KHOA HOC KINH T l VA QUAN LY NGANH MO >? PHAT TRIEN NGANH THAN VIET NAM - CAN CO CACH TIEP CAN MQfl VA TIT DUY MCTI PGS.TS N G U Y E N C A N H NAM Hgi Khoa hge va Cong nghe Mo Viet Nam Quan diem Than la loai nhien lieu hda thach tao hda sinh ra, la loai nang lu-png truyin t h i n g (vi da khai thac va SLP dung lau ddi rli), ban than hdn than khdng cd loi gi ea, ma cac tac dpng x i u ddi vdi mdi tru-dng va xa hpi gay bdi viee khai thae, su- dung than suy cho cung la eon ngu-di De phat huy gia trj SLP dung cua than phuc vu tfch eu-c phat t r i l n kinh tl-xa hpi, dam bao an ninh nang lu-png qude gia boi canh hpi nhap va cude ehiln chong b l l n d i i hau, bao ve mdi tru-dng ddi hdi viec khai thac va SLP dung than khdng t h i theo each truyin t h i n g ma phai doi mdi n h i m dap Cpng yeu c i u than thien vdi mdi tru-dng, thieh Cpng vdi b i i n d i i khf hau, tang tru-dng xanh va phat triln b i n vu-ng Phai tuan thu ehfnh sach eoi tai nguyen than la nguin lu-c quan trpng dam bao an ninh nang lu-png q u i c gia, phuc vu phat triln kinh t l - x a hpi, dd phai khai thac tan thu t i i da tai nguyen than, theo dd coi viec giam ton that than qua trinh khai thae la mpt nhiem vu phat triln nguon tai nguyen than, n h i t la boi eanh nguin tai nguyen than nudc han e h l so vdi nhu e i u than eua nen kinh t l cang tang cao (tu-ang tu- nhu ndng nghiep tang cu-dng k h i c phue ton t h i t sau thu hoach) Phai xac djnh ehi phf ca hpi tren ca sd so sanh vdi eae nu-de nhap k h i u than d l xay du-ng chfnh sach cho viee khai thae than nu-dc theo hudng dam bao su- on djnh cua khai thac than nudc k i t hap vdi nhap k h i u than va d i u t u nude ngoai khai thac than d mCpc hap ly phu hpp vdi tCpng giai doan n h i m dam bSo dap LPng nhu d u than mpt each ben v&ng Di ddi vdi doi nidi, hien dai hda edng nghe kliai thac, e h l bien than c i n phai dong thdi doi mdi, hien dai hda cdng nghe SLP dung than theo hudng san xuat saeh han, than thien vdi mdi trudng tren ca s d giam t h i l u tac ddng x i u M CONG NGHIEP MO S - tdi mdi t r u d n g , nhat la khf thai gay hieu u-ng nha kfnh Phai cd s u hpp tac, hpp lu-c chat che giiJ-a cac dan vj san x u i t than va eae dan vj SLP dung than nude nham nang cao nang lu-c, trach nhiem va hieu qua viee nhap khau than va d i u t u nudc ngoai khai thac than du-a v l phuc vu nhu d u nu-dc Muc tieu va yeu cau Muc tieu san lu-png than du-pe xac djnh theo nguyen t i c va tieu chi dam bao an ninh nang lupng q u i c gia la dap Cpng du nhu d u than cua n l n kinh t l mdt each on djnh va b i n vu-ng dai han vdi mCpc gia hpp ly, theo dd muc tieu san lupng than dupc xac djnh la; • Tong san lupng: TSL= SLKTTN+SLNK=NCCNKTQD (1) Trong dd: TSL - Tong san lu-png; SLKTTN - San lupng khai thac nudc; SLNK San lupng nhap k h i u (bao g i m ea d i u tu- nude ngoai khai thae than dua v l nude); NCCNKTQD - Nhu d u eua n l n kinh t l q u i c dan; • San lupng than nu-dc; SLKTTN=SLMGTT+SLMGTC=TSLTTN (2) Tai day: SLKTTN San lupng than nu-dc; SLMGTT San lupng cac md than gia t h i p , c h i t lupng t i t khai thac d i n mCpc t i i da; SLMGTC San lupng eae md than gia cao, c h i t lupng t h i p khai thac d mCpc t i i thieu; TSLTTN Tong san lupng than nu-de gim cac Chung loai phu hpp vdi nhu c i u va ed gia hpp ly; • San lupng than nhap khau va khai thac tCf nu-dc ngoai dua v l nude khdng the ndi mdt each chung ehung ma phai dupe xac djnh rd la bang mCpc vLPa dap Cpng nhu e i u cua cac hp SLP dung true t i l p than nhap khau, n h i t la cac nha may nhiet dien than, vCpa dap Cpng t? le pha trdn, che b i i n vdi than khai thae nudc de dap Cpng du ve lupng, chung loai vdi gia ca hap ly ddi vdi KHOA HOC KINH TE VA QUAN LY NGANH MO phan nhu c i u cdn lai Tren ca s d dd xac djnh ro ngudn than nhap k h i u va n g u i n than khai thac tLP nudc ngoai, k l hoach va t l chCpc thu-e hien; • D l tang san lupng than khai thac nude vdi mCpc gia hpp ly, ngoai cac bien phap giam chi phi cua ban than cac doanh nghiep san x u i t than, Nha nudc d n phai xem xet mien giam t h u l tai nguyen, t l l n e i p q u y l n khai thac va trp gia than phu hpp vdi tCrng thdi ky nhu se d l xuat dudi day Nhu vay, n l u nhu tru-dc day muc tieu san luang dat la: TSLKT=SLTTTN+SLXK (3) Trong dd; TSLKT T i n g san lupng khai thac; SLTTTN - San lupng tieu thu nu-de (tu-c dap LPng nhu ciu); SLXK - San lupng xuit khau; thi bay gid la: TSLDUNC=SLKTTN+SLNK (4) Trong dd; TSLDUNC T i n g san lupng dap Cpng nhu c i u ; SLKTTN San lupng khai thae nudc; SLNK - San lupng nhap khiu (bao g i m ea san lupng khai thac d nudc ngoai) Dieu dd ddi hdi phai eoi viec nhap khiu than va dau tu- nudc ngoai khai thae than la mpt nhiem vu phat trien than va d n b l tri cac nguin luc cung nhu to chCpc bp may d l thue hien gilng nhu khai thae than nudc Tren tinh t h i n dd nhiem vu phat triln nguin tai nguyen than g i m npi dung la; > D i u tu tim kilm, tham dd, nang c i p ngudn tai nguyen than nudc; > Dau tu giam ton t h i t than qua trinh khai thae than d nude; > D i u tu nghien CCPU, tim kilm, danh gia cac ngudn than d nudc ngoai phuc vu cho nhap khiu than va dau tu nudc ngoai khai thae than Djnh hu'O'ng phat trien 3.1 Giai phap tang ewang cong tae quan trj tai nguyen than Tang cudng cdng tac quan trj tai nguyen than theo hu-dng kien djnh vdi mue tieu; nam chac tai nguyen, khai thac hpp ly, hieu qua va tan thu t i l da tai nguyen Tap trung vao cac van de: > Khin truang khac phue cac vudng mac d l d i y nhanh viec c i p phep tham dd; khae phue nhu-ng b i t cap, ehing l i n mpt s l quy hoach cua dja phuang gay can trd d i i vdi viec thu-c hien quy hoach than, nhit la tai Quang Ninh nham tao d l l u kien trien khai kjp thdi cac hoat ddng tham dd, khai thae phin tai nguyen, tru- lupng than dang bj vudng cac quy hoach cua dja phuang; > Nang cao e h i t lupng c i p phep tham dd, c i p phep khai thac; tang cudng cdng tac kiem tra, tra, giam sat cac hoat ddng tham dd, khai thac, kinh doanh than theo dung quy hoach phat t r i l n than da phe duyet va quy djnh cua phap luat nham dam bao thuc hien d u p e cac muc tieu; khai thac va SLP dung than hpp ly, t i l t kiem, cd hieu qua; > Kien quyit khac phuc triet d l cac hoat ddng khai thac, kinh doanh than trai phep dudi mpi hinh thu-c; > Hoan thien quy djnh ve xac djnh trij- lupng than mpt khoang sang (md) tuan thu nguyen t i e tan thu t i i da tai nguyen, khac phuc triet d l tinh trang ch? khai thac phan tru- lupng tit, bd lai p h i n tru- lupng x i u (khd khai thac va chit lu-png thip) va phu hpp vdi dae d i l m cua n l n kinh t l thj trudng (gia ca thudng xuyen bien ddng lam cho hieu qua kinh t l eua tai nguyen than tang, giam theo, tham chi cd khdng); > Xay dung, ban hanh kip thdi van ban quy djnh ve quan ly ton t h i t than qua trinh khai thac, c h i b i i n than ndi rieng va quan tri tai nguyen than ndi chung mpt each chat che Ndi dung quy djnh bao g i m ; phuang phap xac djnh ton t h i t than; ty le ton than t i i da eho phep; to chCpc tra, kiem tra, giam sat viec thuc hien; cdng tac t h i n g ke, bao eao, tong k i t danh gia k i t qua thu-c hien; 3.2 Giai phap day manh diu tw tham mgt each ha'p ly Day manh d i u tu tham dd mpt each hpp ly, phu hpp vdi tCpng giai doan va nang cao chit lupng (mCpc dp tin eay) cua edng tae tham dd n h i m thue liien muc tieu nam chac tai nguyen Trudc mat giai doan gia than suy giam manh; > Chi tap trung d i u tu tham dd tai eae khu vuc cd tai nguyen tit, dieu kien khai thae thuan Ipi, k i t c i u t i n g cd s i n d l phue vu nhu c i u khai thae k l hoach ngin han va trung han; > Tam thdi hoan hoac gian t l l n dp d i u tu tham dd d cac khu vuc ed diiu kien khai thac khd khan, gia eao hoac ehua xac dinh dupc cdng nghe khai thac; > D i i vdi b l than Dong bang Sdng Hing eh? tilp tue tham dd sau cd khai thac thCp nghiem cd k i t qua kha quan, xac djnh dupe cdng nghe khai thae hpp ly, dam bao an toan va mdi trudng; > Thay vao dd danh nguon luc tranh thu giai doan gia than re tren thj trudng t h i gidi tang cudng nhap khau than vCpa dap Cpng nhu c i u , vCpa lap kho du tru- (tuang tu nhu nhilu nudc nhap khiu d i u lap kho du tru- d i u ) va eoi dd la mdt phuang thCpc phat triln "nguon tai nguyen than mdi" de d l nghj Nha nudc cd ehinh sach hd tra phu hap, nhit la h i trp tai chinh va lap kho du trOthan Coi cae kho du tru- than nhap khiu la "cae CONG NGHllP MO S - KHOA HOC KINH TE VA QUAN LY NGANH MO md than nhan tao" vi lau dai than nhap k h i u la nguon ehfnh dap Cpng nhu d u cua nen kinh te q u i c dan; > Ve lau dai tap trung day manh cdng tae tham dd B l than Ddng Bac nham nang d p tai nguyen, tru- luang than tCp mCre -300 m trd len va ehuan xae tai nguyen, trCi- lupng than dudi mCrc -300 m d l chuin bj du tru lupng va tai nguyen than tin cay phue vu huy dpng vao khai thac theo Quy hoach da duyet cung nhu g i i d i u cho ky quy hoach t i l p theo; > Kien quyit tim each nang eao chit lupng tham dd theo dung phuang cham "dam bao dp tin cay eao la s l 1" n h i m nang cao mCpc dp tin cay eua tru- lupng huy ddng vao lap du an, thilt ke, d i u tu-, khai thac d l giam rui ro cho qua trinh d i u tu, thdng qua dd giam ehi phi, d i y nhanh t i i n dp thi cdng xay dung md, dam bao cdng suit thilt k l va nang eao hieu qua dau tu 3.3 Giai phap diy manh dau tw doi mai, hien dai hoa eong nghe Day manh d i u t u d i i mdi, hien dai hda cdng nghe nham nang cao nang s u i t lao ddng (NSLD), e h i t lupng san pham, giam tieu hao vat t u va ton t h i t tai nguyen qua trinh khai thac; > Tang eudng thue hien doi mdi cdng nghe, nang cao trinh dp ea gidi hda, n i i i t la ea gidi hda ddng bd khai thac than ham Id va cdng nghe c h i b i i n than mpt each hieu qua han, chu dpng han tren tinh t h i n doi mdi t u duy, d i i mdi each lam theo hudng thay vi chu y l u dua vao nhap khau t h i l t bj chuyen sang tu- chu san x u i t , e h l tao t h i l t bj tren ca sd hpp tac chat che vdi eae d i i tac nude thdng qua phuang thCpc xa hdi hda d i u t u va vdi cae ddi tac nudc ngoai thdng qua phuang thu-c cung hpp tac d i u tu e h l tao t h i l t bj tai Viet Nam; > Nghien CCPU ap dung cac giai phap cdng nghe khai thac tai nguyen, tru- lupng than dudi cac cdng trinh tren b l mat d n bao ve, eae khu vu-c chLPa nudc dam bao an toan, hieu qua va bao ve mdi trudng; > Nghien eCpu cac giai phap cdng nghe khai thae phu hap, dam bao an toan va hieu qua de xem xet huy dpng p h i n tai nguyen, trU lupng than khu vu-c d m hoat dpng khoang san, khu vuc tam thdi e i m hoat dpng khoang san theo quy djnh; > Cung vdi su- phat trien cua khoa hpc va edng nghe d n tan dung toi da kha nang khai thac Id thien d cae khu vuc md cd dieu kien cho phep de tan thu toi da tai nguyen than; CONG NGHIEP MO S - 2017 > Tang cudng nghien CCPU khai thac tan thu khoang san di kem va thu hdi, tai che cac chat thai cua qua trinh khai thac than vu-a giam thieu c h i t thai, giam t h i l u tac ddng mdi trudng va khai thac tan thu t i i da tai nguyen; > Day manh nghien CCPU Cj-ng dung cdng nghe tuyen tan thu than tCf x? thai va bun than cua cac nha may sang, tuyen than; ^ ^ > Phan dau d i n nam 2020 giam ty le ton that than khai thac ham Id xuong 20 % va sau nam 2020 dudi 20 %, ty le ton t h i t than khai thac 16 thien x u i n g % va sau nam 2020 du-di % nhumue tieu da d l Quy hoach Than 403/2016 3.4 Giai phap tang cwang eong tac dam bao an toan lao dgng Tang cudng cac cdng tac dam bao an toan lao ddng theo tinh t h i n kien djnh vdi muc tieu "tai nan bang khdng": > Trudc h i t phai nhan thCpc r i n g cdng tac dam bao an toan ddng vai trd h i t SCPC quan trpng viec tri, on djnh va phat t r i l n nhan lu-c nganh than, dac biet la dpi ngu thp Id Day manh thuc hien van hda thp md "An toan la s l 1"; > Xay dung he t h i n g (bd may va nhan lu-c) lam cdng tac an toan, ve sinh lao dpng (ATVSLD) phu hpp vdi quy md, d i i u kien hoat ddng san x u i t cua tCpng md va toan nganh nhim nang eao hieu qua cdng tac quan ly, k i l m tra, giam sat an toan lao ddrig; > Tang eudng mpi no luc d l ap dung cac giai phap hij-u hieu nham k i l m soat dupe cac y l u to rui ro gay m i t an toan qua trinh khai thac than nhu chay no khi, phut khf, buc nudc, sap Id, trupt Id t i n g , sat Id bai thai, n l min, dien giat va cac y l u t l cd hai nhu ndng, bui, on, rung, hoa c h i t dpe hai, bCpc xa, de tCp dd co bien phap phdng tranh phu hpp va giam thilu t6i da tai nan lao ddng, hudng tdi muc tieu "tai nan b i n g khdng"; > Khdng ngCfng day manh mpi hoat ddng va cac giai phap nang cao nhan thCpc eua ngudi lao dpng, ngudi SLP dung lao ddng v l cdng tac an toan, nang eao y thCpc c h i p hanh quy trinh ky thuat, quy pham va bien phap an toan, ky luat lao ddng eua ngudi lao dpng, n h i t la thp ham 16 3.5 Giai phap tang cwang cong tae bao ve moi trwang (BVMT) va u'ng vai bien doi hau TLP kinh nghiem thuc t l phdng chong tran mu-a lu ljch SLP d Quang Ninh nam 2015 cho t h i y day la mdt nhu-ng nhiem^vu c h i i n lu-pc quan dam bao su phat trien b i n vOng (PTBV) CLia nganh than Theo tinh t h i n dd e i n day manh nghien CLPU, thilt k l , xay du-ng cac giai phap ddng KHOA HOC KINH TE VA QUAN LY NGANH MO bd phu hpp vdi dieu kien tu- nhien, dja hinh, thdi t i l t va dja chat thuy van d tCpng vung md d l ehu ddng Crng phd mdt each hieu qua d i i vdi cac tac ddng cua b l l n doi hau, cu t h i la: > D i i vdi cae md hien cd c i n nghien CCPU, thiet k l bo sung cac giai phap u-ng phd vdi tae dpng cua cac hien tupng thdi t i l t cu-c doan nhu mua, bao Idn dai ngay, lu quet, v.v D i n nam 2020, ben canh viec SCP dung bang tai thay t h i d td van chuyln ngoai md, t i l p tuc doi mdi d i n g bp thilt bj md theo hudng tien t l l n , cdng s u i t Idn d l tang nang s u i t , giam phat thai; thuc hien d i n g bp cac giai phap t i l t kiem nang lupng; SLP dung thule n l tien t l l n it phat thai niia kinh; thuc hien cac giai phap giam nha kinh md thai mdi trudng; > o l i vdi cae md mdi tCf d i u t h i l t k l phai tinh d i n cac giai phap u-ng phd vdi cac tac ddng cua b l l n doi hau, k l ea nguy ea ngap nudc nudc bien dang; > D i u t u trang thilt bi, chuan bj lue lupng, xay dung phuang an s i n sang Cpng phd vdi mua bao, ngap lut, sat Id d i t va cac tinh h u l n g thien tai khac; > Tang eudng dau t u d l giam t h i l u va t l l n tdi ngan chan cac tae ddng xau eua hoat dpng khai thac, e h l b i i n , kinh doanh than doi vdi mdi trudng Dae biet, day manh ap dung cdng nghe sach va ehiln luac san x u i t saeh han theo hudng tang trudng xanh 3.6 Giai phap tang cwang diu tw phat trien va nang cao ehit Iworng nguon nhan Iwe Tang cudng d i u t u phat t r i l n va nang cao c h i t lupng nguon nhan luc; ed chinh sach, bien phap thich dang thu hut thp Id; > Xay dung dpi ngu can bd, edng nhan lao ddng nganh than ed c h i t lupng cao, du v l s l lupng vdi ca e i u hpp ly phu hpp vdi yeu c i u cua tCpng doanh nghiep Dae biet tap trung d i u tu dao tao cdng nhan h i m Id c h i t lupng eao va khin truang xay du-ng, to chu-c thuc hien chuang trinh, k l hoach dao tao dpi ngu can bd, edng nhan ky thuat (CNKT) d i n g bd va lanh n g h i phuc vu cho ehiln lupe d i u t u nudc ngoai khai thac than; > C h i t lupng dpi ngu can bd, cdng nhan dupc tuan thu thuc hien theo"Cdng thCpc nhan tai 3C" cua GS Dave Ultrich, dd la: "Nhan tai=Nang lu-cxCam k I t x C i n g h i l n " (Competence, Commitment, Contribution); > Phat trien ngudn nhan lue tren ca sd thue hien ddng bp cac giai phap eho t i t ca cac khau tLP t u y i n dung, dao tao-bli duang, b l tri, SLP dung, danh gia, dai ngp; > Phan d i u d i n nam 2020, nang s u i t lao dpng binh quan theo san lupng quy doi dat khoang 555 t i n than/ngudi-nam; nam 2025 khoang 640 t i n than/ngudi-nam; nam 2030 khoang 740 t i n than/ngudi-nam nhu da d l D l an Tai ca d u nganh than Viet Nam phue vu s u nghiep edng nghiep hda, hien dai hda va phat trien b i n vu-ng giai doan den nam 2020, t i m nhin d i n nam 2030 phe duyet tai Q u y i t djnh s l 12750/2015/QD-BCT 20/11/2015 cua Bd Cdng Thuang; > Nha nudc can kjp thdi d i i u chinh, bo sung ca che, chinh sach t l l n luang, eham sdc su-c khde, phuc lpi xa hdi, nha d d l thu hut lao ddng vao lam viec tai eae md than, dac biet la lao dpng lam viec cac md than h i m Id 3.7 Giai phip tang ewang hap ly hda san xuat va eong tae quan trj ehi phi Tang cudng hpp ly hda san x u i t va cdng tac quan trj ehi phi de tan dung t i i da tai nguyen than, giam tieu hao vat t u , nang cao nang s u i t lao ddng, giam chi phi tren ea s d giam t h i t thoat, lang phf SLP dung vat t u , giam ton kho, quay nhanh vdng v i n : > Can CCP vao nhu c i u than cua thj trudng va dac d i l m tai nguyen than cua tCpng md, tCpng vung xay dung k l hoach khai thae va pha trdn than hpp ly tren pham vi tCrng vung va toan vung Quang Ninh d l tan dung t i i da cac nguin than cd c h i t lupng t h i p , ham lupng luu huynh eao va gia cao, n h i t la than vung m i l n Tay Quang Ninh; > Trong giai doan trudc m i t gia than tren thj trudng the gidi ehua phuc h i i , edn t h i p c i n xem xet giam san lupng mpt each hpp ly tai cac md cd gia cao, e h i t lupng than t h i p (tuang t u nhu nganh d i u khf cac nudc va cua nudc ta hien dang doi phd vdi gia dau giam qua t h i p ) Ddng thdi tranh thu day manh nhap k h i u than chat luang tot, gia re d l pha trpn vdi than nudc va lap kho than du tru- lau dai nhu da neu tren; > Tang cudng cdng tae quan tri mdt each dong bd d t i t ca cac cdng doan eua qua trinh d i u t u tLP khau ehuan bj d i u t u , thue hien d i u tu, san x u i t va tieu thu san p h i m , quan ly k i t qua kinh doanh; > Hoan thien, doi mdi he t h i n g quan trj va khoan chi phi theo cdng doan; tang cudng ap dung cac giai phap thich hpp d l quan ly chat che phuang tien van chuyln than md va tren dudng tieu thu; giam ton kho san pham va vat t u ; CONG NGHllP MO S - 2017 KHOA HOC KINH T l VA QUAN LY NGANH MO > T h i l t lap mdt he t h i n g hD-u hieu cac quy trinh, phuang phap nhan dang, danh gia, phdng ngCpa, XLP ly rui ro cac edng doan san x u i t than theo md hinh quan trj rui ro "Hai phdng t u y i n , b i n nhdm giai phap", dd Phdng t u y i n gom nhdm giai phap phdng ngCpa rui ro va nhdm giai phap khac phu rui ro rui ro xay va Phdng t u y i n gdm nhdm giai phap phdng ngCpa thiet hai rui ro xay va nhdm giai phap khac phuc thiet hai xay rui ro 3.8 Giai phap giam thue, phi mgt each hap ly Nha nudc xem xet giam t h u l , phi mdt each hpp ly phu hpp vdi dae diem eua khai thac than VLPa d l tao d l l u kien cho nganh than cd lpi nhuan du trich lap quy d i u tu phat t r i l n , vCpa khuyin khich khai thac tan thu t i i da tai nguyen theo dung chinh saeh ve khai thac tai nguyen khoang san Cu t h i nhu da neu tren, theo tfnh toan OH than 403/2016 gia than giai doan tdi la (ngan d/T): nam 2016; 1.532; nam 2020; 1.611; nam 2025; 1.718; nam 2030; 1.918 Mdt nhO-ng nguyen nhan ehinh lam tang gia la chinh sach t h u l , phi tang cao Do vay, d l nghj Nha nudc xem xet: (1) Bd quy djnh v l thu t i i n d p quyen khai thac (vi trung lap vdi t h u l tai nguyen va cae nudc khdng thu khoan nay); (2) Giam t h u l tai nguyen doi vdi than bang mCpc chenh lech giu-a gia binh quan da tinh theo QH 403/2016 va gia ban than thuc t l binh quan eung ky Theo tinh t h i n dd, vi du n l u so vdi gia ban binh quan nam 2015 (1.522 ngan d/t) thi mCpc giam t h u l tai nguyen binh quan tren t i n than se nhu sau; nam 2016: 10 ngan d/tin; d i n nam 2020 tang dan len 89 ngan d/tIn; d i n nam 2025 tang d i n len 196 ngan d/tin va d i n nam 2030 tang d i n len d i n 396 ngan d/t Luu y rang vi tinh toan neu tren la so giu-a gia va gia ban binh quan cho nen tren thuc te v i n cd p h i n san luang ed gia t h i p han gia ban cua ehung, vay p h i n t h u l tai nguyen duae giam theo tinh toan tren day se ch? phan bo cho p h i n san lupng than cd gia cao han gia ban tuang Cpng vdi mCpc chenh lech giu-a gia va gia ban cua ehung Trong trudng hpp, n l u mCpc giam t h u l chua bu dap du p h i n gia cao han gia ban thi Nha nudc xem xet trp gia than can CCP vao gia trj kinh te lien nganh cua than xet tren pham vi n l n kinh t l q u i e dan (so vdi nhap khau thi khai thac than nudc cd lpi la dam bao chu ddng cung Cpng than dap Cpng nhu e i u mpi hoan eanh, tao viec lam nganh than va eae nganh eung c i p d i u vao cho san x u i t than, t i l t kiem ngoai te nhap k h i u than, ) CONG NGHllP MO S - 3.9 Giai phap eo phin hoa Nha nudc c i n xem xet hoan thien chu tru-ang CO p h i n hda (CPH) doi vdi DNNN khai thac than Md hinh cdng ty co p h i n la md hinh cd nhieu uu d i l m va b l l n n h i t hien tren t h i gidi Tuy nhien, d l phat huy hieu qua cua md hinh ddi hdi chu s d hu-u v i n (co ddng) cua cdng ty phai la cac chu dich thu-c Hien nay, dai dien chu sd hu-u von nha n u d c tai cac doanh nghiep noi chung va cdng ty co p h i n ndi rieng tren thu-c t l ch? la "chu hd" va thu-c c h i t tai cac cdng ty co phan cd v i n nha n u d c deu la chu t u nhan, ed chu tu- nhan "dpi l i t " dai dien chu s d hu-u v i n nha nudc Cd the ndi khdng ngoa r i n g viec CO ddng nha nude va co ddng t u nhan hpp tac gdp v i n lap cdng ty eo p h i n hay thu-c hien CPH DNNN chang khae nao ga (Nha nudc) hpp tac vdi cao (tu nhan) d l de trCpng (kinh doanh k i l m Idi) D l l u dd d u p c minh chu-ng qua cac vu viec gay t h i t thoat, lang phi, tham d, v.v cac DNNN va cac doanh nghiep cd vdn nha nudc thdi gian qua ndi chung ma p h i n thiet thupc v l Nha nudc Da la chu thi khdng t h i co chuyen lai lam vao von cua minh Do vay, thay vi CPH DNNN khai thac than ndi rieng va cac DNNN khac ndi chung nen la n l u doanh nghiep nao Nha nudc can n i m thi nam 100 % v i n d l l u le, edn n l u khdng c i n nam thi thoai h i t v i n nha nude va de cho eae p h i n kinh t l ngoai nha nu-dc d i u t u v i n nam giij100 % v i n d l l u le eua doanh nghiep, khac phuc triet d l tinh trang "ga va cao hpp tac de tru-ng" nhu da neu tren Tuy nhien, md hinh doanh nghiep Nha nude n i m 100 % v i n d l l u le cung phai doi mdi each quan trj doanh nghiep va quan trj kinh doanh eho phu hpp vdi quan trj doanh nghiep theo thdng le kinh t l thj trudng, dae biet khdng nen d i u t u thue hien t i t ca cac khau, edng doan tCp A d i n Z day chuyln san x u i t than ma d i y manh thu-c hien xa hdi hda d i u tu nhu neu dudi day 3.10 Giai phap tang cirang sw hap tae giira eae doanh nghiep san xuat than va eae ho sit dung than Tang cudng s u hpp tac chat ehe, b i n vu-ng, cd hieu qua giO-a cac doanh nghiep san xuat than va cae hd SLP dung than, n h i t la cac nha may dien chay than tren cac mat: > Hpp lue vdi viec nhap khiu than va dau t u nudc ngoai khai thac than de dap Cpng nhu c i u cua n l n kinh t l qudc dan Ngoai viee tranh thu day manh nhap khau than nhu da neu tren, c i n d i y manh nghien CLPU, tim h i i u t i l m nang tai nguyen than va ea hdi d i u tu KHOA HOC KINH T l VA QUAN LY NGANH MO phap luat qude t l v l thuang mai va d i u t u , van hda ban dja, ngudn nhan fu-c, v.v eua cac nudc khu vuc va tren t h i gidi, nhat la cac nude khdi ASEAN, APEC, cac nudc XHCN cu d Odng Au va cac nudc cd quan he hpp tac thuang mai truyin t h i n g vdi Viet Nam (nhu Indonesia, Ue, Nga, Nam Phi, ), tren ca s d dd xay du-ng va t l ehCpc thuc hien ehiln lupc dau tura nudc ngoai khai thac than vdi s u hpp tac, hpp luc chat che cua cac dan vj san x u i t , kinh doanh than va cae dan vj SLP dung than, n h i t la cac nha may nhiet dien chay than; huy, d i i u hanh va nam d i u thdng qua n i m q u y l n chu md 3.12 Giai phap tang cwang hgi nhap va ma rong hap tac quoe te Day manh hdi nhap va tang cu-dng hpp tac sau rdng vdi cac doi tac n u d e ngoai thuc sued t i l m luc manh viec; (1) doi m d i , hien dai hda cdng nghe khai thac va c h i bien than, n h i t la cdng nghe khai thac than D i n g bang Sdng Hong, edng nghe khai thae tai nguyen than tai vung than Ddng Bac nam d u d i cae khu VLPC can bao ve cac cdng trinh tren b l mat > Cac hp SLP dung than phai tang eudng d i i nhu p h i , khu dan c u , he t h i n g du-dng mdi cdng nghe SLP dung than theo hudng cdng giao thdng, sdng s u l i , ho n u d c , khu di tich, nghe sach giam t h i l u phat thai bui, nha kinh khu bao t i n , lang mac, ddng rupng; (2) d a o (CO2), tai e h l tro xi, chat thai tCp than va giam tao phat t r i l n n g u i n nhan luc c h i t l u p n g va thieu cac tac ddng x i u khac qua trinh SLP trinh dp cao; (3) nang cao an toan lao ddng, dung than; bao ve mdi t r u d n g , u-ng phd vdi b i i n doi > Cam k i t cung c i p than va SLP dung than hau; (4) nhap k h i u than va hpp tac d i u tutheo dung hpp d i n g dai han ma ddi ben da ky khai thac than d n u d e n g o a i • kit, tranh tinh trang "an xoi, d thi" vdi chieu bai T A I LIEU THAM KHAO thj trudng "dau tra gia eao thi ban" hoac ngupe lai "dau gia re thi mua" Vi hdn than kiidng phai " D l an Tai ca c i u nganh than Viet Nam phuc nhu md rau ngoai ehp cd t h i thay the b i n g "rau vu s u nghipp cdng nghiep hda, hien dai hda va rau np" D l khai thae dupe hdn than phai phat triln b i n vu-ng giai doan d i n nam 2020, t i m m i t hang m i y nam trdi, tham chi ca chuc nam nhin d i n nam 2030" phe duyet tai Quyit dinh s l tham dd, c h u i n bj d i u tu va xay dung md Viee 12750/2015/QD-BCT 20/11/2015 cCia Bd phai ngCrng khai thae than de lai nhieu hau qua Cdng Thuang nghiem trpng, n h i t la d i i vdi md va nguin nhan - D l l u chinh "Quy hoach phat trien nganh than luc; sau m u l n khdi phuc lai ddi hdi thdi gian Viet Nam d i n 2020, ed xet triln vpng d i n 2030" dai va ehi phi r i t Idn dupc phe duyet theo Quyit dinh s l 403/2016/CiD3.11 Giai phap huy dgng toi da eae nguon TTg 14/3/2016 Iwe eua xa hgi Cd giai phap huy ddng tdi da cac ngudn lye Ngu'O'i bien tap: Vo Trong Hung cua xa hdi tham gia d i u t u de gdp p h i n thuc day TIP khoa: quan diim, muc tieu, yeu ciu va djnh tien dp thue hien va nang cao hieu qua cac d u hwdng phat triin; nganh than Viet Nam an d i u t u khai thac than Di ddi vdi giai phap tao v i n d i u t u tCp npi bd cua san x u i t than neu tren, cac doanh nghiep nganh than d n phai day manh thuc hien ehu truang xa hdi hda dau t u nham huy ddng mpi p h i n kinh t l nudc tham gia d i u tu phat triln than Xa hpi hda d i u t u ddi vdi doanh nghiep khai thac than dupc h i i u la doanh nghiep keu gpi va tao d i i u kien eho cac t l chCpc, ca nhan tham gia d i u t u thuc hien mdt hoac mdt so cdng doan, t i l u edng doan, edng viec ehudi gia tri san piiam than thay vi doanh nghiep phai d i u t u tCp A d i n Z Viee thu-c hien ehu truang huy ddng mpi nguon luc eua xa hdi tham gia d i u t u phai tuan thu nguyen t i e "Cai gi xa hpi lam dupc va lam cd hieu qua han thi de xa iipi lam"; cac doanh nghiep khai thac than chu y l u chi nam quyen eh? Ngay nhan bai: 18-09-2016 Ngay duyet dang bai: 15-12-2016 SUMMARY The article mentioned viewpoints, objectives, requirements and development orientation of'Vietnam's coal industry under the new approach and new thinking accounting the characteristics of coal resources and coal market in the country and in the worid, demands of coal for the national economy, and impact of climate change CONG NGHllP MO SO - 2017 ... d i n nam 2020, nang s u i t lao dpng binh quan theo san lupng quy doi dat khoang 555 t i n than/ ngudi -nam; nam 2025 khoang 640 t i n than/ ngudi -nam; nam 2030 khoang 740 t i n than/ ngudi -nam nhu... nghe tuyen tan thu than tCf x? thai va bun than cua cac nha may sang, tuyen than; ^ ^ > Phan dau d i n nam 2020 giam ty le ton that than khai thac ham Id xuong 20 % va sau nam 2020 dudi 20 %,... Cu t h i nhu da neu tren, theo tfnh toan OH than 403/2016 gia than giai doan tdi la (ngan d/T): nam 2016; 1.532; nam 2020; 1.611; nam 2025; 1.718; nam 2030; 1.918 Mdt nhO-ng nguyen nhan ehinh