Khóa luận tốt nghiệp Văn học: Thiên nhiên trong tập truyện ngắn Gió lẻ và 9 câu chuyện khác của Nguyễn Ngọc Tư

Khóa luận tốt nghiệp Văn học: Thiên nhiên trong tập truyện ngắn Gió lẻ và 9 câu chuyện khác của Nguyễn Ngọc Tư tài liệu,...

TRCtfNG 961 HOC VO TRtfONG TOfiN KHOA KHOA HOC CO BAN KHOA LUAN TOT NGHIEP CHUYEN NGANH VAN HOC THIEN NHIEN TRONG TAP TRUYEN NGAN GIO LE VA CAU CHUYEN KHAC CUA NGUYEN NGOC TlT Giang vien hirdng dan: Sinh vien thirc hien: NGUYEN LAM DIEN NGUYEN TRAN LE HANG ^TW§|W Hau Giang, thdng 06 nam 2012 LOfI CAM ON De hoan xong de tai nay, toi kinh gui lai cam an den: - Ban Giam hieu truang Dai hoc Vo Truang Toan da tao dieu kien thuan lai cho toi suot qua trinh hoc tap va thuc hien de tai - Cac thay co da giang day toi suot khoa hoc - Dae biet, toi xin kinh gai lai cam an den thay Nguyen Lam Dien, nguai da tan tinh huang dan de toi hoan khoa luan - Ngoai ra, toi cung gai lai cam an den gia dinh va cac ban cung lap, da dong vien giiip va tao dieu kien tot nhat de toi hoan khoa luan Tran cam an Sinh vien thirc hien (Ky va ghi ro ho ten) LOI CAM DOAN Toi xin cam doan rang de tai la chinh toi thuc hien, cac so lieu thu thap va ket qua phan tich de tai la trung thuc, de tai khong trung vai bat cu de tai nghien cuu khoa hoc nao Sinh vien thuc hien (Ky va ghi ro ho ten) PHIEU DANH GIA LUAN VAN TOT NGHIEP (Giang vien hir&ng dan) GlANG VIEN HU"6NG DAN: SINH VIEN THl/C HIEN: MSSV: ?Xl.?J?.$¥.JiLi KHOA: TEN DE TAl: NHAN XET CUA GIANG VIEN HlTOfNG DAN Danh gia chung qua trinh lam luan van tot nghiep: 1.1 Chuyen can: 1.2 Thai do: 1.3 Khac: Danh gia luan van: 2.1 Dat van de (theo buac): 2.2 Noi dung chinh: 2.3 Chu thich, thu muc: 2.4 Hinh thuc trinh bay: 2.4.1 Dung lugng (trang): 2.4.2 Khuon kh6: 2.4.3 In an: 2.4.4 Trinh bay: 2.4.5 Chinh ta, ngu phap: Danh gia, xep loai: Danh gia: Xep loai: , thdng nam 20 Giang vien huang dan (Ki va ghi ro ho ten) TOM TAT NOI DUNG LUAN VAN MOfDAu Ly chon de tai Nguyen Ngpc Tu la nha van tre xuat hien tren van dan han muai nam tra lai day Truyen khong chi dac sac ve noi dung ma ve ve dep thien nhien Doc nhirng trang van mieu ta buc tranh thien nhien tap truyen ngan Gio le va cdu chuyen khdc, toi nhan thay chi da phac hoa nen hinh anh thien nhien cua nhung dong song, canh dong bao la bat ngat qua gop phan boi dap them tinh cam cua nguai vai que huang Nam Bo Muc dich nghien cuu Nghien cuu de tai nay, chung toi se di sau vao nhung canh sac thien nhien noi bat tap truyen, de thay dugc net doc dao, dac sac viec mieu ta canh thien nhien tung trang viet cua chi L|ch sir van de Trong thuc hien de tai nay, toi nhan thay co nhung bai viet rieng le ve tac pham cua Nguyen Ngoc Tu nhu bai viet cua Nguyen Trong Binh, Tran Phong Di£u, Tran Huu Dung, Thuy Khue, Nguyen Huu Quy, Kiet T^n, Huynh Cong Tin, Pham vi nghien ci'ru Toi chi khao sat tap truyen ngan Gio le va cdu chuyen khdc Pinion" phap nghien cuu De thuc hien de tai nay, toi su dung phoi hop phuang phap: he thong, so sanh va phan tich * Dong gop cua luan van - He thong lai nhung canh thien nhien tap truyen ngan Gio le va cdu chuyen khdc cua Nguyen Ngoc Tu nham nghien cuu, khang dinh lai nhung net doc dao, dac sac viec mieu ta canh thien nhien cua tac gia - Doi chieu vai canh sac thien nhien truyen ngan cua Nguyen Ngoc Tu vai truyen ngan cua mot so nha van cung thai de co cai nhin tron ven han ve nghe thuat ta canh thien nhien cua Nguyen Ngoc Tu - Dan chung cu the, tieu bieu va di sau vao phan tich cac dan chung de lam noi bat nhung cai mai la, rieng biet cua nha van mieu ta canh thien nhien CHlTonVG 1: NHLTNG NET CHINH VE NHA VAN NGUYEN NGOC TlT VA TAP TRUYEN NGAN GIO LE VA CAU CHUYEN KHAC • • • 1.1 Nhirng net chinh ve nha van Nguyen Ngoc Tir Giai thieu ve tieu su va qua trinh sang tac cua Nguyen Ngoc Tu 1.2 Tap truyen ngan Gio le va cdu chuyen khdc 1.2.1 Nhirng net dac sac ve noi dung Day la mot noi am anh khon nguoi cua Nguyen Ngoc Tu cai nhin ve hien thuc cuoc song, chi da nhin thay va da rat dung cam phai bay len trang viet cua minh de nguai doc hieu, thong cam va se chia vai ho 1.2.2 Nhirng net dac sac ve nghe thuat Vai tai nang von co, nhung truyen chi dung len deu mang mot net nghe thuat rat doc dao, the hien phong each rat rieng: tu tinh huong truyen, each xay dung nhan vat, each ket thuc truyen, thai gian va khong gian truyen CHlTONG 2: NHLTNG CANH SAC THIEN NHIEN NOI BAT TRONG TAP TRUYEN NGAN GIO LE VA CAU CHUYEN KHAC • • • 2.1 Canh sac thien nhien hai mua mua nang Canh thien nhien mua mua dugc Nguyen Ngoc Tu mieu ta nhu mot bay s&m chap "Khi trai tra gio Nam, mua mua keo theo mot bay sdm chap dp tar [26; tr.86] Nguyen Ngoc Tu mieu ta that tai tinh mot canh tugng mua mua keo dai va doi rat du doi Con mua nang thi han han keo dai, nhung nguai nong dan bi that mua, ho khong biet lam gi ngoai tien ban nhung chuot "Bai suot mot mua nang do, hai tia toi chi song nha vao tien bdn chuot dong nen toi khong lam cai thien duac hinh anh cua minh " [26; tr.86] 2.2 Canh thien nhien song nirdc, may trai va nui non Canh song nuac dugc tac gia mieu ta nguyen ve ban so nen rat heo hut, hoang vang "Doc trien song, co kit day, tir tren ba tho xuong nuac nhu ddt dang guc ddu goi toe, nhttng cdy bdn de xa khoi me song tdt cd nhung thu lam cho ve mat Tho Sau buon thiu" [26; tr.84] Canh may trai nui non cung dugc tac gia khac hoa dam net, tac gia mieu ta Nui la, la "Mot ngon nui gia nua, cu ky, da voi la tung mang moi den mua mica lu, de lai nhung vdch nui trang nhu xuang" [26; tr.70] Khong chi co nui ma co may, buoi chieu co nhieu may den, bau trai u am va co the mua bat cu luc nao "Do la mot buoi chieu nhieu mdy den, nang len loi roi tung chiim tren nhitng bui cdy dai" [26; tr.71] 2.3 Canh canh dong va vird'n tirac Trong Sau tren dinh Puvan, han han qua lau lam cho co cay chet het, dan de cua Cui chet vo so tren canh dong "Diu doc duac su cam ghet nhung ke vl bong sau ma da cdu mong can nang that dai, khong cdn biet nai nhitng bay de chet cong queo tren dong co chdy" [26; tr.53] Con canh vuan thi dugc Nguyen Ngoc Tu mieu ta rat chi tiet, cay trai tot tuai " Yuan cu co vai cdy vu sua, mil u rung trai day mat ddt, mdy bui tre bui true vut len trai chum xanh ngdt " [26; tr.84], ve hiu hat, cu ky cua ngoi nha dugc nhieu nguai khach ghe vao xem, thi "Tia toi tat vao ho mot bo mat lanh tanh, te te bo vuan, cdy gay dam du tren tay nhu chuc phang vao " [26; tr.85] Vuan chinh la nai de cho nguai cam thay than, khong sg lam phien Khi nguai dan a day bo Tho Sau di, thi nhan vat "toi" cung mudn di ma khong the nao di dugc "VI sau vuan co lai mon men bo len mo ma toi, ong ba toi " [26; tr 85] Tom lai, tat ca deu la nhung canh sac thien nhien dac trung cua vung Nam Bo va no cung da tra bieu tugng tac pham cua Nguyen Ngoc Tu CHlTONG 3: NGHE THUAT THE HIEN THIEN NHIEN TRONG TAP TRUYEN NGAN GIO LE VA CAU CHUYEN KHAC 3.1 Nghe thuat ta canh Tac gia mieu ta canh tu* xa den gan vai vai net phac hoa "Doc triin song, co kit day, tu tren ba tho xudng nuac nhu ddt dang guc ddu goi toe, nhitng cdy bdn de xa khoi me song, nhitng cdy sop ru ruai xoa toe chum ri ndu "[26; tr.84] Nguyen Ngoc Tu da xay dung hinh anh thien nhien vua vao vung dat Tho Sau cho din vao den nai trung tarn ciia Tho Sau Khong chi vay, chi mieu ta canh tu* cao xudng thap, nhu Nui la, nhan vat phim co doi mat sang "No nguac len trai, nai nhitng dam mdy bat ddu sd xudng, biu xiu nhu mot co gai sap khdc " [26; tr.71] Tac gia that tai tinh mieu ta mot dam may tren trai ma tuong tugng mot co gai sap khoc Tir nhung chi tiet dan gian nhu the lam cho tac pham them phan dac sac han Ngoai ra, chi cung cong viec mieu ta canh ban va ban dem Trong Nui la, thai gian buoi chieu noi dung bo phim dugc mieu ta that lang man "Do la mot buoi chiiu nhiiu mdy den, nang len loi roi tung chum trin nhung bui cdy dai Moi thu duac nguy tao bang cai ve ngoaiyin a" [26; tr.71] Do la mot khoang khong gian dep, nen tho nhung tat ca deu la nhung canh nguy tao chi co phim thoi Con ban dem la thai khac yen tinh, bong dem nguai co the lang nghe moi am du la nho nhat "dim nam nghe nhitng sai nuac ngdm chay re rat long ddt, tiing duoi than Ian rung tu vdch xudng, tieng chuot ngua rang can ni non vao goc cdy, tiing la kho lay lat rai ddu trin mot chiic la kho khdc " [26; tr 147] Nhan vat "em" Gio le nam lang nghe nhung am that dac biet: tieng nuac chay, tieng duoi than Ian rung, tieng la kho rai tat ca nhung am deu rat hoang da, deu la nhung am sau tham bong dem ma khong phai cung co the lang nghe va cam nhan dugc 3.2 Nghe thuat sir dung tir ngu* de ta canh Tac gia dung nhung tu chi mau sac de ta canh: mau xanh ngdt cua bui tre, true, mau vang ua cua cai nang, mau cua vdm bong moi, mau vang cua cong co, mau tim cua chdm Nguyen Ngoc Tu dung ngu de ta canh: nang nhw thieu nhu rang de mieu ta cai nang gat cua mua han han, rimg thieng nw&c doc de dien ta mot nai vang ve, toi tarn, tham can co de dien ta mot noi buon khong de gi phai nhoa tarn tri cua nguai dan Tho Sau KET LUAN Co the noi thien nhien luon la hinh anh than thuoc, gan bo vai moi chung ta, no khong chi la khung canh gan gui cuoc song dai thuang ma da di vao cac tac pham van hoc Nguyen Ngoc Tu da mugn thien nhien lam nen cho truyen va cung bien thien nhien mot nhan vat, mang tarn sir, noi long cua nguai Ngoi but cua chi that tinh te dung len hinh anh thien nhien Thien nhien mai la hinh anh khong the thieu tac pham Chinh vi sir tinh te nhu vay, da lam nen cong cua Nguyen Ngoc Tu horn MUC LUC MODAU 1 Li chgn de tai Muc dich nghien cuu Lich su van de Pham vi nghien cuu Phuang phap nghien cuu CHlTONG 1: NHLTNG NET CHINH VE NHA VAN NGUYEN NGOC TU VA TAP TRUYEN NGAN GIO LE VA CAU CHUYEN KHAC 1.1 Nhirng net chinh ve nha van Nguyen Ngoc Tu* 1.1.1 Tieu su 1.1.2 Qua trinh sang tac 1.2 Tap truyen ngan Gio leva cdu chuyen khdc 1.2.1 Nhirng net dac sac ve noi dung 1.2.2 Nhirng net dac sac ve nghe thuat 17 CHlTONG 2: NHLTNG CANH SAC THIEN NHIEN NOI BAT TRONG TAP TRUYEN NGAN GIO LE VA CAU CHUYEN KHAC 24 2.1 Canh sac thien nhien hai mua mua nang 24 2.1.1 Canh thien nhien mua mua 24 2.1.2 Canh thien nhien mua nang 27 2.2 Canh song nirdc va may, troi, nui non 30 2.2.1 Canh song nuac 30 2.2.2 Canh may, trai, nui non 33 2.3 Canh canh dong va vird*n tiro*c 37 2.3.1 Canh canh dong 37 2.3.2 Canh vuan tuac 39 ô-**-*-ã -' - ã —-^ '—!—^_^i^ • Thi >nhien n-ong _, - va cd.- -.- cua Nguyen Ngoc Tu ngudi thi khdng phai vay, hg chdi la cd muc dich rieng, khdng phai tinh cd day va ghe lai Thd Sdu la mdt vung dat ngheo nan va buon te, nhirng ngudi dan nai day khdng cdn cam giac buon nira, nhung khach du ljch thi van ham hd cai ve ngheo nan ciia Thd Sdu, dilu dd lam cho nhan vat tia thay ddi tinh tinh "Tia tdi trd tinh lam lu tir Thd Sdu ddn luat khdch ddu tiin Ho sdm soi cdi noi meo md chay den vd chup hinh chung tdi an cam chiiu bin a kho quet man chat [26; tr.85] Chieu lai, gia dinh an cam, mdt bua cam dan da binh thudng, nhung nhirng ngudi khach du ljch lai td md va chup hinh dl lam ki niem vl vung ddt Thd Sdu Trong Au tha tuai dep, thang nhd Sdi cd dan song thilu tinh thuang cua cha va me, va canh doan tu cua ngudi khac lam nd phai ganh ty "Nd dirng lai trudc mot gia dinh dang an cam khdng biit sdng hay trua ben hang hiin ciia nhd ga Mot dira tre nam gdi lin diii ngudi me, ddu dua tre khdc lai goi lin bung dira Ho se hdt vdi bai chuyin tau ngugc vi phia me em ghe laiga luc xi chiiu" [26; tr.65] Tac gia mieu ta that tinh tl budi an khdng biit sang hay trua, vao luc xe chieu thi Sdi nghe tieng hat cua hg, Sdi nhd din me, nhd vd cung Cha cua Sdi mdt bua sang ng, dng dy da ndi vdi Sdi la thdy nd di lac "Giua bita sdng, nguai cha ndi, "tai chiim bao thdy di lac nin mdi quynh " Thang nhd Sdi ngody mdy sai mi qudn vdng quanh chiic dua, nd gdt gu, "Cha di lac thi mdi lac " Em ngoi xip bang, ngd mdy cdi xody ngua trin ddu thdng nhd Sdi, vd nghi, thang nhd da di lac lau roi" [26; tr.65] Sdi ndi vdi cha la "cha de lac thi mdi lac" Va din luc cudi cung, cau be da chgn each di lac Dua tre cam thay qua cd dan, cha me cau diu cham lo cho gia dinh mdi, ma nai dd khdng cd mdt ngudi nhu cau Nguyen Nggc Tu da diing vl phia nhung dua tre, de nghT va cam thdng ve cudc ddi cua chinh nhan vat minh tao nen Vdi Ciia ngdy da mdt, ban da chiing kien canh chia tay cua nhan vat "Chuyin xe cap bin vdo mot budi chiiu tdn lui, nhung chiing tdi mai mai khdng tra vi duac cdi nai minh di Ddi vdn khdng budn, nhung nguai ta cir lam cho nd budn" [26; tr.103] Nhan vat "tdi" trd vl nai que nha nhung long thi se chang bao gid trd ve cai nai xa xua, nai cd cd gai chd dgi dng tren ddi thi GVHD: Nguyen Lam Dien 48 SVTH: Nguyen Tran Le Hang Thien nhiui 'rang tap truyen ngan Gio le va cau chuyen khac cua Nguyen Ngoc Tu khdng cd gi phai budn, nhung nhan vat thi luc nao cung cam thay budn, vi tir day ve sau se khdng cdn gap cd gai nua Trong Gid le, cd gai nghe tieng rao che vao mdi budi trua thi cd lai bong mudn ndi tieng ngudi, cd rat mudn ndi nhung khdng the thdt len tieng dugc, neu cd ndi dugc, cd se an ui anh Tim Ndi, dng Budn se khdng budn nua vi cd chi thich dng cudi "Nhitng gi em da mdt, chi tiing ndi em cdn nghi tdi, ddi Ban trua, nghe tiing rao che hai hai, hay tieng goi vdi vai, em bong them ndi-gidng-ngudi Di anh Tim Ndi sup khdc bin md ndi, em se vd vi, bao "anh cir khdc, tdi ngoi canh day, tdi cha" Em cung mudn ndi vdi dng Budn, em thich dng cuai, nhitng luc mdu chdy dng that su gidng nhu nguai sdng [26; tr.l53] Cd gai cam da nhin thay dam chay va da cuu dugc nhirng ngudi di ciing xe la Du va ga "Sdng hdm sau, ti vi ndi rang cha My Dire chdy rum, chi cdn cdi khung bi tdng dm khdi, hang ti ddng hda tro bui, ho dang tim nguyin nhan" [26; tr 131] Hg dau biet rang, cd gai cam khdng phai cam tu nhd ma la gi mdt nguyen nhan nao nen cd mdi cam Khi cd gai chiing kien canh chay rui ca chg My Due thi cd bong phat len tieng "Lira" va da cuu dugc nhung ngudi di cung xe vdi cd Tu do, Du biet cd khdng bj cam nen da day cho cd ndi, cd gai khdng ndi dugc thi Du lai nat, cd gai cam ndi "hdi chut xiu nua Id sdng mua trdi lam " [26; tr 157] thi Du lai bao cd gai phai ndi la "Biit chung nao mdi chiu an ndi tir ti hd trai Phdi ndi vay ne, "luc gdn sdng mua Idn qud " [26; tr 157] Du cam thay minh rat hanh phiic dugc cham sdc che chd cho cd gai tu ba ndi Du bd di xa, gid cam giac ay lai trao len long Du Khdng gian ban dugc Nguyen Nggc Tu khac hga that da dang va phong phu, chj mieu ta d cac thai diem khac cua ban Song song dd la nhung canh vat, tam trang nhan vat phu hgp vdi ndi dung cua mdi tac pham Tat ca nhirng dieu gdp phan lam cho tac pham hoan thien han 3.1.4 Ta canh ban dem Ban dem la thai khac de ngudi nghT ngoi sau mdt lam viec met mdi, vat va, Nguyen Nggc Tu mieu ta canh ban dem vdi nhieu cung bac sac thai tinh cam khac cua nhan vat Va ciing lam nen cdng viec mieu ta canh sac thien nhien ban dem ciia Nguyen Nggc Tu GVHD: Nguyen Lam Dien 49 SVTH: Nguyen Tran Le Hang Thien nhien tap truyin ngan Gid le va cdu chuyen khdc cua Nguyen Ngoc Tir Vdi Chudn chudn dap nude, ngudi cha cam thay tuyet vgng vdi md kien thuc ciia minh, dng luon day dut va budn ba khdng mudn ddi mat vdi gai va gia dinh Trong bong tdi, dng ngoi suy tu " Trdi tdi mit, md chudn chudn vdn bay rap long Hay vi chudn chudn nhiiu qud nin khiin trdi tdi mit? Cha ciing khdng biit nira [26; tr.29] Phai chang la khdng gian bong tdi that sir hay vi long ngudi cha van dm hoai mdt suy nghT ve "chudn chudn" nen dng cam thay tdi tam? Tac gia da lam nen mdt canh sac budi tdi vdi nhung chudn chudn that dac biet Trong bua an tdi dng an ciing khdng ngon "Bita cam tdi cha an mot each guang gao Gap cho nhd cdi dui ga hdp rau ram, me ndi me phdi di mdy cdi cha mdi mua duac ga thd vudn, cha mdi nhan trin mam cd thitga " [26; tr.20] Trong mam cd thiic an gi dng cung khdng them quan tam vi dieu ddi vdi dng khdng cdn quan trgng nira Ong luon tu trach minh tai chuyen gi ciing khdng quen ma lai quen vu chudn chudn dap nude Dju Sdu trin dinh Puvan, trudc cd di xuat khau lao ddng va bj gat phai mang bau, ve ngudi chdng cu cua cd khdng che ma anh cdn rat thuang Dju, va den mdt dem ng, anh tdi tham Dju "Tdi sau, lo mo tdi tham, luc ddu chi dirng ddng xa ngd day diit, mot hdi mdi lai gdn, ndi nhu hut hai: "Chdc Id thang nhd biit keu ba bang tieng Viet - ngd thdy Diu sap phan ung, ndi luon - tui thuang nd nhu tui, thiit md " [26; tr.43] Anh mudn ndi lai tinh xua vdi Dju, nhung Dju khdng chap nhan Tdi la thai gian yen tinh de nghT ngoi, nhung ddi vdi ngudi dan d day, thi hg chd can mua bat ke hay dem Cui nhin len trdi va doan rang "Tdi trdi chdc mem mua - thang Cui hdn - Con Danh chdc khodi lam, thi ndo nd ciing chay sdn tam mot bita da ddi" [26; tr.50] Ddi vdi Ciii thi trdi tdi rat nhanh, nd sg rang me nd se ngdng nhung vi chua lay dugc tien cdng nen nd phai dgi "Thang Ciii lo tdi qud khdng vi nha kip, nd dirng long ngdng nhu bi nude ndng dit, md hai vi khdch khdng cd vi gi mudn quay xudng nui, nghia Id nd cung chua cham tay tdi mdn tiin cdng Danh cha dai" [26; tr.52] Hay Cua ngdy da mdt, nhan vat dugc ngu lai d nha ngudi dan tren bd van bj mgt "Dim chung tdi a lai nhd bd con, ngii trin nhirng chiic vac cau go ghi, cot ket hay bd vdn da bi mot due nham nhd" [26; tr.l00] Diing vao thai khac nua GVHD: Nguyen Lam Diin 50 SVTH: Nguyen Tran Le Hang Thien nhien tap truyen ngan Gio le va cdu chuycc khdc cua Nguyen Ngoc Tu dem, nhan vat "tdi" ngu say trai qua mdt lam viec met mdi "Nira dim Tiing ddy xich buoc ghe xiing xeng dudi bin lam tdi chui vao miing vd ngu say, than Tdi tin rang chua bao gid minh lai ngu mot gidc sdu, din muc cdm gidc nhu minh dang chim tir tir vdo chit"[26; tr.l02] Cd Ian nhan vat "tdi" lo cho cd gai, khdng ngu dugc "Em vdn cuai vd nhich mep giuang, suot dim khdng cham vao tdi Tdi thi khdng chap mat, phap phdng sa em mi ngu, Ian ddp xudng ddt"[26; tr.95] Sang thich cd gai va cdn hen hd vdi cd "tdi tui lay ghe chd lai dang xa udng nude chai, cung gdn day thdi" [26; tr.l02] Cd phai chang day la mdt budi tdi lang man nen tha ddi vdi Sang, nhung ddi vdi nhan vat tdi thi budi tdi that khinh khung, dng nghe lai dieu ly tinh tang "Cd chim nhan bd dan Qua day nhd bdu bd cdng khdc thuang" [26; tr.l02] va dng sg rang cd gai se bd dng ma di Trong Au tha tuai dep, gia dinh khdng hanh phiic, ca hai deu tim cho minh mdt niem hanh phiic mdi ben gia dinh rieng cua minh, khdng nghT den tuang lai cua tre Sdi sdng vdi cha, cd d vdi me Khi dem Sdi ve vdi me Sdi, cha Sdi cam thay day la mdt dem rat dai, dai vd t&n'Nguai cha ru thang nhd Sdi xudng ga Sdi im lang, nhu da ngu say rdi Cha xudng mot minh, dng phdi mua thim vdi gdi thuoc la nua, mdt dim qud ddi ciia nam nay" [26; tr.63] Vdi Gid le, nhan vat cd gai cam cd nhieu ten nhu d Mai Lam thi ngudi ta ggi la Lac, tre ggi la cam, cdn ngudi Idn thi ggi "Em Cung, di dau anh chd?", va mdt budi tdi ng, cd gai lai cd mdt cai ten mdi, la Lam "Tdi hdm kia, mdt nhd cha xe buyt bin dudng, tin em Id Lam Nguai thdng thdt Lam la mot niin mem nhir vi say Cd tiing kiu ciing xiiu veo, rai Trong cdi chudi lap bap trin mdi la ndi nhd" [26; tr 121] Budi tdi dd, cd gai bj chj chu nha xi nhuc vi di tren xe cung nhieu ngudi dan dng, cd nhan tinh cua chj "Cd gdi nga ngdc md mat thdy trai vdn tdi mit mil, cd xudng xe vdo nhd rira mat Chi chii nhd ngoi chdi tdc, ndi vong ra:- An ngii ddm di vdi tui ldi xe tdi dudng ddi, thu gdi ti han gii rach " [26; tr 151] Ban dem la thai khac yen tTnh, bong dem ngudi cd the lang nghe mgi am du la nhd nhat "dim nam nghe nhirng sai nude ngdm chdy re rdt long ddt, tiing dudi than Idn rung tir vdch xudng, tiing chudt ngira rang GVHD: Nguyen Lam Dien 51 SVTH: Nguyen Tran Le Hang Thic >nhien tap truyen ngan Gio le vd cai> /ntyen khac ciia Nguyen Ngoc Tu can ni non vao gdc cdy, tiing Id khd lay lat rai ddu trin mat chiic Id khd khdc " [26; tr 147] Nhan vat "em" Gid le nam lang nghe nhirng am that dac biet: tieng nude chay, tieng dudi than Ian rung, tieng chudt ngiia rang, tieng la khd rai tat ca nhung am deu rat hoang da, deu la nhirng am sau tham bong dem ma khdng phai cung cd the lang nghe va cam nhan dugc Tac gia that tinh te mieu ta nhan vat "em" cung vdi sir cam nhan sau sac nhung am hoang da ve dem Cd gai nghe thay Du ndi nhung gi khdng that thi cd lai ndn "Cd gdi a lai cabin, bat ddu tir hdm ndn mot qudn an, Du bd Id nam mot cdnh tay chi chit seo ghe vd dam dudi bao mot cd phuc vu la dim qua anh da chiem bao thdy em, vd chap chan cd dim, udt dam cd dim, "Anh thdy nhd em khung khiip " [26; tr 122] Cd khdng chju dugc nhung ldi ndi ddc cua Du, ma cu the la nhirng ldi ndi ddi cua ngudi ddi Cd gai cam khdng phan biet dugc am cua mgi sir vat, dudng nhu nd trdn Ian vdi va cd cam nhan nd gidng nhau, nd tra trdc, khd khan "O cdi chdi ray gid Mai Lam thi khdng cd cua, chi la mdt cdi mdnh may bang bao ximdng, cung vd sot soat suot dim, khdngphan biit duac dm do Co, gid hay cua nguai Nd tra khdc nhu " [26; tr 160] Cdn ga la xe thi khdng can gia dinh nen chang bao gid thay ga cd mdt gia dinh nao het, ga chi can cd nhirng ngudi dan ba vao nhung luc ga cd dan nhat "Ga khdng cdn gia dinh nin khong bao gid xdy dung mdt gia dinh Ddi luc tam chung ciing khdng them nhin vao ca thi Ga cd cudc sdng riing, gidc ma riing vd nguai dan bd ciia minh vdo nhitng tdi" [26; tr.l24] Vao nhirng budi tdi, ga can cd cudc sdng rieng va ga thich sdng mdt cudc sdng tu va phdng tiing, ddi vdi ga vay la qua du Ndi nhd ddi lam Du khdng ngu dugc, anh nhd den cd gai cam, mdt ndi nhd ky la va dem that dai ddi vdi anh "Du nhd cd, nhd mdt each ky la, Idn da xanh tdi, nhirng can ndn vd cd, nhung cdu ndi tire cuai Idn rudt, nira ngdy ngii nira ma mdng Ndi nhd lam dim that ddi" [26; tr.l54] Du di theo xe de tim ba ndi, va ba ndi mat thi anh tudng nhu minh da mat tat ca, mdt hdm anh gap va yeu ngudi gai ay Chinh cd ay da tao cho anh niem tin de vuat qua sir sdng Cho den mdt budi tdi ng, anh bat gap mdt ngudi dan dng rdi khdi phdng cd GVHD: Nguyen Lam Dien 52 SVTH: Nguyen Tran Le Hang Thien nhien tap truyc igt i Gio ie va cau chuyen khac cua Nguyen Ngoc Tu gai "Vd nhitng tdi sau tieng cua khep md cot ket tiep ndi, Du chong su mdt mdt u lin dinh ddu " [26; tr.162] Day khdng phai la su bong bdt cua cd gai mdt dem ma nhieu dem nhu the, anh khdng the nao chju ndi, anh thay uat han, dau khd, anh mudn lao xe vao de giet ngudi dan dng nhu la mdt tai nan bat gid, nhung cd be cam lai rang sue niu chiec xe trdi nghieng ve phia minh, phia khdng cd ngudi va mdt nai chang cd sir sdng "Vd em thdy minh thuc su trdi, bong binh va mdng mi mot khdng gian tdi ddn, tdi ddn va rdi, bong tdi bat ddu vd tan " [26; tr.163] Cd gai tir ket thuc cudc ddi minh de khdng cdn phai khd them nua, nhung "Trong den thdm, em nghe Tim Ndi ndi, that anh bdy gia da la mot ma dm ire, "con nhd tdi chi dinh gian thdi md " [26; tr.163] Cd gai tu hdi tai ngudi ta cd the dem chuyen giet de lam trd dua, de rdi em va dng deu trd mdt ma, mdt ma am lie, dem tham, sir sdng tat dan, tat dan va cd khdng cdn phai budn nua Khdng gian ban dem dugc Nguyen Nggc Tu mieu ta dam net, mdi canh sac ban dem deu mang mau sac khac nhau, phu hop vdi tam trang cua nhan vat mdi cau chuyen 3.2 Nghe thuat su* dung tu* ngii* de ta canh 3.2.1 Dung nhirng tir chi mau sac Phan Idn cac tac pham dugc cac tac gia thudng chii trgng den viec md ta nhung canh sac thien nhien that nhieu mau sac de cd the lam tang them su sinh ddng, sir hap dan cho tac pham Nguyen Nggc Tu ciing vay, chj da mo ta mdt buc tranh thien nhien vdi nhieu mau sac Trong Thd Sdu canh sac thien nhien dugc mieu ta that da dang vdi nhieu mau sac "Vuan cii cd vdi cdy vu sira, mil u rung trdi day mat ddt, mdy bui tre bui true vut len trdi mot chdm xanh ngat" [26; tr.84] Mau sac that dan gian, binh dj, nhung bui tre, bui true cd mau "xanh ngat" that dep, d day chi nhung cay tre, cay true cd cung mdt mau xanh va nhieu bui ket hop vdi tao mdt mau xanh ngat hudng thang len tan trdi, day ciing la mdt canh sac dac trung cho vung dat Thd Sdu Khi nhin tu xa se thay nhung bong liia heo queo, khdng dugc tdt tuoi "Ngd sau nhd thdy mdt cdi vat ddng triing sdu, ngoi lin mat nude nhirng bong liia thua thdt, xanh xao "[26; tr.84] vung dat nay, cd nhung mua dam GVHD: Nguyen Lam Dien 53 SVTH: Nguyen Tran Le Hang Thien nhie- >vn : idp truyen ngan Gid le vd cdu ck: - •> khde'i-'c, \gii Tu rat lau mdi cd anh nang xuat hien trd lai va cd nang thi nang cd mdt mau sac that dac biet "Khi ndng trd lai u Thd Sdu mdu vang ua hoang hodi, sir thu ghet long tia tdi chat chua" [26; tr.88] Tir Thd Sdu trd khu du ljch thi nhung ngudi dan nai day rat khd chju, hg khdng thich vung dat cua hg bj mat di sir yen tTnh, nhung cho du mua hay nang, thi khach du ljch van thich thii vdi phong canh noi day, cho nen nang trd lai Thd Sdu thi long cam ghet long nhan vat tia cang sau dam hon Sdi Au tha tuai dep sdng thieu tinh thuang cua cha va me, hai ngudi da di them bude nua, cdn Sdi mdt minh cd don va lanh leo "Em sa md mat thirc day da nhin thdy me em, mac cdi me mua luc vang em, md cua Vdo nhd, em thdy mot ddi gidy dan dng xa la Vd cdi den ngu mdu ciia em me da thay bang thu anh sdng xanh tdi" [26; tr.62] Sdi sg rang mgi thu* se thay ddi, khdng cdn nhu trudc nua, anh den ngu mau ma bay gid me da thay bang thu anh sang mau xanh tai nhat Khi ngudi cha ru Sdi xudng ga nhung Sdi gia vd nhu da ngu say, Sdi nhin qua khe cua thi thay "Nhirng cdi den neong xanh xao dang soi nhirng hang qudn ngdi ngu, nhitng dua tre bdn dao thodt khdi can mdng du lanh lanh rao mai rdi tau Ian bdnh, chung lai tiip tuc la da vua dirng tua vao tuang ngii ngdy ngd [26; tr.63] Khi Sdi quyet djnh di that xa, khdng mudn sdng gan cha hoac me "Hdi lau, Sdi quay lai nhin vi phia tau, vd ddi mat nd xuyin qua khodng sdn ga rong, lam vat ndng xanh xao " [26; tr.66] Nang d day khdng cdn mau vang nua ma trd mau xanh, mdt mau xanh tai nhgt, dugc tac gia nhin tir xa nen nhirng tia nang cd phan chuyen ddi mau sac Vdi Cua ngdy da mdt, tac gia gidi thieu mdt loai cay cua mien sdng nude Nam Bd, dd la cay d mdi "Tdi mudn ngdi mai a cdi dudi vdm bong moi dd " [26; tr.98] Khi cay d mdi chin thi nd se cd mau do, bong d mdi rat dep, dep den muc sung sd ta dugc ngam cai mau rue rd mdt gdc trdi que mdi mua bong nd rd Va dieu dd lam cho nhan vat tdi khdng mudn di ma mudn ngdi mai d Khi nhung cau hat bj thieu hoi "Em di tim anh nude mat nhd ua cong co vdng Anh khdng tin di trd lai mdy nio dang em qua " [26; tr.l00] Cgng cd d day khdng cdn la mau xanh cua sir sdng nira ma nd la mau vang ua, gidng nhu tam trang cua nhan vat tdi, khdng cdn dugc nhu trudc nua GVHD: Nguyen Lam Dien 54 SVTH: Nguyen Tran Le Hang Thien nhien irong tap truyen ngan Gid ic vd cau chuyen khac cuu \guyen Ngoc Tu Hay Gid le, canh sac thien nhien dugc mieu ta that da dang vdi nhung mau sac that phong phii: "Nhitng chbm tim thap trin cdy da bi gid liia rung day ddt Tir luu lac, bdy bat ddu nhudm mdu lam lu, td tai" [26; tr.l27] Cay bang lang da lam cho chdm sao, gid dugc chuyen sang mau tim Nhin tu xa thi mau sac cd sir chuyen ddi mdt each nhanh chdng Nhan vat cd be cam dugc tac gia mieu ta vdi mdt mau xanh ran "Cd vdi cdu hdi binh thudng ma nguai ta hay dung di minh hoa cho trd thuat, thi du nhu nhd em a ddu, lai di lang thang bui ddi nhu vay? Bd khdng cdn ngudi thdn nao? Em binh gi md nguai em xanh ran vay? Em mudn di ddu? Ai cha em a do? Em tin gi? " [26; tr 120] Cd gai mang len xe nhieu cai bi an va bat thudng "Cirnhin cd gdi xanh met sau tran ndn md khdng nen long duac cir phdi bude miing, "nhin nhd ma qudi qud " [26; tr 124] Nhung ga lai rat quan tam den cd gai, khdng biet cd gai cd bj gid lam xanh them chut nua khdng "Nin du nam can phdng dm sue, cdu ta vdn tran troc vdi cdi kiiu gid dim nay, "con nhd cdm khdng chiu vd nhd " Sdng sau gap lai, khdng biit cd gdi cd bi gio lam xanh di chut nua " [26; tr 126] Trong Nui la, nhan vat tdi va VTnh dang ban ve bd phim sap lam "Tdi nhodi nguai ngdi day, tdi tudng Vinh dang cdm tap kich bdn tay, vd doc cdi anh sdng lorn ciia bdng den hot vit" [26; tr.73] Anh sang khdng phai mau trang, vang, ma day la mau 1dm, tac gia mieu ta anh sang that dep, lung linh cua nhung tia sang Trong bd phim se cd canh vdi nhieu bdng bang lang "Thang be thdy dng nd tua vdo gay bude tirng bude liiu xiiu vi phia ngdi nhd mdi, nai mat trai moc mdi sdm mai O ciing cd nhiiu bang lang, bong ciing tim rdi long rdi da" [26; tr.81] Bdng mau tim cung gidng nhu tam trang ciia ngudi rdi bdi khdng ldi thoat VTnh bat dau ke ve bd phim vdi gigng cudng nhiet, da diet nhu chinh cau ta dang d phim "Trai ai, mdu bdng bang lang tim, dng khdng tudng tuang duac ddu, nhudm cd trai chiiu" [26; tr.71] Mau tim cua bdng bang lang dugc VTnh dua vao bd phim mdt each rat ddc dao, mau bdng bang lang rat dep, ca bau trdi nhu nhudm mdt mau tim ngat VTnh ke vdi gigng say me va VTnh ndi rang dem nao VTnh ciing thay bdng bang lang "Nhung nhdnh bang lang bi qudng qudt lam bdng bang lang bay td tai" [26; tr.72], khdng chi cd bdng, ma tac gia cdn vi nd nhu nhung can gid "Nhung chit nao cd the chuyin tdi ndi GVHD: Nguyen Lam Dien 55 SVTH: Nguyen Tran Le Hang Thien nhien tap truyen ngan Gid le va cdu chuyen hide ciia NguvJn Ngoc Tu cdi cdnh hoa rai bdi bdi nhu nhung can gid tim " [26; tr.72] Mau tim khdng chi cd d bdng bang lang ma nd cdn dugc tac gia mieu ta nhu nhung can gid Nhung cung cd mdt mau tim khac nua, mau tim cua nhung bdng sau "Nhung nhirng gi anh cd, anh hudng thu nua ddi qua da tam thudng nhat nheo trudc nhung bdng sdu dang chuyin sang ph&t tim, vat, hat sdng lin viing trai tdi tam mua gid " [26; tr.55] Bdng sau da trd bdng, niem ao udc ciia VTnh da dugc thuc hien Viec sii dung mau sac de mieu ta canh sac thien nhien lam ndi bat canh sac thien nhien va cung gdp phan mieu ta tam trang cua nhan vat 3.2.2 Dung ngir ta canh Thanh ngu cdn dugc Nguyen Nggc Tu mieu ta qua nhung canh sac thien nhien mien sdng nude Qua nhung ngu cang giiip cho ta hieSi them ve dk nude minh De dien ta cai nang, cai han han du ddi ngoai viec mieu ta tren nhung cau van thi Nguyen Nggc Tu cdn van dung ngu vao de lam tang them tinh sinh ddng, ham xiic cho cau van, ngu dugc Nguyen Nggc Tu mieu ta cai nang gat cua mua han han that sau sac "- Tdi trdi chdc mim mua - thdng Cui hdn hd - Con Danh chdc khodi lam, thi nao nd ciing chay sdn tam mdt bita da dai Vinh cdn mong gi han, can mua ddu tiin sau han bdn tram ngdy ndng nhu thieu nhw rang, vd sdu trd nhitng bdng hoa ddu tiin " [26; tr.50] Gia trj cua ngu "nang nhw thieu nhw rang" mang gia trj khai quat cao the hien cai ndng du ddi sau nhieu khdng cd lay mdt giot mua, ngudi dang khao khat, dgi chd nhung giot mua ay roi xudng nai ma hg dang sdng Hay Gid li "Anh ndi nd da tirng a ddu, Mai Lam hd? Trdi, hdi di niin xungphong tdi cd a do, rung thieng nude doc lam Tdi nghiip chdu nd " [26; tr.125] Thanh ngu ritng thieng nw&c ddc, dien ta mdt noi vang ve, u am, tdi tam cd ca nhung thu du va nude sinh hoat ciing la mdt van de khd khan cho nhung ngudi sdng nai day Nguyen Nggc Tu cdn van dung ngu vao de ndi den kinh nghiem sdng cua ngudi: "Bdy gia thi cha nhin dam dam nam md ciia bd ndi, cha rau ri, phdi md khdng chit sdm thi chdc minh da biit vu chudn chudn dap nw&c rdi GVHD: Nguyen Lam Dien 56 SVTH: Nguyen Tran Le Hang , hien nhien lap truyen ngan Gid le vd cdu chuyin khac cua Ngwcn '\/oc Tir Thanh ngu duac luu truyin trin mdi nhirng ba gid qui md " [26; tr.24] Hay "Dac biet la chudn chudn vd nhitng gi cd liin quan tdi chudn chudn, thi du nhu "chudn chudn bay thap thi mwa Bay cao thi nang bay vita thi ram " (dam ban cua cha luc suang suang ba md thi nhai vay "chudn chudn bay thap thi cao Bay cao thi thap bay vira thi thdi") [26; tr.28] Thanh ngu "Chudn chudn dap nude" cho thay dugc kinh nghiem cua ngudi xua, chudn chudn dap nude la liic nd de triing va ngu "Chudn chudn bay thap thi mua, bay cao thi nang bay vira thi ram" ciing la kinh nghiem ngudi due ket ma nen, nhin chudn chudn bay ngudi cd the du doan dugc thai tiet se nhu the nao? Hay Thd Sdu, ngu dugc van dung vao cudc sdng cua ngudi "Khi tdi dai Thd Sdu da budn tham can co de Din ndi nhitng nguai a day khdng cdn cdm gidc di nhan biit budn nita Chi khdch phuang xa mdi ngdy ngat trudc bd mat sdu mudn ciia qui tdi" [26; tr.84] Thanh ngu "thdm can cd di " dien ta mdt ndi budn khdng de gi phai nhda tam tri cua ngudi dan Thd Sdu, an sau vao va khdng lay chuyen dugc nua Vdi Cua ngdy da mdt, tac gia cdn mugn ngu de dien ta sir ranh rgt ciia ngudi viec chinh phuc thien nhien "Sdng, cdu ldi ghe Id mot ngudi it hoc, hoang da vd manh me Sdng ciing me di bdn hang bdng tir nam mudi hai tudi, cdu ta ranh re dudng ngang ldi tat, thuoc long nw&c l&n rong" [26; tr.92] "Con nw&c l&n rong" dugc lay tu cau ngu "Nude Idn chdy vd, nude rong chdy ra" Dung de mieu ta canh thien nhien d Ddng bang sdng Cuu Long, cd nghTa la ngudi ta chi biet dua vao thien nhien chd khdng biet chinh phuc thien nhien, tdi dau hay tdi Hay Chudn chudn dap nude, ngudi cha luon sdng tam trang dan vat vi tui chudn chudn "Cd qud nhiiu chuyin nhan tinh the thai ma cha khdng quin, cd nhiiu thang cha xd la cd khia dam sau lung cha, ddng le nin quin di cuai tron nu, di ddi nhe nhom md cha khdng quin, thi lai quin vu nay? " [26; tr.24] Thanh ngu Nhan tinh the thdi la cum tu chi hien trang cua xa hdi luc bay gid, each nhin sir viec, sir ddi theo ngir pha chut cam xiic, nhan sinh quan cua ngudi cha ddi vdi mgi ngudi Nd cdn the hien cam nghT, cam xiic cua GVHD: Nguyen Lam Dien 57 SVTH: Nguyen Tran Le Hang Thiennhien tap truyen ngur Gid le a cdu chuyen khdc ciia Nguyin Ngoc Tu ngudi cha trudc mdt dien bien sir viec nao cudc sdng ngudi cha khdng quen chuyen gi khac ma lai quen chuyen chudn chuon dap nude Nguyen Nggc Tu van dung ngu vao tac pham cua minh lam cho ndi dung tac pham de hieu han ma nd cdn the hien dugc ban sac van hda dan tdc Qua do, se giiip cho ldi van truyen them sinh ddng, giau hanh anh, lam phong phii them ngdn ngu cua tac gia va ddc gia Nd gdp phan lam nen phong each rieng cho tac gia Cd le sau dgc xong truyen ngan ciia Nguyen Nggc Tu, it nhiSu thi cac ddc gia se biet din nhirng net dac trung ciia vung que Nam Bd, tu nhung canh sac thien nhien den canh sinh hoat cua ngudi dan Nam Bd That vay, Nguyen Nggc Tu da van dung cac bien phap nghe thuat vao tac pham ciia minh rat cdng Chj ludn van dung diing each, diing nai, diing cho Chj ludn can nhac viec su dung cac bien phap nghe thuat khac tung hoan canh mdt each rat sang tao, chj da lam chu dugc trang viet ciia minh Tat ca nhung dieu ay lam nen cdng ciia Nguyen Nggc Tu GVHD: Nguyen Lam Dien 58 SVTH: Nguyen Tran Le Hang Thien nhien tap truyen ngdn Gio le vd cdu chuyen khdc ciia Nguyen Ngoc Tu KET LUAN Nguyen Nggc Tu trudc het la nha van cua vung dat Tay Nam Bd Tuy chi viet ve vung dat Mui vdi nhung dac trung ciia nd nhung nhung hinh anh thien nhien van ciia chj da trd dac trung cho vung dat Cd the ndi chj la nha van cua ddng sdng, canh ddng, miet vudn Thien nhien nhu hda quyen, gan chat vdi ddi sdng cua ngudi Nd nudi dudng ngudi va cung vdi ngudi vuat qua bao khd khan thu thach cudc sdng ddi thudng Nd gdp phan dua ten tudi cua nha van vao hang ngii nhung nha van tieu bieu nhung nam gan day Dgc nhung trang van mieu ta buc tranh thien nhien tap truyen ngan Gid li vd cdu chuyin khdc, chiing tdi nhan thay chj da phac hga nen hinh anh thien nhien cua nhung ddng sdng, canh ddng bao la bat ngat Con sdng rat gan gui, va qua truyen ngan, ta thay sdng d mgi noi, y nghTa cua nd khdng phai la hinh anh bat ngan ciia vd sd sinh vat vdi day du nhung mau sac ma sdng cdn gan chat vdi ddi sdng cua ngudi, nhieu ca mdt ddi ngudi gan bd mat thiet vdi sdng Cdn canh ddng cua Nguyen Nggc Tu la mdt bieu tugng van hgc Vi vay, nd khdng cdn la canh ddng cua mdt dja phuang cu the nhu cua dat Mui, cua Nam Bd ma trd canh ddng cua cudc sdng Thien nhien ddi luc rat tTnh lang, yen binh va ddi ciing rat khac nghiet Qua hinh anh thien nhien, gdp phan bdi dap them tinh cam cua ngudi vdi que huong Nam Bd, ddi vdi nai minh sinh va Idn len Chac han, neu la ngudi Nam Bd, va dgc qua truyen cua chj, se cd mdt cam xiic nao dd ve nai ay, mdt nai tran day tinh thuang yeu va hanh phiic Nhin chung, he thdng hinh anh thien nhien cua vung dat Nam Bd: ddng sdng, canh ddng, canh sac may, trdi, niii non, canh vudn Urge vdi dac trung rat rieng da trd bieu tugng tac pham cua Nguyen Nggc Tu Nd khdng chi la mdt bd phan cua tac pham ma cdn gdp phan lam cho trang viet ciia chj tham dam chat Nam Bd Chj biet ket hgp mdt each kheo leo cac bien phap nghe thuat ta canh: tu xa den gan, tir cao xudng thap, ta canh ban ngay, ta canh ban dem Ben canh do, chj cdn van dung vao cac bien phap su dung tu ngu: dung nhung tu chi mau sac, diing GVHD: Nguyen Lam Dien 59 SVTH: Nguyen Tran Le Hang Thien nhien