PHAT HIEN TRE KHtJYET TAT H Q C TAP TAI CAC T R U C W G T I E U HOC 6 THI XA HlTOfNG THUY BANG BANG K l £ M KHUYET TAT HOC T ^ P CUA HOA KY PHAM THI QUYNH NI THiEU THI HUONG Trudng Dgi hgc Suphgm Dgi[.]
P H A T HIEN TRE KHtJYET T A T H Q C T A P TAI C A C T R U C W G T I E U H O C T H I XA HlTOfNG T H U Y BANG BANG K l £ M KHUYET TAT H O C T ^ P CUA H O A KY PHAM THI QUYNH NI- THiEU THI HUONG Trudng Dgi hgc Suphgm - Dgi hgc Hue Tom tit: Tre khuylt tit hpc tap la nhomfrehiu nhu khdngnhan duac bat ky sy h6frpnao bdi le nhirag bilu hien khuylt til khong de phat hien nhu cac dang lit khac Phat hien sdm khuylt tat hpc tap d tre nhim tgo tien dg cho cong tac can thiep sdm hieu qua, giup cha m? va giao vien giam nhung ap luc tam li, giup hp cd nilm tin vao su phat trien cua tre Quan trpng ban, phat hign sdm khuylt tat hpc tap afregiiip cac nha giao dye xac dinh cac phuang phap hdfrohieu qua chofre.Tuy nhien , cac nghien cuu vl cong cy phat hien sdmfrekhuylt lit hpc tap van mdi d Viet Nam Trong bai bao nay, chiing toi trinh bay kit qua phat hienfrecd nguy co khuyet lit hoc tap d cac uudng Tilu hpc d Thi xS Huang Thiiy, Thfla Thien Hui bing bang kilm khuyet tat hpc tap ciia Tning tam Qudc gia vl Khuygt tat hpc tap ciia Hoa Ky LDATVANDE Nhilu nim qua, khoa hpc giio due die biet vin cho ring tte khuylt tit hpc tip (KTHT) li tre khuylt tit tri me bdi he qua cua ca hai tit niy diu din den viec tre gap nhieu khd khin hpc tip Vao thdi dilm hien nay, nhilu nghien cflu cho thiy, fren thyc tg, cd nhiJngfrebdc Id nhung khd khin nghiem frpng vg ning vilt, tip dpc va hoat ddng tmh toan mac du tri me d mflc binh thudng v i khdng gap kho khan ldn vg cac ky ning sdng frong nhi tradng v i ngoii x i hdi Mpt thuit ngfl gin hin vdi mpt dgng khuylt tit mdi xuit hien dd li KTHT Theo Bp Giio due Hoa Ky 5% hpc sinh (HS) di hpc dupc xic dinh la KTHT, nhung sd lieu tu 26 nude chi ring ti le mac phai ciia tre khd doe viet sip xep tfl muc dp thip 1% d Nhit v i Trung Qudc tdi mflc dp cao 33% d Venezuela Hoa Ky, 20% hoac nhilu ban HS cd vin dg ve hpc dpc [4] O Viet Nara hien da trien khai rapt sd dg tai vi dy in dg tim soit phat hien, giup dd fre d thinh phd Hd Chi Minh, Ha Npi, Quing Tri, DiNing Phat hien sdm tre KTHT tgo tign dl quan frpng cho cdng tic can thiep sdm dgt hieu qui cao, giup eha rae \ a giio vien (GV) giim nhirng ap lyc tara li, cd nigm tin vio sy phit tiign ciia tre Quan trpng ban, phit hien sdra giup eac nhi giio dye xac dinh cic phucmg phip hd tro hieu qui cho tre Nhflng khd khin frong hpc tip li mpt vin de nghiem frpng inh hudng den khoang 10-15% sd fre va la nguyen nhan chinh din den viec tre khdng thg hoan thinh bic tigu hpc Tuy nhien, ngu dupc phat hien sdm va khic phyc kjp thdi thi nhung khd khan frong hpc tgp ed thi dupe han ehl v i giai quylt Tuy nhign Tap chi Khoa hoc va Giao due, Tiudne Dai hoc Su pham Hui ISSN 1859-l6i2.S601(25)-2013 tr 96-i03 PHAT HigN TR£ KHL'YET TAT HOC TAP TAI CAC TRUONG TIEU HOC d tinh Thfla Thign Hui ndi chung va Thi xa Huang Thuy ndi rigng, chua cd mdt chuang trinh hay cong cy bieu qua nao de phit hien sdm fre KTHT d cic tmdng tieu hpc Vi viy, viec nghign ciru flng dung rapt cdng cu nhu Bing kigm KTHT cua Hoa Ky (Leaming Disabilities Checkist) [6] vao viec phit hien sdm tre KTHT d frudng tigu hpe la rapt viec lira cin thilt, vua ed y nghia khoa hpc, vfla cd gia ttj thyc tien NHU>IG VAN Bt U LUAN CO BAN VE CONG TAC PHAT HIEN TRE KHUYET TAT HOC TAP 2.1 Khuylt tat hpc tap Theo dinh nghia cua Uy ban lien kit qudc gia vl KTHT cua Hoa Ky (National Jomt Committee on Leammg Disabilities/NJCLD), KTHT la thugt ngfl chung chi rapt nhdra ngudi mic chflng rdi logn thyc thg hoic/vi chflc nang, bilu hign d nhiing khd khin gap phii frong qua trinh tigp thu vi su dung ngdn ngfl d cic ky ning nghe, ndi, dpe, viet, suy lugn va lira toan Nhirng rdi loan xiy ben ttong mdi ci nhan la nhQng rdi loan ttong he than kinh trung uong Mac du KTHT cd thi ddng thdi xiy cung nhflng khuygt tit khae nhu khilm khuylt cic giic quan (thinh giac, thi giac), khuylt tit tii tue, rdi loan cira xiie, hanh vi hay nhihig inh hudng cua radi tradng (sy khac biet van hoi, chi dan khdng hieu qua va khdng phu hpp, cic nhin td bit ngudn tfl tira ly) nhung nhflng khuygt tit kem theo khdng phii li nguyen nhin ehinh gay KTHT Nhflng trudng hpp hpe kera mdi tradng, van boa va kinh te khdng thugn lpi khdng dupe xgp vao nhdm HS cd khuylt tit niy Khai niem cua NJCLD thua nhgn KTHT xuit hien d mpi Ifla tudi va nhin mgnh din nhirng rdi loan ban chit bgn ttong ciia mdi ci nhin mic phai la nhihig rdi loan chflc ning cua hp thin kinh trung uong [4] HS cd bilu hien chgm frong vigc tilp thu vi sfl dyng rapt sd ky ning nhit dinh frong hpc tip d mpt hoic mpt sd npi dung hpc tip hoic mpt sd raon hpc, die bigt frong viee hpc dpc, vigt v i thye hien cac phep tinh toin Mflc dp tyt hiu cua nhflng HS so vdi HS binh thudng tfl mpt din vii nam Ngoai nhung HS khdng gip nhieu khd khin vl cac ky ning sdng frong nhi tmdng va ngoai xa hdi O Viet Nam, dCi tre KTHT chua dupc dua vao eic van bin luit, cdng trinh nghien euu mdi nhit ciia tic gia Nguyin Thi Kim Hoa d i dua khii niem ve tre KTHT dya frgn nhiJng khd khin die tmng sau: (1) Cd bilu hien chenh lech giua tri thdng minh thyc tg (kj ning sdng) vi tri thdng mmh hpc tip (kit qua hpc tap tgi tiirdng) Cic em khdng gap khd khin Idn cac mdi quan he vdi bgn be, thiy cd hay giai quygt nhung tinh hudng nhiem vu frong cudc sdng hing ngay, nhung kgt qui hpc tip rat thip (2) Khd khin dinh vin, dpe, vilt tilng Viet, hogc thyc hien cae phep tinh toin, Ket qua hpc tip mdn Toan hoic mdn tieng Viet thip ban han so vdi cac ban cimg ldp tu mot din vai nim PHAM THI QUYNH NI - THIEU TBI HUONG (3) Hpc kem khdng phai ludi bilng hay bi cac khuyet tit khic nhu khigm thinh; khilm thi, khuylt lit tri tue, khuylt tat van ddng; mac cac rdi logn cam xuc hoae it cd ca hpi hpc tip (4) Kit qui hpc tip kera khdng phii thilu ty tin, It thu va cbii y tdi cac hoat dpng hpc tip [2] Khii niem ciia tie gii Nguyin Thi Kira Hoa dua cd su tucmg ddng ve ban chat vdi khii nigm ciia NJCLD Do viy dl tai su dung khai niem ciia tic gii Nguyin Thi Kim Hoa tim khai niem cdng cy eua de tai Theo "Sd tay thdng ke va chin doan nhirng rdi nhilu tim thin IV" (DSM - IV), KTHT duac chia nhdm chinh: khd dpc (dyslexia), khd vigt (dysgraphia) va khd tinh toan (dyseaculia) Mot hpc sinh KTHT cd thi mac rapt, hai hoac ea ba dang khd khin fren Moi hpc sinh khd dpc deu ban chg it nhigu vg ning viet va tinh toin Rit it hpc sinh cd khd khan dan thuan vg viet Mpt sd em gap khd khin ve tinh toin [2] 2.2 Phat hien tre KTHT d cac trudng Tilu hpc 2.2.1 Cdc phuang phdp phdt hiin s&m & tre KTHT Dg nhin bigt vi phit hien fre cd KTHT cin van dung phdi hpp cac phuang phip sau: (1) Phuang phap quan sat (cd chu dinh va khdng cd chu dinh) (2) Phuang phip trie nghiem (3) Dam thogi/phdng vin (4) Nghien cuu hd so fre [1] 2.2.2 Cac cong cu phat hien tre KTHT Cd the sfl dyng nhilu bang xep logi, bang hdi, frie nghiem dk danh gia fre Dudi day la rapt sd cdng cu dupe su dung phd biln: (1) Bing phan logi Bayley vl sy phat triln eua fre nhd (2) Trie nghigra kilra ke/tdm tit su phat ttiln Batelle (3) Trie nghiera tira soat phit triln Denver Developmental Screening Test - Revised) [4] ban chinh sua (The Denver (4) Cdng cy phit hien va chin doan tre KTHT cua tie gia Nguygn Thi Kim Hoa (2010) [2] (5) Bang kigm KTHT cua Hoa Ky Tmng tara Qudc gia vg KTHT Hoa Ky xuit bin, eho phep su sung railn phi cho eic rauc dich phi lpi nhuin Bang kilm dupc xiy dyng don gian cho giao vien hoac phy huynh su dyng Bang kilm diing cho fre tu dp tiidi mim non den ngudi ldn, bao gdm cic ITnh vyc: Cic Id nang van ddng thd va vin dpng tinh, ngdn ngfl dpc, ngdn ngfl vilt, toan, x i hpi/ cam xuc, sy chii y, vi cac linh vyc khac Mdi ITnh vyc dupc rad ti bing cic kT nang cy the, tiiy thudc vao dd mdi cua ngudi duoc sang lpc, cae ki nang se khac d mdi ITnh vyc Bang kilm duac xay dung bing tigng Anh Trong qua tiinh nghign euu, lac gia dich sang tilng Viet Tuy nliien PHAT HIEN TRE KHUYET TAT HOC TAP TAI CAC TRL dNG TiEU HOC bing kigm chua duoc chuin hda cho ddi tupng ngudi Viet va qui trinh dich thugt chua dam bao cic khau cua qui trinh chuyen dich cdng cu Diy cung chinh la han ehl cua nghign ctru KfiT QUA PHAT HIEN TRE KHUYET TAT HOC TAP BANG BANG KIEM KHUYET TAT HOC TAP CUA HOA KY 3.1 So Iirpng tre c6 nguy co KTHT Chung tdi tim soit tre KTHT bing bing kilm nhung diu hieu co bin ciia fre KTHT va loai tru nhiJng khuylt tit khic hay nhung ylu td bit lpi vl mit vin hda, giio dye Cae dau hidu sang lpc cy the dd li : (1) Hpc kem han so vdi eac bgn eiing mdi rapt din vii nira d eac mdn hpc, dgc biet la mdn Toan, Tilng Viet (2) Khdng mie cac khuylt tit nhu khilm thinh (nghe), khilm thi (nhin), khuylt tat vin dpng, khuylt tgt ngdn ngfl, Idmylt tit tri tue, tu ky (3) Khdng phii la dan tdc thilu sd (4) Khdng cd nhflng vin dl tim ly (nhu chin ddng tim ly, gia dinh bit hda keo dii, hi ngupc dai ) (5) Khong phai la ngudi nude ngoai (6) Khdng thigu co hpi giio due (cha me vi giio vign quan tira, nha tmdng tao dilu kien) Ap dyng nhflng diu hieu tren vao viec sang lpc fre cd nguy co KTHT bing vigc phdng van Ban giim hieu va giao vign, chiing tdi thu dupc kgt qua nhu sau : Bang 3.1 Kel qua phdt hi^n tre co nguy ca KTHT & cdc trudng Tieu hgc a TX Huang Thity stt 3, Ten trirfrng Ti€u hoc sfl Phii Bill Tieu hoc so Phii Bai Tieu hoc Phii Sou Tieu hoc so Thuy Phil TiSu hoc Thuy Tan Tong so MS 722 522 161 573 359 Tre CO nguy CO KTHT So lu-ong Tilf 4 0,55 0.19 1.86 0.70 0,00 Nhin chung, ket qua sang lpc fre KTHT cho thiy rang sd lupng tte ed nguy co KTHT d cac tmdng Tigu hpc d Thi xa Huong Thiiy Ii 12 fre, chi chiem 0,47% frong tdng sd HS cic trudng dupc khio sit Ti le thip han rapt sd dia phuang khae frong cic nghign cuu dupc cdng bd trade dd Vi du nhu, ti lg fre khd dpc d Qugn Lien Chieu phd Da Ning dao dpng tu 4-12%, ti le fre khd vilt la 5% va ti lp tre khd hpe toan li 5% [5] huyen VTnh Lmh, Quang Tri, ti le fre KTHT vi ti^ cd nguy eo KTHT la 1,5% [7] Cdn d d Hii Ling, Quing Tn ti le niy la 1,47%; d Hudng Hda, Quang Tri la 1,91%; d c i m Thuy Thanh Hda Ii 1,87%; Chp Mdi vi Thi X i Bic Kan Ii 1,39% [3] P R ^ TH] QIA'NH NI - THIEU THI HI ONG Bang frgn cung cho thiy, ti le fre KTHT khdng bi chi phdi bdi dia bin sinh sdng, khong cd sy chgnh lech dang kl gifla cac tmdng nam d thi tran, ndng thdn v i \iing nui 3.2 K i t q u i p h i t hien cic vin d l lien quan den hpc tap ciia tre 3.2.J V&ndividpc Kit qua phit hien cac \ i n dl vl dpc cua 12 hpc smh cd nguy ca KTHT dupc bio cao frong bing sd lieu dudi day: Bang 3.2 Kil qud phdt hien cdc vdn di ve tinh vuc dgc stt 10 II 12 13 14 15 SL TL 50.0 58.3 6 5 50,0 50,0 4L7 41,7 16,7 66,7 50.0 41.7 50.0 66,7 41,7 50,0 33,3 Cac bien hi§n Nham lan nhihig chii cat va nhihig so CO hinh dang gan giong Co kho kh3n vice nhan va nho hinh dang cbii Thuong icuyen khong biet mioh dang doc den dau (khong bam sat theo dong cbii, doan vjin ) Kham cac til co hinh dang giong (vi du; CO va 6c ) Doi trat ni cac chii cai tir (vi du hoic Ibanh haoc) Kho nhci voi cac van ban dugc the hien bang chit in Han che ve kha ning hieu dat v va noi dung viin ban doc Co dau bien kho khan uong viec hoc doc Gap kho khan viec nhan dang va got ten cbii cai TIC gap kho khan vice hieu: m6i quan he giita am va chit (chii cai va am phat ta tuong ung voi chit cai do); moi quan he va sir ket hgp khac giiia cac to tieng (phu am dau: phan van va dianb dieu) Tie doc bang each phan doan cac tit ma khong su dung k9 nang phan tich am vi Doc toi toe rat cham Thuong xuven them, hot hoac thav tbi tir doc Kha nang ghi nho tit moi kem TIC khong tbicb (hoac ngat) doc Hiu hgt HS gip khd khin d kT ning dpc d nhilu mflc dp khie Trong dd, bilu hi?n noi trpi nhit la HS "Cd ddu hiin khd khdn vi^c hpc dgc" vd "Dgc t&i tdc dg rdt chgm" Nhdm HS cd vin dk vdi cac chfl cai, ghep vin chilm 50% 58,3% HS "Cd khd khdn viic nhdn vd nhd hinh dgng chiF' vi 33,3% HS khdng thich (hoic nggi) dpc Diy li Id nang co bin ddi vdi viec hmh kT nang dpc HS ed nhflng bilu hi?n khd khin d nhflng ki ning se gap khd khin rit ldn frong viec hpc dpc 3.2.2 V&n di vi viet Bang 3.3 Kil qud phdt hiin cdc vdn di vi ITnh vuc viii Sn i i Cac bieu h i | n Khong thich (hoac ngai) nhin chep, nghe viet, tao lap vSn ban Kho khin ttong viec nhin chep, nghe viet, tao lap van ban Tre khong hoan bat viet theo yeu ciu cua GV (tiinh bay van ban lpn xon khong hoan chinh, gach xoa ) Co kho khSn vi?c nhan dang chQ cdi va ch& so Thuang xuyen viet nguoc cac chii cai, chit s6 va bieu tuong SL TL 6 50,0 50,0 6 50.0 50,0 33,3 PHAT HIEN TRE KHUYET TAT HOC TAP TAI CAC TRTONG TIEU HOC Tre viet khong dung ky thuat (khoang each giiia cac chQ, cac chQ khong deu; chieu cao, dp rong ciJa cac chit khong chinh xac, khoang each cac dong chit khong dung ) Nhin chep thieu chinh xac (nham lln cac chij cai va chQ so co hinh dang gan giong nhau) Khong nhat quan thao tac tong hpp am vi (ciing mot tQ nhimg xuSt hien cac vi tri khac mot van ban, duoc dpc cac tieng khac nhau) Khong CO ky nang dpc l^i, t\i phat hien loi sai va siia loi sai vSn ban minh viet 10 Kho kh5n viec lap dan y hoac tao lap van ban 11 Khong mo rong dupc cac y tuong can viSt, vi vay cac bai vigt thuong khong hoan chinh va qua sp s^i 12 Dien dat van ban Ion xpn, khong co b6 cue r6 rang 50,0 50,0 33,3 58,3 25,0 2 16,7 16,7 Vigt la kT ning ddi hdi sy phdi hpp giua vgn ddng tmh va mit Phin ldn HS gip khd khin viec nhgn di?n chfl eai va sd, cung nhu ning vigt dung Tre viet khdng diing ky thuit, nhin chep thilu ehinh xac 16.7% HS khd khin vdi viec thg hien cic y tudng hoan chinh vi bd cyc bii viet Dang ehii y han, ed din 50% HS khdng thfch (hoic ngai) nhin chep, nghe vigt, tgo lip vin bin Day la frd nggi ldn nhit frong qui frinh hpc vilt cua fre 3.2.3 vin divi todn Bang 3.4 Ket qud phdt hien cdc vdn di ve ITnh vuc Todn Stt C&c biiu hi|n Kho kh5n viec dem so lirong dan gian, xep tirciig iing 1-1; tim s6 tirong img voi s6 lupng vSi Kho dat dupc miic thuan thuc voi kien thiic vS so (nhu khong c ^ dem vSn nhSn tSp hpp co bao nhieu phSn tii) Kho khan viec hoc va thuc hien duoc cac phep tinh cpng, tru co ban Kho khan vi?c hoc cac qui tSc tinh loan (nhu 2, 5,10, 100) D5t tinh khong thdng hang (hang don vi khong ihang hang don vi) dan den linh toan sai Co kho khan udc luong chat lucma (nhu so luong aia IrL.) Co kho khan ve so sanh (nhu it hon nhieu hon ) Co van de ve xem gi6 Co kho khan viec xav dung khai niem ve su troi qua cua thoi gian 10 Co kho khan phai dim nhanh va thuc hien cac phep tinh toan II Co kho khan viSc hoc bang cuu chuang, cong thurc va qui tic thuc hien phep tinh nhan 12 Kho khan phat lam viec vcii so va bieu bang SL TL 41,7 33.3 41.7 50,0 4 75.0 33.3 41.7 33.3 33.3 41.7 25,0 16.7 I Kho khin phi biln nhit ciia HS dupc khio sit la v§n dl lign quan den tinh toin (75% HS dat tinh khdng thing hang din din tinh toin sai; 50% kho khinfrongviec hpc cac qui tic tinh toan; 41,7% cd khd khin phai dim nhanh vi thyc hien cic phep tinh toan va kho khin frong viec hpc va thuc hien dupc cac phep dnh eong, trir ca ban) NhiJng van dg khac nhu udc lugng chit lupng, so sinh \'a khai niem thdi gian ciing la nhOng bieu hien xuit hien d HS dupc khao sat Die bi?t PHAM TH! QUYNH NI - THIEU TH! Hl'ONG 41,7% HS gap kho khinfrongviec dim so luong dan giin, xgp tuong ung 1-1; tim sd tuong irag vdi s6 lupng dd vit Day la kT ning nen tang cho viec hpc toan KET LUAN Tre KTHT li nhdm fre mdi dupc nghien ciru tai Viet Nam KTHT la mpt dgng khuylt tit anh hudng nghigm trpng din eude sdng cua tre, die biet la vin dg hpc tip Viec phat hipn fre bing bang sang lpc cic diu hieu KTHT va bing kilm vl KTHT ciia Hoa Ky budc diu d i cho nhiing sd tre bi KTHT d dia ban Thi Xi Huang Thuy Kit qua dilu fra cho thiy, ti le fre cd nguy ca KTHT d dia ban Thj xa Huong Thuy fliip hon so vdi cac dia phucmg khac Hau hit HS dupc khio sat deu cd nhung bieu hien vg van ddng thd vi van ddng tinh, ngdn ngir dpc, ngdn ng& viet, toin, su chii y, xa hdi/ cam xiie va nhitng vin dl khac Trong do, nhiJng bilu hign ndi frdi nhit la ki nang hpc tip (dpc, ngdn ngit vilt va toin) Chinh nhung frd ngai frong nhitng kl ning inh hudng ldn din kit qui hpc tip cua hpc sinh Tre KTHT chua dupc phat hien va nhin sy ho frp die biet tu nhi tnrdng vi gia dinh Mac du vdi ti le khdng ldn, tre cd nguy ca KTHT d cic trudng Tieu hpc d Thi xi Huang Thuy cin dupc ho frp de ed the hpc dupc va phat trien cin bing cic vin de vl x i hpi/cim xiic Bang kigm vl KTHT chi la cdng cy dg budc diu phat hien nhihig van dl ciia HS Bang kigm dan gian, dg higu nen cd thg dimg cho GV, cha me Tuy nhien diy chi la edng cy dg phit hien Do viy dg xic dinh chinh xic lieu fre cd phii la KTHT hay khdng cin phii su dyng cic cdng cy die thii khac Bang kilm ein dupc chuin hda va su dung nhu mdt cdng cu tam soit Cic Vien nghien cuu, trudng Dgi hpc cin tilp tuc nghien cuu dg xiy dyng, thich ung cie edng cu phit hign, chin doin fre KTHT TAI LIEU THAM KHAO [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] Nguyen Thj Kim Hoa, Pham Thi Quynh Ni (2009) Gido due hoa nhdp tre kho khdn ve hgc NXB Thuan Hoa Nguyen Thi Kim Hoa (2010) Dg tai cap bp, ma so B 2007 - - 41, Bp giio due dao tao, Vign Khoa hpc Giao due Viet Nam, Bo cong cu ddnh gid khd ndng gido due ctia hoc sinh lieu hgc cd kho khdn vi hgc Nguyen Thj Kim Hoa (2012) Hi^n^ trang vd dinh hu&ng nghien cuu gido due tre khuyet lgt hgc ldp & Vift Nam, Ky yeu Hpi thao khoa hpc Giao due tre khuylt lit hpc tap, Tmong Dgi hpc Su pham Ha Noi Joan M.Harwell (2001), Learning disabilities handbook United States of America Nguygn Hong Minh (2010) Thycc trang tre kho hgc & cdc truang tiiu hgc Iren dia bdn Qudn Lien Chieu TP Dd Ndng Khoa luan tit nghiep tmdng Dgi hpc su pham, Dai hoc Da Ning The National Center for Leaming DisabiUties (2007) Leaming DisabiUties Checklist, Nguyen Tuin Viiih, Dinh Thi Hong Van, Pham Thi Quynh Ni, Mai Thj Thanh Thuy (2010) Bdo cdo khdo sdt tre khuyit Idt tgi Vinh Linh ndm 2010 Tam nhin the gidi Quang Tri PHAT HIEN TRE KHL'YET TAT HOC TAP TAI CAC TRL'CING Tl£U HOC Title: DETECT CHILDREN WITH LEARNING DISABILITIES AT PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN HUONG THUY COUNTY TOWN BY LEARNING DISABILITIES CHECKLIST OF UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Abstract: Early detection aims to enhance the effectiveness of early intervention, helps children's parents and teachers decrease sfress, and helps them have the beUef on the child's development More importantly, early detection helps educators choose effective methods to support these children Almost children with leammg disabihties have not received any supports since it is difficult to detect this disability compared to other disabihties The research on detecting tools is quite new in Vietnam This article will present the result of detection children at risk leaming disabilities at primary schools in Huong Thuy county town, Thua Thien Hue province through Leaming Disabihties Checklist of The National Center for Learning Disabihties in Unitied States of America PHAM THI QUYNH NI Khoa Tim Iy - Giao due, Tmdng Dai hoc Su Pham - Dai hpc Hue Email: phamquyiihmse@gmail.com ThS THIEU THI HUCJNG Khoa Tim ly - Giio due, Tmdng Dgi hpc Su Pbam - Dgi hpc Hug DT: 0905.604.641 ... Nguyen Thj Kim Hoa, Pham Thi Quynh Ni (2009) Gido due hoa nhdp tre kho khdn ve hgc NXB Thuan Hoa Nguyen Thi Kim Hoa (2010) Dg tai cap bp, ma so B 2007 - - 41, Bp giio due dao tao, Vign Khoa hpc Giao... phit hien va chin doan tre KTHT cua tie gia Nguygn Thi Kim Hoa (2010) [2] (5) Bang kigm KTHT cua Hoa Ky Tmng tara Qudc gia vg KTHT Hoa Ky xuit bin, eho phep su sung railn phi cho eic rauc dich... thich (hoac ngai) nhin chep, nghe viet, tao lap vSn ban Kho khin ttong viec nhin chep, nghe viet, tao lap van ban Tre khong hoan bat viet theo yeu ciu cua GV (tiinh bay van ban lpn xon khong hoan