Hóa luận tốt nghiệp văn học từ paul và virginie của bernardin de saint pierre đến sống thác với tình của hồ biểu chánh

TRCTCfNG 001 HOC VO TRU0NG TOfiN KHOA KHOA HOC CO BAN KHOA LUAN TOT NGHIEP CHUYEN NGANH VAN HOC TXJPAUL VA VIRGINIE CUA BERNARDIN DE SAINT PIERRE DEN SONG THAC VOI TINH CUA HO BIEU CHANH Giang vien hiring dan: TS LE NGOC THUY Sinh vien thyc hien: NGUYEN THI THU THUY DfilHOCVOTRtfdNGTQfiH Hau Giang, thdng 06 nam 2012 LO»I CAM ON Nha vao sir day tan tinh cua cac thay co truang Dai hoc Vo Truang Toan, Khoa khoa hoc ca ban suot bon nam hoc qua, dac biet la su huang dan chu dao cua co Le Ngoc Thuy va cung vai su tim toi, co gang, no lire cua ban than, toi da hoan dugc de tai Tu* Paul va Virginie cua Bernardin De Saint Pierre den Song thdc v&i tinh cua Ho Bieu Chanh Toi xin gui den cac thay co truang Dai hoc V6 Truang Toan, Khoa khoa hoc ca ban, dac biet la co Le Ngoc Thuy- Nguai huang dan toi suot qua trinh hoan khoa luan tot nghiep lai cam an chan va sau sac Hau Giang, ngayt.&thang £nam 2012 \[[c^^~~ ^J r ,—-t LOI CAM DOAN Toi xin cam doan rang de tai la chinh toi thuc hien, cac so lieu thu thap va ket qua phan tich de tai la trung thuc, de tai khong trung vai bat cu de tai nghien cuu khoa hoc nao Sinh vien thirc hien (Ky va ghi ro ho ten) Nguyen Thi Thu Thuy PHIEU DANH GIA KHOA LUAN TOT NGHIEP (Giang vien hw&ng dan) GlANG VIEN HlTCJNG DAN: LE NGOC THUY SINH VIEN THUC HIEN: NGUYEN THI THU THUY MSSV:0856010047 KHOA: TENDETAl: TIT PAUL VA VIRGINIE CUA BERNARDIN DE SAINT PIERRE DEN SONG THAC VCtt TINH CUA HO BIEU CHANH NHAN XET CUA GIANG VIEN HlTOfNG DAN Danh gia chung qua trinh lam man van tot nghiep: 1.1 Chuyencan: 1.2 Thai do: 1.3 Khac: Danh gia luan van: 2.1 Dat van de (theo buac): 2.2 Noi dung chinh: in 2.3 Chu thich, thu muc: 2.4 Hinh thuc trinh bay: 2.4.1 Dung lugng (trang): 2.4.2 Khuon kho: 2.4.3 In an: 2.4.4 Trinh bay: 2.4.5 Chinh ta, ngu phap: Danh gia, xep loai: Danh gia: Xep loai: , thdng nam 20 Giang vien huang dan (Ki va ghi ro ho ten) IV TOM TAT KHOA LUAN De tai: Tu* Paul vd Virginie ciia Bernardin De Saint Pierre den Song thdc vai tinh ciia Ho Bieu Chanh MO DAU Li chon de tai Toi mong muon hieu ro moi quan he giua hai nen van hoc Phap- Viet va nhung dong gop cua Ho Bieu Chanh cho nen van hoc dan toe noi chung va nen van xudi Quoc ngu Nam bo noi rieng Lich sir van de Nhung anh huang ciia cac tac gia van hoc Viet Nam tu van hoc phuang Tay dugc cac cong trinh nghien cuu nhac den nhu: Quy ludt phdt then lich su van hoc Viet Nam cua tac gia Le Tri Vien; Victor Huygo va cac nhd van Viet Nam cua Tran Hinh Nhung cong trinh nghien cuu ve cac tac pham phong tac cua Ho Bieu Chanh: Nhung cong trinh nghien cuu ciia tac gia Nguyen Van Trung nhu Chinh sack van hod ciia nguai Phap vd dnh huang cua van hoc Phap a Mien Nam thai hi dau thuoc dia, Anh huang ciia mot so tieu thuyet gia Phap doi vai tac gia Viet Nam, Les Miserahles cua Victor Huygo va Ngon co gio diia cua Ho Bieu Chanh Cong trinh nghien cuu ciia Nguyen Kim Anh : Tiiu thuyet Nam Bo cuoi the ky XIX dau thi ky XX Tac pham Song thdc vai tinh dugc tac gia Nguyen Khue nhac den quyen Chan dung Ho Bieu Chanh Con tac pham Paul vd Virginie cung dugc tac gia Xavier Darcos nhac den quyen Lich sir van hoc Phap Hay giao trinh Lich sir van hoc phuang Tay II, tac gia Le Ngoc Thuy cung co nhac den tac pham Viec nghien cuu moi quan he giua tac pham Paul vd Virginie vai tac pham Song thdc vai tinh thi chua dugc nhung nguai nghien cuu nhSc d^n Muc dich yeu cau Khi thuc hien de tai nay, nguai viet mong muon hieu ro han ve su anh huang cua van hoc phuang Tay den van hoc Viet Nam Cu the la nhung anh huang cua van hoc Phap den van hoc a mien Nam Viet Nam Nguai viet phai tim nhung diem tuang dong va di biet giua hai tac pham Paul vd Virginie va Song thdc vai tinh Tu nhung diem di biet, nguai viet phai dua nhung sang tao dong gop ciia Ho Bieu Chanh tac pham phong tac Pham vi nghien cuu Tai lieu dugc giai han chu yeu la hai tac pham Paul va Virginie va tac pham Song thdc vai tinh Tuy nhien nguai viet co the tham khao nhung tai lieu khac nhu: Li luan ve van hoc so sanh nhung tai lieu nghien cuu ve cuoc dai va sang tac ciia Ho Bieu Chanh Phuong phap nghien cuu Phuang phap so sanh, doi chieu, phuang phap he thong hoa, phuang phap phan tich va tong hgp CHUONG1 NHUNG VAN DE CHUNG 1.1 VAI VAN DE CHUNG VE VAN HOC SO SANH Qua trinh hinh va phat trien ciia bg mon van hoc so sanh Cac quan niem khac ve van hoc so sanh Muc tieu ca ban ciia van hoc so sanh Doi tugng ca ban cua van hoc so sanh Pham vi nghien cuu ciia van hoc so sanh Vai de tai nghien cuu nay, nguai viet nghien cuu ve de tai, chii de, cot truyen, nhan vat va nghien cuu cac tu tuang van hoc la chii yeu 1.2 THOI DAI, NHA VAN BERNARDIN DE SAINT PIERRE 1.2.1 Vai net ve van hoc the ky XVIII Xa hoi Phap luc bay gia co sir chuyen bien quan trong nhieu lTnh virc nhu chinh tri, kinh te, xa hoi, tu tuang, van hoa, Chinh tri a Phap the ky XVIII co nhieu Su thay doi bat dau tu su kien vua Louis XIV qua dai vao nam 1715 Kinh te ciia Phap thai gian cung gap nhieu kho khan Nhung chinh sach doi mai ve kinh te chua dugc su ling ho nhiet tinh tu nguai dan vi Xa hoi Phap the ky XVIII co su phan hoa Xa hoi Phap luc chia ba dang cap gom tang lu, quy toe va dang cap thu ba Tinh than triet hgc la dac diem noi bat ciia tu tuang Phap the ky XVIII Van hoa tinh than a Phap the ky XVIII khong su tin tuang tuyet doi vao Chua trai Van hgc Phap bao gom dong van hgc chinh tri va dong van hgc tinh cam Hai dong van hgc dan xen suot the ky XVIII 1.2.2 Cuoc doi va su* nghiep ciia Bernardin de Saint Pierre Bernadin de Saint-Pierre sinh nam 1737, mat nam 1814 Ong dugc nhung nguai giai van hgc biet den, tac pham Ky su tren dao Phap quoc ciia ong dai Tu nam 1784 den nam 1788, Bernadin de Saint-Pierre Pierre xuat ban Tap sim tarn ve thien nhien Sau xuat ban tap Tap suu tarn ve thien nhien, ong da cho dai cuon tilu thuyet Paul vd Virginie Cuon tieu thuyet dai da dugc giai tu si Phap het lai khen nggi Nhin chung sir nghiep sang tac ciia Bernadin de Saint Pierre khong nhieu, nhung ong co nhung tac pham danh dau dugc buac chuyen minh van hgc Phap truac sang the ky XIX 1.3 THOI DAI, NHA VAN HO BIEU CHANH 1.3.1 Tinh hinh van hoc Nam bo niia dau the ky XX Dau the ky XX, van hoa phuang Tay da du nhap at vao Viet Nam Trong giai doan nay, Xa hoi Viet Nam co nhung thay d6i ve cac llnh vuc khac nhu giao due, bao chi, van hgc nghe thuat, Tinh hinh giao due co su thay doi rat Ian Tieng Phap dugc su dung ph6 bien nha truang Phap xay dung truang hgc nhung chu yeu la dao tao tay sai Hoat dong bao chi phat trien va bao chi giu vai tro quan trgng giai doan Nen van hoa Viet Nam thay doi da tao tien de cho van hgc co nhung thay doi va phat trien Viec su dung chu Quoc ngu bien da gop phan phat trien nen van xuoi Viet Nam Tuy nhien su tien bo mot phan nhung anh huang tu van hoc phuang Tay Nghe thuat san khau cung co nhung hinh thuc mai nhu kich, cai luang Trong do, kich dai su tiep xuc vai van hoa phuang Tay Dau the ky XX, cong tac bien khao, nghien cuu phe binh van hgc, hoat dong dich thuat, phong tac phat trien manh 1.3.2 Cuoc doi va su* nghiep ciia Ho Bieu Chanh Ho Bieu Chanh ten that la Ho Van Trung, hieu la Thu Tien, tu la Bieu Chanh Ong sinh 01 thang 10 nam 1885 tai lang Binh Thanh, Go Cong ( thuge tinh Tien Giang) Tu nam 1906 den nam 1941, ong lam viec lien tuc cho phap va giu nhieu chuc vu khac Ong mat 04 thang 11 nam 1958 tai Phu Nhuan Ngoai vai tro la mot quan chuc Ho Bieu Chanh la mot nha van, nha tha, nha bao, nha bien kich, nha khao cuu, Toan bo tieu thuyet cua ong co 64 quyen thi co 11 quyen dugc phong tac tu tieu thuyet Phap va mot quyen phong tac tu ti£u thuyet Nga CHUONG SU TUONG DONG GIUA HAI TAC PHAM PAUL VA VIRGININE VA SONG THAC VOI TINH 2.1 TUONG DONG VE DE TAl 2.1.1 Tom tat noi dung tac pham Tac pham Paul vd Virginie ke ve cau chuyen tinh ciia doi ban tre tren hon dao In- do- frangxa Con tac pham Song thdc vai tinh ke ve cau chuyen tinh cua doi ban tre tren hon dao Phu Quoc 2.1.2 De tai ciia tac pham goc Khai niem ve de tai: De tai Id mot phuang dien cua noi dung tdc phdm, no chi pham vi hien thuc cu the da dupe nha van nhdn thuc lua chon vd phdn dnh tdc phdm [ 8, tr 116] De tai ciia tac pham Paul vd Virginie la tinh yeu va so phan tinh yeu moi quan he vdi moi truang ben ngoai Vlll 2.1.3 De tai ciia tac pham phong tac Hinh thuc phong tac dugc hieu nhu sau : " Phong tdc Id chi giu cot truyen hay mot phdn cot truyen, cau chuyen hoan cdnh tarn ly, tu tuang, hanh dong ciia nhdn vat, lai van, deu tdc gia sang tdc nhdn viec nghe cau chuyen cua nguai, nghi den can chuyen cua minh " [ 10, tr.383] De tai ciia tac pham phong tac Song thdc vai tinh la tinh yeu va so phan tinh yeu moi quan he vai moi truang ben ngoai Giua tac pham goc Paul va Virginie va tac pham phong tac Song thdc vai tinh co sir tuang dong ve de tai Qua day cho thay tac gia Ho Bieu Chanh da tiep thu gan nhu trgn ven de tai va cam sang tac tu tac pham goc Paul vd Virginie 2.2 TUONG DONG VE COT TRUYEN 2.2.1 Vai van de ve cot truyen Dinh nghTa cot truyen: " Cot truyen la su the hien cac y nghia cua chudi su kien moi lien he nhdn qua lien tuc Hay noi cu the han cot truyen la cdi loi dien bien ciia truyen tu luc xay cho den ket thuc Cot truyen khongphai Id yeu to tat yeu ciia moi loai tdc phdm van hoc " [ 8, tr 304] Cot truyen thuang bao gom cac phan: trinh bay, that nut, phat trien, cao trao va ma nut 2.2.2 Kieu cot truyen eo le, ngang trai Giua tac pham goc Paul va Virginie va tac pham phong tac Song thdc vai tinh co sir tuang dong ve cot truyen Do la hai tac pham deu the hien cot truyen eo le, ngang trai Su eo le, ngang trai ciia tac pham Paul vd Virginie la cuoc song a nhung nai dan sa, gian di mai that su la nai ciia thien duang hanh phuc, cuoc song a nhung nai tuang chung nhu hanh phuc lai la nai dan den nhung bat hanh Va Su eo le va ngang trai ciia cau truyen the hien a cho hai nguai yeu nhung hg khong dugc song hanh phuc ben Bai tinh yeu ciia hg luon bi sir ngan each Sir eo le ngang trai ciia tac pham phong tac Song thdc vai tinh dugc the hien qua tinh yeu va su ngan each IX Tic Paul va Virginie ciia Bernardin De Saint Pierre din Song thdc vdi tinh cua Ho Bieu Chdnh nhien Dieu cho thay ngudi khdng nhirng len an ma doan tuyet vdi cudc sdng nai xa hdi van minh Con ngudi len an vdi xa hdi van minh thi hg tung chiu sir dau kh6 xa hdi gay ra: " Mpt ngudi thi nhd Igi nhung xdt xa vi coi thuang viec hdn nhdn, ngudi thi bdi nhiing tuc li hdn nhdn qud ngat ngheo " [6; tr.325] Vi the vdi hg chi cudc song hanh phuc, song each xa xa hdi van minh thi: " Cd hai diu sung sudng nghi rang cua minh may man hon, sdng xa cdch nhung dinh kiin tan dc cua chdu Au, se dupe hudng hgnh phuc cua tinh yiu vd su binh ddng" [6, tr.325] Chi cd cudc song nai thien nhien mdi la cudc song chan that nhat Vi d khdng cd sir lua doi, chen ep vi danh Igi hay vi vat chat nao ca: " hdn ddo khdng cd su buon bdn nay, cudc sdng chdn thuc vd dan gian " [6, tr 352] Va cudc song cua ngudi cang dm dep va hanh phuc, khdng cd sir xam nhap ciia nen van minh vat chat: " Chdu se thdy hgnh phuc, hgnh phuc khdng liin quan gi din tiin cua, duac che chd ngudi minh yiu ddu gdn bd vdi chinh minh " [6, tr.424] Du cudc sdng nai thien nhien khdng dugc day du nhu cudc song d thi, nhung nai lai la nai sdng hanh phuc nhat Vi nai khdng chiia mdt sir gia doi hay mdt dinh kien tan ac nao rang budc doi vdi ngudi Con ngudi chi song vdi bang nhirng tinh cam tot dep va chan Vi the ngudi da manh me tu bd cudc song van minh thi, de den vdi cudc sdng nai hoang vang Cudc song nai van minh thi chi dem lai sir tha hoa cho ngudi Va nai chi phu hop vdi cudc sdng ciia nhung ngudi chi biet tranh gianh ve danh Igi Nhung ket qua cua su tranh gianh chi la sir tan nhan vdi each cu xu va nhung dau kho cho chinh cudc ddi cua hg ma thdi Trong tac pham Paul vd Virginie, mong muon ciia ba Da La Tua la Virginie dugc ddn Phap song vdi ba cd nhu la mdt giai phap de noi ket lai vdi xa hdi van minh Nhung cudc noi ket da that bai Sir that bai bat nguon tu nhidu nguyen nhan khac Cu the la mdt ngudi von song d nai thien nhien hien hoa va mang ban chat chan that thi khdng the nao song hoa hop vdi cudc song d nai xd bo va gia doi Sir that bai cudc ndi ket chu y ciia nha van Nha van muon ndu len quan diem rang chi cd nai thien nhien thi ngudi mdi that sir song hanh phuc GVHD: Le Ngoc Thuy 49 SVTH: Nguyen Thj Thu Thuy Tic Paul vd Virginie cua Bernardin De Saint Pierre din Song thdc vdi tinh cua Ho Bieu Chdnh 3.1.2 Giai phap on hoa, noi ket trd lai vdi xa hoi Giai phap dn hoa ndi ket trd lai vdi xa hdi chinh la chu dh ciia tac pham Song thdc vdi tinh Trong tac pham Song thdc vdi tinh, cac nhan vat du da tim den nai song mdi xa lanh vdi thuc tai, nhung each lira chgn ay chi nham muc dich la tranh thuc tai dau kho Sir lanh ddi cua cac nhan vat chi la mdt giai phap mang tinh chat tam thai Vi the tac gia ludn dua nhirng giai phap on hoa de cho nhan vat tac pham dugc trd ve vdi xa hdi Day cung la diem di biet cua tac pham vdi tac pham Paul vd Virginie U nhan vat chgn each sdng lanh ddi la vi: " CM chdu tdi tinh lanh ddi, khdng mudn chung ehg vdi thien hg cho khdi dau khd, khdi buc tuc nin mdi tdi ngoai ndy Vi chdng chit cd khdng cd noi nuang dua, nin cd tim noi heo lanh, tinh md dn dat di thii tiitduang tdnh " Cac nhan vat ddu dua nhung li song lanh ddi ciia chinh minh Hg song lanh ddi vi mudn xa nai ma minh da tung song dau kho Hg muon tim den sir binh yen d mdt nai song mdi de quen di thuc tai dau kh6 Sir lanh ddi khdng cd nghia la hg doan tuyet vdi cudc song xa hdi Khi nhan dugc nguyen nhan gay dau kho, hg cd the trd ve nai ma hg da tung song Trong tac pham, nhan vat cd Le trudc vi chiu nhirng noi dau va tui nhuc, nen cd da chgn each song rdi xa cudc song d Sai Gdn Va cd biet dugc nguyen nhan dan den dau khd cho cudc ddi minh va nghe nhung ldi khuydn tu ngudi than de trd ve hoa nhap vdi cudc song nai thj Cd Le da nhan dugc nhieu ldi khuydn tu ngudi than, diing trudc quyet djnh cd ndn trd ve Sai Gdn khdng Va nhung ldi khuydn nhu la nhirng giai phap dn hoa giup cho ngudi noi ket trd lai vdi cudc song xa hdi Nhung ldi khuydn, phan tich cua cd Thien Huang danh cho Cd Le ludn chiia dung nhidu tinh cam va dao li song d ddi: " Vi mudn duac hiiu nen dng phdi mdt tinh thi mudi mdy nam nay, chi chdc vi phdn tri dng khdng duac vui sudng nhu em nghi dau n cha me nen dng phdi xa em, nhung dng gap dng chu dng khdc vd giao tiin bgc cay dng chu dem em di xa md nudi, dng hica se chu cap ludn ludn, dng lo cho ddi sdng ciia em vd lo cho dua cua dng cdu tao nin, chic dng khdng cd ygat dem di xa ddng dng bd, khdng tin ticc dng viit tha din mdy lan ma dng kiim, Id bang cd dng khdng quin me em Hdm tinh canh biin ddi do, dng lieu hod hiip vdi em duac, nin dng mudn dng chu dem me em trd vi Xet cho ky, chi nhdn thdy dng khdng cd ldi gi vdi em md em phiin trach nin em khdng chiu dem Xudn Son vi dang chdng gap va, cha nhin con, chdng va cha sum hiip" GVHD: Le Ngoc Thuy 50 SVTH: Nguyen Thi Thu Thuy Tic Paul vd Virginie ciia Bernardin De Saint Pierre din Song thdc vdi tinh ciia Ho Bieu Chdnh Con ngudi khdng ndn song vdi qua khu, ma quen di hien tai va ca tuang lai Va ngudi cung chang ndn vi noi dau ciia ban than ma khdng de cho ngudi than ciia minh song hanh phuc Va tac pham nay, ngudi me phai biet bd qua nhirng loi lam qua khu dd cho minh cd cudc song em dep: " Em nin nghi din ddi tuang lai ciia nd nua chd Bdy gid minh biit cha nd da chiiu cd din nd rdi chd khdng phdi bd Minh cung biit cha nd giau sang Vdy minh phdi de nen long thuang yeu cua minh md di cho nd gdn cha nd dang bdy gid thdn nd duac sung sudng, rdi chicng Idn khdn nd nhd ciia phu dm md khdi cue khd tdm thdn Cha da mudn nhin con, md minh cdn trd khdng cho cha gdn nhau, chi so sau nd khdn Idn, nd cue khd, rdi nd phiin trach chi em minh " Du song xa lanh ddi, nhung ngudi khdng the quen di tat ca cac moi quan he xung quanh giua ngudi vdi ngudi Khdng phai sdng lanh ddi la quen di tat ca, chi bidt den ca nhan ciia minh thdi: " Da biit minh xa lanh ngudi ddi di tim thu vui vdi canh dai thiin nhiin Id canh ddi dac biit it mudn thi minh lo cho phdn minh chdng ki din thien hg; nhung hoan canh cua minh khdc, minh khdng thi khdng ki din ngudi a Con ngudi du song hoan canh nao thi hg cung can cd tinh cam, dao li lam ngudi Nhat la hg phai giu chu tin va tao long tin vdi ngudi khac Vi the nhan vat Hai Cudng ludn nhat quyet dua me cd Le trd ve Sai Gdn: " Neu chu cdm cdn khdng cho vi gdn chdng, khdng cho Xudn Son vi cho biit cha, thi chu da ldi hica hen, mdt long tin cay cua ngudi, md chu cdn trdi dgo vdi thiin nhiin, te xua chu gid ddi vdi ddng Tgo Hod, khdng thi duac Tuy gdc chii d cho bdn hdn di tiin md ra, song chu biitgiu trug tin, chii ham thd liim si Theo y chii thi chu mudn dem trd vi Sdi Gdn chu giao Igi cho Khdi Quang cho trdn nhiim vu cua chu, rdi chiu d hay khdng thi haiddng tinh vdi nhau, chu khdng biit tdi nua " Nhung ldi khuydn trdn la nhung giai phap tot dep de dua nhan vat ve cudc song hoa nhap vdi xa hdi Vi the cuoi tac pham nhan vat cd Le da trd ve song ben gia dinh Va cd da cd dugc cudc sdng hanh phuc Dieu cho ta thay ngudi khdng the mai mai song thoat li va doan tuyet han vdi xa hdi ben ngoai Day cung la mdt cudc noi ket trd lai vdi xa hdi cdng Qua each giai quyet de cho nhan vat trd ve hoa nhap vdi cudc sdng xa hdi, tac gia Hd Bieu Chanh ciing da ndu len dugc tu tudng ciia minh tac pham Tu tudng ciia tac gia d day la ndu len yeu to dao li Ho Bieu Chanh ludn de cao dao li lam ngudi tac pham ciia minh Vi the tac pham cua dng ket thuc ludn dem lai dieu tot dep va hanh phuc cho nhan vat Va cung vi de cao dao li lam ngudi, nen dng da dua nhung GVHD: Le Ngoc Thuy 51 SVTH: Nguyen Thj Thu Thuy Tic Paul vd Virginie cua Bernardin De Saint Pierre din Song thdc vdi tinh ciia Ho Bieu Chdnh giai phap dn hoa giup cho ngudi noi ket trd lai vdi xa hdi Yeu to dao li ludn rang budc ngudi each doi xu vdi Con ngudi cd the phu nhan tat ca nhung gia trj vd vat chat, nhung ngudi khdng the phii nhan va quen di nhung gia tri tot dep mdi quan he giua ngudi vdi ngudi Chii dG ndi dung ciia tac pham da khai quat len dugc chieu sau tu tudng cua Hd Bieu Chanh Tu tudng ve dao li phu hop vdi quan niem cua ngudi Viet Nam Vi the, du tac pham Song thdc vdi tinh, dugc Ho Bieu Chanh phdng tac tu tac pham Paul va Virginie cua Bernadin de Saint-Pierre, nhung tac pham van giir dugc ban sac van hoa tinh than cua Viet Nam Day cung la net di bidt Idn ve phuang dien chu de cua hai tac pham 3.2 DI BIET VE KHONG GIAN GIlTA HAI TAC PHAM 3.2.1 Khong gian thien nhien dac thu vung dao nirdc Phap Trong tac pham Paul vd Virginie, khdng gian thien nhien dac thu ciia vung dao nude Phap dugc the hien thu nhd qua dao In- do- frangxa Dia hinh cua dao In- do- frangxa dugc the hien tac pham rat cu the vdi nhirng net dac trung cua mien bien dao: " Cdi nin manh ddt todn Id dd vd khe, di rdt khd khan; song cd thi nhiing cay to vd nd chua nhiiu ngudn nude vd sudi Manh ddt bin dudi trdi theo doc sdng Cay Co cho din quang hien chung ta dang dicng day: tic day, sdng chdy qua hai day ddi tan biin chi thdy mdy cdi ria nhung canh ddng cd, mdt miing ddt khd bangphdng, nhung ciing chdng tdt gi han manh ddt kia, bdi vi vi miia mua thi lay ldi, vi miia khd Igi ran nhu bua danh " [ 6, tr 321] Vdi dja hinh nhu thd nhung hdn dao cung cd the gieo dugc nhieu thii de dap ung nhu cau ciia cudc song: "Bdc ke vd ngd anhung manh ddt cdn, it lua mi trin nhung manh ddt tdt vd lua dudi nhung miing ddt trung biin lay; dudi chdn nui, bdc bi ngd, bdu, dua chupt, nhung cay leo lin nhiing mom dd Trin nhiing vung ddt khd bdc khoai lang, rau cu rdt ngpt; trin nhung khodng ddt cao, bdc bong; mia thi d nhiing miing ddt ran, it cay cd phi trin ddi, sinh hgt nhd nhung tuyet; doc bd sdng vd xung quanh hai can nhd, nhung cay chudi vdi nhiing buon chudi ddi quanh nam vd rap bong mdt" [ tr.322- 323] GVHD: Le Ngoc Thuy 52 SVTH: Nguyen Thj Thu Thuy Tic Paulvd Virginie cua Bernardin De Saint Pierre den Songthdc vdi tinh ciiaHo Bieu Chdnh Dieu kien tu nhien tren hdn dao In- da- frangxa ciing vd cung khac nghidt Vdi hai mua la mua khd va mua mua, moi mua deu cd nhung net dac trung rieng Khi budc vao mua khd, thai tiet tren hdn dao la nhirng cai nang ndng gay gat va canh vat xung quanh nhu tat han sir song: " Ovung nhiet ddi thinh thodng cd nhitng mua he tan phd ddt dai rdt ghe gam; mdt miia he nhu vdy da phd hogi nai Dd Id vi cudi thdng chgp, mat trdi, din chdm Nguu, suot ba tudn liin, hun dot ddo In- da-frangxa bang nhitng tia nang dicng thang Gid ddng nam, von van thdi hdu nhu quanh nam, bdng dicng Igi Nhitng loc cuon bui mil tren duang cdi, rdi la lung trin khdng Ddu ddu, ddt ciing nut ne, cd chdy hoi ndng hue bdc len tic sudn nui; phdn Idn cdc sudi diu khd cgn Khdng mpt dam mdy tic phia biin Chi ban mdi cd nhitng dam hoi ddng dpc bat len tic mat ddng bang, vd mat trdi lan giong nhu nhitng ngon lua cua mot dam chdy Dim cung chdng mang mdt ludng gid mdt ndo cho bdu khdng bi nung dot Vang trang di to mdt cdch lg lung, mpc lin tic mdt chdn trdi md due Trin sudn ddi, nhitng dan cicu ii ru vuon cd len trdi di hap chut khdng lam vang lin thung lung nhitng tiing rin ri buon thdm Ngay nhitng ngudi da den chdn cicu cung nam ddi xudng ddt di tim chut gi mdt me; nhung ddu ddu ddt ciing ndng bdng vd bdu khdng ngpt ngat, cdn trung vo ve di tim hut mdu ngudi vd mdu sue vdt di udng cho khat" [ 6, tr.357- 358] Cdn vd mua mua thi hdn dao In- da- frangxa cung cd nhung net dac trung rieng ciia thien nhien mien bien dao nude Phap, ma khdng the nao nham lan vdi bat ki mot hdn dao nao khac Neu mua khd la nhirng cai nang gay gat thi miia mua lai kern theo nhung bao du ddi vdi nhung tieng sam set ren vang: " Chdng mdy choc, sdm set kinh hoang vang ddng khdp nui rieng, ddng bdng, thung lung; nhitng trdn mua khiing khiip tic tren trdi dpi xudng nhitng ddng thdc Nhitng sudi nude ngau bpt chdy xiit dpc sudn nui, vung trung biin biin; nai cao dung mdy tup liu Id mdt hdn ddo nhd; va cua thung lung la mdt cdi dap nude, tudn hdn logn ndo ddt, ndo cay cdi, ndo da tang, cuon nhitng ddng nude reo dm dm " [ 6, tr.359] Trong nhung mua mua den thi thudng cd nhung can bao, ngudi cd the du bao dugc nhung can bao se ddn Vdi kha nang quan sat quan canh thien nhien, ngudi cd the biet dugc bao den Cd the la nhin vao sir bat thudng cua nhirng loai chim bien: " Trong rieng, Id rung ddng md khdng cd tigid ndo Chim biin trdn vao ddt liin, tdt cd nhitng ddu hiiu bdo tin mdt trdn bao tdt nhiin se din Qud nhiin, tdt cd diu bdo hiiu se cd mdt trdn giong bao Nhitng dam mdy a gdn bdu trdi, den ngdm, rdt ghi so a trung tdm, xung quanh, mdt mdu ddng ram Trin khdng, vang len tiing kiu ciia nhitng chim dudi choi, chim cdc biin, chim cdt nude vd vd sd chim biin, GVHD: Le Ngoc Thuy 53 SVTH: Nguyen Thj Thu Thuy Tic Paul vd Virginie cua Bernardin De Saint Pierre din Song thdc vdi tinh ciia Ho Bieu Chdnh mac du trdi tdi om, tic khap nai xa tit mil tap bay din tren ddo tim noi tru dn " [ 6, tr.411-412] Nhung mua mua bao qua di, hdn dao In- da- frangxa van trd ve vdi nhung ve dep von cd ciia thien nhien Canh vat thien nhien xung quanh day siic song: " Cay tatamac, cay mun vd nhitng cay a vung gpi Id cay tao, cay d Hu, cay qui, nhitng liim cay chd Id day vuan len ngon Id nhitng chum Id xoe tan rdng bin trin nhitng tang Id khdc, nhu thi mpt khu rieng hgi cd nhung ddy leo vdi nhirng chum la cdc logi leo tic cay sang cay khdc, tgo a cho ndy nhitng vdm cung day hoa, a nai nhitng bice rem xanh tuai tdt Cdc thic huang tham tod tic cdc logi cay, thdm vao cd din quan do, khiin khdeh qua rieng, vi mua hoa nd, bgn cd thi bdo cay rung phu tuyit trang Cudi he, nhiiu logi chim Ig, mpt bdn nang khdng thi hiiu duac, tic nhitng miin xa xdi, dbin biin cd, din day nhdt nhitng hgt cay cua hdn ddo nay" [ 6, tr.388- 389] Tat ca nhirng canh vat tren hdn dao In- do- frangxa la nhirng net dac trung cho khdng gian thien nhien cua vung dao nude Phap Tat ca nhung net dac trung ay dugc tac gia mieu ta rat cu the va sinh ddng, nham lam noi bat len biic tranh thien nhien ciia mot vung dao Biic tranh vdi nhirng ve dep von cd ciia thien nhien, nhung cung chat chiia nhirng sir tan pha chinh thien nhien mang den Vi the thdng qua khdng gian thien nhien tren hdn dao In- da- frangxa, ngudi dgc cd the hieu dugc nhirng net dac trung cua ca vung dao cua nude Phap 3.2.2 Khong gian thien nhien dac thu mien bien dao Nam bo Trong tac pham Song thdc vdi tinh khdng gian thien nhien dac thu ciia mien bien dao Nam bd dugc the hien qua hinh anh thu nhd la hdn dao Phii Quoc Ho Bieu Chanh khdng nhung gidi thieu ve lich su dao Phii Quoc, ma tac gia cdn gidi thieu ve nhirng dieu kien tir nhien va ca nhirng tim nang phat trien vung dao Canh vat thien nhien tren hdn dao vd cung phong phii va da dang, vdi nhung ve dep thien nhien ban tang Vi the hdn dao Phii Quoc trd ndn rat vi: ((Chung tdi nggc nhiin, dung trdn trdn, mat nga ngdo, long xuc ddng Thud xem dia du ve hdn Phii Qudc, chung tdi tudng nd nhd, Igi nam ngoai xa, bd thdy dgng vdy thdi, chd ddu de nd vi, cao ngdt, Igi cd ve dm u, tru mat, nam dudi gam trdi, trin mat biin, mdt ddng so tic dudi hdn Chdng lingdn tdi Can Vpt nhu vdy ddu " GVHD: Le Ngoc Thuy 54 SVTH: Nguyen Thi Thu Thuy Tic Paul va Virginie ciia Bernardin De SaintPierredenSong thdc vdi tinh cua Ho Bieu Chdnh Chinh sir vi nhu the da tao cho Phii Quoc cd vi tri chien luge rat quan trgng: " Phu Qudc da cd mpt lich sicve vang nhuvdy, Igi thim nam ddi theo duyin hdi Nam phdn Viet Nam: hdn Phu Qudc phia tren, qudn ddo Cdn Ndn phia dudi, Id hai can ciethiin nhien cua hdi qudn di phdng thii cd vungndy" Dja hinh, canh vat hdn dao Phii Quoc dugc mieu ta kha cu the Hdn dao it dan cu sinh sdng Canh vat xung quanh cdn nguyen ve hoang sa, tao cho khdng gian nai trd ndn yen tinh va vang lang: " Cd lang cd xdm, md chua cd duang bd di cho giao thdng cho mau vd cho di Cung chua cd duang xuyin ngang qua hdn di ndi liin Duang Ddng vdi Ham Ninh Id hai lang lan cd ddng ddn cu nen cha Thiit cd mdt sd ngudi sdng rdi rdc hdn, hodc d theo mdy trang nhd dica, hodc cdt am, cdt chiia a trin triin nui md tu; nhung mdy ngudi dy giao thdng vdi lang xdm ngoai me biin thi hp vet cdy, xd dd, dgp duang mdn di vd cho de vdy thdi Luc dy d phia sau cha Duong Ddng cd mdt duang nhd vd Giing Tien rdi di thang lin vung Sudi Dd Qua khdi Giing Tiin mdt ddi, niu ngudi ta bang rieng di qua phia tay trdi, di mdt khodng xa thi ngudi ta se gap mdt cdi trang nhd duac han mdt mdu ddt vdy thdi Phia sau cd mdt cdi ddi ndm doe doc tie trang vd tdi chan nui, Igi cd mdt cdi sudi dua nude tren nui xudng, chdy ngang qua trang, rdi di ludn ngoai mdt ddi gap ngon rgch nhd rut nude di thang biin " Dieu kien tir nhien tren hdn dao hau mat me va lanh Hdn dao lai cd nhieu dac san noi tieng Vi the nhung da den day, thi ludn thich thii vdi nai nay: " Md xua Phu Qudc cdn ndi danh sdn xuat thic nude mdm cd com Id nude mam hdn, Igi cd nem, cd ddn dot, cd cd biin, cd ddi mdi, cd huyin, cd tiiu, cd dica Ong khen ngoai ndy phong canh dep, hdu tdt, cd nui cao Igi rdng nen dim mdt me ludn ludn, Igi cd cd biin du thic an ngon md re, cdn cd nude mdm nhi, cd mdm nem cd cam an mi qud Ra din day phong thd diiu hod, bi an sung sudng, hit mudn trd vd Sdi Gdn " Tu nhung dieu kien tu nhien cho den canh vat trdn hdn dao ciing da tao mot net khu bidt Idn vdi bat ki mdt hdn dao khac Hdn dao van giu moi quan he thdng thuang vdi dat lien: " Ghe biin chd nude mdm, ddi mdi, thuyin dem vd Hd Tien hodc Rgch Gid md bdn rdi mua ggo, mudi, vdi, ciing cdc vdt dung can yiu khdc chd vi bdn cho ngudi ddn hdn" Hdn dao Phii Qudc la hinh anh thu nhd cua bien dao Nam bd Nai day mang dam nhung net dac thu cua khdng gian thien nhien mien bien dao Nam bd Dd la mdt hdn dao hien len vdi mdt dang ve cdn hoang sa, chua dugc su khai pha Canh vat tren GVHD: LeNgoc Thuy 55 SVTH: Nguyen Thi Thu Thuy Tic Paul vd Virginie ciia Bernardin De Saint Pierre din Song thdc vdi tinh ciia Ho Bieu Chdnh hdn dao phong phii va da dang, vdi nhieu canh dep ciia mien bien dao chinh thien nhien tao ndn Xu hudng Viet Nam hoa, bdn dia hoa mgnh me cua tdc phdm phdng tdc vi phuang diin khdng gian Tac pham Sdng thdc vdi tinh dugc Ho Bieu Chanh phdng tac tu tac pham van hgc Phap Paul vd Virginie ciia nha van Bernadin de Saint-Pierre Mac du la tac pham phdng tac, nhung tac pham van giu dugc nhung net ridng bidt Chinh dieu da tao dugc nhirng di biet giua hai tac pham Va thdng qua day, ta cung thay dugc nhung sang tao cua Ho Bieu Chanh tac pham phdng tac Khi nhin ve phuang dien khdng gian, khdng gian tac phamSong thdc vdi tinh hoan toan khac vdi khdng gian tac pham Paul vd Virginie Ho Bieu Chanh da dua vao tac pham cua minh ca khdng gian bien dao vdi nhung net dac thu ridng Khdng gian ciia mien bien dao dugc xem la hoan toan Viet Nam Xet tung yeu to khdng gian cua mien bien dao tac pham, nd rat phii hop vdi khdng gian bien dao Viet Nam thai bay gid, ma nhat la bien dao d vung dat Nam bd Van db ve Viet Nam hoa va ban dia hoa tac pham cua Ho Bieu Chanh dugc the hien ro net Tuy hai cung lay boi canh trdn khdng gian mien bien dao, nhung tac pham phdng tac khdng bi anh hudng tir khdng gian cua tac pham goc Dieu da the hien dugc sir sang tao ciia Ho Bieu Chanh 3.3 DI BIET VE THCH GIAN GlCA HAI TAC PHAM 3.3.1 Thdi gian the ky XVIII d Chau Au Dac diem Thai gian the ky XVIII d Chau Au cd nhieu sir kien quan trgng didn Chd phong kien ton tai d day thai gian kha dai, cho ddn the ky XVIII da trd mdt chudng ngai cho su phat trien ciia xa hdi Giai cap tu san Idn manh dan va mau thuan vdi giai cap phong kien cang gay gat Thai gian ciing didn nhidu cudc dau tranh chong phong kien trdn khap chau Au Sau cudc Cach mang tu san Anh dien giua the ky XVII la cudc Cach mang tu san Phap vao cuoi the ky XVIII The ky XVIII d chau Au trd cai moc quan trgng danh dau thai ky tan cua che dd phong kien va nhirng thang Igi ciia Cach mang tu san trdn quy md rdng Idn Trong thai gian the ky XVIII d Phap ciing da cd nhieu dac diem dang luuy den GVHD: Le Ngoc Thuy 56 SVTH: Nguyen Thj Thu Thuy Tic Paul va Virginie cua Bernardin De Saint Pierre din Song thdc vdi tinh ciia Ho Bieu Chdnh Nam 1715, Vua Louis XIV hien than ciia che quan chu chuyen che tuyet doi qua ddi Phu chinh Philipe Orleane nam thuc quyen cai tri dat nude vua Louis XV cdn qua tre Nam 1774 vua Louis XVI noi ngdi va da dua nhieu du an cai each xa hdi, nhung dng khdng du siic chong lai tang lap quy tdc dac quyen Sau do, Vua Louis XVI da tim each giai quyet tinh hinh bang mdt bien phap dac bidt la tridu tap Dai hdi dai bieu dang cap dc tham khao y kien O Phap tu lau da ton tai sir bat binh dang giua cac tang lap xa hdi, vi nhirng dac quyen dac Igi ciia cac tang lap khac Trong xa hdi Phap liic bay gid ton tai ba dang cap: tang lu, quy tdc va dang cap thii ba Nen kinh te Phap bay gid dang co gang dua nhirng doi mdi, nhung gap rat nhieu khd khan Cac nha kinh te dua nhirng doi mdi ca cau cay nhung khdng dugc su ling hd tu nhirng ndng dan Tinh than triet hgc la dac diem n6i bat ciia tutudng Phap the ky XVIII Van hgc the ky XVIII bao ham nhung net doi lap giua tinh cam va lytri, giua su phd phan va nd luc xay dung, giua ly tri tudng tugng va sir sang suot, giua bdng toi va anh sang Van hgc cd nhieu sir doi mdi ve ndi dung va hinh thiic, nhung van noi tiep va phat trien truyen thong ciia chu nghia Co dien Hai ddng van hgc Idn dan xen suot the ky la ddng van hgc chinh tri va ddng van hgc tinh cam tX , A 3.3.2 Thdi gian dau the ky XX d Viet Nam Dac diem Xa hdi Viet Nam dau the ky XX cd nhieu bien ddng Idn Dat nude ta chiing kien nhidu dau thuang va bi dat lich sii Dau thd ky XX Phap da ca ban thuc hien xong cdng cudc binh dinh trdn dat nude ta va chuyen sang khai thac thudc dia, xay dung trat tu mdi Chd dd phong kien sup do, hang ngu giai cap thong tri tan Ca bd may thong trj ciia nha nude phong kien tu trieu dinh den tinh, huydn, lang, xa deu trd tay sai cho Phap Mgi quydn hanh tap trung tay ngudi Phap Tang lap tri thiic thai phong kien liic bay gid cung lam vao tinh trang song dd chet dd Trong so cd ngudi dau hang lam tay sai cho Phap, cd ngudi tham gia cac cudc khdi nghia chong phap, nhung cung cd nhung ngudi lui ve song an dat Trong thai gian da cd nhieu cudc khdi nghia dien ra, nhung hau het deu that bai va bi Phap da man dan ap GVHD: Le Ngoc Thuy 57 SVTH: Nguyen Thj Thu Thuy Tic Paul vd Virginie cua Bernardin De Saint Pierre din Song thdc vdi tinh cua Ho Bieu Chdnh Ngay 03- 02- 1930 Dang cdng san Viet Nam ddi da md ky nguyen mdi, ky nguyen cua Cach mang vd san giai cap cdng nhan lanh dao Dau thd ky XX kinh te nude ta van la nen kinh te ndng nghiep lac hau Thuc dan Phap da thi hanh mdt so chinh sach ve kinh td lam cho nen kinh te nude ta cang ngheo nan va lac hau Kinh te hang hoa da kich thich sir ddi va phat trien cua cdng thuang nghiep Nhu cau xa hdi thay doi, mdt so nganh nghe mdi ddi Giai cap tu san va tieu tu san xuat hien Sir phat trien cua cdng nghiep lam cho ndng nghiep dan dan bj pha san Ndng dan budc phai thi sinh song Trong giai doan dau the ky XX, giai cap cdng nhan Viet Nam dugc hinh Xa hdi Viet Nam cd sir chuyen bien tu y thiic he phong kien sang y thiic he tu san Dau thd ky XX, van hoa phuang Tay da du nhap at vao Viet Nam Tu nen van hoa Viet Nam da chuyen dan sang nen van hoa hien dai chiu sir anh hudng cua van hoa phuang Tay Tu nhirng thay doi ve chinh tri, kinh te, xa hdi, da tao tien de cho nhung thay doi ITnh vuc van hgc Vide bien su dung chu Quoc ngu da gdp phan thiic day vide xay dung va phat trien nen van xudi Viet Nam Dau the ky XX nen van xudi Viet Nam the hien nhung tien bd ro ret Trong nen van xudi Quoc ngu Nam bd sdm xuat hien va cd nhieu ddng gdp cho tien trinh hien dai hoa van hgc Van hgc thai ky da cd nhirng anh hudng tu nen van hgc phuang Tay Tu nhung tien de ve chinh tri, xa hdi, van hgc Viet Nam dan budc vao duang hien dai hoa van hgc Sir hinh nen van xudi Quoc ngu Nam bd gan lien vdi vide vung dat Nam ky trd thudc dia ciia Phap Tuy van hgc da bat dau doi mdi ca ve quan niem sang tac, phuang thiic sang tac, nhung khdng cd nghia la nhung dau vet cua truyen thong van chuang thai ky trung dai khdng cdn Van cdn quan niem " van di tai dao" cac sang tac van hgc liic bay gid Dieu dugc the hien ro nhat cac sang tac ciia cac nha van Nam bd Trong cac sang tac hg ludn dat muc dich giao huan, ran day nhan nghia, dao diic la muc dich len hang dau ciia cac tac pham Day ciing la tu tudng truyen thong ciia nen van chuang trung dai Viet Nam Su phat trien cua nen van xudi Quoc ngu Nam bd khdng the khdng ke den sir ddng gdp ciia Ho Bieu Chanh Ong ciing la mdt nhirng ngudi chiu sir anh hudng tu van hoc hgc phuang Tay, ma chu yeu la van hgc Phap GVHD: Le Ngoc Thuy 58 SVTH: Nguyen Thj Thu Thuy Tic Paul vd Virginie cuaBernardin De Saint Pierre den Song thdc vdi tinh cua Ho Bieu Chdnh Xu hudng Viet Nam hoa, bdn dia hda mgnh me cua tdc phdm phdng tdc vi phuang diin thai gian Thai gian the ky XVIII d chau Au ma cu the la d Phap vdi thai gian dau the ky XX d Viet Nam cd su khac bidt ve nhieu phuang didn Tac pham van hoc ddi ludn phan anh hien thuc xa hdi moi giai doan lich sii ciia moi quoc gia, cac tac pham van hgc ddi thudng bi anh hudng tu nhieu tien de nhu chinh tri, xa hdi, van hoa, d Phap the ky XVIII, cac sang tac van hgc thudng viet ve de tai hanh phuc Day dugc coi la md tip ciia van hgc Phap the ky XVIII Tac pham Paul vd Virginie ddi da dem lai ddng gdp Idn cho ddng van hgc lang man Phap the ky XVIII Tac gia Bernardin de Saint- Pierre da dua quan niem ve hanh phuc rat phii hop vdi quan niem ciia chii nghia tinh cam liic bay gid Con ngudi chi that sir harm phuc, hg dugc song thien nhien Thien nhien se mang ddn cho ngudi hanh phuc va niem vui Vi the nhan vat tac pham da lua chgn each song xa lanh va doan tuyet vdi xa hdi van minh bdn ngoai Qua tac pham Paul vd Virginie, tac gia cdn the hien tu tudng triet li " trd ve hoa nhap vdi thien nhien" Nhin chung ndi dung ciia tac pham van hgc ciing chi ban luan den nhirng van de dang dugc nhieu tac gia khac quan tam Va phu hop vdi yeu cau doi mdi van hgc thd ky XVIII Viet Nam thai gian dau the ky XX, van hgc da dan di vao dudng hien dai hoa van hgc Ciing khoang thai gian nay, nen van hoa phuang Tay da du nhap d at vao Viet Nam Chinh dieu it nhieu da tao sir anh hudng den tu tudng ngudi Viet liic bay gid Sir anh hudng dugc the hien ro nhat la cac sang tac van hgc Trong nen van xudi Quoc ngu Nam bd, Ho Bieu Chanh la ngudi da tiep thu va anh hudng nhieu tu nen van hgc Phap Vi the su nghiep sang tac cua dng cd nhung tac pham dugc ggi la tac pham phdng tac Tac pham Sdng thdc vdi tinh dugc Ho Bieu Chanh phdng tac tu tac pham van hgc Phap Paul vd Virginie ciia nha van Bernardin de Saint- Pierre Tuy la tac pham dugc xem la phdng tac, nhung tac pham Song thdc vdi tinh van dap ling dugc nhu cau ve van hgc thai gian Khi sang tac tac pham dng van giu dugc nhung gia tri van hoa truyen thong cua van hoc va dan tdc Tu vide dgc tac pham van hgc Phap, Ho Bieu Chanh da sang tac tac pham hoan toan Viet Nam Dieu dugc the hien qua ndi dung tu tudng cua tac pham GVHD: Le Ngoc Thuy 59 SVTH: Nguyen Thj Thu Thuy Tic Paul vd Virginie cua Bernardin DeSaint Pierre dinSong thdc vdi tinh ciia Ho Bieu Chdnh Xu hudng Viet Nam hoa, ban dia hoa dugc the hien manh me tac pham ciia Hd Bieu Chanh, xet ve phuang didn thai gian nua dau the ky XX Day cung la nhung sang tao ciia nha van Ho Bieu Chanh vide phdng tac tac pham Sir sang tao cua dng khdng chi don thuan la vide viet lai tac pham theo kieu Viet Nam, ma la vide dng da thay vao tac pham nhieu chi tiet phu hop vdi hoan canh xa hdi liic bay gid Nhin tu phuang didn lich sii dan tdc vao thai gian nua dau the ky XX, che phong kien da sup Va vi the y thiic he phong kien da mat dan vi the ciia nd, thay vao la y thuc he tu san Du y thiic he phong kien da mat dan vj the nhung nhirng anh hudng ciia nd van cdn ton tai xa hdi bay gid Trong tac pham phdng tac Sdng thdc vdi tinh, nhung quan niem mang tinh chat phong kien, co hu van cdn ton tai va dugc the hien Dd la nhirng quan niem ve hdn nhan Hdn nhan phai cha me sap dat, cai khdng cd quyen tu hdn nhan Van hgc Viet Nam giai doan nua dau the ky XX da cd nhung budc d6i mdi Nhung van hgc giai doan doi mdi trdn tinh than ke thua va phat huy nhirng tuu ciia van hgc giai doan trudc Quan niem " van ditdi dgo, thi ngon chi" von la quan niem truyen thong van chuang trung dai Van hgc giai doan van cdn anh hudng bdi quan niem cac sang tac van hgc Trong tac pham phdng tac Song thdc vdi tinh, quan niem " van di tdi dgo" van dugc Ho Bieu Chanh the hien Dd la nhung yeu to dao ly mang tinh chat giao huan ludn dugc Ho Bieu Chanh de cap den tac pham Tu nhung anh hudng va tiep thu tuu ciia nen van hgc giai doan trudc, Ho Bieu Chanh da sang tac nhung tac pham ludn dap ling dugc nhu cau tiep nhan van hgc ciia cdng chiing Ngay nhung tac pham dugc phdng tac tu tac pham van hgc nude ngoai, Ho Bieu Chanh van tao tac pham vdi ndi dung phu hop vdi tam li ddc gia va hoan canh Viet Nam thai bay gid GVHD: Le Ngoc Thuy 60 SVTH: Nguyen Thj Thu Thuy Tic Paulvd Virginie ciia Bernardin De Saint Pierre den Song thdc vdi tinh ciiaHo Bieu Chdnh KET LUAN Nen Van hgc Viet Nam dau the ky XX dang trdn duang hien dai hoa van hoc Tu cuoi the ky XIX den dau thd ky XX, nen van xudi Quoc ngu da xuat hien va phat trien Nam bd la vung dat phat trien va dat nhieu tuu vd van xudi Quoc ngu Hd Bieu Chanh la mdt nhung ngudi cd nhieu ddng gdp cho vide md dau va phat trien nen van xudi Qudc ngir Cung thai ky van hoa phuang Tay da du nhap o at vao Viet Nam, vi the vide anh hudng va tiep thu van ciing la dieu tat yeu didn Dieu dugc the hien ro nhat cac sang tac van hgc liic bay gid Trong cac tac gia van hgc thai ky nay, Ho Bieu Chanh la ngudi chiu anh hudng nhieu tir van hgc phuang Tay, dac bidt la anh hudng tu van hgc Phap Trong sd cac tac pham ciia dng ludn cd sir kd thua nhirng gia tri truyen thong ciia van hgc dan tdc Bdn canh cdn cd nhirng tac pham dugc dng viet trdn ca sd vua ke thua gia tri truyen thong cua van hgc dan tdc, vua ket hgp vdi nhirng yeu to mdi dua trdn vide phdng tac cac tac pham van hgc phuang Tay, de each tan tac pham cua minh Va nhieu ngudi nghien cuu da ggi la nhung tac pham phdng tac Qua vide tim hieu de tai " Tu* Paul vd Virginie cua Bernardin De Saint Pierre den Song thdc vdi tinh ciia Ho Bieu Chanh", ta hieu them ve tac pham phdng tac ciia nha van Hd Bieu Chanh Vdi de tai ngudi vidt da lam cu the ve nhirng diem tuang dong va di bidt giua tac pham goc va tac pham phdng tac Tuy tac pham Song thdc vdi tinh dugc Ho Bieu Chanh phdng tac tu tac pham van hgc Phap Paul vd Virginie, nhung tac pham van khdng mat di nhung net dac trung ciia nen van hgc dan tdc Nhirng diem di bidt cua tac pham Sdng thdc vdi tinh so vdi tac pham Paul vd Virginie la nhung diem sang tao ciia nha van tac pham ciia minh Tac pham phdng tac ludn phu hop vdi tinh hinh van hgc liic bay gid Ndi dung tac pham van dap ling dugc yeu cau cua nen van hgc hien dai hoa Khi dat tac pham phdng tac vao khung canh xa hdi Viet Nam liic bay gid, thi ta thay dugc nhung sang tao ciia nha van Du anh hudng bdi van hoa phuang Tay, nhung phdng tac tac pham, nhung gia tri van hoa dan tdc khdng bao gid bi mat di Vide tiep thu va anh hudng tu van hgc Phap cac tieu thuyet cua Ho Bieu Chanh da gdp phan lam phong phii cho nen van hgc nude nha Tuy nhien vide tiep thu van hoa, van hgc phuang Tay da dat nhieu yeu cau cho cac tac gia van hgc Dd chinh la vide tiep thu nhu the nao cho cd hieu qua Y thiic GVHD: Le Ngoc Thuy 61 SVTH: Nguyen Thj Thu Thuy Tic Paul va Virginie cua Bernardin De Saint Pierre den Song thdc vdi tinh cua Ho Bieu Chdnh va vai trd ciia ngudi sang tac la vd cung quan trgng, hg cd the lam phong phii cho van hoa dan tdc, nhung hg cung cd the lam mai mdt van hoa dan tdc Hd Bieu Chanh da dem lai nhung cdng cac tac pham phdng tac cua minh Dieu da cho thay y thiic Idn ve sir tiep thu van hoa, van hgc phuang Tay Didn hinh la tac pham phdng tac Song thdc vdi tinh, dng da dua each giai quyet van de ludn phu hgp vdi dao diic ciia dan tdc Viet Nam bat ky mdt giai doan hay mdt thai ky nao, vide tiep thu van hoa cung ddi hdi phai cd chgn lgc Vi the chiing ta phai cd thiic, tiep thu van hoa nhat la thai ky dat nude md ciia hdi hap quoc te Ben canh vide tiep thu, chiing ta phai biet giir gin phathuy nhirng gia tri van hoa tot dep ciia dan tdc GVHD: Le Ngoc Thuy 62 SVTH: Nguyen Thj Thu Thuy Tic Paul va Virginie cua Bernardin De Saint Pierre din Song thdc vdi tinh cua Ho Bieu Chdnh TAI LIEU THAM KHAO Nguyen Kim Anh ( chii bien) (2008) Tiiu thuyit Nam bd cuoi thi ky XIX ddu thikyXX NXB Dai hgc Qudc gia Thanh Ho Chi Minh Nguyen Van Dan (2000) Li ludn van hoc so sdnh NXB Dai hoc Quoc gia Ha Ndi Dang Anh Dao (1997) Van hoc Phdp va su gap go vdi van hoc Viet Nam 1930-1945 Tap chi van hgc sd Phan Quang Dinh dich, Xavier Darcos (1997) Lich sic van hoc Phdp NXB Van hoa thdng tin Le BaHan (1992) Tie diin thudt ngit van hoc NXB Giao due Dd Diic Hieu djch (2007) Paul vd Virginie ciia Bernadin de Saint Pierre NXB Thanh Nien Nguyen Khud (1998) Chdn dung Ho Biiu Chdnh NXB Thanh Ho Chi Minh Phuang Luu ( chii bien) (1997) Li ludn van hoc NXB Giao due Phuang Luu (2000) Tie van hoc so sdnh din thi hocso sdnh NXB Van hoc 10 Hoang Nhan ( chii bien) (1997) Van hoc Phdp, tap NXB Tre Thanh phd Ho Chi Minh 11 Hoang Nhan (1998) Phdc thdo quan hi van hoc Phdp vdi van hoc Viet Nam hien dgi NXB Mui Ca Mau 12 Huynh Thi Lan Phuang (2000) Giao trinh van hoc Viet Nam hien dgi Dai hgc Can Tha 13 Tran Thj Phuang Phuang (2011) Ngudi thdt chi cua Ho Biiu Chdnh- mpt hien tuongphdng tdc, nhin tic quan diim logi hinh lich sic Tap chi van hgc so 14 Le Nggc Thuy (2006) Giao trinh lich sic van hoc phuang Tdy II Dai hgc Can Tha 15 Bui Diic Tjnh (2002) Nhitng budc ddu cua bdo chi, truyin ngan, tiiu thuyit vd tha mdi NXB Thanh Ho Chi Minh 16 Hd Hiru Tudng (1967) Nhap mong vd tinh mong Van sd 80, tudng niem Hd Bieu Chanh, Sai Gdn 17 Le Tri Vien (1998) Quy ludt phdt triin lich sic van hoc Viet Nam NXB Giao due 001 HOC WmtiiHr Tnjjn GVHD: Le Ngoc Thuy j « oJV THI/VIEN —*VTH: Nguyen Thj Thu Thuy