MỘT SỐ KINH NGHIỆM ÔN THI MÔN TIẾNG ANH THPT

MỘT SỐ KINH NGHIỆM ÔN THI MÔN TIẾNG ANH THPT A. Nghiên cứu tổng quát về đề thi 2011 Nội dung số câu số điểm Phonetics vowels /I/ & /aI/ consonants /t∫/& /k/ /eɪdʒ/& /ɪdʒ/ 3 0,6 primary stress 2 0,4 vocabulary parts of speech 7 1.4 structures 20 4.0 mistake correction structures + vocabulary 5 1.0 communication skill 3 0.6 reading 5 1.0 cloze reading structures + vocabulary 5 1.0 Notes: Các cấu trúc câu đóng vai trò quan trọng trong đề thi. Nếu học sinh nắm chắc các cấu trúc cơ bản, các em có thể đạt được điểm 5.0 B. Các chủ điểm cần chú ý khi ôn thi: I. Ngữ âm: Trong đề thi tốt nghiệp phổ thông, ngữ âm có 5 câu / 50 câu của toàn đề ; tương ứng điểm 1/10. Qua nghiên cứu đề thi các năm, chúng ta cần lưu ý ôn tập cho học sinh các phần sau: 1. Cách phát âm verb + ed 2. Cách phát âm plural nouns hoặc verb + s/es 3. Phân biệt các nguyên âm , nguyên âm đôi. 4. Phân biệt các phụ âm Những kinh nghiệm cần chia sẻ - Ngay khi bắt đầu ôn tập, giáo viên nên cung cấp cho học sinh hệ thống bài tập ngữ âm đầy đủ. Có bài tập photo trong tay, cả giáo viên và học sinh sẽ tiết kiệm được rất nhiều thời gian, việc ôn tập sẽ thuận lợi; học sinh có thể sử dụng tài liệu để tự học ở nhà.Trước khi làm bài tập, giáo viên cần ôn tập cho học sinh các kiến thức cơ bản về ngữ âm dưới dạng sơ đồ ngắn gọn. - Dựa vào kiến thức được cung cấp, học sinh có thể tự tạo các bài tập ngữ âm khác theo nhóm ( ngữ liệu từ các bài đọc trong sách giáo khoa); điều này sẽ giúp các em nhớ lâu hơn.Điều quan trọng là giáo viên phải có đủ thời gian để kiểm tra . - Hướng dẫn học sinh dùng bút chì ghi chú âm và dấu nhấn trong sách giáo khoa. eg. /t∫/ /aI/ chore , vital ……… - Giáo viên luôn phát âm chính xác, đọc rõ các âm cuối khi đọc mẫu. - Thường xuyên cho học sinh làm bài tập ngữ âm, chú ý sửa lỗi phát âm trong học sinh trên lớp. 1. Cách phát âm verb + ed Verb + ed / Id / / t / /d/ / t / & / d / /k/, /p/, /f/, /s/, /∫/, /t∫/ The left sounds planted, needed looked, stopped, laughed, missed, washed, watched changed, smiled, borrowed… Notes: Từ tận cùng là ‘ce’ luôn được phát âm /s/ Từ tận cùng là ‘se’ có thể phát âm /z/ hoặc /s/ /z/ /s/ cause, rise, surprise, raise , praise, Portuguese, these, theses … increase , decrease , promise , practise , release, chase, base…. Some adjectives, adverbs or nouns ending in ‘ed’ are pronounced /Id/ eg. (adj) wicked [ 'wikid ] : xấu xa; độc ác (adj) beloved [ bi'lʌvid ]: được yêu mến (adj) naked [ 'neikid ] : trần, trơ trụi (adj) learned ['lɛ:(r)nid]:có học thức (adv) supposedly [sə'pəuzidli]: giả sử là (adv) deservedly [di'zɛ:vidli]: xứng đáng (n) hatred [ 'heitrid ] : lòng căm thù 2. Cách phát âm plural nouns hoặc verb + s/es Noun / Verb + s / es / s / /Iz / /z / / k, p, t, f, θ / /s, ∫, t∫, dʒ ,ʒ , z / The left sounds books, maps , hats, laughs, months misses, washes, churches, oranges, garages ,causes walls, chairs , plays , bags 3. Phân biệt các nguyên âm ‘e’ /I:/ /e/ /I/ /ə/ she send below offer 1. A. energy B. hen C. decrease D. deck 2. A. below B. fence C. lend D. kettle ‘0’ /ɛ:/ /əʊ/ / /ʌ / /ʊ worth no none woman /ɔ:/ /ɔ/ /I/ /w/ /ə/ lorry hot women one today 1. A. ton B. monkey C. honey D. lorry 2. A. slow B. sorry C. only D. soldier ‘u’ / /ʌ /I/ / /ʊ /ju:/ mug busy sugar uniform /ə/ /ju/ / :/ʊ /ɛ:/ nature huge June furniture 1. A. cup B. umbrella C. trunk D. university 2. A. mute B. turtle C. uniform D. unite ‘i’ /I/ /aI/ /3:/ drink mile bird 1. A. title B. kite C. kitchen D. smile 2. A. shirts B. little C. big D. spring ‘a’ /a:/ /ɔ:/ /æ/ /ə/ /eI/ star war land husband face 1. A. warm B. far C. star D. harbour 2. A. sand B. fan C. machine D. camera 4. Phân biệt các phụ âm ‘c’ /s/ /k/ /∫/ / t∫ / city corn special cello 1. A. coin B. city C. cure D. candy 2. A. centre B. cell C. cinema D. cute ‘g’ /g/ /d /ʒ / /ʒ gift giant regime 1. A. generation B. gain C. gangster D. get 2. A. gone B. gum C. germ D. gaudy ‘ch’ /t∫/ /k/ /∫/ chair chorus machine 1. A. machine B. chicken C. church D. challenge 2. A. character B. chemistry C. champagne D. chorus ‘s’ /s/ /∫/ / /ʒ /z/ see sure leisure reason 1. A. sure B. sunny C. summer D. sung 2. A. passion B. sick C. source D. sand ‘th’ /θ/ /ð/ thing clothing 1. A. clothes B. there C. clothing D. theme 2. A. thanks B. without C. thumb D. month II. Chức năng giao tiếp: Các mẫu câu giao tiếp : Phần lớn các mẫu câu thực hành kỹ năng giao tiếp ở dạng câu hỏi. Học sinh cần nắm chắc về cấu trúc các loại câu hỏi để có thể chọn câu trả lời đúng. Giáo viên cần hướng dẫn học sinh cấu trúc của các loại câu hỏitrước khi thực hành. . 1. A: How do you do ? I’m Bill Thompson B: How do you do. 2. A: Is it all right if I use the phone? B: Yes, of course 3. A. Do you want beer or wine? B. I’d prefer beer, please. 4.A: thank you very much. B: You’re welcome. 5. A: How nice is your dress! B: Thanks. I’m glad you like it. Questions: TYPES OF QUESTIONS EXAMPLES WH-QUESTIONS Wh-word as subject: Wh-word + V + O ? S Who likes cartoon films ? What happened ? WH-QUESTIONS Wh-word as object: Wh-word + Aux + S + V ? O What did you see at the trade fair? Where do you work? YES / NO QUESTIONS Have you finished your work? Can you speak English? ‘OR’ QUESTIONS Do you like rural life or urban life? Are you a doctor or a nurse? Tuy nhiên , giáo viên cũng cần lưu ý đến những tình huống giao tiếp đặc biệt với những câu trả lời mặc đònh. Các câu giao tiếp không phảilúc nào cũng ở dạng câu hỏi. eg. Những kinh nghiệm rút ra từ thực tế giảng dạy: Hệ thống bài tập đóng một vai trò quan trọng trong việc giảng dạy: ngay từ đầu năm học, giáo viên nên cung cấp cho học sinh hệ thống bài tập giao tiếp đầy đủ. Có bài tập photo trong tay, cả giáo viên và học sinh sẽ tiết kiệm được rất nhiều thời gian, việc giảng dạy ôn tập sẽ theo một kế hoạch nhất đònh, mang tính khoa học cao. Ngoài ra học sinh còn có thể sử dụng tài liệu để tự học ở nhà.(xem phần bài tập thêm) III. Vocabulary: 1. Giáo viên nên hướng dẫn học sinh nhận diện được vi trí của từ loại trong câu. Adjectives be + adj feel + look/become/seem/ grow/get…+ adj He’s young. He looks fit and strong Adverbs Verb + adv Adv + adj + adv He drives carefully. We must protect our naturally beautiful world. 2. Chú ý cung cấp cho học sinh các word family theo các chủ đề đã học. Noun Verb Adjective Adverb danger endanger dangerous dangerously 3. Chú ý cung cấp các tổ hợp từ ( collocations ) thường đi với nhau. eg: be in danger become extinct. Be in danger of extinction 4. Soạn thêm bài tập từ vựng dạng word form và nhận diện lỗi. Word form exercise: Children’s lives are in danger every time they cross this road. The traffic here is very dangerous for children. She was standing dangerously close to the fire. Development of the area would endanger wildlife. Mistake identification: 1. A. It looks like rain. B. Oh, I hope not. 2. A. Why don’t we go to Manchester together B. That’s a good idea. 3. A. Good night ! B. Sleep well ! 4. A. I’ve just passed the driving test. B. Congratulations! 5. A. Hello. Can I speak to Cindy, please? B. Sorry. She isn’t in. Can I take a message? 6. A. I’m going to take the final exams. B. Good luck to you! 7. A. Happy New Year! B. The same to you. 8. A. Make yourself at home. B. That’s very kind. Thank you. 9. A. Thank you very much. B. You’re welcome ! 10. A. Hello John! How nice to see you! B. Nice to see you, too. Many young people lack skills, good education, and financial to settle in the urban areas where A B C many jobs are found. D Đáp án: B _ B phải là một danh từ ( finance) EXTRA EXERCISE I. PHONETICS Verb + ed helped, wanted, cleaned, raised, kissed, ended, waited, needed, treated, danced, pleased, experienced, finished, practised, painted, lived, performed, mended, talked, released, offered, moved, prevented, discovered, liked / Id / / t / /d/ wanted… helped… raised…. 1. A. painted B. landed C. suited D. picked 2. A. killed B. cured C. crashed D. waved 3. A. called B. released C. rained D. followed 4. A. packed B. punched C. pleased D. pushed 5. A. ended B. decided C. cooked D. wanted Noun / verb + s / es helps, wants, cleans, raises, kisses, ends, waits, needs, treats, dances, students, experiences, finishes, practises, paints, lives, performs, mends, talks , releases, moves, prevents, likes / s / /Iz / /z / helps…. kisses…. cleans… 1. A. maths B. kites C. bushes D. photographs 2. A. shirts B. books C. taps D. bosses 3. A. kites B. oranges C. changes D. horses 4. A. rivers B. folks C. streams D. holes 5. A. news B. questions C. fuels D. makes II. COMMUNICATION 1. Why don’t you go out for a walk? A. That’s a good idea ! B. No, I hope not. C. I don’t think so D. You’re right. 2. What do you think of the concert ? A. Oh! It’s great. B. I feel happy. C. I’m very well. D. I don’t think so. 3. How do you go to work? A. Oh! I drove. B. by bus. C. in a car. D. It’s too far to ride a bike. 4. What’s the weather like today? A. It’s in the rainy season. B. I don’t like hot weather. C. I feel so bored D. It’s warm and sunny. 5. Would you like a cup of coffee? A. No, I wouldn’t B. Yes, I agree with you. C. Yes, please. D. I like coffee very much. 6. How far is it from your house to your school? A. £4.99 B. About 4 miles. C. Thank you very much. D. It’s four blocks. 7. How often do you watch films on TV? A. Almost every day. B. Sorry. I don’t know C. I like horror films. D. It’s great fun. 8. When’s your birthday? A. I was born in 1995. B. April 12. C. I had a party two days ago. D. For three years. 9. Where was he brought up? A. On the bus. B. On the table. C. On the ceiling. D. In a poor family. 10. Whose car is it? A. It’s Mr. Brown’s B. It’s over there. C. It looks very modern. D. It’s has just bought. 11. What time is the football on tonight ? A. Well, it’s at twenty past nine. B. I enjoy watching it C. It’s exciting. D. It’s my favourite programme. 12. It’s a lovely day! What shall we do? A. No, of course not. B. It’s sunny. C. Let’s play tennis! D. I hope so. 13. Did you have nice weather? A. No, I don’t think so. B. I’m not interested in it. C. I felt relaxed. D. Yes, it was sunny and warm during the day 14. How was your journey? A. I’m not sure. B. Very good, thank you. C. I’m very well, thank you. D. I’m not interested in it. 15. Excuse me, can you tell me the time? A. It’s too late. B. Yeah, it’s half past three. C. It’s very nice. D. Don’t worry about it. 16. Good afternoon . Can I help you, sir ? A. No, you are very kind to say so. B. Yes, I’d like a pair of jeans, please. C. Yes, of course. D. No, it’s my duty. 17. How often do you have your English class? A. For two months. B. It’s not important. C. Three times a week. D. I go there by bike. 18. I didn’t know John was married. A. I don’t think so. B. Yes, please. C. Neither did I. D. So did I. 19. I’m sorry I’m late. A. What a nice surprise! B. Oh, that’s all right. C. It’s great. D. Be careful. 20. What shall we do this evening? A. I’d like to go to the cinema. B. I’m interested in sports. C. I hope not. D. I hope so. 21. Would you like a cup of tea? A. No, thanks. I’ve just had one. B. No. I’m not hungry. C. Yes. I like it very much. D. No, I feel terrible. 22. Hope to see you again soon! A. It’s very kind of you to say so. B. I hope so. C. No, thanks. D. That’s all right. 23. What’s the matter with you? A. I feel excited. B. I’ve got a headache. C. I like my Job. D. I’m fine, thank you. 24. How are you feeling today? A. I’m glad to see you. B. Thank you very much. C. Much better, thanks. D. I don’t like it at all. 25. Someone is knocking at the door. A. What’s wrong with it? B. Oh! I will answer it. C. I will call an ambulance. D. I don’t know. 26. I can’t do my homework. A. It’s interesting. B. Please give me a hand. C. OK. I’ll help you. D. Remember to do it. 27. Thank you very much. A. Yes, please. B. You’re welcome ! C. I hope so. D. It’s great. 28. What’s your father like? A. He’s kind, honest but very strict. B. He likes sports C. He’s a worker. D. He likes sports 29. May I borrow your pen? A. Yes, certainly. B. No. I’m very busy. C. I’m interested in it. D. Don’t mention it. 30. I’m sorry. A. That’s all right. B. I’m glad to meet you here. C. I feel happy. D. You’re very kind. 31. The weather is getting worse. A. I hope so. B. I hope not. C. Me too! D. So am I. 32. What would you like to drink, Sir? A. Some fish and chips. B. A bottle of red wine, please C. A salad, please. D. An ice-scream. 33. What shall we do this evening? A. I slept well last night. B. Let’s watch a video. C. I felt so bored then. D. There’s a football match. 34. Would you like a Chinese meal? A. Yes, I love one. B. It’s so expensive. C. I must go now. D. No problem. 35. Bye Kris. See you later. A. That’s all right. B. Yes, see you! C. No, thanks. D. I like it very much. 36. George : "In my opinion, action films are exciting". Frankie : "______" A. There's no doubt about it B. You shouldn't have said that C. What an opinion! D. Yes, Congratulation! 37. Susan : "Can you do the cooking today?" A. Yes, please. B. Oh, all right C. No, thank you D. I know that 38. Tom: “You’ve got a lovely singing voice, Mary!” Mary: “______” A. Don’t mention it. B. Congratulations! C. It’s all right. D. Thank you. III. TRANSFORMATION 1. My father doesn’t smoke and he doesn’t drink. A. My father doesn’t smoke but he drinks. B. My father neither smokes nor drinks. C. My father enjoys smoking and drinking. D. My father not only smokes but also drinks. 4. The test we did last time was more difficult than this one. A. We did an easy test last time and a difficult one this time. B. This test is not as difficult as the one we did last time. C. This time we have to do the most difficult test of all. D. The test we have done this time is not difficult at all. 5. My father hasn’t smoked for two years. A. My father gave up smoking two years ago. B. My father started smoking two years ago. C. It’s two years since my father started smoking. D. The first time my father smoked was two years ago. 6. She last visited me three years ago. A. She hasn’t visited me since three years. B. She hasn’t visited me for three years. C. She hadn’t visited me for three years. D. She didn’t visit me for three years. 7. He last heard from his family two years ago. A. It is two years when he has heard from his family. B. He hasn't heard from his family since two years. C. The last time he heard from his family two years ago. D. It is two years since he last heard from his family. 8. He began to do his homework at 7 o’clock and he is still doing his homework. A. He has done his homework since 7 o’clock. B. He has done his homework at 7 o’clock. C. He has been doing his homework at 7 o’clock. D. He has been doing his homework since 7 o’clock. 3. “Remember to bring your books,” he said. A. He reminded me to bring my books. B. He warned me against bringing my books. C. He asked me if I remembered to bring my books. D. He said I remembered to bring my books. 8. She said, “Don’t be late again.” A. She told to us not to be late again. B. She said us to be not late again. C. She told us not to be late again. D. She said to us not to be late again. 9. “Would you like to go out for dinner, Mary?” said Tom A. Tom invited Mary to go out for dinner. B. Tom asked Mary if she would go out for dinner. C. Tom ordered Mary to go out for dinner. D. Tom warned Mary about going out for dinner. . 10. “ I’m sorry I forgot your birthday,” Harry said to Mary. A. Harry apologized to Mary for having forgotten her birthday. B. Harry said sorry to Mary for forgetting her birthday. C. Harry felt sorry to forget Marry’s birthday. D. Harry really felt sorry not to remember Mary’s birthday. 11. He didn’t hurry, so he missed the plane. A. If he hurried, he wouldn’t miss the plane. B. If he had hurried, he might catch the plane. C. If he had hurried, he could have caught the plane. D. He didn’t miss the plane if he hurried. 12. Without transportation, our modern society would not exist. A. If there were no transportation, our modern society would not exist. B. If transportation no longer exists, our modern society will not either. C. Our modern society does not exist if there is no transportation. D. Our modern society will not exist without having traffic. 13. I didn’t tell Maria the truth, so she was angry with me. A. If I hadn’t told Maria the truth, she wouldn’t have been angry with me. B. Had I told Maria the truth, she wouldn’t have been angry with me. C. If I had told Maria the truth, she would have been angry with me. D. Maria wouldn’t be angry with me if I had told her the truth. 14. If I were taller, I could reach the top shelf. A. I am not tall enough to reach the top shelf. B.I am too tall to reach the top shelf. C.I can not reach the top shelf because I am very tall. D. spite of being tall, I cannot reach the top shelf. 15. Robots will do most of the work in factories . A. Most of the work will be doing in factories by robots B Most of the work in factories will be done by robots C. Most of the work will done in factories by robots D. Most of the work will do in factories by robots 16. People say he won a lot of money on the lottery. A. He is said that he won a lot of money on the lottery. B. He won a lot of money on the lottery, it is said. C. He is said to have won a lot of money on the lottery. D. He was said to win a lot of money on the lottery. 17. No one has used the scuba diving equipment this month. A. The scuba diving equipment has not been used this month B. The scuba diving equipment has been not used this month C. The scuba diving equipment have been not used this month D. The scuba diving equipment has not used this month IV. MISTAKE CORRECTION [...]... Kate from working in this shop? rely on sth He doesn't rely on winning in the casino succeed in How then can I succeed in learning chemistry? specialize in The firm specialized in designing websites stop sb from I stopped Andrew from smoking talk about/of They often talk about travelling to New Zealand think of Frank thinks of playing chess warn sb against We warned them against using this computer worry... serious than we thought at first This bag is slightly heavier than the other one Comparing more than two things: • • the (largest) in the world, in the class, in the group, of all the (best) that I have ever eaten/seen/drunk/tried “DOUBLE” COMPARATIVES: bigger and bigger We repeat comparatives (… and … ) to say that something is changing continuously, that something is increasing • More and more... 16 I _ understand this letter Will you translate it for me? A mustn’t B may not C can’t D shouldn’t 17 Daisy’s parents don’t let her go to late- night disco She _ be at home at 9 o ’clock in the evening A must B may C can D has to 18 _ you give me some advice about the language course? A Have B Should C May D Could ’ 19 Why didn t you give me a call yesterday? We _ discuss everything together A can... stay C working – staying D.worked- stayed The Infinitive without to after auxiliaries/modals can He can run very fast could As a boy he could run very fast may I may fly to Africa this summer might I might fly to Africa this summer must I must go now mustn't You mustn't smoke here needn't You needn't go shall We shall sing a song should We should sing a song will She will cook a meal for his birthday... book than watch this film why not Why not ask your neighbour for help? why should we Why should we go by car? why should we not Why should we not go by car? after verbs of perception + object (action has finished): feel She feels the rain fall on her face hear I heard Peter sing a song notice Mandy noticed the boy climb the tree see They saw him climb up the roof watch He watched the thieves steal a... of This is a simple method of finding solutions opportunity of There's some opportunity of bringing her parents together again possibility of These new wheels offer the possibility of riding tubeless problem of He has the problem of swimming too slow reason for There's a real reason for winning the contest risk of There's a risk of digging too deep trouble for He was in trouble for stealing way of This... A B C D 14 No sooner she had entered the room than she felt the presence of somebody else A B C D 15 Have you ask the teacher how to solve this problem? A B C D 16 My uncle told me leave early on my first day of work A B C D 17 It is easier for teachers to sympathize with generational differences from parents A B C D 18 All of the homework given by our teachers are useful to every student A B C D... organism which is at risk of becoming extinct a dangerous b endanger c endangered d endangerment VIII MODALS 1 You have been reading for four hours This book _ be very interesting A can B might C must D should 2 _ I go out, Miss? A May B Might C Must D Could 3 This road is very narrow It _to be widened A might B needs C mustn’t D may ’ 4 They have plenty of time, so they needn t _ A be hurry B to hurry... • It’s becoming harder and harder to find a job • Your English is improving It’s getting better and better THE … THE BETTER Note this construction: the + a comparative+ the better • The bigger the better, the cheaper the better When we want to talk about a change in one thing causing a change in another we use the construction the + a comparative followed by the+ a different comparative • The sooner... the much C The hardest / the best D The more hard / the more good 18 His house is _ mine A twice as big as B as twice big as C as two times big as D as big as twice XI SOME COMMON PHRASAL VERBS ( MỘT SỐ CỤM ĐỘNG TỪ THƯỜNG GẶP ) 1 catch up / catch up with : bắt kịp , theo kịp 2 cool off ( nhiệt tình ) nguội lạnh đi , giảm đi 3 fall behind : thụt lùi , tụt lại đằng sau 4 fill in : điền vào , ghi . MỘT SỐ KINH NGHIỆM ÔN THI MÔN TIẾNG ANH THPT A. Nghiên cứu tổng quát về đề thi 2011 Nội dung số câu số điểm Phonetics vowels /I/ & /aI/ consonants. trọng trong đề thi. Nếu học sinh nắm chắc các cấu trúc cơ bản, các em có thể đạt được điểm 5.0 B. Các chủ điểm cần chú ý khi ôn thi: I. Ngữ âm: Trong đề thi tốt nghiệp phổ thông, ngữ âm có. câu trả lời mặc đònh. Các câu giao tiếp không phảilúc nào cũng ở dạng câu hỏi. eg. Những kinh nghiệm rút ra từ thực tế giảng dạy: Hệ thống bài tập đóng một vai trò quan trọng trong việc giảng