JOURNAL OF SCIENCE OF HNUE EducationalSci , 2016, Vol 61, No 3, pp 56 63 This paper is available online al htlp //stdb hnue edu vn DOL 10 18173/2354 1075 2016 0027 NANG CAO NANG LUC SU PHAM CHO DOI NG[.]
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE OF HNUE EducationalSci., 2016, Vol 61, No 3, pp 56-63 This paper is available online al htlp://stdb hnue.edu.vn DOL 10.18173/2354-1075.2016-0027 NANG CAO NANG LUC SU PHAM CHO DOI NGU GIANG VIEN BO MON PHUONG PHAP DAY HOC CAC T R U N G DAI HOC SU PHAM - YEU T CAN BAN DOI M I GIAO DUC DAI HOC VIET NAM Nguyen Thu Tuan Khoa Nghe ihudl Tnfdng Dgi hpc Su phgm Hd Npi Tdm tat Trong cac trrfbng dgi hoc srf pham, doi ngu giang vien bp mdn Phrfdng phap day hpc gifl vai Ird dac biet quan trpng irong qua irinh dao tao cua nha Irrfdng Vi vay, mufin nang cao chat trfdng dao tao ndi chung, chat Irfdng dao tao nghiep vu srf pham ndi rieng d cac Irrfbng srf phgm, can phat huy ifii vai trd ciia ddi ngu giang vien bfi mfin Phrfdng phap day hoc Tren cd sd nghien cdu nhflng dac diem lao ddng srf pham ctia giang vien bfi mdn Phrfdng phap day hoc cd nhflng net dac irrfng neng so vdi cac giang vien khac, ndi dung bai bao drfa mot so giai phap Ihen chdt nham nang cao nang Irfc nghe nghiep cua dpi ngu giang vien bd mon Phrfdng phap day hpc cac trrfdng Dai hgc Srf pham hien lit khda: Bd mdn Phrfdng phap day hoc; Nang Irfc nghe nghiep; Giang vien Dai hoc srf pham; Dao lao giao vien Md dau Trong nen gido due (GD) quoc ddn, doi vdi bdt cfl mdt cb sb gido due - ddo lao (GD - DT) nao, ddi ngu giang vien (GV) Iudn la nhan to quyel djnh den chat Iflbng G D , vi ndng lflc va trinh cua hp cd dnh hrfdng rat ldn den nang Iflc vd trinh cua ngflbi hgc dfldc hg dao tao (DT) Trong so cac ndng lflc cau thdnh ndng Iflc chung cua ngflbi GV thi nang lflc sfl pham (SP) la mdt td ddc biet quan gdp phdn vdo sfl cdng phat trie'n nghe nghiep cua hg, tiJ dd anh hfldng d i n chat Ifldng chung eua ed qud trinh DT Rieng ddi vdi cac trflbng S P thi ndng Irfe ndy cua ddi ngu GV cbn cd tam anh hrfdng quan trgng hdn nfla - vi ngodi chflc ndng giang day, trang bj cho sinh vien (SV) nhrfng kien thflc chuyen nganh thi chinh mdi GV cflng la mdt tdm gflbng, mdt hinh mau ve phfldng phap day hgc (PPDH) va nghiep vu sfl pham (NVSP) de SV noi theo; qua tao nen nhflng djnh hrfdng quan ve md hinh ngrfdi GV, ve phong each giang day, cho dpi ngu gido vien irfbng lai Trong cac Irrfbng Dai hgc Srf pham (DHSP), GV bd mdn P P D H ddng vai trb quan trgng: trflc tilp DT NVSP cho SV; hinh mau ve phflbng phdp va ki ihuat giang day; tfl van chuyen giao cdng nghe DH; tien phong ddi mdi P P D H vii pbd bien rdng rai cho ede GV khae, phat trien chfldng trinh DT, bdi dflbng giao vien va chrfdng trinh G D thdng (PT); dam nhan dong thbi hai vai trb: GV b trrfdng/khoa DHSP, giao vien b Irrfbng PT Vi vdy, ndng cao ndng Irfc nghe nghiep cho dpi ngu GV bp mdn P P D H d cdc Irrfbng/khoa D H S P dang ia mdt ddi hdi cap thiel de ddp flng Ngay nh3n bar 8/1/2016, Ngay nhan dang 21/4/2016 Lien he: Nguyen Thu Tuan e-mail: thutuan dhsplin@gmail com Ndng cao ndng life sU phgm cho ddi ngCi gidng viein bo mdn phiMng phdp dgy hgc yeu cau doi mbi can bdn vd loan dien GD Dai hgc (DH) Viet Nam Vdl vai trd dd, ddi hdi ngflbi GV SP ngodi ndng Iflc chuyen mdn sdu can phdi cd ndng Irfc NVSP, phai cd mgt sd phrfbng phdp va kl thudt td chflc qud trinh tflbng tdc ttong tdp hgc [6] Cd nhilu bdi bdo de cap tdi cdc khfa canh khdc ve nang Iflc SP cua ngflbi giao vien ndi chung va GV DH ndi rieng, dd la cac tdc gid Thdi Huy Bao [4], Vu Qudc Chung [5], Le Thi Phfldng Hoa [6], Nguyfn Thi Yen Phrfdng, Nguyen Manb Hrfdng, Tran Khdnh Nggc [II] Cdc nghien cflu ve vai trd quan irong vd ddc trflng lao dgng SP cua ddi ngu GV bd mdn PPDH cua tac gia Thai Huy Bdo vdi "Ddc irrfng lao dgng SP cua GV bd mdn PPDH irong cac irrfbng/khoa DHSP" [2]; djnh hrfdng "Phdt trien ddi ngu GV bd mdn PPDH irong cac trrfbng/khoa DHSP" [3]; tren cb sb dd "Xdy dflng bg tieu chudn ndng lflc nghl nghiep va xdc dmh cac chuan phan dau cua GV bd mdn PPDH d trflbng DHSP" [4] (J mdt gdc nhin khac, cd de xual cac bien phap nang cao chat Ifldng day hgc (DH) bd mdn PPDH eua tdc gid Nguyen Thf Hrfng [7] Chu den mang cdng tac ren luyen NVSP cho SV cd nghien cflu eua tac gia Tran Qudc Thanh vdi "Ren luyen NVSP thfldng xuyen de nang cao lay nghl cho SV cac trflbng SP" [ 13], tdc gia Nguyen Thu Tudn vdi "Dinh hfldng cdng tac DT NVSP cho SV khoa Nghe thudt Trrfbng DHSP Ha Ndi theo hrfdng tiep can phdt trien ndng Irfc" [ 14] v.v Thrfc te cho thay, ddi ngu GV bd mdn PPDH d eae trrfbng DHSP hien dang ed nhflng ban ehe, bat cap nhat dinh ve ndng lflc nghe nghifp md nguyen nhan chinh la hp ehrfa drfbc dinh hrfdng phan dau va ddnh gia, xep loai Iheo cdc tieu chud'n ndng Iflc nghe nghiep Nhflng ban che, bat cap neu khdng dflde khac phue kip thdi se anh hrfdng trrfc tiep den chat Irfdng va srf phdt trien cua ddi ngu GV bd mdn PPDH Vi vay can ihiel phai xay drfng Chua'n ndng tflc nghe nghiep de' dmh hrfbng eho srf phan dau cua dgi ngu GV bd mdn PPDH va lam cd sb de danh gid ddi ngu Tuy nhien, de xay drfng drfdc he thfing nhflng giai phap cot yeu nhdm ndng eao ndng tflc nghe nghiep cho ddi ngu GV bg mdn PPDH b ede trrfbng DHSP chrfa cb nhieu tae gia nghien cflu mdt each sau sdc van de Vi vdy, xudt phat tfl ihrfc tien cua GD - DT DH bdi canh hdi nhdp qudc tl b Viet Nam hifn nay, van de phat trien, ndng cao nang tflc DH ndi chung va nang tflc NVSP ndi rieng cho GV bd mdn PPDH eua eac trflbng DHSP cd y nghTa quan trgng doi vbi viec dap flng yeu cau dd'i mbi cdn ban va loan dien nen GD DH nrfdc nha, ddc biet la tfl ihrfc trang cdn nhieu han che ve nang Irfc SP cua ddi ngu GV bd mdn PPDH hien b nhieu Irrfbng SP da dat yeu cau cap thilt can phdi c6 chien Irfbc vd drfdc lien hanh thrfc hien ddng bd, loan dien cac giai phdp nhdm nang cao ndng Iflc SP cho dgi ngu GV Noi dung nghien cxiu 2.1 Khai niem - Nang ltfc: Khai nifm nang lflc cd ngudn gdc tieng La tinh "competentia", cd nghia la gap gd Theo tieng Anh, "compelency", cd ngTa la ndng Iflc hay kha ndng, hode cbn ed nghia la tham quyen Cd nbieu phat bieu khac ve ban chdt cua khai nifm ndng tflc, vi vay khdi nifm ndng lflc cung dflbc hieu theo nhieu nghia khdc (do chu the; muc dich, gdc tiep can nghien cflu khac nhau), nhrfng da so y kiln diu thong nhat ve nguon goc sinh li, tdm li, xd hdi lam ndy sinh ndng lflc, dd Id: Ndng Iflc la mdt hien trfdng cd nguon gdc phflc tap, cdc td chat va boat dgng cua ngflbi iflbng tdc vbi md tao thdnh [8, tr58] Hieu mdt cdch khai qudt ve ndng Ifle, tde gia Nguyen Trong Khanh cho rdng: Nang lflc Id pham cbat tdm ti va sinh li cua ngflbi dam bdo thfle hien drfdc mdt boat ddng nao dd [10] Trong bai vilt nay, ehung tdi xdy drfng khai niem ndng lflc dfldi gdc dd Idm Ii hpc, GD hgc Nguyen Thu Tuan dd la: Ndng lflc la mdt thudc tinh nhdn each phflc hdp, nd bao gdm kT nang, kT xao can thiet, drfdc dinh hinh tren ed sb kien thflc, dflbc gdn bd da dang vdi dgng cd va ihdi quen tfldng flng, Idm cho ngflbi ed the thflc hifn cdng mdt cdng viec nao dd - Nang luc stf pham: Theo tac gia Robert J Marzano [12]: "Nang Irfc SP la long hda kiln thfle, kT nang vaihai dfi cua ngflbi giao vien ddp flng yeu cau ciia hoat ddng SP, dam bao cho hoat ddng dd dat kit qud" Theo quan die'm cua Jean - Marc Denomme & Madeleine Roy [9] "Ndng lflc SP Id id hdp nhflng ddc die'm tam Ii ciia nhan each nhdm ddp flng cdc yeu cau cua hoat dgng SP va quyet djnh sfl thdnh cdng cua boat dgng ay" Ndng Iflc SP la mdt ndng lflc chuyen biet ddc trflng cua nghe DH ndi chung Ndng Iflc SP dflbc hinh phat trien va bieu hien Irong boat dpng SP Hpgt ddng SP eua gido vien - vbi trf each la nha GD, gdm hai dang boat ddng ed ban DH va GD Do vdy, nghien cflu ndng Iflc SP cua giao vien, can nghien cflu he thdng cdc ki ndng tfldng flng vdi hai dang hoat ddng * Ddi vdi GV trfldng DHSP, cac nang Iflc SP dfldc bieu hien cu the d nhflng nang Iflc sau: Phat trien chfldng trinh mdn hoc; Lap ke hoach bai bpc; To chflc quan li ldp hoc, Sfl dung phfldng phdp va hinh thflc to ehfle DH; Sfl dung cac trang thiet bi DH va flng dung cdng nghf tbdng tin DH; Kie'm Ira, ddnh gid DH GD gid trj nghl nghifp cho SV; Tim hieu va hieu ddc diem tam - sinh li ngflbi hoc; Trf phat trie'n ngbe nghiep bdng tfl hpc, tfl bdi dfldng, tfl nghien cflu; Phdt hien va gidi quyet van de GD bdng nghien eflu khoa hoc (NCKH); Hfldng ddn thflc hdnh, thflc tap sfl pham (TTSP): Giao tilp SP [6], Dd chfnh Id nhflng linh vrfc cau phd'm chat va ndng Irfc nghe nghifp cua ngflbi GV DHSP, 2.2 Ket qua nghien cihi 2.2.1, Vi tri, vai tro cua giang vien bp mdn Phtfdng phap day hoc Trong cae Irflbng DHSP, ddi ngu GV bg mdn PPDH gifl mdt vai trd dde biet quan Irpng yeu td quyet dinh tam nen tay nghe eua ngfldi giao vien (3], - GV bd mfin PPDH la ngrfbi trrfc tiep DT NVSP cho SV: Trong irrfbng SP, GV bfi mdn PPDH la ngrfbi vfla chju trdch nhiem cung cap cho SV mpt he thong tri thfle SP, vfla la ngflbi chiu trdch nhiem hinh b ho nhflng ki ndng SP can thiet Neu vai Ird cua ngflbi GV bfi mfin PPDH khdng dflbc chu y va phat huy day du thi se anh hrfdng trflc tilp den viec DT NVSP eho SV - GV bg mdn PPDH la hinh mau ve phflbng phdp va kT thuat DH: De gdnh vac sfl menh cao ca nay, ban than ho pbai ta ngrfbi nam rat vflng If ludn DH DH (lfl muc tieu, ndi dung, chflbng trinh DH cho den phflbng phap, hinh thflc td chflc DH va kie'm tra, ddnh gid kit qua hgc tap cua SV ) Vdi vifc Ihflc hien cac nhiem vu ehuyen mdn dd, ddi ngu GV bd mdn PPDH ed the phat huy dflbc vai trd la hinh mau ve phrfdng phdp va ki thual DH cae Irrfdng DT giao vien - GV bd mdn PPDH la ngrfbi tien phong doi mdi PPDH va bien rgng rai cdc PPDH lien tien, hien dai cho cdc GV kbac: Qua trinh DH hien dai dal nhflng yeu cau doi vbi cdc trrfbng DH Id pbai day manh dd'i mdi PPDH - dd, di ddu pbdi la GV cdc bd mdn PPDH, Tdm If hpc va GD hoc Nhrf vay GV bd mdn PPDH phdi xdc djnh vai trd cua nhflng ngflbi di tien phong ddi mbi PPDH Ddi vbi ho, dd'i mbi PPDH phdi trd Ihdnh cdng viee Ihflbng xuyen cua minh Di ddi vdi dfii mbi PPDH, dpi ngu GV bd mdn PPDH cdn phdi nang cao hifu qua sfl dung cdc phfldng tien DH - ddc biet la flng dung cd hieu qua cdng nghe thfing tin va truyen thfing DH; tao dieu kien cho SV dflbc tilp can vbi cdc ngudn hoc lieu da dang, khai thac cac thdng tin phong phu qua mang Tntemel Ben canh dd, GV bd mdn PPDH cflng la ngflbi di Cien phong nghien cflu khoa boc (NCKH); tang cflbng hbp tac nghien cflu, trao dd'i kinh nghifm vl Ndng cao ndng life su phgm chu deh ngii gidng vien bu mem phifeing phdp elgy hgc NCKH va ddi mdi PPDH vbi cdc ed quan td chflc cd lien quan - GV bd mdn PPDH Id ngrfbi phdt trie'n chrfdng irinh DT, bdi drfdng giao vien va chrfdng trinh GD PT: Khdng nhflng chi di dau ddi mdi PPDH, GV bd mdn PPDH cdn tieh cflc tham gia ddi mdi PPDH va hgc tap d trrfbng PT, hg dbng vai trd quan trgng phdt trie'n chrfbng trinh DT, boi drfdng gido vien vd chrfdng trinh GD PT Vd chi'nh ho cung la nhflng ngfldi gifl vai trd ndng cot viec xay drfng, bien soan cdc chuyen de boi drfdng giao vien ve ddi mdi PPDH va la ngrfbi trrfc tiep trinh bdy ede tdi lieu dd cho ddi ngii gido vien cua cdc cb sd GD - GV bd mdn PPDH ddm nhdn ddng thbi bai vai trd' mdt la GV d Irrfbng DHSP, mpt la gido vien d irrfdng PT: Lflc Irfbng ndng cot de trie'n khai cac boat dpng phoi hdp tfl phia cac trrfdng DHSP la ddi ngu GV bd mdn PPDH Khi b trfldng DHSP, ho la GV; cdn xudng trfldng PT, hg phai Id nhflng giao vien thfle thu, hg cd the day tot mdn hge tflbng flng vdi ngdnh hpc ma ho dang tham gia DT d trrfdng DHSP Mdt GV bd mdn PPDH ddm nhan tot hai vai trd thi khdng chl tang crfbng sfl lien kit gifla tnfbng DHSP vdi nbd Irflbng PT ma cdn ndng cao drfbc chat Irfbng DT NVSP va chdt Irfdng DH cua ca hai phfa la trflbng DHSP va Irflbng PT Tdm Iai: Muon ndng cao chat Irfdng DT ndi chung chal Irfdng DT NVSP d cdc trrfbng DHSP ndi rieng, can phat huy tdt vai trd cua ddi ngii GV bd mdn PPDH 2.2.2 Dac trtmg Iao dgng stf pham cua giang vien hp mdn Phtfdng phap day hoc Theo tac gia Thai Duy Bao [2]: So vdi cdc GV khdc, lao ddng SP eua GV bd mdn PPDH cd nhflng net ddc trflng rieng dd la: - Lao ddng SP la Ioai lao ddng cd sfl ket hdp chdl che gifla tfnh khoa hoc va lfnh nghe thuat; (Tung vbi tinh khoa hgc, Iao ddng SP ciia gido vien ndi chung vd GV DHSP ndi rieng, b bat cfl bac hoc nao cung can tfnh nghf thuat, Tuy nhien, doi vbi Iao dfing ciia GV bd mdn PPT^H thi li'nh nghe thudt tham dam hbn Nhflng GV cd nghe thudt flng xfl hap dan se khdng bao gib ehi hflbng vao ban thdn minh ma hrfdng vdo tat ed SV va tflng SV, bao gib hg cung nghi mgt dilu gi tinh te hdn, hap dan hdn de Iam cho mgt ndi dung hay mdt chfl de trd nen hflng thu, cuon hut ddi vdi ngrfbi hgc Hdn bat cfl GV nao khac, GV bd mdn PPDH khdng chi lam cho lao ddng cua minh tham dam li'nh nghf thuat ma cdn eo sfl menh cao ea hdn Id thoi hon vao lao dpng hpc tap cua SV sfl sdng tao, sfl tinh tl cung vbi sfl kheo leo qua trinb len Idp eua GV cung nhrf xfl li cae tinh hudng gia dinh vdi tdt ca srf nhay cam, tmh te cua minh - GV bd mdn PPDH Id ngrfbi ket ndi gifla khoa hge cd ban (KHCB) vbi khoa hoe giao due (KHGD); Ndi dung DT gido vien cua cae trflbng SP thflbng cb hai mang Idn Id KHCB va KHGD Hai mang hd trd eho de hinh d ngrfdi hoc vfla cb ttinh chuyen mdn vflng vdng, vfla cd trinh NVSP lot Nhflng thfle tiln DH d DH nhieu nam qua cho thdy: DT ve KHCB chi mdi nham muc dfch cua rieng nd chfl chfla chi cho SV thdy rd nhflng kiln thflc KHCB ma hp dflbc trang bj se sfl dung nhfl the nao sau irflbng Trong dd, viec DT ve KHGD cd Iai tach rdi khdi ngi dung cdc mdn hgc ma SV phdi day d trflbng PT sau Vi vdy, hdn het, GV bg mdn PPDH phdi la ngflbi gifl nhiem vu trgng trdch trd thdnh "chat keo" kit ndi KHCB (DT chuyen mdn) va KHGD (DT NVSP), iam eho hai mang DT ird mgt the thdng nhat - dd la: DT chuyen mdn phai dam bdo tfnh nghiep vu, edn DT NVSP phdi ddng thdi vd tren nen cua DT chuyen mdn Drfdc nhfl vdy thi hieu qud DH bd mdn vd hieu qud day nghe se cao hdn - GV bd mdn PPDH cdn la ngfldi kit noi gifla viec DH b irrfbng SP vdl viec DH d trrfbng PT: DH b tnlbng SP la de chua'n bj cho SV DH d trrfbng PT sau Vi thi, nhflng yeu cau doi vdi hoat ddng DH d trfldng PT can drfdc pban dnh va drfdc dap flng npi dung DH, chflbng trinh DH cua trflbng SP Ngfldc Iai, nhflng nghien cflu ve ddi mdi PPDH va phfldng phap danh gid cua trrfdng SP lien quan den GD PT can dfldc thfl nghiem, tham khao y kien tfl trrfdng PT - GV bd mdn PPDH Iudn Id ngrfbi "Idm mau" lao ddng SP cua minh trrfde SV, Ci mdt 59 Nguyen Thu Tuan chflng mflc nao dd, ed the noi rdng: boat ddng DH cac trflbng SP la mdt dang kien tap giang day Ihflbng xuyen, mdt hinh thflc drf gib hdng ngdy doi vbi SV Chinh nhflng grfdng sang cua ngrfdi thay SP se ldng dan vao tiem thflc cua SV Ngfldi SV dd sau trd gido vien se khdng the khdng mang dau an cua ngrfbi ihay SP ca b ndi dung, PPDH cung nhfl hanb ddng, cfl chi, Ibi an, tieng ndi Ngflbi thdy SP - ddc biet la GV bg mdn PPDH cd anh hrfdng rat Idn din ban ITnh va phong cdch nghe nghiep sau cua SV Vi vdy, GV bd mon PPDH phai Iudn ludn cd y thflc irong viec "lam mau" cua minh trflbc SV (trfldc het Id lam mau tae phong, thai dd len Idp; lam mdu lfla ehgn, sfl dung phfldng phdp va hinh thflc DH cung nhfl kie'm tra, ddnh gia kien thfle cua HS v.v ) Tuy nhien, lam mau Iao ddng SP eua minh, GV bd mdn PPDH khdng dfldc lam mat di sfl sdng tao cua SV Mdt khac, vifc day cua GV bd mdn PPDH khdng phai la "mpt bai dpc tau, dpc thoai, md nd phai la mgt vd kich cd ngrfbi hpe cung tham gia tren dflbng hdi hda di tbi tn thflc mbi: ngflbi day gan gidng nhfl ihuyen trfldng trao tay lai cho ngfldi hgc" [9] - Lao ddng SP cua GV bg mfin PPDH cbn the hien b viec GD dao dflc va tinh cam nghl nghiep cho SV Vdl ddc trflng vd the manh cua minh, dpi ngu GV bp mdn PPDH se la nhflng ngflbi cung vdi GV cdc bd mdn Tdm li - GD chiu trach nhiem chinh GD dao dflc nghe nghiep cho SV; boi dfldng cho SV ti tflbng nghe nghiep; bun due Ibng yeu nghe, yeu tre cho SV; giup SV thdy rd vinh dfl va trdch nhiem to Ibn cua hg sfl nghiep trdng ngflbi - GV bg mdn PPDH la ngrfbi day cdch day va day each hoe cho SV Day each day la net dac trrfng nhat lao dpng SP cua GV bd mdn PPDH Chfnh net ddc trrfng ndy dbi hdi GV bp mfin PPDH phai thrfbng xuyen y tbflc drfdc muc tieu DH ciia minh la day each day eho ngrfbi hgc De Iam tot viec nay, GV bg mdn PPDH phai ndm vflng If Iudn DH DH, cdng nghe hda hoat dgng DH eua minh de can thiet cd the chuyen giao cho SV Tdm lai: Chf cd ndm vflng cac dac trrfng ndy GV bd mdn PPDH mdi thrfc hien tot vai fro eua minh cdc trrfbng/khoa DHSP 2.2.3 Mgt so giai phap nang cao nang Itfc stf pham cho giang vien bo mon Phtfdng phap day hoc a Phdl frien, ndng cao ndng life NVSP eho GV bp mon PPDH Cd the ndi, sd cdc ndng lflc cau ndng Irfc chung cua ngfldi GV thi nang lflc NVSP Id mdt thdnh to ddc biet quan gdp phan vao sfl ihanh cdng cua mdi bai giang vd anh hfldng den chat Ifldng ehung eua ca qud trinh DT Rieng doi vbi cdc irflbng DHSP thi nang lflc cua dfii ngu GV cbn cd ldm dnh hrfbng quan irong hdn nfla - bdi Ie, ngoai cbflc ndng gidng dgy, trang bj cho SV nhflng kien thflc ehuyen ngdnh thi chinh mdi GV cung la mdt tam gfldng, mgt maa hinh ve PPDH va NVSP de SV noi theo, qua dd tao nen nhflng dinh hfldng quan trgng ve mau hinh ngflbi giao vien, vl pbong edch giang day cho dpi ngu gido vien trfdng lai [I t] Mdt nhflng dinh hfldng quan trgng de nang cao chat Ifli3ng DT gido vien chfnh la vifc phdt trien, ndng cao ndng Iflc DH ndi ehung va ndng Iflc NVSP ndi neng cho GV bd mdn PPDH cua cdc Irrfdng DHSP Day la mpt van dl Idn, cdn phai ed ehien Iflbe va dfldc tien hdnh dong bp, todn dien, De tao dfldc mdi trrfdng nay, khdng chi cd srf nhan ihflc dung dan ciia GV ma cdn can den srf chung tay, gdp sflc cua cdc cap lanh dao (tfl Bp GD - DT den cdc trrfdng/ khoa va cdc td bf mfin khdc nhau) [5], - Thflbng xuyen td chflc cae buoi seminar de chia se ve PPDH; cdc kT thuat td chflc boat ddng DH; each ddnh gia kit qua hoc lap eua SV vv , - GV bd mdn PPDH can trflc tiep giang day mdt so gid d trflbng PT de the nghifm nhflng ddi mbi irong PPDH Chinh nhflng trai nghiem dd cd y nghTa quan trgng khdng ehi vdi ban thdn GV bg mdn PPDH ma giiip hg cd nhflng chi dan cu the thfch hdp, bo ich cho SV ve mat PPDH 60 Ndng cao ndng lift sU pham cho deii ngii gidng vten be} inein phuong phdp day hiK - Hdng ndm, moi GV cua bg mdn PPDH phdi cd it nhat t -2 gib day de cdc GV Irong id bd mdn, khoa drf gid (nham chia se cdc PPDH mdi va ddnh gid ndng Iflc NVSP eiia GV) - Can cd quy dinb cu the ddi vdi GV mdn PPDH moi ndm phai cdng bo ft nhal I bdi bdo khoa hoc bode tham gia Hgi thdo khoa hgc cap qudc gia lien quan den ddi mbi PPDH va NVSP - Trong chfldng trinh GD va DT eua cdc irrfbng SP, ciing vdi viec trang bj he thdng tri thflc cdc mdn hgc KHCB thi van de ren luyfn ki ndng nghe nghiep cho SV gifl vai trd rat quan trgng, nd la mdt boat ddng ddc thu eb bdn phdn anh tinh chat khdc biel eua nghl DH so vdi cdc nghe khdc [13] Vi vay, cac GV ndi chung va GV bd mdn PPDH ndi rieng phai khdng ngflng ndng cao ndng Irfc SP cho cdc gido vien trfdng lai de dap flng drfdc yeu cdu ddt dol vdi nha gido Iheo Chuan nghe nghiep d tflng cap hgc Li luan DH da chi rang Mdt nhflng ndng Ifle phan de tao nen nang Iflc SP chinh la ndng lflc kheo leo flng xfl SP Bill giai quyel tdt cdc tinh huong SP se giup SV cung cd vflng chac tri thflc If thuyet, hieu sdu va hieu rdng hdn tri thflc dd de van dung chflng cdc nhiem vu ma thflc liln GD b irfldng PT dat Tbflc te cho thdy, neu SV kbdng dflbc ren luyfn va chua'n bi chu dao each gidi quyet eac tinh hudng SP thi di thflc lap srf pham (TTSP) cac em se rat lung tung, tbam chf cd nhflng trrfbng hdp xfl If khdng kheo leo khiln cho HS PT phdn flng manh lift, tfl dd chat Irfdng va hieu qud GD se bi han ehe Vi vdy, cdn ngoi tren ghi cua nha trrfbng SP, SV can phai drfbc chud'n bi va ren luyen cac kT nang thflc hanh cung nhfl kha nang giai quyel cdc tinh hudng SP Dd la mgt viec lam quan va can thiet b Xdy difng bo lieu chudn ndng life nghe nghiep vd xdc dinh cdc chudn phan dau cua GV bo mon PPDH d tnfdng/khoa DHSP Mdt nhflng gidi phap hflu hieu de nang cao chat Iflbng ddi ngij GV bd mdn PPDH la xdy dflng bd tieu chud'n ndng lflc nghe nghiep va xdc djnh cdc chuan phdn ddu cua GV bd mdn Theo tdc gia Thai Huy Bao [4]: GV bd mdn PPDH hien ddng vai trd quan trong cac trflbng DHSP, Lao ddng SP cua bo cd nhflng net ddc trflng vl npi dung va tinh chat so vdi eac GV khae De ddi ngu GV bd mdn PPDH dap flng dfldc vai trd va ddc trflng lao ddng SP cua minh, hg can phdi phdn dau va drfdc ddnh gia, xep loai Iheo cdc tieu ehuan nghe nghiep Theo chung tdi, ndng irfc nghe nghiep cua GV bd mdn PPDH the hifn tap trung nhat d he thdng kT ndng nghe nghifp Cu the Id: Ndng lflc giang day; ndng Irfe NCKH GV); ndng lflc phat trien ddn vi, phuc vu xa hdi; nang lflc hdi nhdp quoc le Tfl dd cd the xdc djnh bd tieu chud'n ndng lflc nghe nghifp eua GV bd mdn PPDH c Ldnh dao nhd tntdng cdn co dinh hifdng chien luoc phdl Inen theo chieu sdu ho mdn Li lugn vd PPDH Muon cd drfdc ddi ngu cdn bd gidng day bd mdn PPDH ehdt Irfdng cao khong chi gidi vl tf thuyet md gidi ca ve thflc hanh day nghl ngoai ylu td ngi tflc ciia chinh ban than cdc GV thi rat can srf quan lam chi dao sat cd hieu qua cua lanb dao cdc cap (tfl irrfbng, khoa den td bd mdn) Vi vay, lanh dao cdc cb sd DT can hfl sflc coi trgng den bd mdn I -i Iuan va PPDH Cu the la: - Trong srf nghiep DT va bdi drfdng giao vien, viec gdn kit chat che gifla trrfbng SP vbi trfldng m" la vd cung can thilt - bbi qua trinh DT khdng Che tboat Ii thflc tl trflbng PT [I] Viec tfl hgc, tfl boi drfdng de khdng ngflng nang cao ehdt Ifldng gidng day cua ngflbi GV DHSP la cdng viec Iuon song hanh cung hg suot cudc ddi DH Vi vay, lanh dao trrfbng SP cdn ed quy dinh cu the doi vbi GV bd mdn PPDH djnh ki phai xuong cd sb GD de tham gia vao cdc boat ddng thflc liln doi mdi GD d Irfldng PT; dfl gib day cua giao vien PT va cd the trrfc tilp day mdt so liet/bdi sach gido khoa tai trflbng PT Vifc lam khdng chi phuc vu cho GD PT ma quan trpng hbn Id boi dfldng cho dpi ngu GV bg mdn PPDH tfl dd'i mdi minh ve nhdn thflc, vl phfldng thflc DT gan ket vdi mdi trrfbng GD PT - Can cd djnh hfldng ehien Ifldc phat trien theo chieu sdu, xdy dflng drfbc mdt ddi ngu GV chuyen sdu ve tflng mdng nghien cflu bdm sat vbi thflc Cien PT (Vi du" Cd hfldng nghien cflu ve 61 Nguyen Thu Tuan nang eao ndng lflc phai irien chfldng trinh va Cai lieu, sdch gido khoa; cd hfldng nghien cflu ve ndng cao ndng lflc van dung cdc ki ihual va PPDH, phrfbng tifn va hinh thflc to chflc DH bg mdn; cd hfldng nghien cflu ve nang cao nang lflc diln dat ngon ngfl va tfl thi, Cdc phong dflng ldp cua giao vien; cb bfldng nghien eflu ve nang cao ndng lflc DH phan hda, DH tich hbp v.v ) [3] - Can khai thdc triet de, hieu qua the manh cua trfldng tbflc hanh SP Hdng ndm, to bd mfin PPDH can len ke hoach chi tilt, cu the de phoi kit hdp vdi trflbng thfle hanh dfla SV xuong trflbng tham gia vao cae boat dgng thflc hanh SP ihflbng xuyen - Tao mdi irfldng thuan ldi cho cac GV bd mdn PPDH tham gia cdc Ibp tap huan, bdi dfldng vl PPDH, nang cao ndng Iflc NVSP - Nha trflbng cdn dau lfl trang thiel bj DH hifn dai, ddng bd phuc vu cho cdc boat ddng hflbng dan NVSP va ren luyen NVSP cho SV (ngoai cae thiet bi mdy mdc, can cd hf thdng bang/dTa hinh cdc till day) [7] De cdng tdc DT NVSP thflc sfl cd hieu qua va dat tdi trinh chuyen nghiep cua viec day nghe, rat can Ihilt phal dau Irf nhflng phdng hgc chuyen dung vbi eac trang thiet bi Coi thieu cho DT NVSP, tham chi cdn phdi thiel ke mdt phdng hoc mdi trflbng gia djnh de SV dflde ren luyen cdc kT ndng SP iren nhflng "doi trfdng gia dmh" (nhrf kieu DT phi cdng lap lai phbng ao trrfde lai that tren khdng trung); can cd phdng irf lieu NVSP de trflng bdy cdc Ioai dd dung trflc quan, cac tfl lieu, hd sd gidng day (nhfl gido an, so sdch chuyen mdn, sd sdch chu nhiem ) Viec can thiet phdi cd cdc phbng hpc nhrf vay la de tao mdi trfldng thuan lbi cho SV dfldc ren luyen kT Iflbng mgt cdch bai ban theo mdt quy ttinh khoa hgc nhflng kT ndng NVSP trfldc eae em di TTSP tap trung d trflbng PT, giup cho thdy va trb cd cho de thrfc hanh nghl; giup cho GV c6 dllu kien hrfdng ddn, ufin nan, chinb sfla cae thao tdc nghe nghifp chfla chuan eho SV; dong thbi SV dflde xem va phan tfch cac gib giang mdu cua gidd vien PT qua bdng/dia hinh de hoe tap, due nil kinh nghiem Thiet nghT, neu giai quylt tot dflde van de se gdp pban quan trgng vdo viec ndng cao chat Iflbng ren luyen NVSP mang tfnh chuyen ngbiep cua mdt Irfldng SP DT cdc giao vien Ifldng Iai xu the hdi nhap, loan cau hda hien [14] Ket luan Ndng cao nang Iflc SP cho GV la mgt vdn de quan trgng ma cdc trrfbng DHSP dang lien banh Chat Irfdng ddi ngu gido vien cua trrfbng T^ ed vflng ve cbuyen mdn va gidi ve cdc ndng Iflc SP hay khdng phu thude rat ldn vdo ddi ngu GV trrfbng SP De hoan sfl mfnh ay, eac trflbng SP phai thflbng xuyen dol mbi ve ngi dung chflbng trinh, ve hinh tbflc va phflbng thflc DT - dd can ddc biet chu trgng cdng tae ren luyen, nang cao ndng lflc SP cho cdc GV ndi chung vd cho ddi ngu GV bd mdn PPDH ndi rieng TAI LIEU THAM KHAO [I] Pham Thi Kim Anh, 2009 PhifOng hudng cdi tiin chuang frinh ddo lao NVSP cdc tnfdng DHSP hien Tap chi Day va hgc nay, thdng 2/2009, tr 37-39 [2] Thdi Huy Bdo, 2012 Dgc trung lao dpng su phgm cua gidng vien bo mon Phiumg phdp gidng day Irong cdc tnfdng/khoa dai hoc sif pham Tap chi Gido due So 278, thang 1/2012, tr.25-27 [3] Thdi Huy Bao, 2013 Phdt trten dpi ngu gidng vien bo mon Phuang phdp gidng day Irong cdc irudng/khoa dgi hge sit phgm Tap ehf Giao due So 315, thang 8/2013, trt-3 [4] Thdi Huy Bdo, 2015 Xdy ditng bg lieu chudn ndng life nghi nghiep vd xde^dinh cdc chudn phdn ddu eiia gidng viin bd mon PhUeMg phdp gidng dgy tnfdng/khoa dai hpe sU phgm Tap chi Khoa hgc gido duc'Sd 121, thang 10/2015, tr.l 1-13 va 19 Ndng cao ndng life sU phgm cho did ngu gidng vten ho mon phUiing phdp day hgc [5] Vu Quoc Chung vd cac tdc gia khac, 2012 Tdi lieu hudng ddn tdng cuimg ndng life sif phgm cho gidng vien cdc trudng ddo tao gido viin Trung hpc phd Ihdng vd Trung cdp chuyin nghiep Nxb Giao due Viet Nam [6] Le Thj Phflbng Hoa, 2015 Ndng life nghiep vu sU phgm cua gidng viin sU phgm Tap chi Tam li hge xa hgi So 3, thdng 3/2015, tr.49-55 [7] Nguyen The Hflng, 2008 Mot so biin phdp ndng cao chdl luang dgy hgc bg mdn Phuang phdp dgy hoc Sinh hgc d khoa Su pham - Dgi hgc Quoc gia Hd Ngi Tap chi Khoa hgc giao due, Sd 37, thang 10/2008, tr.8-12 [8] Mai Vdn Hflng, Le Thdi Hrfng, Do Hoang Nam, 2015 Ddnh gid ndng luc gidi quyel vdn di cua hpe sinh qua mdn Sinh hoc 10 Tap cht Gido due So 365 Chang 9/2015, ir,58-60S [9] Jean - Mare Denomme & Madeleine Roy, 2000 Tiin ldi mpl supham luang ldc Nxb Thanh nien, tr.28 [10] Nguyen Trgng Khanh, 2011 Phdt trien ndng life va IU ki Ihugf Nxb Dai hpc Srf pham [I I] Nguyin Thj Yen Phrfdng Nguyen Manh Hrfdng, Trdn Khanh Nggc, 2015 Ndng eao ndng life nghiep vu supham cho dot ngu gidng vien e-iia cdc tnldng/khoa suphgm Ban tin Trrfbng Dai hgc Srf pham HdNgi, so 51, thang 1/2015, tt 66-71 [ 12] Robert J Marzano, 2011 Nghi thugl vd khoa hpc dgy hgc Nxb Gido due Viet Nam, [13] Tran Quoe Thanh, 2006 Ren luyen nghiep vu su pham thudng xuyen dendng cao lay nghi cho sinh vien cde tntdng sif phgm Ki ylu Hdi thdo khoa hoc "60 ndm nganh Srf pham Viet Nam", Bd GD va DT - Trrfdng Dai hgc Srf pbam Hd Ndi, tr.212-217 [14] Nguyen Thu Tuan, 2015 Dinh hudng edng tdc ddo tao nghiep vu sif phgm cho sinh vien khoa Nghe thugt Tnfdng Dgi hgc Su pham Hd Nen theo hifdng tiep can phdl frien ndng life Tap chf khoa hgc gido due, Sd 119, thang 8/2015, tr.52-54 ABSTRACT Improving the pedagogical competencies for the faculty of teaching methodology in teacher training institutions - the basic element in the innovation of tertiary education in Vietnam Tn teacher training institutions, the faculty m teaching methodology departments play a significant role in the training process Therefore, in order to improve Che quality of education in general, and the quality of teacher training in particular, we need to promote the role of these educators The findings from the study of particular characteristics of teacher educators' work have suggested some key solutions to enhance pedagogical competencies for the faculty in leaching methodology departments in teacher training institutions Keywords: Teaching methods course; Professional capacity; Lecturer in Education Universily; Training lecturer ... Viet Nam, [13] Tran Quoe Thanh, 2006 Ren luyen nghiep vu su pham thudng xuyen dendng cao lay nghi cho sinh vien cde tntdng sif phgm Ki ylu Hdi thdo khoa hoc "60 ndm nganh Srf pham Viet Nam" ,... Thanh vdi "Ren luyen NVSP thfldng xuyen de nang cao lay nghl cho SV cac trflbng SP" [ 13], tdc gia Nguyen Thu Tudn vdi "Dinh hfldng cdng tac DT NVSP cho SV khoa Nghe thudt Trrfbng DHSP Ha Ndi theo... phdp va kT thuat DH: De gdnh vac sfl menh cao ca nay, ban than ho pbai ta ngrfbi nam rat vflng If ludn DH DH (lfl muc tieu, ndi dung, chflbng trinh DH cho den phflbng phap, hinh thflc td chflc