N A N TiCI MUC TIEU VA XU ItfONG TIIET KE CHlTfllNG TRiNH NGANH GIAO DUC THE CHAT t CAC TRITANG U A I HUC THE DUC THE THAO TRUNG QUOC HIEN NAY TS Dinh Khanh Thu Tdm tit Nghien ajru chircrng trinh die[.]
N A N TiCI MUC TIEU VA XU ItfONG TIIET KE CHlTfllNG TRiNH NGANH GIAO DUC THE CHAT t CAC TRITANG U A I HUC T H E DUC THE THAO TRUNG QUOC HIEN NAY TS Dinh Khanh Thu Tdm tit: Nghien ajru chircrng trinh die t90 cue 11 tnrdng D?i hpc TDTT Trung Quic tir nim 2005 y l9i diy tir d i phdn tich myc tiiu va xu hirdng thiit ki chirang binh nginh giio dye thi chit ' cic tnrdng dgi hpc TDTT Trung Quic hien trucmg dpi hc?c d Trung Qude se cd ich cho v ii-c OAT VAN o i Nam 1999 Trung uang dang Cdng sin Trung ddi mdi ehucmg trinh dio tpo nginh GDTC o Qudc va Qudc hpi da td chirc hpi nghj cdng tic nucJc ta theo djnh hucmg "E)di mcri (1 lao dye Dpi giio dye toin qudc lin thu thcri ky cii cich md hpe \ iet Nam giai dopn 2006-2020" vi "Chien cua bit dau chuyen phuang hudng tir "giio dye lucTC phat tnen TDTT \ ii-i Nam den nam 2020" PHUONG P H A P N G H I C N CUTU tinh anh" sang "giio dye dpi chiing" Ciing v cri sy tien trien khdng ngimg cua tien trinh dai Qui trinh nghien cim su dyng ciic phucmg , chimg hda giio dye dpi hc;K:, cic trudng dpi hc;)c phip nghien eim sau: Phucmg phip tdng hcjrp v a ciia Trung Quoc deu da tich cyc cii each chuyen phan tich tai hiu vi phucmg phip tain hpc bien tdng the md hinh dio tpo, khdng ngimg thdng kining cao ning lyc cpnh tranh, ning lye thich K^T QUA NGHllN CUfU VA BAN LUAN img ning lyc sing tpo va sy ning dpng uong Myc tiiu dio tpo nginh Giio dpc thi Ifp nghifp cho sinh vien nhim dip img vdi sy chit d cic trudng dfl hpc Trung Quic thich thirc vi nhirng bien ddi khdng ngimg ciia Chimg toi da nghien eiru ehucmg trinh dio mdi trucmg quoc titao eua 11 iruimg dpi hc?c o Tmng Qudc tu dd Nghien cim chuomg trinh GDTC cua cic phin lopi theo myc tieu dio tpo Cy the nhu sau: Bing Myc tiiu dio t^o sinh vl6n nginh giio dpc thi chit d cic Trvdng Dpi hpc TDTT Trung Quic Muc tieu d i o tao II Ten trirdng Thdi gian b i t M hinh Md hinh d i u thpc thi M d hinh t i n g hpp ling den Tdng hpp irng dyng dyng D H T D T T Bie Kinh 2007 • ) Hpc V ifn T D T T Thucmg H i i 2009 Hi?c V l i n T D T T Q u i n g Chiu 2007 Hpc V li-n T D T T H i Bae 2006 Hc;>e vii-n T D T T Nam Kinh t> Hc?e V li-n T D T T San Ddng Hpc v i f n T D T T Vfl H.m 2iK)9 Hpc v i f n T D T T hNn 1X1,111; 2009 \ I K K V li-n TDTT ( ap Nhi T.iii 2(X)8 V 10 Hpc Vli-n Vmi lav \n 2008 N' II Hpc v i f n T D T I Ihu Dd 2005 ^ N v V V * V V B A I B A O KHOA HQC Kit qui cho thiy eac trudng dpi hpc cua dupe ap dyng nhieu nhat la md hinh dio tpo cu Trung Qudc hifn dang cd -u phan hoa tap nhan L ng dyng Dudi day li myc tieu dao tpo cy dii ciia dpi difn trung d md hinh dd li: Md hinh Ting hcrp: tnrdng dpi hc?c v cri lopi md hinh kWc Ung dyng va Tdng hcTp Cng dyng md hinh Bang Myc tiiu dio t?o sinh viin chuyin nginh giio dye thi chit cua dfl difn tru-dng d^l hpc thi dye thi thao Trung Quic Ten tnrdng Dyi hfc TDTT Bic Kinh (m6 hinh T6at hTp) Muc tieu cy the Dio tpo sinh viin nganh Giio dye thi chit md hinh Tdng hpp "mpt chuyer nginh nhiiu ning lyc" theo hucmg bien dpi hda, quoc ti- hda tucmg lai hda; Ph.ii triin hii hda Dire Tri Thi My: Cd so sd nginh sau rdng vcJi quan nifm giio dye hifn dpi; Cd to chit va nang lye nghien ciiru khoa hc?c eo dpo diirc nghe nghifp cd tinh thin sing tpo, nang lyc thyc tien vi tiem lpe phit trii-n: Cd kha ning giing dav Thi dye huin luyen va td chue thi dau uong trudng hpc, dong thcri cd ning nghien cihi khoa bpc Upng ITnh vyc minh phy traeh cho den cdng tic quin ly TDTT v a cdng tic chi dpo hudng dan TDTT quan chiing Dio tpo sinh vii-n cao cap nginh Giio dye the chat eo ning lyc img dyng cao, phat tnen toin difn EXrc, Tri Thi My: Nim bit dupe ly lufn co bin, kii-n thirc CO bin, ky ning co bin cua nginh Giio dye the chit, nim bit dupe quy lupt co life vifn IDT! bin ciia cdng tac TDTT trudng hc?c; Cd ning lyc thyc tien mpnh yong giing Thiryrnx Hii (mA hinh ifmg day The dye, cd so trudng cluiv i-n mdn: Cd kha ning giing dpy the dye trudng dvng) hifc vii cdng tic td chirc huin luyfn thi diu gid ngopi khda, dong thdi eii kha ning nghien eim khoa hc?c TDTT trudng hpe, quin ly TDTT truimg hc?c vi cdng tac chi dpo TDTT quin chung Boi dudng smh vien md hinh Tdng hcjrp Ung dyng "mpt chuyen nginh nhieu ning lye" phat trien toin difn cic mft Due Tri The Mv thieh img vdi ddi hoi thyc ticn ciia cdng cupc xiy dyng hifn dpi hda td qude xa hpi chu nghTa vi yfiii ciu ciia sy nghifp cai each phit trien giio dye; Cd quan diem giio dye the chai H9C\ljnTDTT hifn dpi, dupe boi ducnig tdt vc khoa hpc xa hpi nhin vin vi dpo dirc nghe nghifp, dupe boi dudng vc td chat chuyen nginh vi sd trucmg chuyen mdn; C6 QuingChiu (mA hinh Ting kien thue sau rpng, nim bit dupe quy luat giio dye the chit truimg hc?c, hfrp I og dyag) cd the tl.im nhifm cdng tic dpy hc?c vii giio dye the chit trucmg hpc cic hopt dpng the dye ngopi khda va cdng tic td ehuc huin luyfn thi diu ngoii gicr hc?c ddng thdi cdn cd the lim edng tic nghien ciru khoa hpc ITnh vyc minh phv trich eho din cdng tic quin ly TDTT vi cdng tic chi dpo hucriig dan TDTT quin chiing Tir bing cd thi- thav ring khic v imd hinh dio tao nhung myc tii-u dio tpo cua cic iruimg lai thdng nhit deu Uang b; cho sinh v iin toin diin vi- eac mft Dire Tri, Thi, \1v, kiin thire sau rpng cd nang lyc thye tien lot cd thi lam cae cdng tic giang dpy, huin luvfn thi diu TDTT trucmg hcfc ddng thdi cd ning lyc nghicn cuu khoa hc?c ning lyc quan ly TDTT v.* ning lyc chi dpo phong uio TDTT quan chung Chi cd dieu mdi trucmg diu nhan mpnh hem dfe dicm ndi bpt theo md hinh dao tpo ciia trucmg minh Ket ciu chinmg trinh 2.1 Phdn logi chuong trinh Do myc tieu dio tpo eiia cic truimg dpi hpc cd sy khic bift dan tdi ket cau cua toin bf chuong trinh vi phin phdi thoi lucmg cic mdn hc?c ciing cd nhiiu dii-m khic Dudi day li ket cau cy thi: Bang Kit ciu chutmg trinh dio t^o sinh vien nganh giio dpc thi chit ciia dfl difn tnrdng dpi hpc the dpc t h i thao Trung Quic Chinrag T*«g.4 C h m n g trinh b i t bofc Hofi (so gid'so bgc p h i n % ) Jim d^Bglhyc lnriinig,'aifc p h i s / t i l f tiJB ( M n d i o l f o ly tha>it: OiQcphan Thft /%) G i i o d f c Ly l u i n C h u y i n d f l cinrng c t r b i n nginh hinh DHTDTT Bic Kinh 2756/155/ (Ting ^ r p ) 55%! 4y, HV T D T T 2928 ThirvBgilii go (Cng 9.8%;40.2 % d*>g> HVTDTT ZAtlfi 172 Quing C h i u 60%: (TAnghfp 40« ling d f n g ) 12 612 38 IS"! ->•' Chirrng trinh t ^ cb^n h f u ch^ so gid/bgc p h i a ^ ) CUodfC d f i catrng 1280 59 16010 80 M4 Ly l u f n chuyen nginh 736.49 288 18 Chuyen nginh 352 14 "6 -8°' 7.-4% Chuirag trinh mcr Irinh t v chfn khAng hf n ch^l^i gid hgc phan '%) 15 48''o - -'4 644 6S6/29 19 5:.46»i 37,70% 37 49 % 40.l6''o 10.53% 560 15.5 21.50"/i '44 21.5 288 IS 9.84* 688.^-'4 52 W Til bing ta cd the nhfn thay hifn ket cau chuomg trinh dio tpa sinh vii-n ehuyen nginh (il) r e d eic truimg dpi hc?c TDTT Tmng Qudc tucmg ddi gidng dupe phan thinh 96 120 20 488/18 25 60»i lopi: Chuong trinh bit bupc; Chuong trinh ty ehpn vi cic hoat dpng thyc tien Tuy nhien mdi trucmg timg bp phfn Ipi cd nhiing diem khic bift Bing Phin I09I chu'omg trinh dio t^o sinh vidn nginh giio dpc thi chit cua dpi difn tnring dpi hpc thi dpc thi thao Trung Quic Tin Inrimg/ myc t i i u d i o tfO P h i n l o f i chuomg I r i n h P h i n lof i chinmg trinh b i i bufc t|f chpn DHTDTT - C i c mon d^i cucmg Bic Kinh - C ac mon Ithoa hpc co bar (Tinghfrp) HVTDTI - C i c mon chuyen nginh - G i i o dye d^i cucmg Thir^g Hii - > l u i n CO ban nginh (I - C i c mon chuyen nganh ngdyag) H\TDTT Quing Chiu (Ting h ^ dvng) n g P h i n l o f i h o f t d f n g th|rc l i i n - C i c mon d^i cuomg - C i c mon chuy£n nganh - L u i n v i n lot nghiep - Thyc l4p g i i o dgc C kien l4p thyc tip) - H I dpng lihoa hpc ( N g h e bio c i o khoa hpc, nghe b i o c i o lu^n \ in tham gia c i c ho^t dpng Ichoa hpc n h i tnrcmg td chirc ) - J{f chpn h f n c h i ' Giao dye d^i cucmg C i c mon khoa hpc co bar n g i n h , C i c mon Ichoa hpc co bar ngoai nganh C'ac inon n g i n h > - T v chpn khong dieu ki^n - L u | n v i n 161 nghiep - T h y c tip - Q u i n su - HcMt dpng x i hpi - The dgc buoi s i n g v i C L U T D T T - C i c mon d^i cucmg - T u chpn Iheo d|nh hucmg: d m h huong ( G D T C va H L T T , - C&c mon d f i cucmg - Cae m6n klioa bgc co ban T D T T x i hpi T h e dye bao v? siic Ichoe, T T dan ipc T T g i i i tri, - C i c mon c h u y i n nginti thi n ' h i i n c m i sinh va Ihi cdng chu d f o chirc' T v chpn n i n g cao mon chuyen siu - Q u i n su Thucllp - L u | n v i n loi nghiep - D j n h hu6ng nghe nghiep - Ho?l dpng C L B -NCICHsatpadam - H o y l d^ng x i hpi P h i l trien n i n g luc G i i o dye n h | p hpc Chinh sich v i sg kien BJU BAO KHOA H9C Nghidn ctru chiromg trinh GDTC oia cic tnrdng d9i hi?c ir Trung Quic s i c6 Ich cho vifc dii miri chiromg trinh dio tpo nginh GDTC d nude ta theo djnh hudng "Dii miri Giio dye O^i hpc Vift Nam giai (Joan 2006-2020" v i -Chiin lirpc phit triin TDTT Vift Nam d i n nim 2020" Anh minh hpa: Giir hpc Bdng b i n cua sinh v i i n khoa Giio dpc t h i c h i t t^i tnrdmg Dpi hpc TDTT B i c Ninh npi dung hopt dpng xa hpi thyc tien Trucmg Tu bing thay ring: Chucmg Irinh bit bupc: Bat ki- li myc tieu Quing Chau l;i truimg cd npi dung hopt dfng dio tpo nio chucmg trinh di-u dupe chia lim thyc te nhicu gap ddi truimg cdn Ipi, thin phin li giio dye dai cuong: Cae mdn khoa hipc lupng dinh cho eiie hopt dpng niy cQng nhicu CO bin \ a ciic mdn chuyen nginh gap ddi, chimg to nhi trudng dfe bi^t Chucmg trinh ty chpn: Su phan quan tam dfn giio dye sinh vii-n lopi chucmg trinh ty ehpn cd xu cic hopt dpng ngoii gid hucmg lopi I li "ty chpn hpn 2.2 Phdn phdi thdi lu^ng •MChineBelS chi-" va "ty ehpn khdng dicu chucmg trinh kiin' Lopi chi cd mpt ten \!1^ jt^Zj^ mi maniEL Can cir vio su thdng ki- vigpi li "chucmg trinh ty chpn", thdi lui;mg chucmg trinh nhiin su phan lopi cy the d nginh GDTC ciia 11 inrimg limg truimg Ipi cd su khic bift DH TDTT Trung (,)udc nhimg mnfflnm llo.ii dpng thyc tii-n Khau nam gin day (2006-2011) nhpn hopt dpng thyc ticn d cic trucmg thay tdng thdi lucmg dao diuig DHTDTT Trung Qudc hifn rat khoang 2.'^0()-2900 gid Tir dupe coi trpng, npi dung ciing rit phong bing cd the nhfn thiy sy phin phdi ihoi pbil da dpng ii ci cae trucmg deu thiet ke lucmg chucmg trinh ciia cic trudng khdng gidng ehung CIC npi dung nhu lufn vin lot nghifp \a tiiy thupe vao myc tieu dio tpo Co thf thyc i;ip giio dye, ngoii mdi trucmg Ipi cd cic bieu thj dac tnmg bd tri thdi lucmg ehucmg irinh npi dung khac Nhin bing Thiy ring cua trucmg dpi difn cho lopi mye iii-u dao trudng Hue Kinh rat chu trpng vin d^ giio dye tpo theo bieu sau > thirc chinh trj va quoc phdng cho sinh \ li-n Trudng Thupng Hai lai nhin mpnh thidt ki- cic 90 80 70 • eo 50 • 40 ' 30 20 10 oJ Mdn bit b u ^ Mon chpn ^ Uai hoc m i l nic Kinh (Tdnghcjrp) • H\ TDTT Thuong Hii (LTng dung) UV TDTT Quang ChSu (Ting h^Tp img dung) Hopt d^ng tti\ic tien Bieu Phan phoi thai lirpng chiromg trinh nganh giio dye the chit cua tnrdmg Dpi hpc the dpc the thao Trung Quoc theo dpng mpc tiiu dio tpo Tu bieu dd cd the thay dupe tucmg img \cji khdng chi trang bj cho sinh vien toin difn kien moi kieu myc tieu dio tpo cd mdt kieu phan thue ciia nganh mi cdn phai co nang lyc eua phdi thori lupng chuomg trinh sy khic bift giiia nhieu nganh co lien quan cic trucmg uong vifc phan phdi gid the hifn rit Ket eau chuong trinh dio o cae trucmg dpi rd net Tu sy phan bd nhu tren cd the nhpn thiy hc?c TDTT Trung Qudc Uen ca ban tuang ddi dfe diem phan phdi gid ciia lopi md hinh dio gidng nhau, boat dpng thyc ticn deu rat dupe coi tpo nhu sau: trpng Tuong img \ai mdi kieu md hinh dio tpo Md hinh dao tao sinh vien tdng hpp im tien cd mpt kieu phin phdi thcri luc?ng chuomg trinh, giinh thdi lupng cho cic mdn bit bupc, thdi su khic bift duc?c the hifn nil rd nci lupng niy chiem khoing tdng so gid, edn Ipi TAI LI$U THAM KHAO 1/3 Ipi chia deu cho npi dung li eae mdn ty Chiu Ky (2005), Phat bi^u lai hpi nghj \ c chpn vi hopt dpng thyc tien edng tic giio dye ciia Bp (iiao dye Md binh dao tpo sinh \ li-n I'ng dyng cd thcri Cao Anh Hoa (2008), Cdn cu nhdn thire lucmg cic mdn ty chpn bing ': tdng chuong ludn eua \d hpi nghien ciru md hinh ddo tgo Cie trinh, 40" „ thiri lucmg cho cic mdn bit bupc, cdn nhdn TDTT ngdnh GDTC d nude hi Dpi hpc su khoing 10% cho cic hopt dpng thye tien phpm Hoa Trung Qudc Md hinh dio tpo sinh \ ii-n Tdng hcjrp Ung \ u a n g \n Hing, Quich Tuf Thu, L,im dyng eo then lupng cic mdn bit bupc chii-m ii Loi, Khucmg Dieu Dieu (2008), Bdn lugn ve edi If khoang ': tdng thdi luc;mg, * cho eac mdn bit cdch md hinh duo tgo eir nhdn ngdnh Gido due bupc va ' cho eac hopt dpng thyc tii-n The ehdl irong mpt xd hpi phdt irien hdi hda Ngoai ra, cd thi- thay ring ehucmg Bio hpc \ ifn TDTT Cip NhT Tan trinh tl If eie mdn ly thuyi-i va thyc hanh dao Luu Phuang Do Trieu Huy (2009) dpng khoing: Ly thuyet li 55°b - 60"" Sy,hien cuu lim kiem md hinh ddo tgo C ir nhdn cdn thyc hanh chiem khoang 40"o - 4.^"i Tu\ TDTT d cdc trudng Dgi hpc bio Truimg Dai nhicn tir bing cd trucmg thdng nhat ti If hpc TDTT Bic Kinh 60''b - 4( • la Thupng Hii \ a Quing Chiu, cdn Luu Hpc Khicm Ly Vf Ddng (2008), Bie Kinh la >>"'o - 45" n (Ti If trude nam \ghien ciru md hinh ddo tgo eu nhdn TDTT 2005 1a^.';°o-3.^"o) cui tnrdng dgi hoc tdng hop Nxb Dai hc?c Ti- Nam K^'T LUAN I thucmg trinh cua cic iruimg dpi bcjc cua Ki- hopch dao tao nginh (iDTC eua II Tning QucSc hifn tap trung d m i hinh la: trucmg dai bc?c TDTT Tmng Qude Md binh Ting hc?p; I ng dyng \a Ting hcTp L ng dyng, md hinh dupe ap dpng nhieu nhat li md hinh tljt.^ tpo cu nhan Ung dyng Bat lufn ip dyng md binh nio, mye tieu dio tpo nginh (iDTC d Trung Quic hifn na\ deu gidng ... dupe ap dyng nhieu nhat la md hinh dio tpo cu Trung Qudc hifn dang cd -u phan hoa tap nhan L ng dyng Dudi day li myc tieu dao tpo cy dii ciia dpi difn trung d md hinh dd li: Md hinh Ting hcrp: tnrdng... tiiu dio t?o sinh viin chuyin nginh giio dye thi chit cua dfl difn tru-dng d^l hpc thi dye thi thao Trung Quic Ten tnrdng Dyi hfc TDTT Bic Kinh (m6 hinh T6at hTp) Muc tieu cy the Dio tpo sinh viin... chutmg trinh dio t^o sinh vien nganh giio dpc thi chit ciia dfl difn tnrdng dpi hpc the dpc t h i thao Trung Quic Chinrag T*«g.4 C h m n g trinh b i t bofc Hofi (so gid''so bgc p h i n % ) Jim d^Bglhyc