TTNT_Chapter1.ppt

Artificial Intelligence Trí Tuệ Nhân Tạo Chapter 1 – Introduction Lê Quân Hà Sách tham kh oả • An Introduction to Artificial Intelligence, by J. Finlay and A. Dix, UCL Press Limited. (1997) • Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach, by Stuart Russell and Peter Norvig. (2 nd ed) • Introduction to Artificial Intelligence, by Eugene Charniak and Drew McDermott, 1999. (2 nd ed) N i dung h cộ ọ • Biểu diễn tri thức, Các Agents thông minh, Suy luận, Tìm kiếm không có thông tin, Tìm kiếm có thông tin, Lập trình Trò chơi và Học máy. • Môn tiên quyết: Kỹ thuật Lập trình, Toán rời rạc, Công nghệ phần mềm. Why study AI? Search engines Labor Science Medicine/ Diagnosis Appliances What else? Natural Language Question Answering http://www.ai.mit.edu/projects/infolab/ http://aimovie.warnerbros.com Intelligent Agents environment percepts actions ? agent sensors actuators Agents include humans, robots, softbots, thermostats… The agent function maps percepts to actions f:P* A The agent program runs on the physical architecture to produce f Robot Teams USC robotics Lab What is AI? The exciting new effort to make computers thinks … machine with minds, in the full and literal sense” (Haugeland 1985) “The art of creating machines that perform functions that require intelligence when performed by people” (Kurzweil, 1990) “The study of mental faculties through the use of computational models” (Charniak et al. 1985) A field of study that seeks to explain and emulate intelligent behavior in terms of computational processes” (Schalkol, 1990) Systems that think like humans Systems that think rationally Systems that act like humans Systems that act rationally [Above are Emulation] [Above are Simulation] Acting Humanly: The Turing Test • Alan Turing's 1950 article Computing Machinery and Intelligence discussed conditions for considering a machine to be intelligent • “Can machines think?” ←→ “Can machines behave intelligently?” • The Turing test (The Imitation Game): Operational definition of intelligence. Acting Humanly: The Turing Test • Computer needs to possess: Natural language processing, Knowledge representation, Automated reasoning, and Machine learning • Are there any problems/limitations to the Turing Test?