Đầu tư phát triển tại tổng công ty hàng không việt nam giai đoạn 2005 2025

j TRUONG DAI HOC KINH TE QUOC DAN _ DAI HOC K.T.Q.D TT THONG TIN THU’VIEN PHONG Ll'ANAN-TVUEl NGUYEN THI MINH TAM DAU TU' PHAT TRIEN TAI TONG CONG TY HANG KHONG VIET NAM GIAI DOAN 2005-2025 • • CHUYEN NGANH : KINH TE DAU TlX LUAN VAN THAC SY KINH TE • • NGUO'I HUONG DAN KHOA HOC TS Dinh Tien Dung HA NQI, 2013 LCH CAM DOAN Toi xin cam doan day la cong trinh nghien cuu khoa hoc doc lap cua toi Cac so lieu, tir lieu duoc neu va trich dan luan van deu co nguon goc ro rang va trung thuc Neu sai toi xin chiu hoan toan trach nhiem Nguyen Thi Minh Tam MUC LUC • • Danh muc tu* viet tat Danh muc so1 do, bang bieu Tom tat luan van CHLONG 1: TONG QUAN TINH HINH NGHIEN CUU DE TAI 1.1 Ly lira chon de tai 1.2 Muc dich nghien cuu 1.3 Pham vi va doi tupng nghien cuu 1.4 Phuong phap nghien cuu 1.5 Tong quan ve tinh hinh nghien cuu 1.6 Cau hoi nghien cuu cua luan van 1.7 Nhung dong gop cua luan van 1.8 Ket cau cua luan van CHUONG 2: MOT SO VAN DE LY LUAN VE DAU TtT PHAT TRIEN TAI • CAC DOANH NGHIEP • HANG KHONG A •> 2.1 Khai niem dau tur phat trien doanh nghiep 2.2 Dac diem dau tu* phat trien cua cac doanh nghiep hang khong 2.3 Noi dung dau tu phat trien doanh nghiep hang khong 2.3.1 Dau tu xay dung co ban (Dau tu vao tai san co dinh) 2.3.2 Dau tu nghien cuu trien khai khoa hoc va cong nghe 2.3.3 Dau tu phat trien nguon nhan luc 2.3.4 Dau tu vao tai san vo hinh 2.4 Ket qua va hieu qua dau tu- phat trien doanh nghiep hang khong 2.4.1 Cac chi tieu danh gia ket qua dau tu phat trien 2.4.2 Cac chi tieu danh gia hieu qua dau tu phat trien 2.5 Cac nhan to tac dong den dau tir phat trien doanh nghiep hang khong 2.5.1 Cac nhan to khach quan 2.5.2 Cac nhan to chu quan CHUONG 3: THUC TRANG HOAT DONG DAU TU* PHAT TRIEN CUA TONG CONG TY HANG KHONG VIET NAM GIAI DOAN 2005-2012.26 3.1 Tong quan ve Tong cong ty Hang khong Viet Nam 26 3.1.1 Qua trinh hinh va phat trien 26 3.1.2 Co cau to chuc quan ly cua Tong cong ty Hang khong Viet Nam 27 3.2 Danh gia hien trang nang lire san xuat kinh doanh cua Tong cong ty Hang khong Viet Nam giai doan truo'c nam 2005 va dinh huong dau tu giai doan tiep theo 28 3.3 Thue trang hoat dong dau tir phat trien cua Tong cong ty Hang khong Viet Nam giai doan 2005-2012 30 3.3.1 Quy trinh thuc hien hoat dong dau tu phat trien cua Tong cong ty Hang khong Viet Nam 30 3.3.2 Von va co cau nguon von dau tu phat trien cua Tong cong ty HKVN 33 3.3.3 Phan tich noi dung dau tu phat trien cua Tong cong ty Hang khong Viet Nam giai doan 2005-2012 41 3.4 Danh gia thuc trang dau tu phat trien cua Tong cong ty Hang khong Viet Nam 62 3.4.1 Ket qua va hieu qua hoat dong dau tu phat trien cua Tong cong ty Hang khong Viet Nam 62 3.4.2 Danh gia tac dong cua dau tu phat trien den hoat dong san xuat kinh doanh cua Tong cong ty HKVN giai doan vtra qua 76 3.4.3 Danh gia chung ve tinh hinh dau tu phat trien tai Tong cong ty Hang khong Viet Nam giai doan 2005-2012 78 CHUONG 4: MOT SO GIAI PHAP DAY MANH DAU TU PHAT TRIEN TAI • TONG CONG TY HANG KHONG VIET • NAM 87 4.1 Xu huong phat trien cua nganh hang khong va du bao thi truong van tai hang khong Viet Nam 87 4.1.1 Xu the tu hoa van tai hang khdng khu vuc chau A - Thai binh duong87 4.1.2 Dir bao thi truong van tai hang khong Viet Nam giai doan 2013-2025 89 4.2 Quan diem va muc tieu phat trien cua Tong cong ty Hang khong Viet Nam 96 4.2.1 Quan diem phat trien cua Tong cong ty Hang khong Viet Nam 96 4.2.2 Muc tieu phat trien cua Tong cong ty Hang khong Viet Nam 97 4.2.3 Nhu cau von dau tu phat trien cua Tong cong ty Hang khong Viet Nam giai doan 2013-2025 98 4.3 Mot so giai phap day manh dau tir phat trien tai Tong cong ty Hang khong Viet Nam giai doan 2013-2025 99 4.3.1 Giai phap tang cuong huy dong von cho hoat dong dau tu phat trien 99 4.3.2 Giai phap nang cao hieu qua su dung von 106 4.3.3 Giai phap nang cao hieu qua cong tac quan ly hoat dong dau tu phat trien 107 4.3.4 Giai phap day manh cac hoat dong dau tu phat trien cua Tong cong tyHang khong Viet Nam, dam bao dau tu dong bo 110 4.3.5 Dau tu phat trien thi phan van chuyen, tang nang luc canh tranh cua Tong cong ty Hang khong Viet Nam 118 4.4 Kien nghi 120 4.4.1 Kien nghi vdi Chinh phu 120 4.4.2 Kien nghi vdi Bo Giao thong van tai 121 KET LUAN 122 TAI LIEU THAM KHAO 123 DANH MUC • TtT VIET TAT APEC: Dien dan Hop tac kinh te Chau A - Thai Binh Duong ASEAN: Hiep hoi cac quoc gia Dong Nam A CLMV: TiSu vung g6m 04 nude Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Viet Nam IATA: Hiep hoi hang khong Quoc te HKVN: Hang khong Viet Nam OECD: To chuc hop tac va phat trien kinh te ODA: HO trp phat trien chinh thuc TDXK: Tin dung xuat khau TSCD: Tai san co dinh USD: Do la My VDT: Von dau tu VNA: Tong cong ty Hang khong Viet Nam WTO: To chuc thuong mai the gii DANH MUC SO DO, BANG BIEU Bang 3.1 Co cau von dau tu phat trien cua Tong cong ty HKVN 34 Bang 3.2 Von dau tu huy dong tu von chu so huu cua Tong cong ty HKVN 36 Bang 3.3 Quy mo von dau tu cua Tong cong ty HKVN theo noi dung dau tu 43 Bang 3.4 Co cau von dau tu phat trien cua Tong cong ty HKVN theo noi dung dau tu 45 Bang 3.5 Co cau nguon von dau tu may bay giai doan 2005-2012 49 Bang 3.6 Dau tu doi mod may moc thiet bi va cong nghe 52 Bang 3.7 Gia tri tai san co dinh huy dong cua Tong cong ty HKVN giai doan 2005-2012 65 Bang 3.8 Quy mo, co cau doi may bay khai thac va so huu cua Tong cong ty HKVN giai doan 2005-2012 67 Bang 3.9 Ket qua van chuyen hanh khach va hang hoa cua Tong cong ty giai doan 2005-2012 71 Bang 3.10 So sanh san luqng, doanh thu, tai san giua cac hang hang khong khu vuc 73 Bang 3.11 Tong hop cac chi tieu danh gia ket qua va hieu qua hoat dong dau tu phat trien cua Tong cong ty HKVN giai doan 2005-2012 75 Bang 3.12 Thi phan va he so su dung ghe cua Tong cong ty HKVN giai doan 2005-2012 76 Bang 4.1 Nhu cau von dau tu phat trien giai doan 2013-2025 cua Tong cong ty HKVN 98 Hinh 3.1 Co cau von dau tu phat trien cua Tong cong ty HKVN 35 Su 1.1 Co che tac dong tdi ket qua va hieu qua dau tu TRUONG DAI HOC KINH TE QUOC DAN NGUYEN THI MINH TAM DAU TU PHAT TRIEN TAI TONG CONG TY HANG KHONG VIET NAM GIAI DOAN 2005-2025 • • CHUYEN NGANH : KINH TE DAU TU TOM TAT LUAN VAN THAC SY HA NQI, 2013 Til ft i TOM TAT LUAN VAN Muc tieu cua Tong cong ty Hang khong Viet Nam la trd tap doan kinh te manh, lire lupng van tai chu lire, gitr vai tro chu dao giao thong hang khong Viet Nam, tro hang hang khong cd tarn cd tai khu vuc Dong Nam A De dat dirge muc tieu, VNA da va dang day manh hoat dong dau tu nham phat trien dpi tau bay, phat trien nguon nhan luc nang cao nang luc quan ly dieu hanh hoat dong, phat tridn thuong hieu, hinh anh Tuy nhien, ben canh nhung cong budc dau dat dupe, hoat dong dau tu phat trien cua Tdng cong ty Hang khong Viet Nam ton tai nhung han che can khac phuc de dat dupe muc tieu phat trien Vdi mong muon tim han che va nguyen nhan cua han che, dong then kien nghi mot so giai phap khac phuc nhung han che nham day manh hoat dong dau tu phat trien cua Tong cong ty Hang khong Viet Nam, tac gia da lua chon de tai “Dau tu phat trien tai Tong cong ty Hang khong Viet Nam giai doan 2005 - 2025” de nghien ctru Ve phan ly thuyet: Trude het, tac gia tim hieu nhung ly luan chung nhat ve dau tu phat trien doanh nghiep hang khong Dau tu phat trien doanh nghiep la hoat dong su dung von cung cac nguon luc khac hien tai nham tri sir hoat dong va lam tang them tai san mdi cho doanh nghiep, tao them viec lam, phat trien nguon nhan luc va nang cao ddi song cac vien don vi Doi vdi mot doanh nghiep hang khong, hoat dong dau tu phat trien cd nhung dac diem sau: - Quy mo tien von, vat tu, lao dong can thiet cho hoat dong dau tu phat trien thudng rat ldn: tai san dau tu mot doanh nghiep hang khong ngoai nha xudng, kho bai cd nhung tai san, thiet bi mang tinh cong nghe cao do hoat dong dau tu phat trien nganh ddi hoi mot lupng von dau tu Gia tri cua cac tai san dau tu cd the len tdi hang chuc, tram trieu dollar My - Thdi ky dau tu va thdi gian van hanh cac ket qua dau tu keo dai: Tu luc dat mua may bay, vat tu phu tiing, thiet bi dac chung vdi nha san xuat den luc nhan gian su dung cua cac cong trinh xay dung keo dai hang chuc nam, mot chiec may bay dupe su dung trung binh tu 15 nam den 20 nam, thdi gian su dung cua mot thiet bi dac chung keo dai tir 10 tdi 12 nam - Hoat dong dau tu cua doanh nghiep hang khong mang tinh rui ro cao dac biet rui ro ve ty gia thudng phai mua may moc, thiet bi d nude ngoai - Cac cong trinh xay dung ddi hoi mot khoang khong gian rong va phat huy tac dung d tai noi nd dupe tao dung nen - Cac doanh nghiep hang khong chu den dau tu nguon nhan lire de khai thac bay ii - La mot nganh dich vu yeu cau cao ve an toan, an ninh va chat luong nen cac doanh nghiep hang khong chu dau tu cho cong nghe, cac tai san co dinh khac nhu van phong, kho tang thuong chiem mot ty le von dau tu nhd Hoat dong dau tu phat trien doanh nghiep hang khong gom nhung noi dung: * Dau tu tai san co dinh cua cac doanh nghiep nganh hang khong gom mang chinh: - Ddu tu mua sam, doi moi may moc thiet bi va cong nghe - Ddu tu xay dung cac cong trinh, nha xuong, vat kien true Ngoai doanh nghiep hang khong cung phai dau tu may moc, thiet bi cho khoi van phong, khoi khai thac true tiep * Ddu tu nghien cuu, trien khai khoa hoc va cong nghe Doi vbi mot doanh nghiep hang khdng, day la hoat dong dau tu nghien cuu phat trien san pham moi, cai tien cong nghe va ky thuat, dau tu ung dung cong nghe moi, huong tdi viec tirng budc noi dia hoa mot so trang thiet bi phuc vu tren khong cung nhu cac trang thiet bi noi that cua may bay, chuyen giao cac cong nghe khai thac, bao du&ng, sua chua cac the he may bay hien dai doanh nghiep dang quan ly, su dung * Dau tu phat trien nguon nhan luc Hoat dong dau tu nguon nhan luc cua cac doanh nghiep hang khong bao: dau tu nang cao trinh quan ly cua can bo quan ly; dau tu dao tao lao dong dac thu nhu phi cong, tiep vien, tho ky thuat bao du&ng may bay * Dau tu vao cac tai san vo hinh Hoat dong dau tu vao cac tai san vo hinh cua mot doanh nghiep hang khong thuong tap trung vao hoat dong marketing, xue tien thuong mai, quang ba hinh anh cua minh khoi pham vi lanh tho quoc gia Tir nhung phan tich ve dac diem, noi dung hoat dong dau tu phat trien doanh nghiep hang khong neu tren, tac gia da nghien cuu, dua cac chi tieu danh gia ket qua va hieu qua dau tu: * Cac chi tieu danh gia ket qua cu the sur dung de phan tich tirng noi dung dau tu phat trien cua doanh nghiep hang khong: a Doi voi hoat dong ddu tu tai san c& dinh: - Nguon von tai trp cho cac du an - Tong von dau tu thuc hien ky va ty le von thuc hien so voi von dau tu da dupe duyet - Cac du an da trien khai va danh gia tien cac dir an so voi ke hoach 116 de tao dieu kien cho sinh vien ve thuc tap tai Tong cong ty va tiep nhan cac sinh vien co tich hoc tap tot trudng vao lam viec; - Tuyen truyen rong rai de xa hoi hoa cong tac dao tao mot so chuyen nganh dao tao dac thu co chi phi cao nhu: ngudi lai may bay, lao dong ky thuat may bay dd tao ngudn cung ung lao dong theo hudng Tdng cdng ty va gia dinh cung ddng gop kinh phi; - De nghi Chinh phu hd tro tin dung, cap vdn ODA cho cac chuong trinh dao tao vdi cac doi tuong: Ngudi lai may bay co ban, lao dong ky thuat may bay; Bo Giao due va Dao tao hd tro viec phan bo chi tieu nganh hoc vdi cac doi tuong sinh vien co hoc bong cua Chinh phu dao tao tai nude ngoai vdi cac chuyen nganh hang khong - Dam bao che tien luong, thu lao vdi ngudi lao dong: Tiep tuc thuc hien cai each tien luong nham dam bao on dinh va nang cao muc thu nhap cua ngudi lao dong,nham thu hut va tri dupe cac doi tuong lao dong co trinh cao, chuyen mon sau, lao dong dac thu, lao dong quan ly chuyen nganh va tien dan tdi muc tien luong tren thi trudng nude va trung binh khu vuc Trong giai doan hien nay, de dap ung doi may bay se nhan ve thdi gian tdi, Tdng cdng ty can tap trung dao tao doi ngu phi cdng, tiep vien de san sang sd luong cung nhu kha nang lam viec dua dpi may bay mdi vao khai thac Doi vdi dpi ngu lao dong khac nhu nhan vien van phong, nhan vien bo phan van chuyen hang hoa tai san bay, nhan vien ve sinh may bay khong nen tang ve quy md ma can dao tao nang cao tay nghe, kha nang lam viec dam bao tang nang suat lao dong va chat luong cdng viec 4.3.4.4 Dau tu phat trien khoa hoc cdng nghe Trong thdi gian tdi, vdi viec tiep nhan them nhieu may bay mdi hien dai, neu khong dau tu nang cao trinh khoa hoc cdng nghe cho nhan vien thi Tdng cdng ty Hang khong Viet Nam se phai chi phi rat ldn de thue chuyen gia va dich vu nude ngoai, nguy co ldn hon la hoan toan le thuoc vao nude ngoai, mat uu the canh tranh quoc te Xet tinh hinh thuc te nhung nam qua, viec dau tu phat trien khoa hoc 117 /V A r-J-l A A \ T r -4- A f A A ■ ' 1*0 cong nghe cua Tong cong ty chua cao Truoc day, bo phan chiu trach nhiem lien quan den linh vuc cUa TOng cOng ty chi la mot trung tam va hoat dong chU yeu la xu ly so lieu lien quan den viec quan ly doanh thu ban ve Nam 2009, TOng cOng r \ ty moi lap Ban COng nghe thOng tin voi so luong lao dong gan 30 can bo, chuyen vien Cac Ban chuyen mOn khac cUa TOng cOng ty khOng co ngudi chuyen trach ve cOng nghe cUa tung Ban Vi vay, giai doan toi, TOng cOng ty can tiep tuc dau tu phat trien khoa hoc cOng nghe va thuc hien theo huong sau: - Tuyen dung va dao tao them can bo, chuyen vien cho Ban COng nghe thOng tin, Ban chuyen trach ve cOng nghe cUa TOng cOng ty Dam bao doi ngu lao dong cUa Ban phai co trinh cu nhan, ky su tin hoc, cong nghe trd len Cac Ban chuyen mOn khac cUa TOng cOng ty deu co it nhat mot chuyen vien chuyen trach ve linh vuc cOng nghe thOng tin - Phai danh gia lai toan bo he thong cOng nghe thOng tin hien co, dau tu may moc, trang thiet bi mot cach dong bo de cac thiet bi co the tuong thich voi nhau, tranh lam gian doan - Quan tam den viec cap von cho cOng tac nghien cuu cac de tai, de an khoa hoc cap TOng cOng ty, cap Bo, nganh - Phat trien cOng nghe thOng tin theo huong di thang vao cOng nghe tien tien hien dai ngang tam khu vuc va the gioi; tiep thu chuyen giao cOng nghe cUa nuoc ngoai, dong thdi tang nang luc noi sinh de phat trien cOng nghe thOng tin Tich cuc phoi hop voi cac doi tac VNPT, HiPT tren co sd tu van cUa cac cOng ty cOng nghe va ngoai nuoc de tu thiet ke, ung dung cac chuong trinh, phan mem vao hoat dong cUa TOng cOng ty - Dau tu cho khoi ky thuat: Ban Ky Thuat, Ban Vat tu, Ban An toan chat luong va an ninh voi muc tieu mua may moc, thiet bi gan voi chuyen giao cOng nghe, tung buoc lam chU cOng nghe 118 A •? A 4.3.5 Dau tu’ phat trien thi phan van chuyen, tang nang luc canh tranh cua Tdng edng ty Hang Khong Viet Nam De phat trien thi phan van chuyen, ngoai viec tang cudng hoat dong marketing, tiep thi san pham den khach hang, Tong cong ty can co phuong an dau tu de phat trien thi phan van chuyen thong qua viec dau tu de md rong mang duong bay hien co Mang dudng bay cua Tong cong Ty can duoc xay dung tren co so bam sat quan diem va muc tieu phat trien, cu the: - Mang dudng bay cua Tong cong ty tiep tuc xay dung theo md hinh “True - Nan”, tap trung quy hoach noi chuyen qua san bay cua ngo tai Ho Chi Minh va Ha Noi, tham gia khai thac cac luong khach ldn khu vuc, canh tranh true tiep vdi cac trung tam trung chuyen ldn nhu Hongkong, Bangkok, Singapore, Kuala-Lumpur - Mang dudng bay quoc te cua Tdng cong ty quy hoach theo hudng noi Ha Noi va Ho Chi Minh vdi hau het cac cac ldn thuoc cac nude co quan he mat thiet ve ngoai giao, kinh te, chinh tri, van hoa, du lich vdi Viet Nam, noi cd ngudn khach ldn tdi Viet Nam De thuc hien duoc nhiem vu nay, Tdng cong ty can su ho tro, tao dieu kien cua Nha nude ve chinh sach van tai hang khong, uu tien cap thuong quyen bay cho Tdng cong ty tren cac dudng bay quoc te quan trong, nhat quan ve mat quan diem va chinh sach giua cac co quan quan ly Nha nude co lien quan - Mang dudng bay noi dia cua Tdng cong ty duoc quy hoach phu hop vdi quy hoach giao thong van tai va du lich chung cua ca nude, dam bao ho tro tich cue cho mang dudng bay quoc te va ho tro phat trien kinh te cac dia phuong - Xac dinh mang cac dudng bay noi dia va tieu vung CLMV la mang dudng bay cd y nghia chien luoc song cdn doi vdi Tdng cong ty; ddng thdi mang y nghia chinh tri to ldn, ddng vai tro quan trong phuc vu phat trien nen kinh te quoc dan Tiep tuc md rong, cung cd, tang cudng va nang cao hieu qua khai thac cac dudng bay noi dia diem cua Tdng cong ty, cung ung san pham hang khong 119 thuan lai va phu hgp vai nhu cau di lai cung nhu kha nang toan cua ngudi dan Trong mang dudng bay Tieu vung CLMV, Tong cong ty can tiep tuc gitr vung va phat trien vi the kiem soat de canh tranh hieu qua vdi cac cua ngo khu vuc (Bangkok, Kuala Lumpur ), ho trg cac dudng bay dai thdng qua viec tang tan suat bay va su dung tau bay ldn han Tdng cdng ty can tiep tuc xuc tien viec gop vdn lap cac hang hang khong lien doanh tai Lao, Myanmar va phoi hgp vdi cac hang hang khong lien doanh, vdn cd chung muc tieu phat trien thi trudng, chiem linh thi trudng noi vung CLMV va vuon thi trudng quoc te khu vuc - Xac dinh mang dudng bay quoc te khu vuc Ddng Nam A, Nam A, Ddng Bac A, Nam Thai Binh Duong la mang dudng bay hoat dong chinh, dem lai lgi nhuan chu yeu hoat dong van tai hang khong cua Tdng cdng ty Tren mang dudng bay Ddng Bac A, tiep tuc cung cd va phat trien cac dudng bay hien cd bang viec tang tan suat bay, su dung cac loai tau bay 280 - 300 ghe, nang cao nang luc canh tranh va hieu qua khai thac Md them cac dudng bay mdi tdi cac diem khac cua Nhat Ban, Han Quoc, Trung Quoc, xem xet md dudng bay giua Da Nang va cac diem cua Ddng Bac A - Mang dudng bay tam xa xuyen luc dia la cac dudng bay cd y nghia chien luge lau dai, dugc nghien cuu phat trien than trgng va cd chon lgc tren co sd bao dam hieu qua khai thac chung toan mang cua Tdng cdng ty; ddng thdi lam nhiem vu cau noi giao luu kinh te - chinh tri - xa hoi vdi cac thi trudng diem cua quoc AT A a e gia Trong thdi gian tdi, Tdng cdng ty can tiep tuc chuan bi cac dieu kien thi trudng can thiet md dudng bay xuyen Thai Binh Duong tdi bd Tay Bac My, md rong mang bay tdi Chau Au vdi nhung dudng bay mdi tdi Cong hoa Sec, Ha Lan, Bac Au, chau Phi Viec phat trien mang dudng bay se dugc thuc hien dieu kien dam bao cac muc tieu kinh doanh ve thi phan, doanh thu cung nhu cac chi tieu chinh khac 120 - Tiep tuc day manh hgp tac vdi cac hang hang khong, dac biet la cac ddi tac cung Lien minh SkyTeam, tranh thu mang bay cua ddi tac ho trg phat trien mang bay cua Tdng cdng ty va lap lo hong mang bay han che ve dia ly 4.4 Kien nghi: 4.4.1 Kien nghi voi Chinh phu: - Ve viec bao lanh cho hoat dong dau tu doi may bay, Chinh phu can tao dieu kien thuan lgi cho hoat dong cua Tdng cdng ty dau tu may bay doi hoi vdn ldn quy md vdn cua Tdng cdng ty lai rat nhd Theo Luat quan ly ng cdng sd 29/2009/QH12 cd hieu luc tir 01/01/2010, de dugc cap bao lanh cua Chinh phu, doanh nghiep thuc hien cac du an dau tu phai hgp ddng mua tau bay A350 va B787 da dugc Tdng cdng ty xay dung va ky hgp ddng tir nam 2007 (trudc Luat quan ly ng cdng ddi) va ve chu truong Thu tuong Chinh phu da ddng y bao lanh cho cac khoan vay mua tau bay cua Tdng cdng ty tai van ban sd 1567/TTg-CN 22/09/2008 ve phe duyet ke hoach phat trien doi may bay den nam 2015 va 2020 cua Tdng cdng ty Do Thu tudng Chinh phu can xem xet giao Bo Tai chinh bao lanh vay vdn cho cac du an mua tau bay B787 va A350 cua Tdng cdng ty ke ca trudng hgp vdn ddi ung cua Tdng cdng ty nhd hon 20% Ngoai ra, theo qui dinh tai Dieu 13 cua Nghi dinh sd 15/2011/ND-CP 16/2/2011 ve cap va quan ly bao lanh chinh phu, “tai san hinh tir vdn vay dugc chinh phu bao lanh dung lam tai san the chap bao dam thuc hien cac nghia vu cua ngudi vay vdi Bo Tai chinh” Tuy nhien, theo kinh nghiem huy dong vdn vay tin dung xuat khau va vdn vay thuong mai nude ngoai ma Tdng cdng ty da thuc hien tir 1997 den nay, yeu cau bao dam cua khoan vay bao gom ca noi dung the chap may bay va bao lanh cua Bo Tai chinh la dieu kien tien quyet ma cac td chuc tin dung xuat khau dua Do vay, Tdng cdng ty kien nghi Thu tudng Chinh phu cho phep Bo Tai chinh bao lanh ke ca trudng hgp may bay khdng dugc the chap cho Bo Tai chinh 121 - Ban va cho thue lai la cau true tai chinh da dugc nhieu Hang hang khong van dung, dac biet la doi voi cac Hang co tiem luc ve von khong ldn va co kho khan ve ddng tien Thuc hien cau true ban va cho thue lai, Tdng cong ty se ban cho doi tac may bay mdi 100% tai thdi diem giao va thue lai chinh may bay tir doi tac de thuc hien khai thac Khi viec huy dong vdn mua tau bay cua Tdng cong ty gap kho khan, Tong cong ty cd the se can ap dung cau true cho cac may bay da ky hop ddng dat mua Hien d Viet Nam van chua cd van ban phap ly nao quy dinh cu thd ve quy trinh thuc hien hinh thuc nen Tdng cong ty de nghi Thu tudng Chinh phu phe duyet ve chu truong cho phep Tdng cong ty ap dung hinh thuc Ban va thue lai (Sale and Lease back) doi vdi mot sd tau bay khong thu xep du tin dung vay vdn hoac nham tri ty le Ng/Von chu sd huu khong qua lan 4.4.2 Kien nghi voi Bo Giao thdng Van tdi: - Hien co sd tang mot sd san bay d Viet nam han che ve san do, dien tich nha ga, dudng cat canh, trang thiet bi lam anh hudng tdi viec nang cao chat luong phuc vu hanh khach va nang cao hieu qua khai thac may bay De nghi Bo Giao thdng Van tai thuc day dau tu co sd tang, cac san bay Viet Nam de dap ung yeu cau phat trien thi trudng van tai hang khong den nam 2020 va tam nhin 2030 - Ngudi lai va tho ky thuat may bay cua Tdng cong ty hang khong la nhung lao dong dac thu hang khong, can trinh chuyen mon cao, trach nhiem dam bao an toan ldn va can cd bang quoc te mdi nhan duoc chuyen giao cong nghe de khai thac cac loai may bay hien dai, cung ung dich vu ky thuat khong nhung cho Viet Nam ma cho ca cac hang hang khong nude ngoai Do vay, de nghi Bo chu quan - Bo Giao thdng van tai xem xet ap dung cac chinh sach dai ngo ve tien luong thoa dang de khuyen khich, thu hut, phat trien doi ngu ngudi lai va tho ky thuat 122 KET LUAN • Van tai hang khong la mot nganh kinh te ky thuat quan trong, co vai trd cang lon nen kinh te quoc dan Khong chi phuc vu luu thdng hanh khach, hang hoa vdi tu each la mot phuong tien van tai cdng cong giua cac dia phuong nude va quoc te, Hang khong Viet Nam phuc vu quoc phong, an ninh va cac nhiem vu chinh tri khac Dang va Nha nude giao Sau thdi gian dai cdng tac tai Tdng cdng ty Hang khong Viet Nam, cung nhu tim hidu hoat dau tu phat trien tai Tdng cdng ty, tac gia da lua chon de tai “Dau tu phat trien tai Tdng cdng ty Hang khong Viet Nam giai doan 2005-2025” vdi viec ket hop vdi ly luan va thuc tien cua hoat dong dau tu phat trien tai doanh nghiep Luan van hoan da ddng gop mot phan lam sang td co sd ly luan cung nhu thuc tien hoat dong dau tu phat trien tai Tdng cdng ty Hang khong Viet Nam, cu the nhu sau: - Lam rd van de ly luan ve dau tu phat trien tai cac doanh nghiep hang khong cung nhu he thdng hoa cac chi tieu danh gia ket qua va hieu qua dau tu phat trien tai cac doanh nghiep van tai hang khong ; - Danh gia thuc trang cdng tac dau tu phat trien cua Tdng cdng ty HKVN giai doan 2005-2012, luan van da cho chung ta thay duoc mot cai nhin tdng quan nhat hoat dong dau tu phat trien cua Tdng cdng ty nhung nam qua, danh gia ket qua, hieu qua cua hoat dong dau tu, tir xac dinh duoc nhung han che va cac nguyen nhan cua nhung han che nay; - Tren co sd muc tieu phat trien cua Tdng cdng ty giai doan 2013-2025, Luan van da dua nhung giai phap nham day manh dau tu phat trien tai Tdng cdng ty HKVN thdi gian tdi, gop phan dua Tdng cdng ty HKVN trd mot hang hang khong manh khu vuc cung nhu tren the gidi Do kien thuc, va kinh nghiem thuc te cua tac gia nhieu han che, va ban than tac gia da cd gang thuc hien cac muc tieu de nhung cung khong the tranh duoc sai sot Do vay, tac gia rat mong nhan duoc su ddng gop cua thay cd va nhung ngudi cd lien quan linh vuc de luan van duoc hoan thien hon TAI LIEU THAM KHAO Bo Giao thong van tai (2011), Bao cao tdng ket cdng tac khoa hoc cdng nghe nganh giao thong van tdi giai doan 2005-2010 va phuang hudng hoat dong den nam 2015 ThS Dang Thi Thuy Duyen (2013), Ve dau tu va phat trien thuang hieu cua doanh nghiep qua trinh hoi nhap, Tap chi Kinh te va Dir bao so thang 6/2013, trang Ngan Ha (2013), Van tdi hang khdng Viet Nam cd bay cao?, Tap chi Doanh nhan Sai Gon so thang 5/2013, trang TS.Nguyen Huu Lam (2010), Phat trien nhan luc doanh nghiep tai Viet Nam Nguyen Bach Nguyet (2010), Giao trinh lap du an dau tu, Nha xuat ban Dai hoc Kinh te Quoc Dan r ' a Pham Van Hung, Tu Quang Phuang (2012), Giao trinh Kinh te dau tu, Nha xuat ban Dai hoc kinh te quoc dan Quoc hoi nuoc Cong hoa xa hoi chu nghia Viet Nam, Luat Hang khdng dan dung Viet Nam sd 66/2006/QH11, Nha xuat ban chinh tri quoc gia, Ha Noi r Tong cong ty Hang khong Viet Nam, Bao cao tinh hinh thuc hien ke hoach dau a tu cac nam tu 2005-2012 Tong cong ty Hang khong Viet Nam, Bao cao tdi chinh da kiem toan cac nam tu 2005-2012 10 Tong cong ty Hang khong Viet Nam, Quy che quan ly hoat dong sd huu tri tue 11 Tong cong ty Hang khong Viet Nam, Quy che quan ly dau tu 12 To Dinh Dung (2008), Nghien cuu cac dinh hudng cdng nghe chinh tac dong ldn den cac hang van tdi hang khdng dan dung giai doan 2006-2010 13 TS.Tran Quang Chau (2011), Nghien cuu cac gidi phap cdng nghe nang cao nang luc bao dudng sua chua may bay cua hang khdng Viet Nam 14 Vu Duy Hao, Dam Van Hue, Nguyen Quang Ninh (1997), Quan tri tai chinh doanh nghiep, Nha xuat ban thong ke Ha Noi YEU CAU CUA HQI DONG CHAM LUAN VAN THAC SI VE Nhung diem can sua chua bo sung trudc nop luan van chinh thuc cho Vien dao tao SDH T" — f' ' x> ° ,/ ifUttj •Ciw&kyJ Xucut .W1 £zi2< Zu;^ 3'L/.L / Ziu cZu? ^l^ ™Z^ /u¥7 ~ iUZu, f/ix m Cz/U :l£az>H .Wjj tAz/£ Chu tich Hoi dong (Ky va ghi ro ho ten) Cam ket cua Hoc vien7 TS Nguyen Hong Minh Hoc vien (Ky va ghi rd ho ten) Neu hpc vien c6 trAch nhi?m chinh sua theo yeu cau cua Hpi dong chSm luan vSn Trong trudng hgp khong chinh sua sS khong dugc cong nhan kSt qua bao v? Hpc vien phai dong ban yeu c&u chinh sua nty vao trudc phan muc lyc luan vSn chinh thuc npp cho Vien DT SDH CONG HOA XA HOI CHU NGHIA VIET NAM DOC LAP - TU DO - HANH PHUC Y KIEN PHAN BIEN LUAN VAN THAC SI KINH TE Ngudi phan bien: PGS.TS Pham Van Hung Cong tac tai: Trudng Bai hoc Kinh te Quoc dan, Ha Noi Phan bien luan van thac si vdi de tai: Dau tu phat trien tai Tdng cdng ty hang khong Viet Nam giai doan 2005-2025 Cua hoc vien: Nguyen Thi Minh Tam Chuyen nganh: Kinh te Dau Tu Sau doc toan van noi dung va xem xet hinh thuc cua luan van, toi co mot sd' nhan xet nhu sau: 1, Ve tinh cap thiet va y nghla cua de tai: Be tai cung hoan toan phu hup vdi chuyen nganh dao tao cua tac gia - chuyen nganh Kinh t£ Bau Tu Be tai co y nghia thuc tien cao 2, Ve ket cau cua luan van: Bao gdm ca phan md dau, ket luan, tom tat luan van dai 122 trang theo tieu chuan va duoc chia lam chuong TOi cho rang ket cau dam bao tinh hop ly va phu hop vdi yeu cau cua de tai Cac nOi dung trinh bay logic Tinh gau ket giua cac phan, muc the hien ro net 3, Ve muc tieu, doi tuong, pham vi va phuong phap nghien cdu: Muc tieu cua luan van ve co ban la hop ly, thiet thuc Boi tuong va pham vi nghien cuu cua luan van duoc xac dinh ro rang va phu hop vdi yeu cau cua luan van thac si kinh te Tac gia da su dung nhung phuong phap nghien cuu phu hop Cac thong tin, so lieu co nguon goc ro rang va dam bao tin cay 4, Cac ket qua nghien cuu da dat duoc: Ve noi dung, tac gia da dat duoc mot so cdng chu yeu nhu sau: Thu nhat, Tac gia da budc dau phan tich va lam ro duoc cu sd ly luan ve dau tu phat trien cac doanh nghiep hang khong Tac gia da phan tich va lam ro duoc dac diem va noi dung cua dau tu phat trien doanh nghiep hang khong Cac chi tieu danh gia ket qua va hieu qua dau tu, cac r r \ •> nhan to anh hudng den dau tu phat trien doanh nghiep hang khdng da duoc tac gia budc dau lam ro Thu hai, tac gia da phan tich kha sau sac thuc trang dau tu phat trien tai Tong cdng ty hang khdng Viet Nam vdi thong tin, so lieu kha phong phu va duoc su ly thoa dang theo yeu cau cua de tai Budc dau, tac gia da van dung duoc kien thuc ly luan de phan tich va danh gia thuc tien Ket qua nghien cuu the hien su co gang cua tac gia Thu ba, tac gia da dua duoc cac giai phap nham day manh hoat dong dau tu phat trien tai Tong cdng ty hang khdng Viet Nam Cac giai phap dua hop logic phan tich va the hien nhung dong gop cua tac gia ve mat thuc tien 5, Mot so gop y, trao doi voi tac gia: Nhin chung, luan van da dap ung duoc yeu cau cua de tai Tuy nhien, chung tdi cho rang van mot vai diem can chu y hon: + Noi dung hoat dong dau tu phat trien tai doanh nghiep hang khdng van kha dan trai, chua the hien duoc dac thu cua loai hinh dau tu nay Vi vay, giai phap dot pha van chua duoc dua + Can chi ro hon khoang nghien cuu Cau hoi nghien cuu can ro rang va cu the hon Tac gia da tra loi cau hoi nghien cuu den dau ? + Muc 3.4 can sap xep lai de tranh trung lap va hop ly hon + can thong nhat cach trinh bay giua cac phan, ddi cho vdn co nhung loi ky thuat 6, Danh gia chung: Tac gia da Ilia chon de tai cd y nghia thuc tidn cao, da xac dinh dung muc tieu, doi tuong va pham vi nghien cutu, cac phuong phap nghien curu la phu hop vdi muc tieu de tai Bai viet da dap ling duoc cac yeu cdu noi dung va hinh thuc cua mdt luan van cao hoc Ket qua nghien cuu the hien sir co gdng cua tac gia Hd Noi, 04 thdng 12 nam 2013 Ngirdri nhan xet PGS.TS Pham Van Hung Y KIEN PHAN BIEN LUAN VAN THAC SY KINH TE Tac gia Luan van: Nguyen Thi Minh Tam, MSHV: CH200294 doan 2005 - 2025 Chuyen nganh: Kinh te dau tu' Phan bien 2: Le Tuyen Cu Noi cdng tac: Bo Ke hoach vd Dau tw Sau doc Luan van “Dau tu phat trien tai Tong cong ty Hang khong Viet Nam giai doan 2005 - 2025”, toi xin co y kien nhu sau: Ve de tai Luan vdn A De thuc hien muc tieu tro hang hang khong co tam co khu vuc ASEAN, Tong cong ty Hang khong Viet Nam (VNA) dang no luc dau tu phat trien tren moi phuong dien Tuy nhien, ben canh nhung cong budc dau, hoat dong dau tu phat trien cua VNA phai dupe hoan thien khong ngung Vdi mong muon tim nhung bat cap va nguyen nhan cua chung, ddng thdi kien nghi nhung giai phap khac phuc nham day manh hoat dong dau tu phat trien cua VNA, tac gia Luan van da chon de tai “Dau tu phat trien tai Tdng cdng ty Hang khong Viet Nam giai doan 2005 - 2025” de nghien cuu A A r a A a a Dat boi canh do, tdi cho rang de tai Luan van cd the dupe xem la can thiet Ddng thdi, de tai cung phu hop vdi chuyen nganh dao tao A AAA Ve muc tieu, doi tuong, pham vi va phuang phap nghien cuu Luan van da dat nhung muc tieu, doi tuong va pham vi nghien cuu tuong doi phu hop Cach tiep can chung qua trinh nghien cuu de tai la each tiep can he thdng vdi cac phuong phap nghien cuu truyen thdng (thdng ke, tdng hop tinh hinh, sd lieu; so sanh, phan tich va du bao ) la phu hop vdi tinh chat cua de tai va dap ung yeu cau nghien cuu khoa hoc doi vdi mot luan van khoa hoc kinh te A A A A A AAA Ve hinh thuc va ket cau Luan van Luan van cd dan y tuong doi hop ly, dupe trinh bay vdi mot ket cau co the coi la phu hop vdi de tai nghien cuu Van phong trinh bay mach lac va tu ngu su dung thich hop, it mac loi ky thuat Ve noi dung va nhung ket qua cua Luan van Voi dung luong 122 trang A4, noi dung chinh cua Luan van duoc chia chuong r A Nhin chung, Luan van co ban dap ung cac yeu cau dat doi voi mot Luan van thac sy, co cac cong chinh sau day: a/ Chuong Luan van, voi dung luong 20 trang, da he thong hoa duoc mot so van de ly luan co ban co lien quan den hoat dong dau tu phat trien cac doanh nghiep nganh hang khong, cu the la: dac diem; noi dung; cac chi tieu danh gia ket qua, hieu qua; cac nhan to tac dong den hoat dong dau tu phat trien cac doanh nghiep nganh hang khong Day chinh la can cu ly luan cho phan phan tich thuc trang va de xuat giai phap o cac chuong sau r r y r A •> > O tam muc cua mot Luan van Thac sy, noi dung phan duoc cho la dap ung yeu cau dat b/ Tai chuong Luan van, voi dung luong 61 trang, tac gia da khai quat duoc thuc trang, danh gia hoat dong dau tu phat trien cua VNA giai doan 2005 - 2012; di sau phan tich bat cap cua hoat dong nay, dong thdi dua duoc nhung luan giai ve cac nguyen nhan chu quan va khach quan cua cac han che r y Voi so lieu phong phu, cap nhat, nhung phan tich, luan giai co the duoc coi la xac dang va phan anh kha dung thuc tien c/ Tren co so nhung khai quat ve ly luan, phan tich thuc trang, chuong Luan van (dung luong 36 trang) da neu duoc quan diem, muc tieu phat trien cua VNA va de xuat duoc 05 nhom giai phap day manh dau tu phat trien tai VNA giai doan 2013 - 2025 va 02 nhom kien nghi voi cac co quan Trung uong y r \ , Co the cho rang day la mot he thong giai phap kha dong bo va kha thi r yr i Cac kien nghi voi Trung uong co the duoc xem la nhung de xuat kha thuc te va dang duoc co quan co tham quyen xem xet, tham khao Mot so trao doi them Toi cho rang, Luan van se duoc danh gia cao hon nua neu tac gia Luan van chu y them den mot so van de sau: v r r /\ r a a r /s r /v y /s a) Can khac phhc tinh trang lan loncacldiai niem khac dan den su r a a dien giai khong chinh xac, vi du: "dau tu vao tai san co dinh" va "dau tu xay dung co' ban" (muc 2.3.1); "quy trinh thuc hien dau tu" va "quy trinh quan ly r dau tu" (muc 3.3.1); "quy trinh thuc hien dau thau" va "quy trinh quan ly dau > AX thau (muc 3.3.1.3) tach bach cac de muc khong hop ly (tach muc 4.3.4 va muc 4.3.5) b) Khi danh gia chung ve tinh hinh dau tu phat trien tai mot don vi nen thi cung nen noi ro va giai thich ly (muc 3.4.3) c) Can tranh nhung loi ky thuat khong dang co, vi du: de "budc 5" x r tu-" tai trang 32); nhin nhan "ngudn vdn tai tro cho cac du an" la mot chi tieu A Z 7 danh gia ket qua hoat dong dau tu phat trien (trang 13); de sai vi tri han mot ' ' r ■ doan gom ddng, tir dong thu 16 den dong thu 19 tinh tir tren xuong tai trang 84 (doan dang phai de d muc e chu khong phai d muc d); noi ve sd luong may bay VNA sd huu giai doan 2005 - 2012 tang len, d trang 68 thi noi la lan, d trang 77 lai noi la lan r d) Khi sir dung mot sd tir ngu chuyen mon khong thdng dung (thue kho, ghe suat ) tac gia nen co chu thich ro Nhung vdn de noi tren nen ducrc tac gid tiep thu, chinh sua lai Luan vdn trudc nop de luu trie Danh gid chung Luan van la mot cong trinh nghien cuu doc lap, khong trung lap vdi cac cong trinh ma chung tdi dupe biet va co ban dap ung cac yeu cau ve noi dung va hinh thuc cua mot Luan van Thac sy kinh te Z A A Luan van hoi du cac dieu kien de dupe bao ve tai Hoi ddng cham luan van thac sy Ha noi, 01 thdng 12 nam 2013 Ngirdi phan bien TS Le tuyen Cu