Journal of Science & Technology 101 (2014) 066-070 Rice Husk Feedstock Planning for Energy Development in the Area of South Western Region Vo Viet Cuong'', Nguyen Hoang Minh Vu^, Do Van Truong 'University of Technical Education - Hochiminh City No Vo Van Ngan Str, Thu Due District Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam ^University of Architecture - Hochiminh City ^Southern College for Engineering and Agriculture - Can Tho City Received December 31, 2013; accepted: Aprd 22, 2014 Abstract Following the f^aster plan on electric power development in Vietnam No ViPl Vietnam will face the lack of energy resourses for generation electricity by 2015 However, nee husk in the central of Mekong Deila Region has not been used efficiently The purpose of this paper is to find an optimal plan of using nee husk as a fuel for energy development through a general planning model The results show that, if using redundant nee husk for generation electricity and steam which is used la factory m industrial zones (IZs), it meets 7.1% of total electric demand of the city, and total stream demanS of Tra Woe and Thot Not IZ These results prove that using effectiveily rice husk as fuel will bring a fiigli economic efficiency Keywords Rice husk Energy, Co-generahon, Planning Introduction According to the Master plan of energy No, VU (2011) of the EVN, the energy demand for is 80.9 million TOE m 2020, 103.1 million TOE m 2025 It is remarkable that Viemam will lack power sources firom 2015 [1] As the energy demand increases, the cost, energy security and environmental issues become urgent, which affect directly the sustainable development of the domeshc economy In the recent 30 years ago, the world is looking for alternative clean energy sources rather than fossil fuels which are becoming exhausted and causing environmental pollution In Vietnam, a country of agriculture, there is a large potential source of biomass In particular, Vietnam is the second largest rice exporter in the world, it is estimated that the annual emission of rice husk from milling factories is about 7.5 million tons, but only million tons are used, of which 50% is concentrated in the Mekong Delta [2] Furthermore, the use of rice husk as fuel to generate electricity and steam has been proven to be cost competitive with fossil fuels [3] The problem of redundant husk sources is onginated from the lack of efficient strategy of the planning of rice husk for each region and sector The objective of the paper is, through the planning model, to find the optunal plan of using rice Corresponding Aulhor Tel (+84)986 523,475 Email,cuongvv@hcmute,edu.vn husk fuel sources for energy development in general, and to apply lo center of South-Western Region Can Tho city Parameters studied are generation capacity and the rate of energy/steam generation of energy plants Research methods include data statistics and analysis (nee husk and energy needs in the past and prediction of the future) Based on the linear planning model with regards to the minimum transportation cost of husk to select locations, capacities and generation rate of the power plant (1) DistnbuUon of the rice husk sources: Location and productivity of the milling faclories (2) Energy demand Electricity and steam (3) Site selecUon for the power plant (4) Selection of technology for transformation of energyfromrice husk (5) Selection of optimal capacity and Fig Process of planning model Journal of Science & Technology 101 (2014) 066-070 Planning framework The planning model is presented in Fig with the following steps: Stage - Distribution of rice husk sources Based on the collection and analysis of data, the information of rice growing area, average armual rice husk productivity, and rice husk productivities grom milling plants (the fuel source of the power plants) will be obtained Stage - Energy demand Based on the data collected and analysed, the power and steam demands in the past, the present and the future demand will be drawed Stage - Site selection for the power plan Optimal sites for the power plants will be based on the distribution map of electrical and steam loads, as well as rice husk sources The sites must satisfy the following requirements such as suitability with the general plan, location near the consumption area, sufficient area, favorable infrastructure and least environmental impacts Typically, due to resource allocation is dispersed, while the electricity and energy demands are high in Industrial Zones (IZs), the plants should be located in the IZs, Stage - Selection of technology for generation from rice husk power Analyze advantages and disadvantages of the energy conversion technologies and select the most economical technology Cunently there are three common technologies: (1) burning husk to dry rice or pressing it into firewood, (2) husk is used as fuel for boilers, steam from the generator continues to supply steam for the factories, (3) gasification of rice husk, from which power is generated from the gas turbine technology However, if the co-generation of heat (steam) and electricity is chosen, the heat efficiency of steam generation from husk is about 80 % and the conversion rate of steam to electricity efficiency is 31.25 %, this system will have the overall energy conversion efficiency of over 45 % when the rate of steam of end using is > 40 % or a rate of power generation is less than 60 % of the total amount of steam generated Stage - Selection of capacity and ratio of power and steam for the factory Based on the locally specific conditions, the optimal transport means and routes are selected with regards to the amount of rice husk and the lowest cost Then, determine the optimal electricity/steam rate in the power plant The transportmg problem is described In Fig [4] The problem has m sources, with the volumes respectively aj, ai, am and « receivers with conesponding demands b[, bj, bn Find a transportanon plan to minimize the total cost, with the transporting rates c,, from the source i to the receiver j , x,j is the amount of goods to be transported from the source i to the receiver], then the conditions of the transport problem are described in table I The objective function is to find the minimum total transportmg cost, with the transporting cost unit c,j from the source i to the receiver j In order to meet the following constrains, t%^ (3) x,j>0 (4) Besides, in the simple cases, it is often assumed that the total amount of goods sent equals to the total capacity of the receivers, le £