m NGHIEN CUU DAY DOC CHO HOC SINH LdP 1 THEO QUY TRINH CONG NGHE GIAO DUC I Mot so van de chung ve viec day doc cho hoc sinh (HS) ldp 1 cong nghe giao due (CGD) 1 Quan diem day doc cua CGD Quan dilm d[.]
m NGHIEN CUU DAY DOC CHO HOC SINH LdP THEO QUY TRINH CONG NGHE GIAO DUC THS NGU HIEN TUYEN Trung tam Nghien ciini Cong nghe Giao due I Mot so van de chung ve viec day doc cho hoc sinh (HS) ldp cong nghe giao due (CGD) Quan diem day doc cua CGD Quan dilm day doe cua CGD la cung cip cho cac em phuang phap dpc khoa hpc va phu hpp vdi Sli phat triln tam lid mdi lUa tudi nhat djnh Chuong trinh CGD day cac em khdng chi dpc dung, dpc hay, dpc nhanh ma edn giup cac em phuang phap d l nhan bilt tU, sd diing vdn tu, vdn hilu bilt v l ngd phap de nim duoe ndi dung cua bai dpc vat lieu r i t phong phu Theo y tudng cua nha soan sach, tang vat lieu giup cae em ed n h i l u co hpi de luydn tap va rdn luydn kT nang dpc Cudn sach nhdm nhdn mgnh phaang phdp ta hgc, ta Idm viec cua cdc em V i n d l dat la lam each nao giup HS dpc dupc n h i l u nhu khudn khd thdi gian da quy djnh Lam t h i nao giup cac em HS t u dpc vdi tdc dp nhanh? Phai ed m d t each dpc giup eae em dat duijc nhdng ydu c i u trdn O l hinh ki nang dpc, HS phai trai qua nhCfng giai doan khae nhau, mdi giai doan ein xac djnb mdt phuang phap dpc eho phu hpp vdi ndi dung kiln thUc ydu ciu va phu hpp vdi tu eua HS Can cU vao cudn sach giao khoa T i l n g Viet, sach t l i hoc T i l n g Viet mdi, cae nha t h i l t ke lai mdt lan nda chi t i l t hoa tUng bai dpc theo quy trinh day hpc eua CGD nhu sau: Vide 1: Ope trdn bang Vide 2: Ope saeh t t i hpe T i l n g Viet Vide 3: Cung ed - nhan xet NhCftig uu d'lem va han che tiet Tap doc OUng vai mdt can bd t h i l t k l k i t hpp vdi sutrai - Giai dogn 2.-Trdn co sd cae am van da hpe, HS t i l p tuc giai ma eae t i l n g , cac tU, b i l t dupc mdi quan nghidm cua mdt GV tnic t i l p dUng ldp va dti gid tiet day Tap dpc cua cac GV khac, chung tdi t h i y t i l t tap hd cua t i l n g , tU eau - Giai dogn 3: Khdng ehi nhan b i l t dupe sd tieng dpc theo quy trinh CGD cd mdt sd nhdng Uu dilm vi cau, ma HS b i l t dpc eau mdi quan he vdi ban ehe sau: doan va bai Miu3 - Giai dogn 1: HS c i n nhan b i l t dupe am, v i n , b i l t phan tich c i u true ngCf am cua mdi dPn vj va mdi quan he giCfa eae don vi dd Quy trinh day doc cho HS l d p theo chi/orng trinh CGD Ldp la nam hpe d i u tidn d c i p t i l u hpe Vide rdn luydn phuong phap va kl nang dpc cho eae em r i t quan trpng Nd la n i n tang eo ban giup eae em nhCrng nam t i l p theo va tao d i l u k i l n eho eae em hpc mdn khae G i n ba thap ki qua, CGD tien hanh day dpc cho HS t i l u hpe theo mdt quy trinh ehung nhu sau: - Vide 1: Giao vidn(GV) gidi thidu va dpc m i u - Vide 2: Luydn dpc eho HS -Vide 3: Tdng k i t nhan xet t i l t hpc can cU vao quy trinh ehung nay, mdi khdi ldp cd su van dung cu the hon nhim phu hpp vdi trinh dp nhan thUc va tu eua HS d mdi giai doan khac Nam 2005 - 2006, sach giao khoa Tilng Viet - CGD ed thay ddi d l phu hpp hpn vdi trinh dd HS duang dai TU mdt cudn sach giao khoa Tieng Viet, gid day cd thdm cudn tu hoe Tilng Vidt vdi ngudn 30 • KHOA HOC GUO DUC ' ^ Dang biitfocvin IMiu2 Dang bit doc im IMiul Dang bii doc tieng Uu diem cua eae t i l t Tap dpc la HS dugc hinh ki nang dpc qua he t h d n g vat lieu mdi, quy trinh dpc da ehi each sU dung sacb tif hoc tilng Viet va giup HS hinh ki nang, giup GV bUdc d i u phan hda dupe HS Ben eanh nhu'ng Uu d i l m dd, t i l t Tap doe vin edn bdc Id mdt sd ban c b l n h i t djnh, dd la quy tnnh day edn chung chung, GV ehua linh boat qua trinh van dung vao cae dang bai khae HS v i n chua t l i minh lam viec mdt each ddc lap, chu ddng T h i l t ke mdi ehu y den vide hinh ki nang, chUa ehu trpng den vide luydn kT nang, ehua hinh cho cae em phuong phap doe eu the NGHIEN CIJIU i Nhu vay, vdi quan diem va mue tidu ehung ciia CGD da ndu trdn, thi cac tilt Tap doc dUoc day theo thiet k l Tieng Viet vin ehua phat huy dupe tinh chu dpng, Hnh hoat cua HS va GV II xay dung quy trinh day doc cho HS ldp CGD theo dang bai 1.Yeu clu chung a Ddm bao muc tieu eua phdn mon Tap dpc Ve npi dung: Mue tidu eua phan mdn Tap dpc ldp - CGD giup cac em dpc thdng thao tU budc dpc md hinh, doc am, dpc tieng, d i n dpc eau doan Ngoai phin vat lieu co ban d saeh Tilng Viet, HS phai van dtjng de tti dpc dupe toan bd phin vat lidu phan hda saeh Tieng Viet, cac em dpc dung tU diu sau dd dpc hay, dpc ed ngd didu va eudi ciing la dpc nhanh - Ve kindng: Hd thdng bai dpc liy nguydn tie ngCr am lam true Vi vay, xuydn sudt ca qua trinh dpc HS phai sd dung phUPng phap tach ddi nhim eung ed kiln thdc ngUam ddng thdi phat huy kha nang tu va y thUe chu dpng eua HS b Ddm bdo tinh he thong He thdng cae bai dpc cua HS di theo cau true eua chuong trinh dd la: cac bai dpc tilng, bai dpc am, bai dpc vin c Thi hiin tinh thdn ti/hpc theo dinh hadng gido due eiia edng nghe Ngay tif nhCfng nam d i u , CGD da xae djnh qua trinh hpe eua HSia qua trinh giup cac em khdng chi nim dupe nhCfng tri thUe bidn dai ma edn giup eae em phat triln v l tuduy va kha nang lam vide chu ddng, tli lap Tinh thin chu ddng, tif lap hpc tap dd cang t h i hidn rd rang ban ke tU nam bpc 2005 - 2006 Ngay tU kbi bidn soan sacb, cac tac gia da ed y djnh nhin manh vai trd chu the ciia HS thdng qua boat ddng tich etie, ehu dpng ciia cac em gid hpc Oae bidt tilt bpc Tap dpc, cudn sacb Tilng Viet ed nhiem vu hinh ki nang dpc co ban Nhung phin vat lidu phan hda lai ed nhidm vu ren luydn nang eao ki nang doe, biln ki nang dd kixao b Mieu td he thong mdu thiet ke Moi mau sd dugc midu ta trinh tti theo hai ndi dung sau: - Muc dich eua miu thilt kl - Quy trinh chung cua miu thiet kl Mdu 1: Dang bdi dpc Tieng * Muc dich: Mau thilt ke giup GV nam dupe quy trinh td ehUe mdt t i l t day doe tilng Giup HS bilt quy trinh dpc tilng theo nguydn tic tach ddi, tU dd cae em ed the chu dpng luyen tap kT nang dpc d trdn ldp cung nhud nha * Ouy trinh chung: - Vide 1: Dpc phan tich theo nguydn tie tach ddi: Quan sat nguydn tilng; Phan tich tilng theo nguydn tic tach ddi; Ope tron tilng - Vide 2: Dpc Ung dung: Ope tilng md hinh; Ope tilng tU Ung dung; Ope tieng cum td, cau Ung diing Thiet ke quy trinh day dpc tilng da the hidn dUPc eae boat ddng day va hpc cua ca GV va HS Quy trinh tilt hpe dupe tiln hanh qua vide sau: Vide 1: Giup HS nim dupe phUPng phap dpc tilng theo nguydn tic tach ddi O l thiic hidn nguydn tic dpc HS phai thue hien thao tac: Thao tdc I: Quan sat nguyen tilng nghia la quan sat toan bd tieng bing mit Thao tdc2: Ope tach ddi tieng nghia la phan tich tilng phin diu va phan vin Qua trinh phan tich dien tuduy Thao tdc 3: Ope tron tieng cd nghia la sau thuc hien thao tac ehuyen vao de phan tich ngd am eua tilng, HS phai tti tdng hpp va thtic hidn thao tac dua ngoai bing each dpc to tilng dd Qua trinh thuc hien thao tac la qua trinh HS di tU quan sat din phan tieh va eudi ciing la dpc trpn.TUthao tae d i n thao tac la qua trinh ehuyen vao TU thao tac den thao tac la qua trinh the bidn ngoai Nhu vay, sau kbi thifc hien dupc thao tae trdn HS da dupc phat trien v l ki nang quan sat eung nhu ki nang phan tieh tuduy Vide 2: Sau HS nim chac phUPng phap Trude nhUngydu eiu eO ban cua phan mdn Tap dpc, chung tdi dua nhCfng phUPng an eij the, rd doe theo nguydn foe tdch dd'i giao viln hudng din rang nhim giup GV eung nhu HS de dang thifc hidn HSvan dung phuong phap dd vao bai dpc tieng Oe doe duoc bai HSeung phai thUe hidn thao tac dupe mue tieu ma mdn hoc da d l Thao tdc 1: Ooc tilng md hinh nghTa la He thdng mau thiet ke bai doc theo quy HSquan sat va dpc phan tieh tilng md hinb trinh mdi a Gidi thieu chung vehe thong mau thiet ke oay ehinh la thao tac gdp, ydu ciu HS phai dpc theo Chung tdi gidi thieu miu thiet k l dupe bieu nguyen tie tach ddi hidn qua ba dang bai: Dang bai dpc Tieng; Dang bai Vidu:Taed md hinh sau: dpc Am; Dang bai dpc van Sti77-THANG2/2012