Phát triển sản phẩm dịch vụ mới ở ngân hàng nông nghiệp và phát triển nông thôn việt nam đến năm 2015

TRUONG DAI HOC KINH TE QUOC DAN ■ ■ - 50)50>£3(88G8 BUI THI THUY DUONG * DAI HOC KTQD TT THONG TIN THU VIEN PHpNG LUAN AN - TV LIEU PHAT TRIEN SAN PHAM DICH VU MOI NGAN HANG NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON VIET NAM DEN NAM 2015 ■ ■ CHUYfiN NGANH: QUAN TRI KINH DOANH THUONG MAI LUAN VAN THAC SY QUAN TRI KINH DOANH 53TTNgu'd'i hu'o'ng dan khoa hoc: ts trAn vAn bAo HA MOI, NAM 2011 LOI CAM DOAN Toi xin cam doan day la cong trinh nghien cum khoa hoc doc lap cua toi Cac thong tin, so lieu luan van la trung thirc va co nguon goc ro rang, cu the Ket qua nghien cuu luan van la dung dan, trung thuc va chira tung co cong bo bat ky cong trinh nghien cum nao khac HaNoi,ngay thang nam2011 Hoc vien Bui Thi Thuy Duong LOI CAM ON Toi xin guri loi cam on tran nhat toi TS Tran Van Bao cung cac giang vien khoa Thuong mai va Kinh te Quoc te, Dai hoc Kinh te Quoc Dan da tan tinh chi bao, hu’bng dan giup toi hoan de tai Luan van Thac sy Qua day, toi cung xin chan cam on tap the can bo tai Phong Nghien cuu Phat trien Dich vu, NHNo& PTNTVN, noi toi dang cong tac, da nhiet tinh cung cap cac so lieu sat thuc, tao dieu kien thuan loi cho toi qua trinh nghien curu va phan tich De tai Toi xin chan cam on! Hoc vien Bui Thi Thiiy Duong MUC LUC • • LOI CAM DOAN LOI CAM ON BANG KY HIEU CAC TU VIET TAT DANH MUC BANG, BIEU, SO DO TOM TAT LUAN VAN LOI MO DAU I CHUONG I: CO SO LY LUAN CHUNG VE PHAT TRIEN SAN PHAM DICH VU MOI TAI NGAN HANG 1.1 1.1.1 San pham Dich vu Ngan hang Khai niem va dac diem San pliam Dich vu Ngan hang 1.1.1.1 Khai niem San pham Dich vu Ngan hang: 1.1.1.2 Dae diem San pham Dich vu Ngan hang: 1.1.2 Phan loqi San pham Dich vu Ngan hang: 1.1.2.1 Cac dich vu truyen thong cua Ngan hang 1.1.2.2 San pham Dich vu Ngan hang hien dai: 1.2 Phat trien San pham Dich vu moi tai cac Ngan hang Thuong mai 14 1.2.1 Sir can thief phat trien San pham Dich vu mffi tai cac Ngan hang: 14 1.2.1.1 Tic nhu cau cua thi tricang: 14 1.2.1.2 Ticyeu cau doi vdi Ngan hang: 15 1.2.2 Phat trien San pham Dich vu moi tai Ngan hang: 17 1.2.3 Quy trinh phat trien San pham Dich vu mffi: 19 1.2.4 Cac chi tieu danh gid str phat trien San pham Dich vu moi tai Ngan hang: 21 1.3 Nhung nhan to anh huong den phat trien San pham Dich vu moi 24 1.3.1 Nhan to khdeh quan: 24 1.3.2 Nhan to chu quan: 29 1.4 Kinh nghiem phat trien San pham Dich vu moi cua mot so Ngan hang va ngoai nude: 32 1.4.1 Kinh nghiem cua mot so Ngan hang mcoc ngoai tai Viet Nam: 32 1.4.2 Bai hoc kinh nghiem ddi vd’i Ngan hang Ndng nghiep va Phdt trien Ndng thdn Viet Nani: 34 CHUONG II: THUC TRANG PHAT TRIEN SAN PHAM DICH VU Mdl TAI NGAN HANG NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON VIET NAM 35 2.1 Gioi thieu ve Ngan hang Nong nghiep va Phat trien Nong thon Viet Nam 35 2.1.1 Licit sir hinh va phdt trien 35 2.1.2 Co' cau to chu'c, mang lu'd’i boat dong: 36 2.2 Thuc trang kinh doanh cac San pham Dich vu tai Ngan hang Nong nghiep va Phat trien Nong thon Viet Nam: 37 2.3 Phat trien San pham Dich vu moi tai Ngan hang Nong nghiep va Phat trien Nong thon Viet Nam: 53 2.3.1 Quy trinh phdt trien San pham Dich vu moi tai Ngan hang Ndng nghiep va Phdt trien Ndng thdn Viet Nam: 53 2.3.2 Ket qua phdt trien San pham Dich vu moi tai Ngan hang Ndng nghiep va Phdt trien Ndng thdn Viet Nam: 56 2.3.2.1 San pham Dich vu md'i trien khai giai (loan 2008- 2010: 56 2.3.2.2 Ket qua trien khai San pham Dich vu md'i giai (loan 2008- 2010: 60 2.4 Danh gia tinh hinh phat trien hoat dong San pham Dich vu moi tai Ngan hang Nong nghiep va Phat trien Nong thon Viet Nam 79 2.4.1 Danh gid ch ung: 79 2.4.1.1 Mat ctuoc: 79 2.4.1.2 Mat han che: 81 2.4.2 Nguyen nhdn ton tai mat han che: 83 2.4.2.1 Nguyen nhdn khach quan: 83 2.4.2.2 Nguyen nhdn chu quan: 85 CHEONG III: GIAI PHAP PHAT TRIEN SAN PHAM DICH VU MOI TAI NGAN HANG NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON VIET NAM 89 3.1 Xu huong phat trien San pham Dich vu moi Ngan hang tai mot so Ngan hang Thuong mai tai Viet Nam: 89 3.2 Danh gia co- hoi, thach thuc ve phat trien San pham Dich vu Ngan hang Nong nghiep va Phat trien Nong thon Viet Nam 90 3.2.1 Co' hoi viec phat trien San pham Dich vu: 90 3.2.2 Thach thuc: 91 3.3 Phuong huong phat trien San pham Dich vu tai Ngan hang Nong nghiep va Phat trien Nong thon Viet Nam 92 3.3.1 Muc tieu phat trien hoat dong kinh doanh den nam 2015 cua Ngan hang Nong nghiep va Phat trien Ndng thdn Viet Nam: 92 3.3.2 Muc tieu, phuong huo'ng pluit trien San pham Dich vu moi den nam 2015: 93 3.4 Giai phap phat trien San pham Dich vu moi tai Ngan hang Nong nghiep va Phat trien Nong thon Viet Nam 95 3.4.1 Giai ph dp cliung 95 3.4.1.1 Xay dung chien luqc phat trien San pham Dich vu tirng giai doan cu the: 95 3.4.1.2 Giai phap ve nguai 96 3.4.1.3 Giaiphap ve Cong nghe: 98 3.4.1.4 Giai phap quang ba San pham Dich vu den khach hang 100 3.4.2 Mot so giai phap cu the: 103 3.4.2.1 Giai phap ve nhom san pham huy dong von: 103 3.4.2.2 Giai phap ve nhom san pham cho vay: 106 3.4.2.3 Giai phap ve nhom san pham the: 107 3.4.2.4 Giai phap ve nhom san pham Ngan hang dien tu: 109 3.3.2.5 Giai phap phat trien San pham lien ket Ngan hang Bao hiem Bancasurance: 110 3.5 Mot so kien nghi 113 3.5.1 Kien nghi doi voi Nha nud’c: 113 3.5.2 Kien nghi doi voi Ngan hang Nha nude: 114 KET LU AN 116 BANG KY HIEU CHU VIET TAT ANZ Ngan hang ANZ DN Doanh nghiep EUR Dong tien chung Chau Au HSBC The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Ltd L/C Thu tin dung chung tu (Letter of Credit) NH Ngan hang NHNN Ngan hang Nha nudc NHNo Ngan hang Nong nghiep va Phat trien Nong thon Viet Nam NHTM Ngan hang Thuong mai SPDV San pham dich vu TCTD To chuc Tin dung TTQT Thanh toan quoc te USD Do la My VND Viet Nam dong WTO To chuc thuong mai The gidi DANH MUC BANG, BIEU, SO DO Bang 2.1: Co cau nguon von theo khach hang: 40 Bang 2.2: Co cau cho vay cua NHNo& PTNTVN giai doan 2008-2010 41 Bang 2.3: Doanh so Thanh toan Trong nuoc NHNo giai doan 2008-2009 43 Bang 2.4: Ket qua hoat dong TTQT cua NHNo giai doan 2008-2010 45 Bang 2.5: Ket qua hoat dong KDNT cua NHNo& PTNTVN giai doan 20082010 .46 Bang 2.6: Ket qua hoat dong phat hanh the 2008- 2009 48 Bang 2.7: Ket qua thu phi cac hoat dong dich vu giai doan 2008- 2010 49 Bang 2.8: So lupng the NHNo&PTNT VN phat hanh giai doan 2008- 2010 61 Bang 2.9: Ket qua thu tir dich vu the 63 Bang 2.10: Han mure the tin dung quoc te Agribank: 64 Bang 2.11: Ket qua thu tu dich vu SMS banking 69 Bang 2.12: Ket qua hoat dong dich vu Vntopup 69 Bang 2.13: Ket qua hoat dong dich vu Atranfer: 70 Bang 2.14: Ket qua hoat dong san pham Tiet kiem hoc duong 2009- 2010 73 Bang 2.15: Ket qua doanh thu phi bao hiem 77 Bieu 2.1: Ket qua nguon von giai doan 2008- 2010 39 Bieu 2.2: Co cau thu phi dich vu cua NHNo&PTNT Viet Nam 2010 50 Bieu 2.3: Ket qua thu tir dich vu the 62 Bieu 2.4: Ket qua phat hanh the lien ket giai doan 2009- 2010 63 Bieu 2.5 Ket qua phat hanh the lien ket NHNo&PTNT VN 65 giai doan 2008- 2010 .65 Bieu 2.6: Ket qua nguon von huy dong tir San pham Tiet kiem hocdubng 73 Bieu 2.7: Ket qua doanh thu Bao an tin dung .78 So 1.1 Ba cap San pham Dich vu Ngan hang .4 So 1.2 Quy trinh phat trien San pham Dich vu moi 19 So 2.1: He thong to churc cua NHNo 37 So 2.2: Kenh phan phoi San pham Dich vu hien dai 51 So 2.3: He thong phan phoi san pham Mobile Banking 66 104 Do lai suat tang len theo so du nen khach hang se co xu huong gop cac tai khoan tien gui va tiet kiem lai de co so du lon hon do luong tai khoan cua khach hang co khuynh huong giam di so du tai khoan co xu huong tang len nhu vay se giup NH giam chi phi quan ly va giao dich; -Da dang hoa theo nhom khach hang: Hien tai NHNo moi chi cac nhom SPDV ma chua phan loai san pham theo cac nhom khach hang, san pham chu yeu chi noi chung chung danh cho doi tuong khach hang la cac ca nhan, to chuc DN nen thuc te san pham tien gui va tiet kiem chua dap ung duoc het nhu cau da dang cua khach hang Cac san pham moi co the da dang hoa theo nhom cac khach hang chia theo cac nhom khach hang dac thu, san pham tien gui va tiet kiem moi co nhung net dac thu danh cho tung nhom khach hang: doi tuong khach hang la hoc sinh trung hoc, sinh vien, nhan vien bat dau di lam, nhan vien di lam lau nam, cac can bo huu tri r q Trong thoi gian toi NHNo co the thuc hien mot so hinh thuc huy dong r von moi nhu: ❖ Hinh thuc tiet kiem tich luy: Phat huy loi the la NHTM nha nuoc duoc lap lau doi, co mang luoi rong va da gay dung duoc hinh anh lau dai tao duoc su tin tuong cho khach hang; tiep tuc phat huy ket qua trien khai cua San pham moi Tiet r kiem hoc duong vi mai tuoi sang danh cho doi tuong ong ba, cha me NHNo co the phat trien them nhieu san pham co thoi han dai tu 1-15 nam, khach hang dinh ky gui mot so tien co dinh theo cac dinh ky dang ky: 1, 3, thang theo su lua chon cua khach hang de duoc huong cac muc lai suat thay doi theo tung thoi diem ma NHNo cong bo, tien lai duoc huong r r r r tren co so so du von goc Voi hinh thuc tiet kiem co the da dang cac nhom khach hang voi cac muc dich khac nhau: tiet kiem vi muc dich xay r \ r nha, lap gia dinh, mua sam tieu dung, huu tri de thu hut nguon von nhan 105 roi dan cu, gop phan tang nguon thu on dinh cho NHNo Cung vdi viec dupe hudng uu dai cong them lai suat hang nam nhung khong vuot muc quy dinh NHNN, khach hang dupe nhan thieu uu dai khac: tu van san pham, sir dung cac san pham cho vay bo sung them khoan tien thieu vdi lai suat uu dai vdi trudng hop khach hang chua tich luy du so tien can thiet vdi muc tieu da du dinh ❖ Phat trien san pham tien gui theo so du: Phat trien cac san pham tien gui theo so du, theo khach hang dupe hudng lai suat tuong ung vdi so du tien gui binh quan thang theo nguyen tac khach hang gui cang nhieu thi hudng lai cang ldn Ddi tuong khach hang co the la DN, cac ca nhan co nhu cau gtri tien Khach hang dupe hudng lai suat cao khach hang tat toan tai bat ky thdi diem nao theo lai suat bac thang theo thdi gian thuc gui, ngoai NHNo cd the ket hop vdi san pham the, Mobile banking de tang them tien ich cho khach hang su dung san pham nhu: khach hang md tai khoan dupe tang kern the ATM cd the rut a ' e e r tien bat cu nao tai cac may ATM cua NHNo khong mat phi; sur dung cac dich vu tien ich Mobile banking, internet banking ve chuyen khoan, toan hoa don, ♦♦♦ Dau tu tu dong cho ddi tuong khach hang DN va Ca nhan: San pham tao cho khach hang sur dung von tdi da, NH se tu dong chuyen von tarn thdi nhan roi tu tai khoan tien gui toan cua khach hang vao tai khoan co ky han Hinh thuc NHNo da ap dung cho khach hang nhung khong tu dong ma khach hang phai cd yeu cau bang van ban co nhu cau chuyen vao tai khoan co ky han Do thdi gian tdi Cong nghe da phat trien va hoan toan co the phat trien san pham mdi nay, NHNo cd the nghien cuu trien khai ap dung cho cac tat ca cac chi nhanh cd nhu cau, A dam bao nhu cau canh tranh tren tung dia ban 106 3.4.2.2 Gidi phap ve nhom san pham cho vay: Md rong cho vay sinh hoat tieu dung: Cho vay tieu dung de dap ung nhu cau chi tieu gia dinh nhu- mua sam xe, cudi hoi, cac tai san co gia tri ldn, cho vay du hoc De phat trien san pham NHNo can phoi hop chat che vdi cac doi tuong la co sd ban hang do nhan hang ngudi tieu dung chi can toan tir 20-30% gia tri mon hang, lai NHNo cho vay vdi mire lai suat thoa thuan thdi gian theo thoa thuan co the tir 1- 10 nam theo gia tri thuc te cua mon hang Ngoai vdi san pham NHNo co the ap dung ket hop vdi san pham the tin dung tieu dung ♦♦♦ Cho vay mua nha, sua chua nha: Khi vay tien cho nhu cau mua nha, xay dung va sua chua nha d, khach hang dupe yeu cau md tai khoan tien giri toan va tai khoan tien vay theo khach hang se dupe huong muc lai suat cao hon theo thoa thuan vdi tai khoan tien giri tuong ung vdi muc lai r > r \ suat tien vay va sd tien vay khong vupt qua 70% du toan sua chua, chi phi cho ngoi nha, tai san the chap chinh bang gia tri ngoi nha can mua, sua chua Do cu mdi ky NH tu dong thu lai chuyen tu tai khoan tien gui sang tai khoan tien vay ma khach hang khong can true tiep den NH, ngoai co lenh chuyen tien/ uy quyen chuyen tu tai khoan tien gui sang tai khoan tien vay NH se chuyen so tien theo yeu cau sang tai khoan tien vay de giam lai hang thang tir khach hang vira chu dong tai khoan, tang tinh an toan cho khoan vay ❖ Cho vay tieu thuong: Khi nhu cau cho vay san pham cho vay tieu thuong thuc chat la cho vay san xuat kinh doanh nhung chu yeu tap trung vao khach hang la cac tieu thuong buon ban nhd, buon ban ca the tai cac cho Loai hinh cho vay gop phan han che dan nan cho vay nang lai cho khach hang De giam thieu rui ro khoan vay NH ap dung hinh thirc cho vay vdi khach hang co ho khau tren 107 r cung don vi dia ban tinh/ hoat dong cua cac chi nhanh NHNo kinh doanh tai cac cho dupe lap theo dung quy dinh cua phap luat, co giay chung nhan su dung sap/ quay ban hang hop phap cua ban quan ly cho duoc r x bo nhiem va dong y lien ket voi NHNo Theo khach hang duoc vay khoan tien tuong ung toi da khong qua 70% gia tri tai san dam bao/ khong qua 10% gia tri sang nhuong sap/ quay ban hang tai cho voi thoi gian vay khong qua 3- thang 3.4.2.3 Gidi phap ve nhom san pham the: - Nang cao chat lupng SPDV the: Trudc tien de nang cao chat lupng the can thay ddi nhan thuc can bo nghiep vu the giai tiep quan he vdi khach hang nham tao dung hinh anh tot ve SPDV the cua NHNo Cac chi nhanh can dam bao su hoat dong on dinh cua ATM bang each thuong xuyen kiem tra tinh trang hoat dong ATM nhu tiep quy, hoa don in, bao tri, bao dudng kip thdi may ATM tu giam thieu gian doan thdi gian giao dich qua may ATM, nang cao uy tin vdi khach hang Phoi ket hop chat che vdi Trung tarn the, So Giao Dich va cac chi nhanh cong tac xu ly tra soat, khieu nai nham cung cap thong tin kip thdi, xu ly chinh xac cac giao dich tra soat nham dam bao an toan tai san cho NH va khach hang, gop phan nang cao hieu qua chat lupng the r \ r Ap dung nhieu hinh thuc khuyen khich khach hang su dung the cua NHNo nhu: giam phi phat hanh the, md nhung dpt phat hanh the mien phi theo cac dip le tet 30/4, 1/5 , dac biet la phat hanh the mien phi doi vdi nhung doi tuong la hoc sinh, sinh vien, cong nhan vi day la nhung khach hang tiem nang tuong lai Nen rut ngan thdi gian cung nhu giam bdt nhung thu tuc khong can thiet phat hanh the 108 Dieu ma khach hang quan tarn su dung dich vu the chinh la su r r r > thuan tien Neu muon tang so luong the phat hanh thi NH can tang tinh thuan tien hon do can tang so luong may ATM lap dat tai cac diem dan cu tap trung, - Phat trien va md rong cac dich vu nham tan dung tdi da cac chuc ndng cua A TM, phat huy hieu qua, mang lai loi nhuan tu dich vu the: He thong may ATM neu chi de rut tien mat lai it, gan nhu khong co lai do phai khai thac tdi da cac chuc nang cua ATM dac biet la chuc nang toan, chuyen khoan de co the khai thac them cac khoan thu tir phi, doanh thu khac tir cac dich vu phat sinh De thuc hien muc tieu ddi hoi su X r r ' phoi hop ddng bo cua cac nha cung cap dich vu, ho chua thay ro duuc loi ich thiet thuc cua cong viec kinh doanh Sir hop tac vdi cac cong ty bao hiem, dien thoai di dong, chu yeu la cac DN co von dau tu nude ngoai Ngoai thi trudng the hien la thi trudng tiem nang ddi vdi cac NH, do can tang cudng nhung loi ich toan cua the nhu toan tien dien, nude, dien thoai, toan qua cac cua hang, sieu thi , khach san dac biet phat huy vai tro cua cac loai the quoc te nhu cau khach hang d nude ngoai cang tang len Vi vay NH can cd nhung chinh sach tiep thi, quang ba cac SPDV cua minh den moi tang ldp dan cu, can day manh cong tac marketing tren cac phuong tien truyen thong dai chung nhu bao chi, phat thanh, truyen hinh de tim kiem nguon khach hang mdi Phat trien them cac diem chap nhan toan the san sang hop tac vdi NH nhu cac sieu thi ldn, nha hang, cac diem du lich vui choi giai tri va dia r f \ r diem mua sam ldn vi muc tieu chung cua nen kinh te, vi hieu qua kinh doanh cua chinh ho va vi loi ich chung hoi nhap va tao thuan tien cho khach hang - Phat trien san pham mdi: 109 Cung nhu- san pham huy dong von NHNo co the da dang san pham dudi hinh thuc da dang doi tuong khach hang huong toi Vi du khach hang la hoc sinh sinh vien, khach hang huu tri, khach hang la nu gidi, khach hang doanh nghiep Ar r r Tru sd chinh can phoi hop vdi chi nhanh de tim kiem cac doi tac la cac Tap doan, Tong cong ty ldn, he thong sieu thi de phat hanh the lien ket thuong hieu nhu: the cong ty ket hop vdi the ATM, the mua xang dau ket hop vdi the ATM cua NHNo, phoi hpp vdi cac Trudng Dai hoc, Cao dang trien khai rong rai the lien ket sinh vien 3.4.2.4 Gidi phap ve nhom san pham Ngan hang dien tu: De cd the dua cac san pham NH dien tur cang bien vao doi r a song cua ngudi dan, trudc tien NHNo can hoan thien cac san pham, dich vu truyen thong quen thuoc, san cd de cd the tri lupng khach hang hien tai, thu hut cac khach hang mdi, khach hang tiem nang, tu tien den viec gidi thieu, quang ba cac san pham mdi, san pham NH dien tu Khi da dua dupe san pham NH dien tu vao doi song cua ngudi dan, tao dupe long tin noi khach hang thi viec cung cap nhung tien ich cua san pham va su da dang ve san pham la mot lpi the canh tranh cua cac NH Tuy nhien, hien tai cac NHTM r r Viet Nam mdi chi phat trien d muc nhat dinh, da so cac dich vu NH dien r r t r tu chu yeu chi dung lai d giao dich van tin tai khoan, kiem tra so du cua tai khoan, the tin dung, the NH qua mobile, qua trang web noi bo cua NH hoac cac giao dich thong tin ve lai suat, ty gia qua dien thoaiva toan cac dich A A vu cong nhu tra tien dien, nude, dien thoai, Vi vay, de tao lpi the canh tranh linh vuc NH dien tu, NHNo can dau tu, nghien curu de cung cap cang nhieu hon cac tien ich cua nhung san pham NH dien tu hien tai va phat trien them nhung san pham mdi dang hoa cac san pham dap ung nhu cau cang cao cua khach hang 110 * Phat trien cac tien ich cua Internet-hanking: Hoan thien trang internet banking hien tai trang agribank khong co lien ket trang chu Internet banking Hien NHNo moi chi cho phep van tin sb du giao dich tren kenh Internet banking Ngoai viec kiem tra so du tai khoan, xem cac giao dich phat sinh, xem cac thong tin tren trang web https://ibank.agribank.com.vn, NHNo can bo sung them mot so chuc nang cua san pham Internet - Banking nhu: chuyen khoan, toan hoa don (cube phi dien, nude, dien thoai ban, di dong, internet, truyen hinh cap, thue ); mua the tra trudc cac loai the dien thoai di dong, the Internet ; r toan true tuyen qua mang * Phat trien san pham Mobile-banking Trong thoi gian toi, NHNo can tien toi phat trien them cac ung dung Mobilebanking tren dien thoai di dong, giup khach hang thuc hien cac giao dich (chuyen tien, toan cube mot so dich vu: dien nude, mb rong dich vu toan hoa don cho cac nha cung cap cac mang dien thoai, internet ) moi luc moi noi Phat trien them cac dich vu mdi nhu: van tin, tu dong thong bao so du ddi vdi cac loai tai khoan khac nhu tai khoan tiet kiem Thu ba, phat trien san pham Home-banking Trong thoi gian toi, NHNo can trien khai rong rai san pham Homer r r banking den vdi tat ca cac doi tuong khach hang ca nhan 3.3.2.5 Gidi phap phat trien San pham lien ket Ngan hang Bao hiem Bancasurance: r * Bao hiem chi so nong nghiep: Mot nhung loai hinh dang dupe hudng toi de phat trien bao hiem nong nghiep (BHNN) b nude ta la bao hiem theo nhiet Thuc chat day la mot nhanh nho loai hinh bao hiem theo chi so (BHCS) dupe mot sb r r > r quoc gia tren the gidi ap dung tir khoang dau nhung nam 1990 Tai mot sb Ill quoc gia tren the gidi hien dang ap dung mot so loai bao hiem rui ro thdi tiet ma ngudi khong kiem soat dupe cua mot so loai cay co dieu kien tu r r \ nhien tuong doi giong nhau, muc rui ro gan nhu cd thiet hai xay so tien boi thuong dupe tinh theo cong thuc: So tien boi thudng= so hecta dupe bao hiem * sd tien bao hiem* ty le boi thuong O Viet Nam cung nhu nhieu nude tren the gidi hiem hoa thdi tiet, thien tai la rat kho luong trudc Nam vua qua dpt ret dam ret hai lam pha huy nhieu cay trong,thiet hai khong it cho ngudi dan, nd khong nhung gay hau qua nang ne cho ngudi dan ma gay anh hudng tdi nhieu linh vuc khac nhu cu the nhu NH Thdi gian qua NHNo dupe coi la NH chu chot phuc vu cac ho ndng dan vay von phat trien san xuat song gap nhieu rui ro ma ngudi dan gap phai thien tai, tham hoa mat mua dan tdi khong cd kha nang tra no do khoan no trd no xau ngudi dan khong the cd kha nang chi tra Tren thuc te cac NH dang tien dan sang giai doan cd phan hoa, su tu nhung khoan no hoac tim each kiem soat chung mot each cd hieu qua hon Viec phat trien loai hinh bao hiem giup tiet kiem tdi da chi phi de quan ly, giam sat cung vdi su linh hoat thu phi, boi thuong thiet hai d muc nho cho cac ho ndng dan Nha bao hiem va NH cd the can cu khao sat tinh hinh thuc te thay ddi thdi tiet cua mot sd vung diem vdi cung loai cay qua cac nam de danh gia nhiet binh quan vung mien qua cd the di den ky ket hop dong bao hiem vdi ngudi dan vdi nhung dieu khoan bao hiem cu the nhu: nhiet trung binh, thay doi nhiet +- % thi dupe boi thuong, dieu kien boi thuong can cu vao bao cao cua trung tarn tuong thuy van xem xet xem chenh lech nhiet cd vuot muc thoa thuan hop dong bao hiem hay khong de boi thuong 112 Bao hiem chi so cu the la bao hiem nhiet co dac trimg rieng la tinh rui ro dong nhat, co tinh tich tu va hang loat, tuc la DN phai luong trudc kha nang chi tra rat ldn, tren dien rong neu cd thiet hai yeu to thien nhien, r \ ■> \ xet den dieu kien bao hiem NH cung nhu DN bao hiem can khao sat tinh hinh cu the vung, mien, phan tich danh gia kha nang rui ro cd the xay cung nhu muc thiet hai de xac dinh dieu kien cung nhu muc phi bao hiem Tuy nhien de phat trien dupe loai hinh san pham bao hiem DN bao hiem va NH phai vupt qua rat nhieu kho khan (kho khan khao sat vung mien, thay doi thdi tiet that thudng, long tin ngudi dan) do can sur phoi hop chat che giua cac to chuc bao hiem, NH va trung tam du bao tuong thuy van cung vdi cac bo nganh lien quan * Edo hiem tin dung xuat khau ndng san: O' Cac hinh thuc ho tro xuat khau tai Viet Nam nhung nam qua chu yeu la r r cac bien phap ho tro dau cho san pham, mang tinh bao cap, vi vay neu ap dung lau dai se khong khuyen khich tinh chu dong va sang tao cua DN, dong thdi khong phu hop vdi cac quy dinh cua WTO Hinh thuc kha bien da dupe nhieu nude tren the gidi ap dung la bao hiem tin dung xuat khau (export credit insurance): bao hiem cho cac loai rui ro ma nha xuat khau cd the gap phai lai chua dupe ap dung tai Viet Nam r r \ r NHNo cd lpi the ve mang ludi rong khap tren toan quoc vdi tren 2.200 chi nhanh va diem giao dich dupe bo chi trai deu tu Mien Bac xuong Mien \ r Nam, tir mien nui cao heo lanh den cac vung hai dao xa xoi NHNo la NH nhan dupe nhieu su tin nhiem vung ndng nghiep ndng thdn Hon nua hien NHNo cd quan he NH dai ly vdi 931 NH tai 113 quoc gia va vung lanh tho Do tiem nang cung nhu co hoi de phat trien san pham lien ket NH bao hiem ket hpp giua san pham tin dung cua NH vdi bao hiem pham vi xuat khau cac mat hang ndng san la rat kha quan Cac rui ro cd the 113 dupe bao hiem bao gom: rui ro ve gia, rui ro ve mat kha nang xuat khau, bao hiem ngudi mua khong toan 3.5 Mot so kien nghi r r 3.5.1 Kien nghi ddi voi Nha nud’c: De SPDV NH mdi phat huy dugc toan dien nhung uu the va lgi ich doi hoi phai cd su dau tu, quan tarn dung dan cua cac co quan quan ly nha nude Nhin chung, thdi gian tdi Nha nude can thuc hien dong bo cac giai phap sau: Thu- nhat: Hoan thien co che luat phap chinh sach de tao dieu kien cho cac NH co mot mdi trudng phap ly thong thoang minh bach va dong bo, mdi trudng kinh doanh on dinh, lanh manh Vai tro ho trg cua Nha nude phai the hien bang cac chinh sach, van ban phap ly dong bo the hien su ton doc lap tu chu dong thdi phat huy the manh cua tung NHTM mdi trudng kinh doanh binh dang va cd tinh canh tranh cao Mot mdi trudng kinh doanh on dinh, lanh manh se giup cac r r r NH trudng chac chan hon, nhanhehong tiep can dugc thi trudng dich vu tai chinh noi dia Hon nua,Viet nam da gia nhap to chuc thuong mai the gidi WTO cho nen yeu cau minh bach hoa cac chinh sach la mot nhung yeu cau dau tien, no tao mdi trudng phap ly thuan lgi cho hoat dong NH noi chung e X • r Ngoai Nha nude cung can co chinh sach tai chinh thich hgp khuyen khich cac NHTM phat trien cac SPDV NH mdi nhu chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien day manh dau tu hien dai hoa cong nghe md rong cac hoat dong SPDVNH Thu hai: Chu dong cd ke hoach ho trg cac NH va cac TCTD viec nang cao trinh dan tri nham tao nhu cau ve dich vu NH tren thi trudng Mac du lam thay ddi cac thdi quen cu cua ngudi dan, giup ho tu giac tiep can vdi cac dich vu hien dai khong the bang cac bien phap truyen thong 114 hay ctrang che hanh chinh Khach hang du la ca nhan hay DN se don nhan cac dich vu toan khong dung tien mat, chuyen tien, ho trp tu van ho thuc su thay duoc loi ich ctia nhung hoat dong mang lai theo cac tieu chi nhu nhanh chong, chinh xac, an toan va tien loi Song viec hudng dan, tuyen truyen, cung cap thong tin cho ngudi dan de nhan thuc cua ho mang lai tich cue hon, nhanh chong hon Ngoai ddi vdi cac can bo cua cac DN, Nha nude cd the cd mot sd chinh sach thuc day chang han nhu cd the quy dinh viec toan luong cua can bo cong chuc hoac cua nhan vien cac DN thong qua NH ma khong chi tra bang tien mat Thu- ba: Phat trien tang cong nghe: Viec md rong va phat trien dich vu toan khong dung tien mat trudc tien la nhiem vu cua nganh NH nhung neu chi rieng nganh NH thi khong the dat dupe muc tieu nay, boi cac tieu chuan ve cong nghe toan ca vien thong, phat trien mang may tinh toan cau Internet cung nhu cac tieu chuan dam bao an toan cho giao dich dien tu cd the coi la nhung dieu kien quan cho su cong va phat trien lau dai cua cac dich vu NH hien \ r x x dai Do vay, Nha nude can cd ke hoach phat trien tang cong nghe tao nen tang cho he thong cac NHTM thuc day su phat trien cua cac dich vu NH hien dai r r 3.5.2 Kien nghi ddi voi Ngan hang Nha nud’c: NHNN can hoan thien bo sung cac chinh sach, co che thuc day phat trien nghiep vu NH: - NHNN can hoan thien mdi trudng phap ly cua he thong NH, tiep tuc chinh sua Luat NHNN va Luat cac TCTD de dap ung nhu cau nang cao vi the XX X va nang luc dieu hanh chinh sach tien te cua NH Trung uong NHNN can soat, kip thdi bo sung, sua ddi cac van ban phap ly lien quan de tao hanh lang phap ly ro rang, thuan loi nham thuc day va ho trp phat trien cac SPDV mdi cua cac NHTM Viec xay dung, hoan thien mdi trudng phap ly ve cac dich vu 115 NH tao dieu kien cho cac NHTM da dang hoa cac SPDV dap ung yeu cau cua cac DN va ngudi dan - De tao mot he thong NH hien dai, NHNN nen tao dieu kien cho cac NHTM ap dung cac dich vu bang viec ban hanh nhung co che ve dich vu NH, giao quyen cho cac NHTM quyet dinh loai dich vu can thu phi theo nguyen tac thuong mai de tang tinh canh tranh - Chu cong tac quan ly dam bao an toan, phdng chong rui ro cac giao dich tai chinh; nang cao vai tro cua NHNN vdi hoat dong kinh doanh cac NH - NHNN la dau mdi trung gian, nghien cuu xay dung dinh huong chien luge phat trien cong nghe, dam bao ket noi he thong mot each hoan thien, dam bao tinh chinh xac va an toan, tien loi va hieu qua cong nghe Do can phai the hien dugc vai tro to ldn cua minh vdi toan he thong, dan dat dinh huong cho su phat trien toan nganh, co chien luge va chu truong kip thdi hgp ly cho hoat dong cua nganh NH, tao can cu de cac NH xay dung chien luge hoat dong 116 KET LUAN Vai qua trinh chuyen ddi sang nen kinh te thi trudng va hoi nhap kinh te quoc te, SPDV NH cang phat trien dap ung nhu cau sir dung cac dich vu NH cang cao cua cac chu the nen kinh te Cac loai hinh SPDV NH cang phat trien nhanh chong, gia ca dich vu dang ddi mdi theo hudng ty hoa giam dan sy can thiep mang tinh hanh chinh cua cu quan quan ly Nha nude Dupe lap tu nam 1988, vdi vi the la NHTM hang dau Viet Nam, NHNo dupe danh gia la mot nhung NHTM hang dau cung cap SPDV tien ich, hien dai cd chat lupng cao dap ung nhu cau cua dong dao khach hang, khong ngung tap trung doi mdi, phat trien manh cong nghe NH theo hudng hien dai hoa Song ben canh nhung tyu dat dupe NHNo gap phai khong it nhung kho khan qua trinh phat trien SPDV mdi nhieu nguyen nhan tu phia noi luc NHNo va nhieu tac nhan ben ngoai tac dong Van de phat trien SPDV mdi khong chi la van de kha mdi me vdi NHNo ma la van de mdi doi vdi he thong NHTM noi chung Tren co sd van dung tong hpp cac phuong phap nghien cuu khoa hoc, di tu ly thuyet den thuc tien, de tai nghien cuu: "Phat trien SPDV mdi a NHNo den nam 2015” la cong trinh khoa hoc nghien cuu mot each cd he r \ •> y thong va toan dien ve sy phat trien SPDV mdi tai NHNo De tai da tap trung nghien curu va giai quyet mot sd noi dung nhu sau: Mot la, lam ro khai niem, dac diem ve SPDV NH; khai niem phat trien SPDV NH mdi, nhung nhan to anh hudng den phat trien SPDV mdi cua NH; Hai la, tong hpp, phan tich tinh hinh phat trien SPDV mdi tai NHNo tu danh gia tyu, han che, nguyen nhan ton tai phat trien SPDV mdi tai NHNo; 117 Ba la, tren co sd ly luan thuc tien va dinh hudng chien ltroc phat trien hoat dong kinh doanh den nam 2015 cua NHNo, muc tieu phat trien SPDV x r r r r den nam 2015, De tai de xuat mot so giai phap va kien nghi viec phat trien SPDV mdi tai NHNo De tai: “Phat trien SPDV moi d NHNo den nam 2015” la mot de tai ' r \ r tuong ddi mdi, rong va kha phdc tap vay, de nhung y kien, de xuat luan van thuc su cd y nghTa, tac gia mong muon nhan dupe nhung y kien ddng gop cua cac nha khoa hoc, cac thay cd giao, cac nha quan ly NH, ban be ddng nghiep va cac nha kinh te lien quan den linh vuc 118 DANH MUC TAI LIEU THAM KHAO Thai Ba Can, Tran Nguyen Nam (2003), Phdt trien thi trudng dich vu r r tai chinh Viet Nam tien trinh hoi nhap, Nha xuat ban Tai chinh, Ha Noi David Cox (1997), Nghiep vu ngan hang hien dai, Nha xuat ban Chinh r tri quoc gia, Ha Noi Tran Dinh Dinh, Mot so van de ve hoi nhap kinh te the giai nganh ngan hang, Trung tam dao tao Ngan hang Nong nghiep va Phat trien nong thdn Viet Nam Phan Thi Thu Ha, Nguyen Thi Thu Thao, Ngan hang thuong mai quan tri va nghiep vu, Nha xuat ban Thong ke Ha Noi Nguyen Thi Minh Hien (2002), Marketing ngan hang, Hoc vien Ngan hang Luat to chuc tin dung (Da sua doi, bo sung nam 2004), Nha xuat ban chinh tri quoc gia, Ha Noi Mac - Le (1996), Kinh te chinh tri, Nha xuat ban su that Ha Noi NHNo (2008, 2009, 2010), Bao cao ket qua hoat dong the Trung tam the NHNo NHNo (2008, 2009, 2010), Bao cao ket qua hoat dong SPDV NHNo 10 NHNo&PTNTVN (2010), Didu le ' 11 Ngan hang Nha nude (2005), Chien luoc phat trien dich vu ngan hang den nam 2010 va tam nhin 2020, ky yeu hoi thao khoa hoc, NXB Phuong Dong Pham Ngoc Phong (1996), Marketing ngan hang, Nha xuat ban thong ke Ha Noi Le Van Tu (2004), Quan tri ngan hang thuong mai, Nha xuat ban Tai chinh, Ha Noi