Applying houses translation quality assessment model to assess the vietnamese translation of mark twain’s the adventures of huckleberry finn chapter XX and its vietnamese translation by xuân oanh

VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST GRADUATE STUDIES HOÀNG THỊ DIỄM HẰNG APPLYING HOUSE’S TRANSLATION QUALITY ASSESSMENT MODEL TO ASSESS THE VIETNAMESE TRANSLATION OF MARK TWAIN’S “THE ADVENTURES OF HUCKLEBERRY FINN”-CHAPTER XX BY XN OANH ÁP DỤNG MƠ HÌNH ĐÁNH GIÁ CHẤT LƯỢNG BẢN DỊCH CỦA HOUSE VÀO VIỆC ĐÁNH GIÁ BẢN DỊCH TIẾNG VIỆT “NHỮNG CUỘC PHIÊU LƯU CỦA HUCKLEBERRY FINN”-CHƯƠNG XXDỊCH GIẢ XUÂN OANH M.A Thesis Combined Programme Thesis English Linguistics 60 22 15 HA NOI-2012 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST GRADUATE STUDIES HOÀNG THỊ DIỄM HẰNG APPLYING HOUSE’S TRANSLATION QUALITY ASSESSMENT MODEL TO ASSESS THE VIETNAMESE TRANSLATION OF MARK TWAIN’S “THE ADVENTURES OF HUCKLEBERRY FINN”-CHAPTER XX BY XN OANH ÁP DỤNG MƠ HÌNH ĐÁNH GIÁ CHẤT LƯỢNG BẢN DỊCH CỦA HOUSE VÀO VIỆC ĐÁNH GIÁ BẢN DỊCH TIẾNG VIỆT “NHỮNG CUỘC PHIÊU LƯU CỦA HUCKLEBERRY FINN”-CHƯƠNG XXDỊCH GIẢ XUÂN OANH M.A Thesis Combined Programme Thesis Major: English Linguistics Code: 60 22 15 Supervisor: Asso Prof Dr Lê Hùng Tiến HA NOI-2012 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Statement of authorship i Acknowledgement ii Abstract iii Tables of contents iv List of abbreviations vii List of diagrams .viii INTRODUCTION Rationale Purpose of the study Research questions Research method Significance of the study CHAPTER LITERATURE REVIEW 1.1 Translation theory 1.1.1 Definition of translation .4 1.1.2 Translation methods .4 1.1.3 Translation equivalence .5 1.1.3.1 Three main views on translation equivalence 1.1.3.2 Interlingual and intertextual equivalence 1.1.3.3 Typologies of equivalence 1.2 Literary translation 1.2.1 Definition .8 1.2.2 Difficulties in literary translation 1.2.2.1 Cultural translation problems 1.2.2.2 Stylistic translation problems 11 1.2.2.3 Linguistic translation problems 12 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com v 1.2.2.4 Text specific translation problems 12 1.3 Translation quality assessment 12 1.3.1 Definition .12 1.3.2 Role of translation quality assessment 12 1.3.3 Approaches to assess the quality of a translation 13 1.3.3.1 Models with a quantitative dimension 13 1.3.3.2 Non- quantitative models 14 1.3.3.2.1 Critique productive 14 1.3.3.2.2 Functionalist model 15 1.3.3.2.3 Skopostheorie .15 1.3.3.2.4 Descriptive-explanatory model 16 1.4 House’s model of translation quality assessment 17 1.4.1 House‘s original model 17 1.4.2 House‘s revised model 20 CHAPTER 2: RESUTLS AND DISCUSSION Source Text Profile 23 Field .23 Tenor 26 Mode 30 Genre 31 Statement of Function 32 Comparison of original and translation text and statement of quality Comparison of original and translation 32 Statement of quality .40 CONCLUSION 42 REFERENCES Appendix A Vietnamese version of the selected text Appendix B English version of the selected text Appendix C Huck‘s repetition of phrase ―by and by‖ LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com vi Appendix D Huck‘s repetition of word ―considerable‖ Appendix E Huck‘s repetition of word ―considerable‖ Appendix F Omissions of clausal linkages Appendix G Back Translation and Categorization of Overtly Erroneous Errors LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com vii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS TQA: Translation Quality Assessment ST: Source Text TT: Target Text SL: Source Language TL: Target Language LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com viii LIST OF DIAGRAMS House‘s Revised Schema for the Analysis of ST and TT Page 21 Chart of Overtly Erroneous Errors Page 37 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com INTRODUCTION Rationale People all over the world are now getting closer and closer thanks to many factors, among which literature is an important one Not only can readers entertain but they can also approach the cultures of a far away country while staying at their home However, it is a matter of fact that not everyone is competent enough to read the original text Therefore, the readers normally choose to read translation texts The increasing number of translations available calls for the need of assessing the quality of such works so that the readers can enjoy reliable ones Given the situation, the evaluation of a translation has become the concern of Translation Quality Assessment approaches and quite many attempts have been made to find the answer to the question of how to effectively assess the quality of a translated work Along with those attempts are a numbers of related frameworks advocated by some translation researchers; among which The Translation Quality Assessment Model by the German scholar Juliane House is one of few approaches considered promising This assessment model by House is based on Hallidayan Systemic-Functional Theory, but it also draws eclectically on Prague School ideas, speech act theory, pragmatics, discourse analysis and corpus-based distinctions between the spoken and written language House‘s Model enables us to analyze and compare an original text and its translation on three different levels: Language/ Text, Register (Field, Mode and Tenor) and Genre This study aims to apply House‘s Model on Mark Twain‘s ―The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn‖-chapter XX and its Vietnamese translation by Xuân Oanh (2009) It can be said that this research is a new exciting experience for the researcher in that she is not a graduate majoring in translation Therefore, this research first and foremost is to fullfill the researcher‘s interest in translation and in House‘s Model in particular In addition, being able to assess a translation will provide the researcher confidence and knowledge to practice translation, particularly literature translation LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com Besides the above reasons, through library reasearch, it is realized that House‘s Model has been widely applied to assess legal document translation Therefore, this study seeks to explore new aspects on utilizing House‘s framework to evaluate a literal translation work Purpose of the study In this research, an attempt will be made to apply the Housian TQA Model to identify two kinds of errors in the translated work: overtly erroenous errors and covertly errornous errors The frequency of their occurences will be the foundation to assess the quality of the target text and to challenge House‘s idea that to literary work, it has to be an overt kind of translation Reserch questions  How good is the translation according to House‘s model?  What are the remaining problems of the translation?  Whether the translation is an overt or covert kind of translation?  What might be some implications for the translation of English literature into Vietnamese? Research method This study utilizes qualitative design First, the original text will be read thoroughly and comprehensively then the source text will be compared to its translation under the framework of House‘s TQA model Although, there are quite many models available for translation quality assessment, House‘s model is applied in that this model provides a comprehensive set of parameters enable the researcher to assess the translation text on dimension of both functional and pragmatic equivalence In addition, as stated by House, the model can be applied for a wide range of text The procedure is briefly introduced by Munday (2001, p.92) as below:  A profile is introduced of the ST register  To this is added a description of the ST genre realized by the register  Together, this allows a ―statement of function‖ to be made for the ST, including the ideational and interpersonal component of that function (in other words, LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com what information is being conveyed and what the relationship is between sender and receiver)  The same descriptive process is then carried out for the TT  The TT profile is compared to the ST profile and a statement of ―mismatches‖ or errors is produced, categorized according to genre and to the situational dimensions of register and genre  A ―statement of quality‖ is then made of the translation  Finally, the translation can be categorized into one of two types: overt translation or covert translation As it is impossible for the researcher to analyze the whole text due to limit of time and knowledge and also to be suitable with the applied framework, only one chapter will be selected randomly to guarantee the objectiveness of the procedure (chapter XX) However, examples from other chapters will be taken to prove the generality of the obtained findings in possible cases Significance of the study It is very important to be able to evaluate a translation in that translation has become an indispensable part in human civilization In Vietnam, English is a popular foreign language and is a tool of communication as well as a key to human knowledge The demand for knowledge has fostered the development of translation and it seems that many nonprofessionals and semi-professional translators undertake the task of translating Hopefully, this study will be a source of reference for other researcher concerning the same issue and important features of the framework will be ackowledged to have successful translation works LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com li that Mọi người lúc tỉnh ngủ nên hát to People were by and by awake more, so sung louder Vào đoạn cuối, số người hát rên rỉ, số khác lại gào to lên In the end, some sung like groaning, others shouting The people woke up more and more, and sung louder and louder; √ ;and towards the end, some begun (not translated) to groan, and some begun to shout Sau đó, nhà thuyết giảng bắt đầu √ giảng đạo cách hăng say Then, the preacher began to preach earnestly Then the preacher begun to preach; and begun in earnest, too; (not translated) Ông qua lại thoi từ √ đầu đến đầu bục gỗ, có lúc cúi cong phía trước, thân hình cánh tay đưa lúc(chuyển động liên tục), cố sức (cố hết sức) gào lên thật to ; and went weaving first to He moved to and fo like shuttle one side of the platform and from end this to end that on the then the other, and then a platform wooden, had time leaning down (rướn người bending curved body towards phía trước) over the front of front, both body and arms brought it, with his arms and his body out at a time, then tried to shout going all the time (chuyển very loud động liên tục), and shouting his words out with all his might; Thỉnh thoảng ông lại giơ kinh thánh lên, mở rộng ra, vừa (not in the text) muốn chuyền đến khắp phía gào lên: ―Đó quỷ Xatăng tàn bạo Sometimes he held the Bible up, ;and every now and then he √ √ √ LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com lii opening wide, both seemed to want to pass it to all sides, both shouted: "That is Satan cruel Hãy xem sống!‖ See it to live! " Mọi người rống lên: ―Vinh danh thiên chúa…A-men! Everyone roared: "Glory to God Amen." Thế ông ta tiếp tục, người lại rên rỉ, khóc lóc miệng nói ―Amen!‖ Then he continued, everyone groaning, crying, mouth saying "Amen " ―Hãy đến ghế dành cho kẻ ăn năn, sám hối! "Let's go to the seats reserved for those repent ! Hãy đến đây, kẻ bị tội lỗi làm nhơ bẩn! (A-men!) Come, those were sin defiled! (Amen!) Hãy đến kẻ mù lòa, tàn tật! (A-men!) Come the blind or disabled! (Amen!) Hãy đến kẻ nghèo hèn, thiếu thốn, bị đắm chìm tủi nhục ! (A-men) Come here the poor, needy, immersed in shame! (A-men) Hãy đến kẻ đau khổ, rã rời!Come those suffer, worn out! - would hold up his Bible and spread it open, and kind of (kiểu như) pass it around this way and that, shouting, ‗It‘s the brazen serpent (rắn hình) in the wilderness! Look upon it and live!‘ And people would shout out, ‗Glory! A-a-men!‘ And so he went on, and the people groaning and crying and saying amen: ‗Oh, come to the mourners‘ bench! Black with sin! (amen!) Come, sick and sore! (amen!) (not translated) √ Come, lame and halt, and blind! (amen!) √ Come pore and needy, sunk in shame! (a-a-men) Come all that‘s worn, and soiled, and suffering!- come with a broken spirit! (not translated) Tất đến đây, đem theo trái tim đau khổ, ăn năn, với tất LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com liii tội lỗi, nhơ bẩn quần áo rách rưới All come here, bring along hearts suffering, repenting, together with all sins, dirty and clothes ragged of your Nước chúa rửa tất cho ngươi, mà chả phải trả tiền cả, cánh cửa thiên đường mở rộng cho ngươi… Water of God will wash all for you, and you not have to pay money any, the door of heaven will open wide for you Ôi vào để yên nghỉ! (A-a-men! Vinh danh thiên chúa! Ha-lê-lu-ia!)‖ Oh, enter here to rest! (Aa-men! Glory to God! Ha-le-lu-ia!) " Và thế, And so on, so on (not in the source text) Lúc khơng cịn nghe vị thuyết giảng nói thêm tiếng kêu gào than khóc At that time no one could hear the preacher saying anymore in the shouting and crying Mọi người từ phía (lấy hết sức) xô đẩy chen chúc nhau, cố tới ghế dành riêng cho kẻ sám hối, nước mắt ràn rụa má People from all sides pushing cramming each other, trying to go to the chair reserved for those repent, tears running on checks Khi kẻ sám hối đến tụ tập ghế phía Come with a contrite heart! Come in your rags and sin and dirt! The waters that cleanse is free, the door of heaven stands open √ -oh, enter in and be at rest!‘ (a-a-men! Glory, glory hallelujah!) √ And so on You couldn‘t make out what the preacher said, any more, on account of the shouting and crying √ Folks got up, everywheres in the crowd, and worked their way, just by main strength, to the mourners‘ bench, with the tear running down their faces; √ LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com liv cùng, tất đồng hát, kêu la, lăn đống rơm, thật sơi nổi, cuồng nhiệt When repenters came to gather at chairs on the, all sung, shouted, rolled on the straw, very arousingly, enthusiastically Ngay lúc ấy, thấy nhà vua bước lên, giọng lão oang oang át tiếng nói người Right that time, I saw the king stepped up, voice his stentorian overwhelming sound of every one Lão tiến/nhảy lên bục, vị mục sư giảng đạo yêu cầu lão phát biểu ý kiến He progressed up to the platform, then the preacher asked him to raise his ideas Lão vui lòng làm He were pleased (not in the source text) did immediately Lão nói lão tên cướp biển, hoạt động ba mươi năm Ấn Độ Dương- mùa xuân vừa đồng bọn lão bị giết nhiều chiến đấu, lão phải nước để tuyển mộ thêm người mới, nhờ trời xui khiến, đêm qua lão bị trộm hết cả, lão xuống tàu thủy, lão khơng cịn xu dính túi; lão mừng chuyện này, cho điều may mắn, lão trở thành người hoàn toàn khác hẳn cảm thấy hạnh and when all the mourners had got up there to the front benches in a crowd, they sung, and shouted, and flung themselves down (ném mình) on the straw, just crazy and wild Well, the first I knowed the king got a-going, and you could hear him over everybody; √ √ and next he went a-charging up on to the platform, and the preacher he begged him to speak to the people, √ and he done it √ √ √ LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com lv phúc lần đời; dù nghèo nàn vậy, lão tìm cách trở lại Ấn Độ Dương dung quãng đời lại để thuyết phục bọn cướp biển trở với sống lương thiện; lão làm việc hiệu khác, lão quen biết tất bọn cướp Ấn Độ Dương; lão lâu đến nơi khơng có tiền bạc, lão đến nơi; sau này, lần thuyết phục tên cướp nào, lão nói: ―Đừng cám ơn ta, ta khơng làm ân nghĩa cho cả./đừng tán dương ta He said he was a pirate, used to work for thirty years in the Indian Ocean-spring last fellows of him were killed vetry many in a fight, so he had to return country to recruit people new, but thanks to goodness, night last he was robbed all, and when he got on the ship, he not had a pence left in pocket; he very happy about this, thought that it was extremely lucky, because now he became a person completely different and felt happy first time; though poor such, he also would found way to return to the Indian Ocean and would use lifetime left to convince the pirates to return to life honest; he could this effectively more than anyone else, because he knew all the pirates in the Indian Ocean, although still long to reach place that because there was no money, but then he would arrive; and if He told them he was a pirate - been a pirate for thirty years out in the Indian Ocean - and his crew was thinned out considerable last spring in a fight, and he was home now to take out some fresh men, and thanks to goodness he'd been robbed last night and put ashore off of a steamboat without a cent, and he was glad of it; it was the blessedest thing that ever happened to him, because he was a changed man now, and happy for the first time in his life; and, poor as he was, he was going to start right off (bắt đầu ngay) and work his way back to the Indian Ocean, and put in the rest of his life trying to turn the pirates into the true path; for he could it better than anybody else, being LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com lvi later, every time convincing a pirate, he would say: ―Do not thank me, I no favor for you‖ Tất công đức thuộc người dân thân mến hội lễ Parkville này, người anh em ruột thịt, kẻ cứu giúp cho nhân loại, mục sư đứng kia, người bạn chân thật mà tên cướp biển chưa có‖ All merits that belong people dear in the ceremony religious in Parkville, they are the siblings, who had saved human race entire, that is the preacher standing there, friend sincere most that a pirate never have had " Nói xong, lão bật lên tiếng khóc nức nở, người xung quanh thể Speaking finished, he burst into tears, and everyone around also Một người bọn họ nói to lên: One of them said loudly: ―Chúng ta tổ chức lạc quyên để giúp ông ta!‖ "Let us organize a charity happy to help him " Chừng năm sáu người sốt sắng muốn làm lạc quyên, người nói: ―Bảo ơng ta chuyền mũ để bỏ tiền vào đấy!‖ acquainted with all pirate crews in that ocean; and though it would take him a long time to get there without money, he would get there anyway, and every time he convinced a pirate he would say to him, "Don't you thank me, don't you give me no credit; √ it all belongs to them dear people in Pokeville campmeeting, natural brothers and benefactors of the race, and that dear preacher there, the truest friend a pirate ever had!" And then he busted into tears, and so did everybody √ Then somebody sings out, "Take up a collection for him, take up a collection!" √ LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com lvii About five to six people seemed eager to right the charity, but one said: "Tell him to pass the hat for us to put money into it " Mọi người đồng ý, nhà vua Everyone agreed, also the king as well Thế nhà vua lịng vịng đám đơng, cầm mũ nơi tay, tay quệt nước mắt, miệng không ngớt ca tụng cám ơn người có lịng tốt giúp cho tên cướp biển xa xôi Then the king went around the crowd, holding hat at hand, the other hand (not in the source text) wiping away tears, mouth constantly praising and thanking every people that had intention good helping pirates distant Chốc chốc lại có gái xinh đẹp, nước mắt ràn rụa, xin hân hạnh hôn lão để nhớ đến lão mãi; điều lão ln ln sẵn sàng, có người lão ơm đến năm, sáu lượt- người ta mời lão tuần lễ; người mong muốn lão chiếu cố đến chung với họ, cho điều hân hạnh lớn lao; lão nói lão tiếc khơng thể chiều lịng họ hơm ngày cuối hội lễ, lão nóng lịng đến Ấn Độ Dương để thuyết phục tên cướp biển Well, a half a dozen made a jump (đi lên) to it, but somebody sings out, "Let him pass the hat around!" √ Then everybody said it, the preacher too √ √ So the king went all through the crowd with his hat swabbing his eyes, and blessing the people (cầu chúa phù hộ cho:not translated) and praising them and thanking them for being so good to the poor (not translated) pirates away off there; √ √ LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com lviii Every few minutes there was a girl very beautiful, tears running down, asking permison to kiss him one to remember him forever; about this, he always was ready, there was person he embraced and kissed five, seven times – people invited him to stay a week, everyone wanted him to a favor staying with them, thinking that it was an honor great, but he said he was very sorry he could not satify them because that was the day last of the ceremony religious, moreover he also earnest to go to Indian Ocean right to convince the pirates and every little while the prettiest kind of girls, with the tears running down their cheeks, would up (not translated) and ask him would he let them kiss him for to remember him by; and he always done it; and some of them he hugged and kissed as many as five or six times - and he was invited to stay a week; and everybody wanted him to live in their houses, and said they'd think it was an honor; but he said as this was the last day of the camp-meeting he couldn't no good, and besides he was in a sweat to get to the Indian Ocean right off and go to work on the pirates Khi trở xuồng, lão đem số tiền vừa thu đếm tính tất tám mươi bảy đô la, bảy mươi lăm xu When we returned boat, he brought the amount of money just collected to count and he calculated eighty-seven dollars, seventy-five cennts Ngoài lão ―nẫng nhẹ‖ thêm thùng rượu chứa chừng mười hai lít whisky, tìm thấy xe ngựa đường bè xuyên qua khu rừng Besides he also swiped more a jug of wine containing about ten liters of whiskey, found under a wagon on the way returning to the raft through the forest √ When we got back to the raft (bè) and he come to count up he found he had collected eighty-seven dollars and seventy-five cents √ And then he had fetched away a three-gallon jug of whisky, too, that he found under a wagon when he was starting home through the LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com lix woods Nhà vua nói rằng, tính chung tất √ cả, lão kiếm nhiều lúc nghề thuyết giáo lão The king said that, counting all, he The king said, take it all had earned more than any time in around, it laid over any day the career of preaching of him he'd ever put in in the missionarying (truyền giáo) line Lão bảo chẳng cần tổ chức hội lễ cho bọn cướp bể cả, nói chuyện với bọn vơ đạo vơ ích mà thơi He said that no need to organize He said it warn't no use ceremony any for the pirates, talking, heathens don't because talking with guys bad also amount to shucks alongside useless of pirates to work a campmeeting with Quận công cho làm ăn khấm khá, nhà vua trở với số tiền kiếm lớn khơng cịn tự hào trước The duke also thought that he earned well, but when the king The duke was thinking he‘d returned with money earned quite been doing pretty well till the big, he was no longer so proud as king come to show up, but before after that he didn't think so so much Hắn vận động in thuê hai quảng cáo mua bán ngựa cho nông dân với giá tiền bốn đô la He has campaigned to print two advertisements buying and selling horses for the farmers at the cost of four dollars Ngồi ra, cịn thu tiền rao vặt mặt báo trị giá mười He had set up and printed off two little jobs for farmers in that printing-office - horse bills - and took the money, four dollars √ LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com lx đô la, lấy bốn đô la thôi, người ta chịu trả tiền trước Besides, he also earned money advertisements on newspaper worth ten dollars, but he only took only four dollars, if people agreed to pay him in advance And he had got in ten dollars' worth of advertisements for the paper, which he said he would put in for four dollars if they would pay in advance,so they done it Giá tiền mua báo hai đô la năm, thu thành ba kỳ, kỳ nửa đô la thôi, với điều kiện họ trả tiền trước The price of buying papers was two dollars a year, but he collected three periods, each period half a dollar on the condition they pay in advance Người ta đòi trả cho vật, củi gỗ hành tỏi thường lệ, bảo vừa mua lại xưởng in nên phải đưa giá hạ đến mức tối thiểu để có tiền mặt trả chi phí điều hành./ yêu cầu trả tiền mặt People required paying him in kind, (not in the source text) such as firewood and garlic as usual, but he said that he had just bought a shop print so he had to give price lowering at level minimum to get the cash to pay all costs administrative Hắn sáng tác thơ (ngắn)…ba câu, ướt át, bi thảm, nhan đề là: ―Hỡi gian lạnh lùng kia, dẫm nát trái tim The price of the paper was two dollars a year, but he took in three subscriptions for half a dollar apiece on condition of them paying him in advance; √ √ √ they were going to pay in cordwood and onions as usual, but he said he had just bought the concern and knocked down the price as low as he could afford it, and was going to run it for cash √ LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com lxi ta!‖ sẵn sàng để đem in mặt báo, không lấy tiền thơ He also composed a poem three sentences, seemed emotional, tragic, titled: "Oh world cold, just crushes my heart!"ready to print on the report, but he did not charge on the poem Hắn thu chín la rưỡi, cho hồn tất cơng việc cách lương thiện ngày hôm He earned nine and a half dollars, and thought that he had completed work fairly honest in the day Sau cùng, đưa cáo thị vừa in xong khơng tính tiền cáo thị dành riêng cho chúng tơi sử dụng Finally, he put out a government notice had just printed but not charged because government notice that was for us to use Trên cáo thị có hình vẽ tên da đen bỏ trốn, với bị buộc vào gậy vác lên vai, dòng chữ: ―200 đô la tiền thưởng‖ On government notice that had a picture a nigger running away, with a bag tied to stick was carried on the shoulder, under the words: "$ 200 reward" Tờ cáo thị viết Jim, mơ tả rõ chi tiết, nói chạy trốn khỏi đồn điền St.Jacques New Orleans bốn mươi dặm, vào mùa đông trước, He set up a little piece of poetry, which he made, himself, out of his own head - three verses - kind of sweet and saddish - the name of it was, "Yes, crush, cold world, this breaking heart" - and he left that all set up and ready to print in the paper, and didn't charge nothing for it √ Well, he took in nine dollars and a half, and said he'd done a pretty square day's work for it √ Then he showed us another little job he'd printed and hadn't charged for, because it was for us √ It had a picture of a runaway nigger with a bundle on a stick over his shoulder, and "$200 reward" under it LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com lxii có lẽ phía Bắc, bắt đưa trở thưởng bù lại phí tổn Government notice that wrote about Jim, described him every detail, saying that he ran away from plantation in St.Jacques below New Orleans forty miles, in the winter last, and probably went to the north, who catch him and bring him back will be awarded and compensated all costs ―Bây giờ‖, quận công nói, ―sau đêm nay, ban ngày muốn "Now, " the duke said, "After tonight, we can go in daytime, if desired Khi thấy đến, ta việc trói thằng Jim lại dây thừng, đưa cáo thị ra, nói bắt phía sơng, q nghèo khơng tàu thủy nên phải mượn bạn hữu bè để mang lĩnh thưởng When seeing anyone coming, we just tied Jim by rope, and then give this government notice out, saying that we caught him in direction above river, but because poor so could not go by ship so had to borrow friends raft this to bring him to get award Giá trói xích cịng kiểu hơn, lại khơng phù hợp với câu chuyện nói nghèo khổ The reading was all about Jim, and just described him to a dot It said he run away from St Jacques' plantation, forty mile below New Orleans, last winter, and likely went north, and whoever would catch him and send him back he could have the reward and expenses "Now," says the duke, "after to-night we can run in the daytime if we want to √ √ Whenever we see anybody coming we can tie Jim hand and foot with a rope, and lay him in the wigwam and show this handbill and say we captured him up the river, and were too poor to travel on a steamboat, so we got this little raft on credit from our friends and are going down to get the reward √ LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com lxiii If tied him with chains and handcuffs is correct type more, but such is not consistent with story that we are so poor Vậy, dây thừng đắn rồi…bao phải tôn trọng luật đồng người ta thường nói sân khấu‖ So, the rope is thing correct most always must respect law of unity as people often say on stage " Chúng cho quận công thật khôn ngoan, chúng tơi ban ngày mà khơng gặp khó khăn We all thought that the duke was very wise, and that we could go in daytime without encountering difficulty any Chúng bàn với cần phải nhiều dặm đường vào đêm hơm để tránh náo động xảy hoạt động quận cơng xưởng in, sau chúng tơi muốn đâu We discussed each other need have to go many miles way at night that to be able to avoid troubles would happen due to activites of the duke in the shop print, then we would go anywhere we want Handcuffs and chains would look still better on Jim, but it wouldn't go well with the story of us being so poor Too much like jewelry (not translated) Ropes are the correct thing we must preserve the unities, as we say on the boards." We all said the duke was pretty smart, and there couldn't be no trouble about running daytimes We judged we could make miles enough that night to get out of the reach of the powwow we reckoned the duke's work in the printing office was going to make in that little town; then we could boom right along if we wanted to Chúng nằm ẹp xuống, tuyệt đối giữ im lặng, khơng dám ló đầu mười đêm, lúc bè chúng tơi trôi xa khỏi thị trấn, chưa dám treo đèn lên cho đến khuất LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com lxiv hẳn We laid low, absolutely kept silence, not daring to show heads until ten o'clock at night, then raft our drifted quite far from the town, but still not dared ro hang the light up until went completely out of sight Khi Jim đánh thức dậy để canh gác lúc bốn sáng,hắn nói với tơi: When Jim woke me up to guard at four o'clock morning, he told me: ―Huck này, cậu có nghĩ gặp thêm vua chúa chuyến hay không?‖ "Huck, you think that we'll see more kings in trip this or not?" ―Khơng‖, tơi nói ―Chắc không‖ "No, " I said "Probably not " ―Thế "That is right We laid low and kept still, and never shoved out till nearly ten o'clock; then we slid by, pretty wide away from the town, and didn't hoist our lantern till we was clear out of sight of it When Jim called me to take the watch at four in the morning, he says: "Huck, does you reck'n we gwyne to run acrost any mo' kings on dis trip?" "No," I says, "I reckon not." "Well," says he, "dat's all right, den Một hai ông vua tớ chịu One or two kings I can still bear I doan' mine one er two kings, Nhưng đủ But that was very enough but dat's enough Lão vua say bí tỉ cịn lão quận cơng chẳng gì‖ King this is drunk and the duke is also no better than " Dis one's powerful drunk, en de duke ain' much better." Có lúc tơi thấy thằng Jim cố dụ cho nhà vua nói tiếng Pháp để nghe thể nào, nhà vua LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com lxv bảo lão lìa xa xứ sở lâu rồi, gặp nhiều khó khăn, nên lão quên hết tiếng Pháp Sometimes I saw Jim try to get the king speak French to listen how, but the king said he left away country long very, and met so many difficulties, so he forgot all French I found Jim had been trying to get him to talk French, so he could hear what it was like; but he said he had been in this country so long, and had so much trouble, he'd forgot it LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com ... Huck to use phrase ? ?by and by? ?? in his narration and adjective ―considerable‖ to denote meaning ―a lot‖ by and by- I took the watch, and Jim he laid down and snored away and by -and- by the storm... profiles, the quality of the translation can be evaluated The more the TT‘s textual profile and its function are equal to those of the ST, the better the translation is An analysis of the text... (Field, Mode and Tenor) and Genre This study aims to apply House‘s Model on Mark Twain‘s ? ?The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn? ?? -chapter XX and its Vietnamese translation by Xuân Oanh (2009) It can be