đề tài tác động của facebook đến kết quả học tập của sinh viên nghiên cứu tại học viện tài chính

ĐỀ TÀI NGHIÊN CỨU KHOA HỌC CỦA SINH VIÊN THAM GIA GIẢI THƯỞNG TÀI NĂNG KHOA HỌC TRẺ VIỆT NAM TÁC ĐỘNG CỦA FACEBOOK ĐẾN KẾT QUẢ HỌC TẬP CỦA SINH VIÊN: NGHIÊN CỨU TẠI HỌC VIỆN TÀI CHÍNH

Rationale of the study

In fact, in the fourth industry era with the exceedingly strong development of a wide range of media platforms, they have an enormous effect on our lives, especially to students The young generation who frequently access technology and use it for learning as well as entertaining purposes

Everyone views social media, namely Facebook as a controversial issue Some people assume that Facebook causes distraction and leads students to procrastinate in their daily activities, negatively affecting their academic performance Other people, however, also claim that visiting Facebook brings some significant benefits Furthermore, during the COVID-19 pandemic, every citizen has to apply social distance and they spend most of their time at home This leads to the time they use social media considerably soar Students perform online learning but social media significantly affects their academic performance Whether this brings the pros or cons?

Therefore, the study about the relation of Facebook usage and students' studying is carried out The results obtained from the study will add to the wealth of information currently available on Facebook usage, its impact on college students’ academic performance In addition, the findings of the study are expected to contribute a little towards bridging the existing literature gap on understanding the impediments and blessing opportunities of Facebook in the academic environment Finally, this study also helps students have effective solutions to minimize the negative impacts of Facebook on their studies.

Aims of the study

Học Viện Tài Chính Nghiên cứu khoa học

The purpose of this study is to investigate the student involvement in the most popular online social network site Facebook and also the impact of Facebook negatively or positively on AOF students’ academic performance Furthermore, this study intends to bring awareness among the AOF students regarding the use of online social networks particularly Facebook in studying

The study is conducted in the hope of gaining a better understanding of the reality of AOF students’ Facebook usage and the impacts of Facebook on students’ academic performance It also explores the purpose of using Facebook, and the average time students spend on Facebook for study and other purposes collectively per day.

Scope of the study

Although it was preferable to conduct this research in all colleges found in Ha Noi, Viet Nam, due to financial and time constraints, this research only focuses on assessing the impact of Facebook usage on students’ academic performance at the Academy of Finance This study is carried out over the period from September 2021 to January 2022 with the surveying participation of roughly 413 AOF students.

Methods of the study

To complete the research in a reasonable and persuasive way, the researchers use both secondary data and primary data

Secondary data: Researchers find various data available on the Internet Some information such as evaluation of Facebook, feature and function of Facebook, the measure of GPA, and some previous studies of researchers were collected from credible websites such as hvtc.edu.vn…

Primary data: Researchers use an online survey that includes a list of various questions related to the impact of Facebook on students’ academic performance in order to collect data for this study To get truthful information the university students were requested to respond to the questionnaire with 16 questions anonymously The questionnaire is structured in two sections The first section has the task of collecting general information In the second section, questions focus on AOF’s students about time using Facebook, the positive and negative impacts of Facebook usage for studying, their GPA last semester (the second semester of the school year 2020- 2021), and their cumulative grade point average (CGPA) This survey was conducted from October 2021 to December 2021 at the Academy of Finance Besides, the online survey was sent on emails, messengers, and Facebook groups so that AOF’s students could be easily filled out online As a result, there are 413 students who carried out this research in a volunteer way After collecting the necessary data and figures, the researchers will use Microsoft Excel and the comparison method to process and analyze them The outcomes of these tasks will be demonstrated in the table, bar charts, and pie charts in the next parts of this study Moreover, the survey is conducted through in-person interviews and telephone interviews process About 10 AOF students who come from different courses take part in interviews in order to share about their use of Facebook.

Organization of the study

This study is divided into three chapters:

The introduction represents a general background of the study It also briefly involves the significance, aims, scope, methods, and structure of the study

Chapter 1 provides some main information on key terms (such as social media,

Facebook, and academic performance) used throughout the thesis

Chapter 2 gives the results of the survey that are the influences of Facebook on

Chapter 3 points out the conclusions drawn, and the recommendations forwarded to minimize the negative impacts of Facebook on students’ studying

The conclusion summarizes the main information presented in the study, limitations as well as suggestions for further study The author also gives a list of references and resources that were used in the research

FACEBOOK AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE

Social media and Facebook

The phenomenon of social media began in 1997 Some scholars define social media as virtual spaces where communication through the means of discussion, chat, comment, photography, and interaction between users can take place without borders or breaks (AI-Jazi, 2018, p.14) Thus, the internet is described as a virtual place because it is considered a liberating place where no one party owns it (Asur and Huberman, 2010, p.40) Also, Bailey et al., 2009 & Salim, 2008 define social media as services that are created and programmed by major companies to gather the greatest number of users and friends who share activities and interests, searching for more friendships and the interests and activities of other people with whom they share one of the intellectual contributions Social media include a variety of activities: photo sharing, blogging, social gaming, social networks, video sharing, business networks, etc Therefore, it has benefits for many areas such as politicians, career opportunities and businesses, etc

1.1.1.2 Definition of Social Networking Site

The social networking sites are the recent popular social media platforms which are online communication forms among adolescents and adults Social-networking sites (SNS) are the latest online communication tool that allows users to create a public or private profile to interact with people in their networks (Boyd & Ellison, 2008) Twitter, Instagram, MySpace, LinkedIn and other network sites are the best examples of SNs that allow individuals to present themselves to other users using a variety of formats; including text, video, and chat services Among them, Facebook is especially

Lớp: CQ57/51.01 & CQ57/51.02 considered the largest social network and has become an increasingly essential element of adolescent life

An online social networking site enables users to build a public profile and interact with other users It not only allows a new user to provide a list of people with whom they share a connection but also allows the people on the list to confirm or deny the connection When connecting to the internet, users can search the networks of connections to make more connections A social networking site is also known as a social networking website or social website

Facebook is a website that allows users, who sign-up for free profiles, to connect with friends, work colleagues, or people they don’t know, online It allows users to share pictures, music, videos, and articles, as well as their own thoughts and opinions with however many people they like For many teenagers and young adults, Facebook represents a social institution that can be used by adolescents not only for sharing basic information and for connecting with others, but also as a platform for exploring and disclosing information about their identities

Facebook is a social networking site that makes it easy for students to connect and share with family and friends online Originally designed for college students, Facebook was created in 2004 by Mark Zuckerberg while he was enrolled at Harvard University By 2006, anyone over the age of 13 with a valid email address could join Facebook Today, Facebook is the world's largest social network, with more than 1 billion users worldwide

Facebook is an American company, which offers online social networking services

In 2003, it started at Harvard University as Facemash playing as an online service for students to judge the attractiveness of the other students in which students can share by Harvard sophomore Mark Zuckerberg and his roommate

In February 2004, TheFacebook.com was founded by Mark Zuckerberg, Eduardo Saverin, Dustin Moskovitz, and Chris Hughes which helps Harvard students who have accounts could post photographs of themselves and personal information such as their class schedules and clubs, events This platform attracted lots of attention’s students from other prestigious schools, such as Yale and Stanford universities In June 2004 more than 250,000 students from 34 schools had signed up and started paying for experiences on the site

In September 2004 Facebook introduced “The Wall,” an area of a user’s profile where friends and fans could post public messages The feature allows users to post information on their Wall In the next three months, the company announced that it has approximately 1 million users

In 2005, Mark Zuckerberg brought out a new feature that is the idea of tagging friends in photos that were posted, which not only let people identify themselves in every picture but also allowed users to post photos unlimitedly At the same time, Facebook allows high-school students and college students to join the services it reached six million at the end of this year

In 2006, Facebook continued to expand scale by opening membership However, the Privacy problem is a big issue for Facebook It was more serious when Facebook introduced a News Feed that a user’s friends can access their pages, which caused an

Lớp: CQ57/51.01 & CQ57/51.02 outcry from users so Facebook had to implement privacy controls Facebook’s CEO said: “stalking isn’t cool, but being able to know what’s going on in your friends’ lives is.”

In 2007, Facebook launched Beacon, a short-lived service, which lets users post products to sell and members’ friends buy what products they like Starting a Facebook Application Developer platform, developers create their own Facebook apps and games By the end of 2007, more than 100,000 companies had signed up with Facebook launching Pages for Businesses to support the opening of applications for businesses

In 2008, with its 100 million users, the social system reached its first wholeheartedly spectacular milestone Facebook has become a powerful tool for political movements, beginning with the U.S presidential election of 2008, when more than 1,000 Facebook groups were formed in support of either Democratic candidate Barack Obama or Republican candidate John McCain, and many demonstrations

By 2009, developers had total revenue of $500 million via Facebook The company also makes profits from developers by paying for virtual or digital products sold through third-party applications

In September 2011 the Facebook Timeline was introduced by Zuckerberg at the company’s F8 developer conference and effectively killed “The Wall.” The new feature controls a user’s posts and puts them in order of time However, users were unsatisfied with the change

In April 2012 Facebook acquired Instagram for $1 billion One month later, Facebook raised $16 billion in a public offering, creating it to become the largest technology IPO at the time However, the first day of trading is met with trouble by

Lớp: CQ57/51.01 & CQ57/51.02 problems on the Nasdaq Some investors aren’t sure whether their trades are successful or not, and some later take to court

Academic performance

Academic performance measurement dates back to the 1830s in the United States

In Boston, education reformers Horace Mann and Samuel Gridley Howe used a standardized test to assess student progress With the Kansas Silent Reading Test in

1914, Kansas school administrator Frederick J Kelly advanced the idea of standardized testing by developing a grading machine in 1934 that could grade test sheets by picking up the electrical current created by pencil marks The Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) of 1965 encouraged all states to enact standardized testing This legislation required states to assess student proficiency and generate accountability measures for public schools This legislation required states to measure student proficiency and develop accountability measures for public schools

Overall, Grade Point Average (GPA), high school graduation rate, annual standardized tests, and college entrance exams are used to analyse student performance GPA is typically calculated on a scale of zero to four, with higher GPAs representing higher grades in the classroom State and federal education officials collect graduation rates as a baseline measure of secondary education performance Each state administers annual tests to students in elementary, middle, and high school to evaluate subject fluency

The academic performance of students is the fundamental standpoint and one of the significant targets of any education system The achievement of an excellent academy of students through making them portray better academic performance is the leading purpose of any academic establishment (Adeyemo, 2001)

Generally, academic performance is popularly evaluated through mid-term or end-term examinations or daily assignments However, there is no public principle on how it is exactly judged or which factors are the most considerable - procedural knowledge such as skills or declarative knowledge such as facts

Although academic performance seems to be a simple outcome of education, the influence of the academic performance of students in some countries is quite multi- faced

Firstly, while studying at university, students who have a good academic performance can receive a huge number of benefits both physical as well as mental values such as money for scholarships, rewards, and a good impression on peers’ eyes Furthermore, when students have outstanding academic achievements, they seize the precious opportunities to participate in international competitions From then, all experiences can lift their profile, which helps us find a good multinational corporation to serve as an internship

Secondly, a good academic performance will decide the positive outcomes of the students after graduating According to the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) in 2001, most students with good degrees or high levels of education are more probably to be employed and paid a higher salary grade than the others with no academic success A good academic achievement is important because not only the good jobs with the satisfactory wages the students would have but also the higher levels of education to tackle the technologically demanding occupations the working students would need in the future (Brown, 1999; National Alliance of Business, Inc.,

1998) Therefore, students who have a good academic performance would have more good opportunities to choose their future jobs

Finally, the good academic performance of students decides the success or failure of educational institutions Narad and Abdullah (2016) mentioned in their research, that at the basic level, the success or failure of any academic institution depends largely upon the academic performance of its students Moreover, now, schools are receiving recognition and awards based on their students' academic achievements A school with

Lớp: CQ57/51.01 & CQ57/51.02 more academic achievements would receive more awards than a school with fewer achievements

1.2.3 The Evaluation Criteria for Academic Performance

Evaluating what students have learned throughout the course can be accomplished in many ways, depending on the course objectives and how student performance will be measured Homework, class participation papers, and tests are all traditional methods for assessment that can be created and recorded However, all of that evaluating ways are indicated through Grade Point Average (GPA) that is a popular evaluation criterion in all schools Stephan & Schaban (2002) said that “a majorly used yardstick to measure academic performance has been the GPA”

Grade Point Average or GPA is an average number that indicates how well students typically scored in their classes throughout the semester, term, and year GPA, an effective academic performance measurement, is calculated on a scale of zero to four to demonstrate the highs or lows of overall grades of the all-time course Moreover, GPA is used to assess if students can meet the demands and expectations which are set by the degree program or the university The variation of GPA can occur during the studying process at school and its change depends on how much they improve their overall grades

How to calculate a GPA in general as well as in AOF

Each score students achieve during the studying process, whether it’s in the numerical system, or letter-grade system, is equal to a quality point A quality point is almost always on a 4.0 scale between 0 and 4 The highest grade students can receive will correspond to the highest number on that scale For example, at the Academy of Finance, an A is the highest grade students can receive in their classes and an A grade receives 4 points

Table 1: Grade conversion table between 10-point scale and 4-point scale

GPA is calculated by dividing the total average grade points of students by the total number of credits that they obtained over a particular session The basic formula for calculating a GPA is:

∑ There is a below clear example of calculating a GPA It is supposed that a student took three courses: Macroeconomics (2 credits), Econometrics (3 credits), and Development Economics (2 credits) Grades of a student for these courses are:

● Macroeconomics B (B is 3.0 on the GPA scale)

● Econometrics C (C is 2.0 on the GPA scale)

● Development Economics A (A is 4.0 on the GPA scale)

If he/she multiplied the number of points that he/she attained by the number of credits per course, he/she has 6-grade points for Macroeconomics, 6 for Econometrics, and 8 for Development Economics In total, there are 20-grade points Subsequently, he/she divides this total number of grade points by the total number of credits of the courses (2+3+2=7), he/she gets a GPA that is approximately 2.86

Nowadays, most universities in Vietnam use GPA as a critical measure to help students identify their academic strengths and weaknesses in the studying process GPA and standardized test scores are also given relatively equal consideration in the application processes for most schools If some colleges don’t require standardized test scores, GPA plays an important role in students’ application For example, students can be asked to provide their GPA when:

● Joining an organization or a club

● Doing any extra-curricular activities

● Applying for a graduate or postgraduate program (Master’s, Ph.D.)

Furthermore, GPA plays an important role in finding the students’ future jobs Some sectors and companies do prefer to see GPAs on resumes For example, for accounting, education, finance, health, and law sectors, GPA is a big thing They see it as a key indicator of the candidate’s competence and use it as a shortlisting tool Abdullah, a director of recruiting for a professional services giant, said that “Grades certainly do matter when we are recruiting students It’s really one of the only indications we have of a student’s technical ability or competence to do a job” (According to the Forbes)

To sum up, GPA is evidence of students’ academic achievement It will be the best and most effective evaluation criterion for students' academic performance

The influences of Facebook on students' academic performance in previous

The previous studies show mixed findings of the impact of Facebook on academic performance and other education-related characteristics

On the one hand, a summary of the studies demonstrated that humans can achieve maximum efficiency in learning by using the benefits of online technology (Butcher,

2010, Kanthawongs et al., 2011, Wattanawong, 2004, Willis, 2008) As Grosse, Bran and Tiru (2011) showed the positive impacts of Facebook usage on the GPA of students A survey of 921 students was conducted and found that 72% of students utilized Facebook mainly for their social purposes and a variety of academic activities This more or less enhanced students' GPA when they were aware of and performed these activities, including discussing assignments, lectures, class notes, research resources

Similarly, a panel study had found that Facebook usage not only influenced the students’ learning directly, but also aided them in socializing in their respective universities, which further contributed to improved learning outcomes (Yu, Tian, Vogel, and Kwok (2010)) In addition, Pasek et al (2009) also conducted a study on

1060 students, but their analysis could not find any negative factor between GPA and Facebook use and only displayed some positive relation between these two variables

On the other hand, other researchers refuted advocates' claims when they reported that they found significant downsides between using Facebook in learning For instance, Vanden Boogart (2006) in a Master’s thesis found that academic performance deteriorates as time spent on online social networks increases Junco (2012) in a survey of 1839 university students in the northeastern United States had also shown that time spent on Facebook was significantly and negatively associated with GPA Students who spend more time on Facebook, they claim, spend less time studying and completing academic work This conclusion parallels a study by Hargadon (2009), who

Lớp: CQ57/51.01 & CQ57/51.02 investigated the role of Facebook on the academic performance of 109 Saudi students

He discovered that 66% of the respondents acknowledged that excessive use of Facebook negatively impacted their academic work and professional performance

In the same vein, research by Hardi and colleagues in 2016 based on a survey of

100 students from different colleges at Charmo University (in which Participant gender was 56% female and 44% male) indicates that students face many health problems when using Facebook as a learning tool These researchers stated that females have more eye problems than males due to FB usage In another study, results also show that excessive Facebook users reported having poorer GPAs and spending fewer hours per week studying than non-users or productive users (Kirschner, P A., & Karpinski, A

C (2010) Similarly, a study by N.L.Nguyen (2020) when conducting a survey of 853 students at Vietnam National University and Hanoi University of Science and Technology, showed that 69.3% of students using Facebook experienced adverse health effects such as lethargy, fatigue, eye problems These problems cause distractions in learning, leading to poorer quality of learning

However, there is another line of research from a few researchers that shows there is no effect between Facebook usage and academic performance in terms of GPA Kolek and Saunders (2008) reported that they found no correlation between Facebook use and academic performance In another study, (Kolek & Saunders, 2012) further asserted that no adverse or favorable impacts were found on the average score of Facebook users and non-users in their study

According to the research results, most of the above studies have used the time factor and the purpose of using Facebook to assess the interaction between Facebook and GPA Hence, in Chapter 2, the research team will also use these two factors to evaluate the influence of using Facebook on AOFer’s academic performance

THE IMPACTS OF FACEBOOK ON AOF STUDENTS’

Overview of Academy of Finance and students at Academy of Finance

The Academy of Finance was established according to the Decision 120/2001/QD-TTG dated August 17th 2001 of the Prime Minister of Vietnam, on the basis of merging three institutions under the Ministry of Finance: Hanoi University of Finance and Accounting, Institute of Finance and Financial Training Center The President of the Academy of Finance is Associate Professor Nguyen Trong Co

AOF is a leading public university in finance and accounting, accredited by the Ministry of Education and Training of Vietnam and qualified for national standards as well as regional and international standards

● Flexible training programs, advanced training facilities and methods

● Friendly learning environment and integration oriented

● Variety of activities targeted at developing skills, promoting strengths and fostering talents

Together with investing, developing and improving the training quality, Academy of Finance is constantly expanding training and research relationships with international institutions in training and education, scientific research and lecturer exchange programs to develop capacity of lecturers and staff At present, the Academy of Finance has become a leading training and research center of the country meeting regional quality assurance standards

Although the location of the Academy of Finance is far away from the center of the capital, thanks to social media, it helps the Academy of Finance gradually access more students

Firstly, in the matter of admissions, by building up pages, websites on many different social media platforms, such as: Facebook, Instagram, Tiktok,… the Academy of Finance can easily bring its image to a huge number of newbies Especially on Facebook platform, The Academy of Finance own pages named “The Academy of Finance”, “Welcome to K59 students”, “Digital Library”, etc and the main website: https://hvtc.edu.vn All the information, announcements will be stated on these social networking, this assists students have more information and approach easily announcements from The Academy of Finance

Secondly, in modern society, the Academy of Finance’s clubs endeavor to take advantage of social networking sites, especially Facebook to hold a variety of competition both entertainment competitions as well as academic competitions Some of well-known academic competitions which keep a lot of students’ attentions we can say, “All Around The World” and “AOFMUN” come from EC - English Club of Academy Of Finance, “King of Marketing” and “We say” held by Marketing Club, etc All the information, competition principal will be directly proclaimed through the pages on Facebook platform Posting these statements on social media platforms not only helps AOFers know these competitions but also gives access to the students around the Hanoi area Additionally, social networking is one of the most ideal places for teams to obtain their marks due to the reactions, comments, shares, from their friends From then, we can realize that AOFers take advantage of Facebook in outdoor activities reasonably and how efficient they are when using Facebook

Additionally, Facebook plays a major role in the interaction between lecturers and students Instead of texting each person or only monitors to declare studying curriculum, lesson schedule change, assignments, lesson preparation, day-off, etc… The professors will require the monitors to establish closed groups on Facebook

Whenever teachers want to announce anything, they only post it on Facebook and every student is able to be on the right track

Furthermore, in recent circumstances, we have had to face the serious COVID 19 pandemic, but this time will show us how extremely significant high technology is Although the COVID 19 pandemic keeps us socially distant and students cannot enroll in the Academy of Finance, AOFers can continue normally studying according to the curriculum thanks to Zoom - e learning application There is one thing that annoys everybody: how the teacher can effectively interact with students without talking face to face We have Zalo, Facebook - two social media platforms help to reduce the geographical distance between lectures and students

Besides the academic issues, the clubs remain to hold enormous online programs which help students relax during the hard time of COVID 19 Most recently, the Union of Foreign Language Faculty successfully organized the “Science Research 2021” under online form Although this is the first time the program was totally held under online form, the organizing board tried to have an entire program.

The influences of using Facebook on AOF students’ academic performance 20

2.2.1 Current Status of Using Facebook of AOF Students

To get this survey result, the research team conducted a random sampling of AOF' students in all faculties of 4 courses As a result, 413 students volunteered for this study

Currently, the number of users using social networking sites, especially Facebook, is increasing Facebook is used anytime, anywhere, creating a powerful attraction, spreading speed, and especially attracting the numerous participations of students To find out the current status of using social networking sites by AOF

Lớp: CQ57/51.01 & CQ57/51.02 students, our research team enquired about the question “Which social media platforms do you use every day?”, the results obtained are as follows:

Figure 1: Number of students using social networks

According to survey data in Figure 1, many students are simultaneously using multiple social networking platforms In particular, Facebook is the most utilized social network by AOF students containing 401/413 students, accounting for 97.1% Usage rates for other major social networks such as Zalo, Instagram, TikTok, WhatsApp, etc are much lower than Facebook

2.2.1.1 General Purposes of Using Facebook by AOF Students

According to a survey at AOF, the majority of students use Facebook for five main purposes:

Facebook Zalo Instagram WhatsApp Others

Figure 2: Purposes of using social networks by AOF students:

Finding learning materials and sharing learning experience

Directly related to learning purposes, 77.7 % of participants said that they use Facebook as a tool to search for study materials and share their own learning experience AOF students simply access and select the content of learning materials that suit their requirements Students can access class or school study groups to search and look for other references that they can read to supplement and enhance their knowledge

It is more convenient for students to create groups to share their documents with other students in the context of the Covid19 epidemic AOF students managed to form their network to help and learn from each other with the help of Facebook features For example, the group feature of Facebook becomes their exclusive community, connecting students with their peers Groups or pages such as "Sinh viên Học viện Tài Chính", "Thư viện điện tử", “Tài liệu học tập HVTC”, are places where AOF students share documents, retrieve academic sources and exchange their own learning

Entertaining Chatting Trading Interacting with lecturers

Lớp: CQ57/51.01 & CQ57/51.02 experiences and academic ideas with other students AOF students provide content or experience on the group Facebook page through wall posts, by posting videos and photos, by commenting on each other’s posts of course topic–related news, and through disclosing links of online information sources Moreover, they can ask questions and to answer the questions that were posed by others In total, AOF students have a high perception that sharing information related to their learning via Facebook can help them and their peers to more facilitate their learning and better understand the course content

For instance, for FFL students at AOF, Facebook’s platform is capable of providing students with a multitude of activities that can be adapted to students’ English learning needs FFL students often have access to English groups such as IELTS Face-Off, Ted, BBC learning English, or IELTS official, etc… to broaden personal knowledge, improve language skills, and explore new cultures that are beneficial to the learning process

Referring to Figure 2, this can be considered the second significant purpose of AOF students when using Facebook because there are 276 students, accounting for 66.8% of the study results With dozens of features and thousands of entertaining videos and game apps, Facebook is chosen by AOF students as a place to relax after tiring school hours.

Playing games on Facebook is enjoyable because some AOF’s students argue that game apps offer a quick break, a challenging-but-not-stressful experience, and a change in focus Also, they create a network of friends through the game, which can be comforting and may also be empowering Moreover, many students access Facebook Watch to watch entertaining videos and even share screens via Facebook Messenger to enjoy with friends Hence, these Facebook’s entertaining videos and game apps can scaffold students to help them to understand and bond with each other

Chatting with your friends and relatives

With 235/413 students choosing, accounting for 56.9%, this is considered the second biggest purpose when students utilize Facebook With Facebook's features, students living away from home can easily stay in touch and connect with their families Moreover, Facebook aids most students in keeping in touch with each other, overcoming obstacles of space and time Many AOF’s students support the argument that Facebook also assists students to maintain contact with friends who are far away and less motivated to interact directly in real life, contributing to upholding and accumulating the necessary social capital of students Some AOF’s students even develop their language skills by chatting with a foreigner from a different country They are able to fill your conversations with stickers, live reaction GIFs, emoticons, which makes the chatting more interesting

In addition, AOF students use Facebook to communicate and exchange information with lecturers As illustrated in Figure 2, 31.5% of students utilize Facebook to interact with lecturers However, compared with other purposes, the percentage of students using Facebook for this purpose is much lower This partly demonstrates that some students are still afraid to interact with teachers via social networks Students feel more comfortable and convenient when using Facebook mainly for personal activities or interacting with friends However, more than half of the students said that they find it effective to communicate online via Facebook with lecturers and other students, especially in the stressful Covid19 epidemic that students must study and exchange online In fact, interaction between lecturers and students today is drastically improving in comparison with the previous time Students usually call or send messages via Facebook messengers for their lecturers so as to share feelings and personal stories, and especially ask about homework, and school subjects that they find difficult Furthermore, AOF's lecturers create a positive environment to interact with students For example, they usually use groups as private spaces for

Lớp: CQ57/51.01 & CQ57/51.02 student discussions, not broadcasting all of these conversations on their main feed They also often join in with conversations by creating live video streams that allow them to answer student's questions

Facebook is the ideal place to purchase and sell goods for students, especially AOF's economics students Based on Figure 2, up to 134 students, accounting for 32.45%, said that they use Facebook for this purpose Thanks to Facebook Shop and Facebook Marketplace, AOF’s students can buy and sell everything from electrical goods and clothes, books to vehicles and even property in a convenient way Besides, Facebook is usually free for the end-user, so students take advantage of this excellent promotional tool to introduce new products and draw customers’ attention

2.2.1.2 Time Spent On Facebook by AOF Students

Figure 3: Time for using Facebook per day by AOF students

Time for using Facebook per day by AOF students

Less 2 hours 2 to 3 hours 3 to 5 hours More 5 hours Flexible usage time

The survey results portray that the timelines of using Facebook in a day of AOF students are no significant differences Learners still spend much time on Facebook, specifically as follows:

Based on Figure 3, 159 students use Facebook for 2 to 3 hours a day, accounting for 38.5% of the total number of students participating in the survey Following that,

135 students (accounting for 32.7%) spend an average of 3-5 hours a day on Facebook The number of students spending more than 5 hours and less than 2 hours on Facebook is quite similar, 11.2% and 17.2% respectively And only two students, representing 0.4% of the total number of students surveyed, share that the time spent on Facebook is flexible

Table 2: Time spent for studying on Facebook of AOF students

More 1 hour to less 2 hours 28.1%

Table 2 shows that most students spend little time learning through Facebook More than half of the participants, accounting for 54.5%, only spent approximately 30 minutes to 1-hour studying when online on Facebook Meanwhile, only 28.1% of students on average spend more than 1 hour to less than 2 hours on Facebook a day to study The number of students spending more time studying on Facebook, namely 2 hours to 3 hours and more 3 hours to 5 hours, is at 12.8% and 2.9% respectively Compared with Figure 3, while 46 people (11.2%) are using more than 5 hours for general purposes on Facebook, only 7 participants (1.7%) spend maximum time learning through this platform Notably, many students show the ability to use

Facebook more actively in learning Hence, this finding illustrates that they use Facebook often and that they do indeed use it for educational purposes as well

2.2.2 Positive and Negative Impacts of Facebook Usage on AOF Students’ Academic Performance

Facebook not only is a social media platform but it also brings a variety of advantages to students’ learning

Facebook is an account that can help students to learn by interacting and exchanging information with other students and teachers, as well as constructive discussions to reach agreements on the point of discussion On Facebook, students are able to chat with their teachers and friends to discuss information related to the subject that they are studying Students can use Facebook for group study by creating Facebook groups These Facebook groups offer students to post and comment on their questions, answers, ideas, and assignments related to the lessons in the class Lecturers can also use the group to share announcements so they do not take up class time, ask questions to further their students' thinking, and occasionally request use of the site in preparation for the next class discussion As a result, they can revitalize their skills, improve their ability, and motivate themselves to think creatively in a range of different studying styles and methods

Table 3: Interactivity with peers and educators

Using Facebook in class builds interaction among peers 55.7% Using Facebook allows the exchange of information among peers 74.8% Using Facebook in class builds interaction with the educators 63.2%

Using Facebook allows the exchange of information with educators

RECOMMENDATIONS

Promoting the use of Facebook for finding study materials, sharing learning

3.1.1 Following useful pages, groups related to education

According to our research, the number of students using Facebook for entertainment is higher than finding learning materials Students' engagement in social networking can be addicted to this website Therefore, they are also temporarily disturbed from their main tasks and lose control when chatting, watching, or updating new information mindlessly Many students often forget the purpose of using Facebook Some people are easily attracted by interesting and hot news which are posted by their friends Therefore, students should totally hit the “unfollow” button to eliminate toxic news which can waste their time

On the other hand, AOFers should follow websites, fanpages, and groups that make them feel good or bring significant benefits to their education and personal development For example, if students want to improve their English skills, they can keep an eye on some English fanpages such as Khanh Vy, TED, Project Nightfall, etc all of these pages can provide the latest news, and knowledge relating to English

If students want to update information about economy and finance, they can follow some pages such as The Economist, The Guardian, etc If students want to put their feet up after a hard day’s work, they can look for inspirational quotes instead of movies Today, social media is a part of our culture and daily lives, so taking steps to be proactive and mindful of how students use it and the way it makes us feel is crucial to avoid the negative effects it can have Students should set limits on the time spent on useless Facebook usage and take control of what occurs on their feed, which can improve their mental health and wellbeing

Furthermore, students can press the like button and follow the Facebook pages of teachers, professors, doctors, writers, journalists, etc., because this is where they show their own multi-dimensional views, facts and knowledge Besides, they should watch contests or teachers' livestreams in order to gain increase their specialized knowledge and obtain a better experience when using Facebook to study.

Taking advantage of Facebook features to organize online programs and

Since the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic, not only the Academic of Finance but also other universities have put online platforms for teaching and studying As a result, some clubs had to call off curricular and outside activities, which has negative effects on students’ academic performance and their physical mental as well To ensure students have suitable and dynamic playgrounds, the Academy has organized online programs and other activities for them Students, therefore, should boldly give up some useless browsing habits so as to take part in online extra-curriculum activities held by the Academy There are multiple activities and programs established on Facebook that students can engage in such as “Researching Science Competition”, “Toi Len Tieng”,

“Economic Olympic”, “Suc Tre Tai Chinh”, "Khoi Nghiep Tre”, etc Also, our university and clubs can expand the contest entries by using Facebook features such as Facebook advertising, Facebook post, and sharing.

Furthermore, students should take advantage of the useful Facebook features to create a lot of competition and social programs themselves They can build some groups to share real-life experiences, personal development skills, and meaningful stories about the world around them All these online activities can benefit socially shy students who find it difficult to engage in person, helping them gradually become more confident and more open to communicating and socializing

For FFL students, for instance, creating an English competition on Facebook platforms such as “All around the world”, "English Festival" is particularly important

Lớp: CQ57/51.01 & CQ57/51.02 for students who don’t have the opportunity to meet face-to-face often or at all In particular, with the news feed or group/pages function, some students as organizers can create videos and articles to introduce their programs, which helps them improve some soft skills such as technical skills, problem-solving skills, etc Besides, for students who participate in contests, they will have in-depth knowledge about a certain aspect of knowledge Besides, during the competition, students will have the opportunity to work in groups, discuss, strategize, plan, increase their ability to withstand high-pressure time, and improve problem-solving skills during the time of oil and boiling scald competition The teams participating in the competition are not only competitors in the arena but also have ambitious, dynamic, talented friends with that they can make friends, and learn more from them Moreover, you will also have the opportunity to meet and get to know the instructors in the competition, the coaches, who will train, coach, and share their experiences with you during your time in the competition These experiences will help you gradually fill your knowledge and skills

Instead of taking time to watch films or check comments on their Facebook accounts, AOF’s students should spend more on these useful programs to create more opportunities for themselves To be detailed, students can achieve many prestigious certificates and awards, if they enthusiastically participate in lots of curriculum activities organized by the Academy Therefore, it is essential and beneficial for students to organize or take part in programs and competitions on Facebook.

Overcoming the limitations of excessive use of facebook

3.3.1 Setting limits on the amount of time you spend on social media

Intellectual abilities to manage time and process information not only impact the benefits of online activities, but it also restricts the efficiency of any tasks Facebook users usually can be interrupted from visiting Facebook Therefore, AOFers should

Lớp: CQ57/51.01 & CQ57/51.02 establish a limit on spending Facebook by themselves because it can help them to minimize a needless waste of time and concentrate on more necessary things

There are several ways to track, monitor, and block the amount of time spent on social media, including several apps Facebook also advanced its application by adding the “Your Activity” setting which shows the overall hour students spent on this platform Moreover, there are some valuable apps that students can download to manage time effectively such as Google Calendar, time-free, ever note, color note AOFers can set limits by implementing the following rules to your daily routine:

Students should not scroll social media as soon as they get up because when waking up, their brain is relaxed and not processing much information, it is an ideal time to tap into their subconscious mind to visualize what they want and help the brain drive actions forward toward achieving the vision, therefore, students should not check messages in the morning

Students should put their smartphones away at least an hour before bed Other examples include putting smartphones away when going out with others or when eating meals with family The general idea with this tip is to establish healthy boundaries with our use of social media Instead, students should schedule specific times to check social media or set a timer to limit themselves to 20-30 minutes Furthermore, instead of surfing Facebook all day, AOFers should explicitly set an amount of time for using social media for leisure activities such as spending about 15 minutes a day to inquire after a relative’s health or taking 10 minutes to check Message Requests, latest news, notifications, etc

3.3.2 Keeping devices silent when studying

Phone messages and notifications can distract and disrupt tasks, such as studying, causing the goals of the tasks to be forgotten Especially nowadays, everyone usually spends their mobile phone on learning or looking for documents or doing their homework Therefore, if they don’t turn off notifications, they can easily be disrupted

Lớp: CQ57/51.01 & CQ57/51.02 by it Turn off all your devices, or put them somewhere out of sight It is easier to avoid these distractions if they are out of sight and out of mind This allows students to concentrate on the lesson at hand without any distractions Besides, they just should use Facebook if it’s necessary For instance, during class time teachers can ask students to do some tasks and require them to submit through Facebook

It is undeniable that Facebook is a very potential learning source and it has helped AOF’s student's academic performance become more improved In modern technology times, a large number of AOF’s students have paid deep attention to this online platform Besides achievements, they still have remarkable limitations to the AOF students

Deriving from the actual situation of the heavy impact of Facebook on AOFers, AOFers’ curriculum and the real situation recognized from university, we conducted the research on the influence of Facebook on AOFers’ academic performance Thereby, we boldly proposed some effective resolutions to minimize Facebook’s drawbacks and increase their comparative advantages among the students in AOF However, the influence of Facebook on AOF students’ academic performance is a newly complicated issue It needs investigating deeply and approaching realistically

So, during researching and writing this essay, mistakes are unavoidable We look forward to receiving valuable contributions from the lecturers and other readers

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Retrieved from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0360131511001825#

2.N.L Nguyen, "The Impacts Of Facebook On Students Today: Status-Quo And Policy Recommendations", VNU Journal of Science: Policy and Management Studies, Vol 36, No 3 (2020) 90-99

Retrieved from: https://js.vnu.edu.vn/PaM/article/view/4267

3.Vanden Boogart, M.R., (2006) Uncovering the social impacts of Facebook on a college Campus, Unpublished Master's Thesis, Kansas State University

4.Bedassa, Fromsa "Impact Of Facebook Usage On Students Academic Performance" Grin.Com, 2022

Retrieved from: https://www.grin.com/document/277559

5.Chi, Clifford "How To Use Facebook: A Beginner’S Guide", Blog.Hubspot.Com,

Retrieved from: https://blog.hubspot.com/marketing/how-to-use-facebook

6.Yesuselvi Manickam, Nithya Devi Selvam, Priyadharshini Arumugam , (2020), A Study on Impact of Collaborative Learning on Academic Performance Using Facebook in Higher Education, School of Arts, Sunway University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia

Lớp: CQ57/51.01 & CQ57/51.02 https://myjms.mohe.gov.my/index.php/ijares/article/view/8303/3574?fbclid=IwAR 03XevTsecCxW6SNRe94p8SVWnvCcwYVYlgJMepc7n34EXURBIdRlmkShM

7 Reasons why Academic Success is Important, (2021), UKEssays

Retrieved from: https://www.ukessays.com/essays/education/why-is-academic-success-important- education-essay.php

8 Dr Vania Manipod (2020) How to Combat the Negative Effects of Social Media Retrieved January 1 st, 2022, from: https://online.king.edu/news/how-to-combat-the-negative-effects-of-social-media/

9 University of Colorado at Boulder (2018) Stress less: Minimizing the negative effects of social media

Retrieved January 1st, 2022, from: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2018-11-stress-minimizing-negative-effects- social.html

10 Scott Cornell (2019) Reasons Why Facebook Is a Distraction?

Retrieved January 1 st, 2022, from: https://yourbusiness.azcentral.com/reasons-facebook-distraction-3897.html

11 Muhammad Kashif (2013) Impact of Facebook on student’s academic performance

Retrieved January 1 st, 2022, from: https://www.academia.edu/35149796/IMPACT_OF_FACEBOOK_ON_STUDEN TS_ACADEMIC_PERFORMANCE_Analysis_through_the_social_capital

12 American Physiological Society (2021) Students Distracted by Social Media Are Still Listening

Retrieved January 1 st, 2022, from: https://www.socialworktoday.com/news/enews_0518_2.shtml

THE INFLUENCES OF FACEBOOK ON STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC

First of all, our team would like to sincerely thank you for your interest in our survey Currently, our group is carrying out scientific research with the topic “THE INFLUENCES OF FACEBOOK ON STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE”

Through the survey and study, we want to show the impacts of Facebook on students’ academic performance, and then propose practical solutions to minimize the adverse effects of Facebook on students’ studying

Each of your answers is valuable information for us to complete the research paper Any information you provide will be kept strictly confidential and only used for research purposes We hope that you will take the time to complete this survey honestly Thank you for your cooperation

1.Which social media platforms do you use every day? a Facebook b Zalo

Lớp: CQ57/51.01 & CQ57/51.02 c Instagram d WhatsApp

2 How much time do you spend using Facebook per day? a Less 2 hours b 2 hours to 3 hours c More 3 hours to 5 hours d More 5 hours

3 What do you use Facebook for? a Finding learning materials b Entertaining c Trading d Chatting with your friends and relatives e Interacting with lecturers

4 How many hours per day do you use Facebook for study? a 30 minutes to 1 hour b More 1 hour to less 2 hours c 2 hours to 3 hours d More 3 hours to 5 hours e More 5 hours

5 How much did you get grade point average (GPA) last semester? a 1.0 - 1.99: Below Average b 2.0 - 2.49: Average c 2.5 - 3.19: Good d 3.2 - 3.59: Very Good e 3.6 - 4.0: Excellent

6 How can you reduce the negative impacts of Facebook on studying? a Set up a clear timeline for using Facebook and studying b Don't be disconcerted by notifications on Facebook during studying c Turn off all your devices, or put them somewhere out of sight when studying d Follow and join some pages and groups containing useful educational contents

7 What learning problems do you have when Facebook has some issues? a Miss deadline b Don't update information posted by the school or teachers c Don't find documents when you need

8 Some positive impacts of Facebook usage on student's learning a Using Facebook helps you complete a task such as completion of assignment, discussion, etc b Using Facebook lead to a better learning experience to perform better c Using Facebook allows you to understand the concept of a subject better

PICTURES ABOUT THE USE OF FACEBOOK AT

Lớp: CQ57/51.01 & CQ57/51.02 Academy of Finance Fanpage on Facebook

Lớp: CQ57/51.01 & CQ57/51.02 AOF Digital Library (Group on Facebook)

“All Around The World” competition live-streamed on Facebook

Faculty of Foreign Languages Launches Scientific Research 2022 on Facebook

Tiêu đề	Tác động của Facebook đến kết quả học tập của sinh viên: Nghiên cứu tại Học viện Tài chính
Tác giả	Trần Thị Hằng, Võ Nhật Linh, Thái Thị Mỹ Trinh, Vũ Thị Phương
Người hướng dẫn	Nguyễn Thị Thanh Thanh
Trường học	Học viện Tài chính
Chuyên ngành	Xã hội và Giáo dục
Thể loại	Nghiên cứu khoa học
Năm xuất bản	2022
Thành phố	Hà Nội

Định dạng
Số trang	71
Dung lượng	2,44 MB