With a relatively long time working in the local militaryauthorities of Military Region 1, the author chooses the research issue“Improve the political quality of militia force under Mili
Trang 11 Overview of the dissertation
Since the Militia Act was enacted, construction activity ofmilitia force under Military Region 1 on politics has been led anddirected by the Command’s Party executive committee and thecommittees, the local authorities Thus, the level of politicalenlightenment, ethics, lifestyle and capacity to implement theresponsibilities and duties of the militia force are improved, contributing
to strengthening the leadership of executive committee, effectivemanagement of the authorities, maintaining political stability, socialsecurity at local and grassroots levels However, during the currentperiod, there are many new issues affecting political consciousness ofmilitia force under Military Region 1 Those are the transformations ofsocial - class structure in our country, rich - poor gap, diverse & complexparticipants of militia force; and building self-defense force atenterprises which are not state-owned the enemies’ plot of
"depoliticizing" the armed forces Therefore, it’s necessary to research,summarize and draw experiences to improve the political quality offorces of militia force under Military Region 1 in recent years, study thenew theoretical & practical issues, contributing to provide scientificbasis to improve the political quality of militia force under MilitaryRegion 1 in the current period
The research "Improve the political quality of militia force under Military Region 1 in the current period" contributes to clarify the basic
issues in theory and practice; propose basic solutions to improve thepolitical quality of militia force under Military Region 1 in the currentperiod To perform this task, the dissertation author based on the theory
of Marxism – Leninism, Ho Chi Minh ideology and the Party’sreformative views & policies; uses the research results of some workspublished in recent years related to the dissertation topic At the sametime, the dissertation author has conducted fieldwork on the actualsituation of building militia force under Military Region 1 since theMilitia Act was enacted to date
2 Reasons for choosing the topic
In building the people’s armed forces, building militianationwide with high quality, meeting the requirements of the nationalconstruction and protection mission plays a particularly importantpositions and role This is the succession to the tradition, experience of
Trang 2organizing the armed forces in the history of national construction anddefense of the nation; creatively applying and developing the Marxism -Leninism and Ho Chi Minh ideology in the new historical conditions ofthe country and the times.
Building the people’s armed forces which are strong in politics
as a basis to improve the overall quality and combating strength is theconsistent view of the Communist Party of Vietnam Therefore,improving the political quality of militia force is always the central &key issue in building militia force both in peacetime and when thecountry is at war Currently, improving the political quality of militiaforce under Military Region 1 has many advantages, but it is facingtough difficulties and challenges Developing the socialist-orientedmarket economy makes the social-class structure of militia forceextremely diverse Militia force not only is built in the state-ownedenterprises, at all levels, sectors, localities & administrative units but alsohas to be built in the enterprises which are not state-owned The negativeside of the market economy has affected all areas of social life, making apart including militia force degraded in politics, ethics and lifestyle.Imperialism and the hostile forces are urgently implementing theirconspiracy of "peaceful evolution" and overthrowing violence in order
to remove the socialism in our country To accomplish this goal, theyfind every trick to undermine the leadership of the Party, the State'smanagement of the people's armed forces, undermining politicalthought, ethics and lifestyle of the armed forces in general and militiaforce in particular That fact requires more care in building andimproving the political quality of militia force under Military Region 1
In recent years, grasping throughly the Party’s views andpolicies and the Militia Act, the development of militia force underMilitary Region 1 has had a positive change in leadership, direction andimplementation Thus, the political quality of militia force is basicallymaintained, synthetic quality is improved, contributing to strengtheningthe leadership of the executive committee, effective management of thegovernment, political stability, social security and safety at the local &grassroots level However, the political quality of militia force underMilitary Region 1, especially in the remote areas, ethnic minority areasand border areas has not met the mission’s requirements, with not highoperational efficiency, especially when there are complex political andsocial situations at the local & grassroots level
Trang 3With a relatively long time working in the local militaryauthorities of Military Region 1, the author chooses the research issue
“Improve the political quality of militia force under Military Region 1 in the current period” as the doctoral dissertation topic in political science,
major in building the Party and the State government The topic does notoverlap researches published in recent years and is in accordance withthe code of the major in building the Party and the State government
3 Research purpose of the dissertation topic
On the basis of clarifying basic theoretical and practical issues inimproving the political quality of militia force under Military Region 1,contributing to building the strong militia force under Military Region 1completing all tasks
4 Research subject and scope
* Research subject of the dissertation topic: Improve the
political quality of militia force under Military Region 1.
* Research scope: Tập trung đi sâu nghiên cứu chất lượng chính
trị và hoạt động nâng cao chất lượng chính trị của lực lượng DQTV ởmột số địa phương trên địa bàn Quân khu 1 kể từ khi có Luật Dân quân
tự vệ đến nay
Focus on deeply researching the political quality and activities toimprove the political quality of militia force in some localities under the
area of Military Region 1 since the Militia Act so far.
5 Scientific and practical meaning of the dissertation topic
* New scientific contribution of the dissertation topic:
- Interprete and present view on the political quality andimproving the political quality of militia force
- Draw experiences in improving the political quality of militiaforce under Military Region 1
- Propose basic solutions to improve the political quality ofmilitia force under Military Region 1 to meet the requirements of thenational defense mission in the current period
* Practical significance of the dissertation topic:
The research results of the dissertation contribute to providing ascientific basis for the Party, the State and directly the party committee,the Command of Military Region 1, the executive committee, theauthorities of provinces & cities in the area of Military Region 1 todetermine policies and solutions to improve the political quality of militiaforce at local and grassroots levels The dissertation can serve as reference
Trang 4material in researching and teaching subjects including the Party’s works,political works and national defense education at military schools.
OVERVIEW OF THE RESEARCH ISSUE
1 Research situation related to the dissertation topic
1.1 Foreign researches related to the dissertation topic
In the Soviet Union there are some researches on the guerillaforce during the war to protect the country from 1941 to 1945 The work
on Marxism - Leninism theory about the war and the Army of the SovietMinistry of National Defense, translated and issued by the People's ArmyPublishing House in 1975 generalizes and analysizes the leadershipactivities of the Soviet Communist Party and State in the leadership,direction, building the organization and operation of the militia in the war
to defend the socialism This issue stems from the theoretical point ofMarxism - Leninism on the nature of justice and the role of the masses inthe war of national defense; waging the people's war to protect thesocialist Fatherland, deriving from the experience and traditions ofRussian people However, the works of the Soviet Union only refer to theneed to organize the building of guerrilla force when the war to protect thesocialist Fatherland happens and do not mention the need to organize thebuilding of this force at peace This is the difference between theconstruction and use of militia force of the Soviet Union and that ofVietnam
In China, there is the Civil force Article 36 of the Law onMilitary Service of China defines Civil force as the organization of thearmed mass who still keep production, the assistant and the reserve force
of People's Liberation Army of China The Civil force is developed notonly at war, but also in peacetime to protect the revolutionaryachievements, and prepare to wage the people’s war to protect theFatherland Mentioning the functions and duties of the Civil force, thiswork clarifies that the Civil force has the responsibility to protect,respect and support the revolutionary government, follow theConstitution and laws of the State, defend peaceful life of the people,and impact the productive & labor front The political work in buildingthe Civil force needs to educate each militia aware of their ownfunctions and duties
In Cuba there is the territorial troops militia Article 50 of theLaw on National Defense of Cuba stipulates that territorial troops militia
is a part of the revolutionary armed forces and is one of the organization
Trang 5forms of the Cuban people to conduct armed struggle and perform otherduties on national defense This law also specifies the responsibility ofthe Ministry of the Revolutionary Armed Forces, local authorities at alllevels and enterprises in building, managing and using the territorialtroops militia.
In conclusion, in the light of Marxist - Leninist theory ondefense of the socialist Fatherland, the organization for building therevolutionary armed forces, the names and the methods of organizingand using militia force in the Soviet Union, China and Cuba are different
in different historical times and circumstances, but they all assure theposition and role of the militia force; stating the missions & principles inleadership, management and use of this force This is documentationwith theoretical and methodological values in studying the politicalquality and improving the political quality of militia force under MilitaryRegion 1 in the current period
1.2 Relevant domestic researches
Grasping the viewpoints of the Party, President Ho Chi Minhand the Militia Act, many agencies and scientists research theorganization and activities of militia force in the revolutionary periods.The domestic research works related to the dissertation include twogroups: the group of researches on the organization for building andoperation of militia force in the areas of the whole country; the group ofresearches on the organization for building and operation of militia forceunder Military Region 1 with different contents and scopes
* Researches on the organization for building and operation of the country's militia force in the revolutionary periods.
In 1970, Comrade Le Duan [40], the former General Secretary
of the Communist Party of Vietnam composed the work Under the glorious flag of the Party for the independence, freedom and socialism towards gaining new victories General Vo Nguyen Giap, the Minister
of National Defense wrote the work Master the policy on people's war, defeat the destructive war of American imperialism, the People's Army
Publishing House, 1975 General Van Tien Dung, the former Minister of
National Defense wrote his work The power of national defense of Vietnamese people in 1979.
The General department of politics: The Party & political work in the construction and operation of militia Political Academy: The curriculum on the party and political work in the local military work.
Trang 6Department of Militia: The State writing system on the militia works and national defense education (2011) Academy of National Defense (2002): Curriculum on the Party and political work in the local military work and national defense Ho Chi Minh National Political Academy (2004): Curriculum on national defense, security and foreign affairs Follow the
directive of the Party's Central Military Commission, currently the CentralMilitary Commission, the units & localities summated 6 years (2002-2008) of implementing Directive 16 - CT / TW dated 5 October 2002 ofthe Secretariat on strengthening the Party’s leadership over militia forceand the reserve force in the new situation, from communes, wards andtowns to the centre; summarizing 12 years of implementing the Ordinance
on militia force held from communal level to the military region, thecentral ministry and sector Along with the works of academies, schools,research and directing institutions, since the twelfth National Assemblypassed the Militia Act, many scientific staff and leaders have managed,researched and grasped thoroughly the views of the Party and the laws ofthe State on building militia force at all levels, sectors, local grassroots.Some typical works are as follows:
Colonel Hoang Van Thanh (2009), “Militia in Quang TriProvince- the key force in preventing and overcoming natural disasters
at the grassroots”, Journal on Militia - National Defence Education, No.
26 (70), p.42-43 Colonel Nguyen Chien Truong (2009), "Build thestrong reserve force and militia in the border area of Gia Lai Province",
Journal on Militia - National Defence Education, No 26 (70), p 44-46.
Colonel Le Minh Quang (2009), "Build the marine militia force of Ba
Ria - Vung Tau Province, the initial results and experience", Journal on Militia - National Defence Education, No 26 (70), p 47-50 Lieutenant
Colonel Nguyen Minh Trieu (2009), “The localities in the area ofMilitary Region 9 successfully implement the regime and policies of the
militia force”, Journal on Militia - National Defence Education, No 26
(70), p.51 -53 Trinh Van Nuoi (2011), "The Water Supply Company inTra Vinh Province building strong militia platoon equipped with 12.7
mm air-defense machine guns", Journal on Militia - National Defence Education, No 40 (84), p.20- 21 Lieutenant Colonel Nguyen Van
Truong (2011), "Some solutions to build marine militia force in the area
of Military Region 5" Journal on Militia - National Defence Education,
No 40 (84), p.33-34 Ngoc Thang (2011), "The construction of militia
force in Thanh Hoa Province", Journal on Militia - National Defence Education, No 40 (84), p.41-43 Colonel Bui Xuan Nghia (2011), "The
local troops and militia in Quang Binh Province in the early years of the
Trang 7war against the destruction of American imperialism", Journal on Militia - National Defence Education, No 40 (84), p.44-48 Major Tran
Thi Huong (2011), "Guerrilla in Tuyen Quang Province in the war against
the French invasion," Journal on Militia - National Defence Education,
No.40 (84), p.52-55 Colonel Ho Xuan Thuc (2011), "The Ministries,sectors and localities focus on directing the building of militia force in 2011
under the provisions of the Militia Act", Journal on Militia - National Defence Education, No 41 (85), p.3-6 Colonel Nguyen Duc Vang (2011),
"The localities concentrate on directing the education, fostering & training
officers and training militia in 2011", Journal on Militia - National Defence Education, No 41 (85 ), p.7-9 Colonel Luu Cong Trieu (2011), "Widely
register and manage militia is a content in building the strong and
widespread militia force", Journal on Militia - National Defence Education,
No 43 (87), p.6-7 Colonel, Assoc Prof, Dr Le Duy Chuong (2010),
"Raising the political skill and spirit for militia officers in mountainous
border area in the current period", Journal on Militia - National Defence Education, No.39 (83), p.23-25 Nguyen Tien Dung (2011), "Some
experience in developing the Party’s members of militia force in the
localities of the Central Highlands area", Journal on Militia - National Defence Education, No.40 (84), p.23-25 Tran Dinh Trong (2011), "Military
Party Committee of Quang Binh district, Ha Giang Province well does theadvising work to develop the Party’s members of militia and reserve
forces", Journal on Militia - National Defence Education, No 44 (88),
p.55-56 Nguyen Minh Trieu (2011), "Actual situation and solutions in
training basic military officers on the area of Military Region 9", Journal on Militia - National Defence Education, No 44 (88), p.22-24.
In 2011, the Institute of social sciences and military humanities
had a topic on improving the political quality of militia force today.
Researching the actual implementation of the scheme on building thetypical model in organization, training, operation and measures formanaging militia according to the Government’s decision No 1902/QD-TTg dated 15 October 2010, Lieutenant General Hoang Chau Son,
Bureau Chief of militia wrote the work: Replication of the typical model
in militia force, Journal on National Defence, No 2 in 2013.
* Researches on the organization of building and operation of militia force under Military Region 1 in the revolutionary periods related to the dissertation topic.
Discussing the role of the guerilla militia force at war, there arewriting works of Lieutenant General Hoang Chau Son (2010), "The role
Trang 8of local armed forces in the Battle of Route Coloniale 4 in 1950",
Journal on Militia - National Defence Education, No.39 (83), p.39-41.
Colonel Tran Huu Hoan (2010), "The armed forces of Cao Bang
Province in the Battle of Route Coloniale 4 in 1950", Journal on Militia
- National Defence Education, No.39 (83), p.42-44 Lieutenant Colonel
Nguyen Duc Thuc (2011), "Militia force of Tu Son district in Bac Ninh
Province - 76 years of construction, combating and growth", Journal on Militia - National Defence Education, No 42 (86), p.38-41 Colonel
Nguyen Thang (2010), "The armed forces of Cao Bang province - 60
years of construction and growth", Journal on Militia - National Defence Education, No 34 (78), p.45-48 Vu Duc Tho (2010), "Self-
defense force of Thai Nguyen Steel and Cast Iron Joint stock company
-over 50 years of construction, combating and growth", Journal on Militia - National Defence Education, No.32 (76), p.40-43 Nguyen Duc
Hanh (2010), "The new in training militants in Binh Long commune of
Vo Nhai district", Journal on Militia - National Defence Education, No.
38 (82), p.40-41 Nguyen Van Lan (2010), "Training militia of Bac Ninh
Province in 2010 Results and experience", Journal on Militia National Defence Education, No 34 (78), p.18-20 Tran Dinh Dich
-(2010), "Thai Nguyen Province, one of the bright spots in implementing
the education on national defense security", Journal on Militia National Defence Education, No 34 (78), p.31-32 Ho Sy The (2011),
-"Foster the national defense and security at military school in Lang Son
Province - Results and experience" Journal on Militia - National Defence Education, No.42 (86), p.18-20 Hoang Cong Ham (2011),
"The results and some experience in organization for building militia
force of Lang Son province", Journal on Militia - National Defence Education, No.43 (87), p.8-11 Nguyen Ngoc Sang (2010), "Education
on politics - law and military training for militia force of Bac Ninh
province in 2009 – Some raised issues", Journal on Militia - National Defence Education, No 32 (76), p.32-34 Le Dac Phuong (2011),
"Some experiences in implementing the education on national defense
and security of Bac Kan Province", Journal on Militia - National Defence Education, No 47 (91), p.20-21 Nguyen Xuan Binh (2011),
"Looking back at the results of one year training military officers atcommunal level with college level of basic military major in the Military
School of Military Region 1", Journal on Militia - National Defence Education, No 48 (92 ), p.13-16 Nguyen Kim Thai (2010), "Huu Lung
Trang 9District of Lang Son Province with fostering knowledge of national
defense - security", Journal on Militia - National Defence Education,
No.32 (76), p.11-13 Doan Van Quan (2011), "Innovate the teachingmethods and improve the quality of education - training of military
school in Bac Ninh Province", Journal on Militia - National Defence Education, No 45 (89), p.36-38 Mac Vuong Long (2011), "Improve the
effectiveness of the party and political works in building, training and
operation of militia and reserve force of Son Dong district", Journal on Militia - National Defence Education, No 46 (90), p.29-31 Tran Cong
Duong (2011), "Lang Son City successfully organized the contest on
legal awareness of militia", Journal on Militia - National Defence Education, No 45 (89), p.17-18.
In a general view, foreign works as well as domestic researches
on militia force are all based on Marxist – Leninist theory to interpretethe political nature, functions, duties, construction and operationprinciples of militia force Particularly the works of the collective andindividual leaders, commanders, managers and scientists in the country
in general and at the localities in the area of Military Region 1 haverelatively insightful and comprehensive analysis on the Party'sperspective and Ho Chi Minh thought about the position, role, functionsand duties of militia
2 Raised issues for the dissertation continues to resolve
Due to different goals, tasks and contents of each aforesaidresearch, there is yet no research to basically study the political quality;provide opinion and matters of principle, as well as solutions to improvethe political quality of militia force under Military Region 1 Thus,research on improving the political quality of militia force underMilitary Region 1 in the current period is a new issue which does notoverlap the scientific works related to this issue that were published inrecent years
First, there is no work to basically interprete the view and
matters of principle to improve the political quality of militia force underMilitary Region 1 in the current period
Second, there is no work to study and evaluate fully the actual
situation of political quality and experience in improving the political quality
of militia force under Military Region 1 since the Militia Act to date
Third, there is no work to study the impacting factors,
identify requirements and propose basic & feasible solutions to
Trang 10improve the political quality of militia force under Military Region 1
in the current period
3 Objective of the dissertation topic
Interprete to clarify the basic theoretical and practical issues toimprove the political quality of militia force and propose basic solutions
to improve the political quality of militia force under Military Region 1
in the current period
4 Research content of the dissertation topic
- Research the perspective on political quality and improving thepolitical quality and issues of principle to improve the political quality ofmilitia force under Military Region 1
- Properly assess the actual situation & causes; draw experience
to improve the political quality of militia force under Military Region 1
- Study the impacting factors, requirements and basic solutions
to improve the political quality of militia force under Military Region 1
in the current period
5 Research methods of the dissertation topic
Applying the methodology of Marxism – Leninism, Ho ChiMinh thought and the Party's perspective, the dissertation uses theresearch methods of the specialized science and interdisciplinaryscience, which focuses on the systematic – structural method, analyzing,synthesizing and summarizing the practice, logical - historical,comparative, statistical, field survey, sociological survey and expertmethods to research and interprete the scientific content of thedissertation topic
Chapter 1 THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL ISSUES IN IMPROVING THE POLITICAL QUALITY OF MILITIA FORCE
UNDER MILITARY REGION 1 1.1 Militia and the political quality of the militia force under Military Region 1
1.1.1 Perspective and characteristics of militia under Military Region 1
* Perspective on militia
Article 3 of the Militia Act defines that " Militia is the mass armedforce which does not escape from production and work; the composition ofthe armed forces of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam; the force to protectthe Party, authorities, the lives and property of the people & the State,
Trang 11serving as the core together with the whole people fight against the enemy atthe grassroots localities at war This force which is organized in communes,wards and towns is called militia while the one organized in state agencies,political organizations, political-social organizations, professional units andeconomic organizations is called self-defense".
Based on the Militia Act and the Constitution of the SocialistRepublic of Vietnam, militia force under Military Region 1 is the massarmed force that does not escape from production, a component of thearmed forces under Military Region 1 The Armed Forces under MilitaryRegion 1 include units of the regular army, the local military authoritiesand militia force Militia force under Military Region 1 has the functionsand tasks of the combating, producing and working troops Accordingly,the militia force under Military Region 1 has the task to protect theParty, authorities, the lives and property of the people & the State,serving as the core together with the whole people fight against theenemy at the grassroots localities at war This issue stems from theParty's perspective on the key role of the people’s armed forces in thecause of national defense, conducting the people's war for nationaldefense With the nature of the mass armed forces that does not escapefrom production, so in peacetime, the militia force under MilitaryRegion 1 is an important force in working and production, along withthe armed forces in the area to protect the the Party, authorities, the livesand property of the people & the State, performing the tasks of nationaldefense and security; maintaining political security, social order andsecurity, fighting against "peaceful evolution" and overthrowingviolence at the grassroots localities When the war for national defensehappens, the militia force under Military Region 1 is one of three directcombating troops to fight against the enemy to protect the localities &grassroots, serving as the core for the people and together with thepeople at the grassroots to combat and serve for combating
* Characteristics of the militia force under Military Region 1
First, the militia force under Military Region 1 is built up and
grown on the area with critical strategic position on national defense,security, politics and economy; people of different ethnics continue topromote the patriotic tradition and the tradition of revolutionary struggle
in the cause of building and defending the country
Second, the tasks and organizational structure of militia force in
localities under Military Region 1 are diverse, complex and under the
Trang 12regulations of the tasks on politics, national defense and security of eachlocality and grassroots.
Third, the militia force under Military Region 1 is diverse and
complex in the ethnic components, religion, occupation and education level
Fourth, the militia force under Military Region 1 is present in
most of economic sectors, political, social organizations and areas
To improve the political quality of militia force under MilitaryRegion 1, it’s a must to master the subject’s characteristics, deeply gointo each ethnic, religion and geographical areas for appropriate content,form and measures to conduct
1.1.2 Politics and political quality of the militia force under Military Region 1
* Politics of the militia force under Military Region 1
For a scientific conception on political quality, first of all, it’snecessary to have scientific awareness on the politics of the militia forceunder Military Region 1 Based on Marxist – Leninist theory, Ho ChiMinh's thought and the views of the Communist Party of Vietnam, thepolitics of the militia force under Military Region 1 is considered to be
the politics of the People's Armed Forces of Vietnam – the mass armed force that does not escape production & working; expressed in the goals, ideals, political ideology system, political relations, institutions, political organizations, political operation capability, functions, political tasks, the organizational principles and operations according
to the perspective and policies of the Vietnam Communist Party, the Constitution and laws of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.
* Political quality of the militia force under Military Region 1
Based on the Marxist - Leninist philosophical theory on thedialectical relationship between quality and quantity, accessing to thequality in terms of value, the dissertation offers the perspective that
political quality of the militia force under Military Region 1 is the total
of consciousness, political ideology system, political qualifications, political relationships and political capability of each officer and soldier and the staff, expressed in practical political activities of implementing the political functions and tasks of militia force under Military Region 1.
The political quality of militia force under Military Region 1includes the following components:
First, the level of awareness, political enlightenment and political
qualification of militia officers and soldiers under Military Region 1