả hậu quả, Therefore: có thể đứng sau dấu chấm, dấu phẩy, dấu hai chấm hoặc

sau chủ ngữ

+He is busy, so he can’t help you

= He is busy.Therefore, he can’t help you

 Because, As, Since : Bởi vì (diễn tả nguyên nhân)

Because, As, Since + S + V… , S + V…

*Rút gọn mệnh đề trạng từ chỉ nguyên nhân:

-Có thể rút gọn thành cụm từ chỉ nguyên nhân với cụm giới từ:

*Chủ ngữ ở 2 mệnh đề phải trùngnhau:

Because + S + be + adj Ex:Nam failed the exam because he was lazy

=> Because of + TTSH + Noun => Nam failed the exam because of his laziness.

+Danh động từ… => Nam failed the exam because of being lazy.

*Chủ ngữ ở 2 mệnh đề không trùng nhau:

+Vật, sự việc:

Because + Noun + be + adj They can’t go fishing because the weather is bad

=> Because of + the + adj + Noun They can’t go fishing because of the bad weather

+Ngời:

Because + TTSH + N+ be + adj/ V3 He couldn’t go to school because his leg was broken => Because of + TTSH + adj /V3 + Noun He couldn’t go to school because of his broken leg

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 but: nối 2 ý tơng phản nhau.

+He is fat but his brother is thin

 However: tuy nhiên = But : Diễn tả sự tơng phản, nhng luôn dùng để nối 2 mệnh đề.

+He is 70 However, he’s still active

 Even though, Though, Although : mặc dù: diễn tả sự trái ng ợc

Even though

Though + S + V… , S + V…

Although

=>Có thể rút gọn:

Despite + V-ing/ noun phrase

In spite of + the fact that + S + V…., S + V……

-Chú ý: -Công thức rút gọn … +V-ing: dùng khi hai mệnh đề trùng chủ ngữ

-Công thức rút gọn ………+ Noun phrase: dùng khi hai mệnh đề trùng chủ ngữ hoặc không trùng chủ ngữ

+Trờng hợp rút gọn:

*Trùng chủ ngữ:

Ex: He is ill but he goes to school

=>Despite/ In spite of being ill, he goes to school

=>In spite of/ Despite his illness, he goes to school

*Không trùng chủ ngữ:

Ex: The weather is bad but we go to the beach

=>In spite of/ Despite the bad weather, we go to the beach

Eg1: I study hard I want to pass the exam

=> I study hard in order to/ so as to/ to pass the exam

Eg2: I study hard I don’t want to fail the exam

=> I study hard in order not to/ so as not to fail the exam

*Có thể dùng so that hoặc in order that để thay thế + S + V…

Eg: I study hard I want to pass the exam

=> I study hard so that/ in order that I pass the exam

 Cấu trúc với: đã đến lúc ai đó phải làm gì:

It’s time/ high time + S + V-qk… (be: were cho tất cả các ngôi)

= It’s time/ high time + (for + O) + to V-nd….

Eg: It’s time/ high time we studied the lesson carefully

= It’s time/ high time for us to study the lesson carefully

 Cấu trúc với “would rather”:

+ Ai đó thích làm gì hơn làm gì:

S + would rather + V/ N + than + V/ N

= S + prefer + V-ing/ N + to + V-ing/ N.

Eg: He would rather play games than study the lesson

= He prefers playing games to studying the lesson

+ S1 thớch/ khụng thớch S2 làm gỡ hơn:

S1 + would rather + S2 + V-qk ………

didn’t + V-nd…… (be: were cho tất cả cỏc ngụi)

Eg: The teacher would rather students studied harder

I would rather it were cold

Ex: My father used to smoke = My father often smoked.

= My father doesn’t smoke any more

*Quen làm gì: diễn đạt việc làm quen, thích nghi với việc gì đó ở hiện tại.

S + get + used to + V-ing………= S + tobe + used to + V-ing…

Ex: I am/ get used to getting up early in the morning

 It’s + adjective + to-V: th ật nh ư thế nào để làm gỡ

=> It’s + adj + (for + O) + to V… = V-ing… + tobe + adj + (for + O)

= S + find + it + adj + to + V-nd……

- It’s easy for me to learn English (thật dễ để học TA)

= Learning English is easy for me = I find it easy to learn English

 Cấu trỳc với “spend/ take”: Ai đú mất/ sử dụng bao nhiờn thời gian để làm gỡ:

S + spend/ spent + thời gian + V-ing

= It + takes/ took + sb + thời gian + to V-nd……

Eg: We spend 2 hours doing our homework everyday = It takes us 2 hours to do our homework everyday

 Cấu trỳc liờn quan giữa thỡ quỏ khứ thường và thỡ hiện tại hoàn thành :

S + (last) + V-qk….thời gian + ago

It’s + thời gian + since + S + (last) + V-qk……

The last time + S + V-qk… was + thời gian + ago

S + has/ have + not + V3…….+ since/ for + thời gian

S + started/ began + V-ing/ to V-nd… thời gian + ago. S + have/ has + V3 … + for + thời gian.

+ since + thời gian When + did + S + V-nd… ? How long + have/ has + S + V3…….?

S + haven’t/ hasn’t + V3……before.

= This/ It is the first time + S + have/has + V3…

 Ai đú như thế nào đến nỗi mà:

be + so + adj + that + S + V…

= be + such + a/ an + adj + N + that + S + V…

Eg: The box is so heavy that she can’t carry

<-> It’s such a heavy box that she can’t carry

QÚA KHỨ <=> HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH

1 She has worked here for ten years

5 He last phoned me in August

25 We haven't seen her since we left university

 The last time ………

26 It started to rain at two o`clock

*Rewrite the sentences using “It takes / took/ will take ” :

1/ I go to school by bicycle in ten minutes

- It takes me ten minutes to go to school by bicycle.

It + takes/ took + O + Time + to + V…….

2/ He did that exercise in an hour

- Tính từ đứng trước danh từ: Adj + N

- Tính từ đứng sau các động từ liên kết: be, feel, sound, smell, taste, look, get, become

2/ TRẠNG TỪ: Adj + ly => ADV (eg: slow => slowly)

- Trạng từ đứng sau động từ, bổ nghĩa cho đt: V + Adv

- Trạng từ đứng ở đầu câu và bổ nghĩa cho cả câu

- Trạng từ đứng trước tính từ, bổ nghĩa cho tính từ

* ở câu bị động trạng từ tình thái đứng trước PII

a) Tính từ/trạng từ ngắn (là những từ 1 âm tiết, nếu 2 âm tiết thì tận cùng là “y” (trừ “ly”), “er”, “ow”)

S 1 + ( be/V ) + Adj / Adv + er + than + S2

Ex: She is shorter than I am

b) Tính từ/trạng từ dài

S 1 + ( be/V ) + more + Adj / Adv + than + S 2 (trợ động từ)

Ex: She is more beautiful than her sister

3.4 So sánh hơn nhất :

a) Tính từ/trạng từ ngắn : S + ( be/V ) + the + Adj / Adv + est + ………….

Ex: Hoa is the tallest in my class

b) Tính từ/trạng từ dài: S + ( be/V ) + the most + Adj / Adv + …………

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Ex: I’m the most intelligent in my class

the bestthe worstthe mostthe leastthe farthest

Cách biến đổi câu từ tính từ sang trạng từ và ngược lại:

TÍNH - DANH: S 1 + is/am/are + a/an +Adj +N

ĐỘNG – TRẠNG: S 1 + Inf/V s/es + Adv

Nếu có từ chỉ môn học/ thể thao thì chuyển môn học /thể thao lên trước danh từ

(play tennis => tennis player

1 Give the correct comparision form of the adj/ adv in the brackets:

1 The gas bill is as ……… ……as the electricity bill ( expensive)

2 He bought the ……… …… petrol he could find ( cheap )

3 Her teacher speaks ……… …………than ours ( slow)

4 She sings ……… ……than anyone in the choir ( beautiful)

5 What’s ……… ….in your life ? ( happy)

6 Is Vietnam ……… than Britain ? ( large )

7 Living in the city is ……… ………than living in the countryside ( noisy)

8 Who is ……… …teacher in your school? ( young )

9 What is ……… mountain in Vietnam? ( high )

10 Minh is ……… … student in our class ( good )

2 Rewrite the following sentences:

1 The black car is cheaper than the red car

-> The red car ………

2 Barbara cooks better than Mike does

-> Mike doesn’t ………

3 His car runs fast but a racecar runs faster

-> His car doesn’t ………

4 Lan’s sister doesn’t sing as beautifully as she does

3- Complete the sentences:

1 He is a _ soccer player.He plays (good / well)

2 2.He’s a volley ball player.He plays _.(skillfully / skillful)

3 She swims _ She’s a swimmer (slow / slowly)

4 My friend is a tennis player She plays tennis (bad / badly)

5 Nga’s a runner She runs _ (quickly / quick)

6 Nam’s a _ cyclist He cycles (safe / safely)

7 grandmother walks _ (slowly / slow)

8 What a baby! He sleeps all night and he never cries during the day (good / well)

9 Rook clim is a activity (dangerously / dangerous)

12 She sings a song She sings a song (beautiful / beautifully)

Em hãy viết lại các câu sau sao cho nghĩa câu không thay đổi:

Ex: He is a careful driver => He drives carefully.

1-Long is a bad swimmer

=>Long swims……… ……… ……… …………

2-My brother cycles slowly

=>My brother is……… ……… ……… ………

3-Miss Lan is a fast runner

=>Miss Lan runs……… ……… ……… …………

4-Mrs Oanh cooks well

=> Mrs Oanh is……… ……… ……… ………

5-Khanh is a fluent English speaker

=>Khanh speaks……… ……… ……… …………

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5 Fill in the blanks with the adjectives in brackets:

16 Tom is ……… his brother (old)

17 This problem is ………that problem (easy)

18 John is ……… boy in our class (tall)

19 My friend is ……… my sister (fat)

20 My room is ……… room in our house (small)

21 Konya is ……… city in Turkey (large)

22 The Kızılırmak is ……… river in Turkey (long)

23 Madonna is ……… Sandra (popular)

24 My English is ……….……… your English (good)

25 The weather today is ……… the weather yesterday (bad)

26 This garden is ……… that garden (large)

27 Elizabeth is ………girl in our group (beautiful)

28 I am ……… girl in the class (short)

29 What is ……… film on TV today? (funny)

30 Who is ……… girl in your class? (pretty)

31 Sport is……….politics.(interesting)

32 It’s ………day of the year.(short)

33 London is………Birmingham.(big)

34 I like living in the countryside.It’s ……….living in a town.(peaceful)

35 Who is ……… person in the class?(clever)

6 Finish the second sentences, keep the same meaning:

Ex: Mary is the thinnest student in the class

 No other student in the class is as thin as Mary

1 Mr Thanh is the fattest man in the village

a) Khái niệm:

Đại từ quan hệ là từ đứng liền sau danh từ để thay thế cho danh từ đó v làm chủ ngữ, tân ngữ, sởà làm chủ ngữ, tân ngữ, sởhữu cách hay tính từ sở hữu của mệnh đề phía sau Danh từ đứng trớc đại từ quan hệ gọi là tiền ngữ

b/Đại từ quan hệ và trạng từ quan hệ:

 Who: người mà, (Bổ ngữ cho dt chỉ người, làm chủ ngữ: thay cho He/she/they…

 whom: người mà, (Bổ ngữ cho dt chỉ người, làm tõn ngữ: thay cho him/her/them/you… )

 “Whose”: của ai đú (bổ ngữ cho dt chỉ người/vật, làm tớnh từ sở hữu: thay cho

his/her/their/your/our/my

 Which: cỏi mà, (bổ ngữ cho danh từ chỉ vật, làm chủ ngữ hoặc tõn ngữ: Thay cho

It/They/it/them…)

 That: = who/which: Bắt buộc phải dựng that trong 1 số trường hợp sau:

- Trong cõu so sỏnh hơn nhất HCM is the biggest city that I’ve known.

- Trong cõu cú những từ: everyone, everybody, everything, noone, nobody, nothing, all, only.

- Tiền ngữ là DT gồm cả người và vật

 where: nơi mà bổ nghĩa cho từ chỉ nơi chốn (thay cho here/there/the place )

+Where = in/ at which: dùng thay cho tiền ngữ là từ chỉ nơi chốn nh: city, village, house, school,place……

Ex: The house is large We live in the house

=> The house where/ in which we live is large

 when: khi mà ( the time, the day )

+When = at/ on which: dùng thay cho tiền ngữ là từ chỉ thời gian nh: day, time, year,month………

Ex: Sunday is a day I am the least busy on Sunday

=>Sunday is the day when/ on which I am the least busy

 why: lớ do (the reason )

+Why: Dùng khi tiền ngữ là reason:

Ex: This is the reason For the reason, I left early

=>This is the reason why I left early

* Lưu ý: - danh từ chỉ người + who + V

- danh từ chỉ người + whom S + V

- danh từ chỉ người +.whose + danh từ

- danh từ chỉ vật + which +(S) + V

- danh từ chỉ nơi chốn + where + S + V

- danh từ chỉ thời gian + when + S + V

- danh từ chỉ cả người và vật + that

2) Để kết hợp 2 câu đơn thành 1 câu ghép sử dụng đại từ quan hệ:

-Tìm từ có liên quan với nhau (cùng chỉ ngời, vật hoặc sự việc) ở 2 câu

-Xác định câu nào là mệnh đề quan hệ (thơng là câu chỉ sự việc xảy ra trớc, câu chỉ sự việc đang diễn

ra, có tính lâu rài hay hiển nhiên)

-Thay từ liên quan bằng đại từ quan hệ tơng ứng

-Viết mệnh đề quan hệ có chứa đại từ quan hệ ngay sau từ mà nó thay thế

*Examples:

1-This is the man He teaches me English

=> This is the man who teaches me English

2-She is a doctor I met her yesterday

=> She is a doctor whom I met yesterday

3-He met the girl Her eyes were blue

=> He met the girl whose eyes were blue

4-The books are interesting They are on the top of the shelf

=> The books which are on the top of the shelf are interesting

5-The dog is beautiful You see it in Lan’s house

=> The dog which you see in Lan’s house is beautiful

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6-This is the table One of its legs has broken.

=> This is the table one leg whose/of which has broken

7-We crossed the river The current of the river was very rapid

=> We crossed the river/ whose/ the current of which was very rapid

-Tiền ngữ là d từ riêng, là đại từ chỉ định.

Ex1: Nguyen Du, who wrote the work “Kim

Van Kieu”, is a great Viet nam poet.

-Là bộ phận gắn bó của câu, thiếu nó câu không đủ nghĩa.

+ Nhúm3: danh từ chỉ đồ vật duy nhất Ex: The Sun, the Moon,…

+ Nhúm4: danh từ được đi sau là 1 cụm giới từ Ex: the woman in a red hat

I Choose the best answer:

1 He told me about a student had taken the entrance exam five times

2 Family members live apart try to be together at Tet

3 The secretary I talked to didn’t know where the meeting was

4 You need to talk to a person you can trust You will feel better if you do

5 Mandy is the kind of person to one can talk about anything

6 Some of the students to the party can’t come

7 I didn’t believe him at first but in fact, everything was true

A they say B they said C what they said D how they said

8 The book my father is interested is very expensive

9 I felt very sorry for the woman was stolen

10 I’d like to see the photo

11 The building by Mr Pike looks very nice

12 The time you gave me the money is too late

A in which B that C when D on which

13 We know the place she has gone for holiday

14 The reason he failed was obvious

15 The boy to the hospital is better now

II Combine the following sentences using a suitable relative pronoun.

1 We have a new teacher We really like her

12.I went to see the doctor She had helped my father

I went to see the doctor 13.Mary was wearing the red dress It was made in France

Mary was wearing the red dress

15.Ann talked to a man He won a lot of money

Ann talked to the man

16.The couple has got married again Their divorce was in the newspaper

The couple

17.He is an architect He desinged the new city library

He is the architect

18.Jerry sent me a letter It was very funny

Jerry sent me the letter

19.London has over 6 million inhabitants It is the capital of England

London,

20.Do you know the song? It is being sung on TV

Do you know the song ?

21.I don't know the man He gave me this book

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I don't know the man

22.The book is interesting I am reading it

The book

23.Do you know the man? He lives next door to me

Do you know the man ?

24.Neil Armstrong was a well-known person He first walked on the moon

28.The guard was punished He let a prisoner escape

The guard who

29.We are always proud of my dad He is the best person in the world

We are always proud of my dad

30.I have recently visited the school I used to study there

I have recently visited the school

31.The man came to see me yesterday We saw him on TV last week

The man

III- Fill in each of the blank with “who/ which/ whose/ that/ whom”

1 The boy………I’m looking for is very tall

2 They are going to see a movie……… is on tonight

3 A dog ……… I love is sleeping

4 She helps Martin, ……….lives the next door, do homework

5 I know the kids……… house is next to my house

6 The man and his cat……… sunbath every morning, are sitting in an armchair

7 My father is talking to a man……… you met at the party last night

8 The house ……… owner was absent has just been sold

9 I didn’t find my keys, ………I left left somewhere else

10 They had looked after the sick man……… relatives had leved far away

Chuyên đề 12 : CụM Động từ

Cụm đ ộng t ừ: là dạng động từ đi kốm với 1, 2 hoặc nhieuf giứi từ mà làm biến đổi hoàn toàn nghĩa của động từ gốc V+ prep => Phrasal verb

1/ turn off: tắt = switch off

2/ turn on: bật = switch on