In the years 2011 - 2020, the Communist Party ofVietnam has paid attention to leading the development ofinformation technology, making the information technology industry a spearhead ind
Trang 21 Reason for choosing thesis
Since 1858, C Marx has stated that scientific knowledgewill become a direct productive force The achievements of scienceand technology development in the world today have made scientificknowledge "materialized" into increasingly sophisticated, moreperfect and faster production tools (information technology, newmaterials, 3D printing, .) proving C Marx's genius prediction.Faithful to and creatively applying the theory of Marxism-Leninism
on the role of science in the development of mankind, President HoChi Minh soon recognized science and technology as a historicaldriving force and a revolutionary force
In the fields of science and technology, the birth ofinformation technology (Information technology or IT) is theinevitable result of the development of science and technologyreaching the modern level In the late 20th century and early 21stcentury, information technology is one of the key and breakthroughfields for socio-economic development; is a core content of the 4.0Industrial Revolution; is an effective tool for rapid and sustainableeconomic growth; contributes to strengthening and maintainingnational security and protecting the country
Recognizing the position and importance of informationtechnology and grasping the development trend, the CommunistParty of Vietnam has early adopted a policy on informationtechnology development in the process of leading the country'sinnovation In the years 2011 - 2020, the Communist Party ofVietnam has paid attention to leading the development ofinformation technology, making the information technology industry
a spearhead industry, an important driving force in socio-economicdevelopment, ensuring national defense and security needs Underthe Party's leadership, information technology development hasachieved many important achievements, but there are still certainlimitations: awareness of the position and importance of informationtechnology is not high in some places and at some times; attention toinvesting resources in information technology development is notcommensurate; ensuring network safety and security has notpromptly met practical requirements
Trang 3From this reality, it is necessary to conduct research andreconstruct the history of information technology development underthe leadership of the Communist Party of Vietnam in the years 2011
- 2020, thereby assessing the advantages and limitations, and at thesame time summarizing experiences that can be referred to andapplied to promoting the development of information technology inour country in order to meet the requirements of digitaltransformation, building and developing digital government, digitaleconomy, and digital society in the coming time Therefore, this is anissue of profound theoretical and practical significance
Although there are many research works related to informationtechnology, up to now there has been no systematic and completeresearch on the Party's leadership in developing informationtechnology from the perspective of the History of the CommunistParty of Vietnam Therefore, the author chose the topic “The Party'sleadership in developing information technology from 2011 to 2020”
as his doctoral thesis in History, History of the Communist Party ofVietnam
2 Research purposes and missionstasks
Research purposes
Clarifying the process of the Party's leadership in informationtechnology development from 2011 to 2020; on that basis, drawingvaluable experiences for reference and application in the present
Research mission
Overview of research related to the thesis topic
Clarifying the factors affecting the Party's leadership indeveloping information technology from 2011 to 2020
Systematizing and analyzing the Party's policies and directions
on developing IT from 2011 to 2020 through two periods 2011
-2015 and 2016 - 2020
Commenting on advantages and limitations, pointing out thecauses and summarizing experiences from the Party's leadership indeveloping information technology (2011 - 2020)
3 Objects and scope of research
Objects and scope of research
Party leadership activities on information technologydevelopment from 2011 to 2020
Scope of research
Trang 4Regarding content: The thesis focuses on studying the Party's
policy on information technology development including:viewpoints, directions, goals, tasks, and solutions At the same time,
it clarifies the direction on information technology development ofthe Communist Party of Vietnam on the following contents:Perfecting policies and legal corridors to facilitate informationtechnology development; building and developing informationinfrastructure; developing information technology industry andinformation technology services; developing information technologyhuman resources; ensuring information security and networksecurity
Regarding time: From 2011, the time of the 11th National
Congress of the Party to 2020, the end of the 12th National Congress
of the Party
Regarding space: Researching information technology
development in Vietnam, however, mentioning informationtechnology development in some countries in the world
4 Theoretical basis, practice and research methods
Theoretical basis
The thesis is based on the theoretical basis of Leninism and Ho Chi Minh's thought on the development ofproductive forces and science and technology in the socialistrevolution
Marxism-Practical basis
From the practical activities of the leadership of thedevelopment of information technology of the Communist Party ofVietnam as shown in the documents of the Party, the NationalAssembly, the Government, the Ministry of Information andCommunications and a number of related ministries and branches inVietnam in the years 2011 - 2020 At the same time, inheriting theresearch results of published scientific works and statistical data,synthesizing domestic organizations related to the research field
Research methods
The thesis mainly uses historical and logical methods, and alsouses other related methods such as: statistics, analysis, comparison,synthesis
5 New contributions of the thesis
Systematizing and providing a rich and reliable source ofinformation on information technology and the Party's leadership ininformation technology development, contributing to the study ofissues related to current information technology development
Trang 5Contributing to the reconstruction and re-enactment of thehistory of the Communist Party of Vietnam's leadership ininformation technology development from 2011 to 2020.
Provide objective comments on advantages, limitations, anddraw lessons from the Party's leadership in information technologydevelopment from 2011 to 2020
6 Theoretical and practical significance of the thesis
The thesis contributes to summarizing the Party's leadershipactivities on information technology development in the process ofinnovation and international integration It contributes to theargument for perfecting the policy and direction for informationtechnology development in the coming time
The thesis is a reference document for teaching andresearching the History of the Communist Party of Vietnam andpromoting information technology development in the current digitaltransformation process
7 Thesis structure
The thesis includes: Introduction, 4 chapters (08 sections),conclusion, list of scientific works published by the author related tothe thesis topic, list of references and appendix
Chapter 1 OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH RELATED TO THE
THESIS TOPIC 1.1 Research status related to thesis topic
1.1.1 Research group on information technology development abroad
1.1.1.1 Research by foreign authors
Kyle Eischen (2000) Information Technology: History,Practice and Implications for Development Chen, J.S & Tsou, H.T(2007), “Information technology adoption for service innovationpractices and competitive advantage: the case of financial firms”.Laxman Mohanty, Neharika Vohra (2009), Information technologydevelopment strategies in schools: a guide for educators andeducational managers Klaus Schwab (2018), The Fourth IndustrialRevolution Adreev, Oleg; Gebenkina, Svetlana; Lipatov, Andrey;Aleksandrova, Ariadna & Stepanova, Diana (2019), “Moderninformation technology development trends in the global economyand the economies of developing countries”
1.1.1.2 Research by domestic authors
Trang 6Central Science and Education Committee (2002), Information and Documentation Center, Science and Education Newsletter, Development situation and global information and communication technology landscape (Documents for leaders) Nguyen Xuan Vinh, Nguyen Thi Minh Huyen (2003), Internet development: experiences and policies of some countries in the region Duong Minh Hao, Trieu Anh Ba (2008), Cyber war: the confrontation between keyboard and screen Quoc Trung (2010),
“The rise of India” Vu Van Hien, Bui Dinh Bon (2017), Contemporary world picture
1.1.2 Research group on information technology development in Vietnam
1.1.2.1 General studies on information technology development in Vietnam
Ho Duc Viet, Do Trung Ta (2006) Information andCommunication Technology for the cause of industrialization andmodernization of the country - A book for the activities of electedrepresentatives Nguyen Thi Lan Huong (2008), Informationtechnology and its impact on modern society Vo Van Tuan (2012),
“Developing information technology - a strategic solution in thecause of building the People's Army” Tran Tho Dat (2013),Foresight and the foresight approach in building a human resourcestrategy for teaching information technology Vu Quang Ket (2014),
“Vietnam's information technology industry in recent years: currentsituation and issues” Nguyen Thi Viet Ha (2015), Orientation andsolutions for developing exports of information technology andcommunications products in Vietnam to 2020 Tran Duc Su (2016),Solutions to ensure information security for national key informationtechnology infrastructure Nguyen Thi Phuong Thu (2018),Developing support services for information technology enterprises
in Vietnam To Hong Nam (2019), State management of informationtechnology industry in Vietnam Ho Tu Bao (Editor-in-Chief),Nguyen Huy Dung, Nguyen Nhat Quang (2020), Questions andanswers on digital transformation Vu Quynh Nam, Dinh Tran NgocHuy, Nguyen Thi Hang, Le Trung Hieu, Nguyen Thi Phuong Thanh(2021), “Internet of Things (IoT) Effects and Building EffectiveManagement Information System (MIS) in Vietnam Enterprises andHuman - Computer Interaction Issues in Industry 4.0”
1.1.2.2 Studies refer to the Party's policies and the State's policies on information technology development.
Trang 7Ministry of Planning and Investment, National Center forSocio-Economic Information and Forecast (2005), Special Topic forLeaders No 14: Information Technology - Communication withGrowth and Integration Nguyen Minh Nhi (2005), "Leadership inapplying information technology in socio-economic development in AnGiang province" Nguyen Anh Tuan (2014), "Policy for developingconcentrated information technology zones in Vietnam is ready" DoHoang Anh (2015), Communist Party of Vietnam leads thedevelopment of information technology from 1986 to 2010 Kieu ThuyNga (2017), Strengthening the application of information technology,improving the operational efficiency of the public library system DoanTat Thang (2019), The Communist Party of Vietnam leads thedevelopment of the knowledge economy from 2006 to 2015 NguyenMinh Chinh (2019), "Improving the law on cyber security in the currentsituation" Bui Thi Bich Thuan (2022), "The Party leads thedevelopment of human resources in information technology (1986 -2021)".
1.2 The value of the reviewed scientific works and the issues the thesis focuses on researching
1.2.1 The value of the reviewed scientific works for the thesis topic
1.2.1.1 About materials
The research results of the works have provided a rich source
of materials related to the field of information technology T and theParty's leadership in developing information technology Thehistorical sources used in the works all have clear and reliableorigins
1.2.1.2 About the approach and research methods
Research works related to the development of informationtechnology are approached from many different perspectives:Philosophy, Economics, Scientific Socialism, Public AdministrationManagement, Education, Party History and use many researchmethods such as analysis, synthesis, comparison, logic, history Thediversity of approaches and research methods with different levelsand scopes is the basis for the thesis topic to choose the appropriateapproach and research method from the perspective of the History ofthe Communist Party of Vietnam
1.2.1.3 Regarding the research content
Trang 8First, clarifying the basic issues of information technologyand information technology development Second, the works haveexplained the objective requirements for information technologydevelopment in the world and especially in Vietnam in the process ofinnovation and international integration Third, assessing the currentsituation, pointing out the experience of information technologydevelopment in some countries, territories and in Vietnam; proposingdirections and solutions for information technology development inVietnam Fourth, systematizing and explaining a number of Partyguidelines and State policies on information technology development
to meet the requirements of industrialization, modernization andinternational integration; there have been quite systematic andcomprehensive research works from the perspective of Party Historyscience on the process of Party leadership in information technologydevelopment in Vietnam from 1986 to 2010
1.2.2 Thesis issues focus on research
First, the factors affecting the process of the Party leadingthe development of information technology from 2011 to 2020.Second, the Party's policies and direction on the development ofinformation technology from 2011 to 2020 Third, the advantages,limitations, and causes in the Party's leadership of the development
of information technology from 2011 to 2020 Fourth, theexperiences from the process of the Party leading the development ofinformation technology from 2011 to 2020
Conclusion of Chapter 1
Research on information technology and informationtechnology development has been mentioned in many works bothdomestically and internationally with the diversity of content andapproaches as well as ways of solving problems in many differentaspects The published scientific works related to the thesis topic arequite comprehensive, with many approaches, solving manytheoretical and practical problems of information technologydevelopment The works have provided general knowledge about thedevelopment history, scale, and role of information technologydevelopment in the world and Vietnam; mentioned the Party'spolicies, the State's policies on information technology development,the realization of the Party's policies on information technologydevelopment, in a number of specific sectors, fields and localities
Trang 9From the overview of the research situation related to thethesis topic, the doctoral student has systematized the documents,summarized the research results of the works, selectively absorbedthe contents that can be referred to and inherited; evaluated the value
of the works that have been researched for the thesis topic; identifiedfour issues that the thesis focuses on researching
Applying the Marxist historical methodology, based on theobject, function, and research tasks of the Party History science, thedoctoral student's thesis focuses on researching issues that are still
"gaps" in science from the perspective of the History of theCommunist Party of Vietnam Therefore, the issue of "The Party'sleadership in the development of information technology from 2011
to 2020" is a new topic, not overlapping with published works, and isurgent in both theory and practice
Chapter 2 POLICIES AND GUIDANCE OF THE PARTY ON INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT (2011 -
2015) 2.1 Factors affecting and policies of the Party on information technology development
2.1.1 Factors affecting the Party's leadership in information technology development
2.1.1.1 World situation
First, the strong development of the knowledge economy requires information technology to be developed and widely applied.
Trang 10Developing a knowledge-based economy is an inevitable andstrong trend In particular, information technology is widely developed
in all fields and multimedia information networks are established.Information becomes an important resource of the knowledge-basedeconomy Accordingly, the new stage requires developing informationtechnology to meet the requirements of developing a knowledge-basedeconomy In the world, developed and developing countries haveconsidered information technology development as a spearhead thatdirectly and quickly promotes changes in production structures,creates new goods, contributes to economic growth; serves the needs
of learning, research, and entertainment; and is also an effective toolfor organizations to analyze and make decisions on production andtrade management The requirements of developing a knowledge-based economy will promote the continuous development ofinformation technology and shorten the life cycle of technologyproducts Therefore, it requires the Party to be timely and sensitive inplanning policies on information technology development to ensurecontinuous and strong development
Second, the process of economic restructuring taking place on
a global scale
The process of economic restructuring taking place on a globalscale has impacted and raised the requirement for economicrestructuring in Vietnam Economic restructuring in Vietnam was anissue raised in the 11th National Congress (2011) of the CommunistParty of Vietnam in order to innovate the growth model Therefore, thecountry needs to strongly develop science and technology as a drivingforce to accelerate the process of industrialization, modernization, anddevelopment of the knowledge economy, contributing to increasingproductivity, quality, efficiency, and competitiveness of the economy.Accordingly, the development of information technology is abreakthrough spearhead for development, at the same time creating afoundation for the development of the knowledge economy
Third, experience in developing information technology in some countries in the world
Trang 11The practice of developing information technology in somecountries in the world that are strong in information technology suchas: the United States, Ireland, Korea, China, India has left someexperiences that can be applied to Vietnam in developing informationtechnology, affecting the process of planning the Party's policy ondeveloping information technology: continuing to have a policy ofpromoting the development of information technology for socio-economic development and catching up with the world trend;developing information technology comprehensively and focusing onstages and aspects with advantages to create breakthroughs; payingattention to developing information technology human resources,especially high-quality human resources, which play a key role indevelopment.
2.1.1.2 Domestic situation
Favourable
Over 25 years of renovation, Vietnam has achievedimportant achievements, creating the ability and conditions for theState to invest and expand the development of industries and fields,including the information technology sector
In industrial development, investment has been made todevelop a number of new, high-tech industries The policies andinvestments of the Vietnamese Government have significantlyimproved the information technology infrastructure, especially theInternet, programs such as smart cities, digital education, e-government, and administrative reform The improved businessinvestment environment has created opportunities for Vietnam toattract more foreign investors, providing capital and technology fordomestic companies, helping to enhance competitiveness anddevelop technology, including information technology
Difficulties
The infrastructure system develops slowly and lackssynchronization, especially in ethnic minority areas, causing ashortage of infrastructure for information technology development,especially in rural, remote and isolated areas
Trang 12The efficiency of using investment capital is still low, there
is loss and waste, especially state investment capital Theinformation technology industry requires a lot of capital investmentfor development, however, it has not yet met the requirements topromote the development of the industry, and the investment evencauses loss and waste
Although Vietnam has an abundant labor force of workingage, Vietnam still lacks quality human resources with goodprofessional skills and high qualifications This makes it difficult forinformation technology enterprises to find and hire highly qualifiedhuman resources Vietnam's increasingly deep internationalintegration creates opportunities for information technologydevelopment However, the information technology industry inVietnam is facing fierce competition from other countries in theregion and the world, especially from countries with strongcapabilities in this field
2.1.1.3 Current status of information technology development in Vietnam before 2011
Advantages
First, information technology has become one of the
important fields, having increasingly large impacts on Vietnam'seconomic growth
Second, the information technology human resource training
system has developed rapidly in both scale and training form
Third, the system of state management and direction has
been innovated and strengthened
Limitations
First, the awareness of all levels, sectors and people about
the position and role of information technology development is stillinadequate
Second, the mechanism, policies and legal corridor have not
met the urgent needs of information technology development
Fourth, the efficiency of budget investment in information
technology development is not high
Trang 13The advantages of information technology developmentbefore 2011 have created important premises for the Party tocontinue to plan policies for information technology development at
a higher level in the later stages However, these limitations need to
be promptly overcome so that information technology can continue
to develop more strongly in the years 2011 - 2015, meeting thecountry's development requirements
2.1.2 Party's policy on information technology development
In the period of 2011 - 2015, the Party has paid attention to andproposed a policy on information technology development The Party'spolicy on information technology development is generally expressed inthe following contents:
In terms of viewpoints
First, developing information technology is the foundation, one
of the important driving forces for developing a knowledge-basedeconomy
Second, information technology is an effective tool to create
new development methods and protect the Fatherland in the newsituation
Third, developing information technology is an important factor
to ensure the successful implementation of three strategicbreakthroughs, which is the top priority task in the industrialization andmodernization roadmap
Fourth, developing information technology in all fields but with
focus and key points
Fifth, developing information technology requires prior
investment based on good management
Sixth, enhancing the capacity to master and innovate
information technology, ensuring information safety and security,and maintaining national sovereignty in cyberspace
In terms of direction and objectives
Direction
Promote the development of information technology to reachinternational standards in a number of advantageous fields, soonmaking Vietnam a strong country in information technology andthrough information technology
In terms of objectives
General objectives