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THUC TRANG SIT DUNG PHUONG PHAP GRAPH TROnG DDV HOC SiOH HOC TROHG HOC mi T H O H G ff HGH^ AH in di ddl m6l phircmg ph6p dgy hpc (PPDH) dd 6ugc Ddng, Nhd n u ^ vd B$ gido dgc vd Ddo Iqo dat ra c3d''''l[.]
THUC TRANG SIT DUNG PHUONG PHAP GRAPH TROnG DDV HOC SiOH HOC TROHG HOC mi THOHGffHGH^ AH O in di ddl m6l phircmg ph6p dgy hpc (PPDH) dd 6ugc Ddng, Nhd n u ^ vd B$ gido dgc vd Ddo Iqo dat c3d'l vdl t6> cd cdc b^c hpc, ngdnh hpc d nhldu phuemg dl$n khdc nhou DiJt mdl PPDH Id nhu c6u t^t ytfu cua gido vl6n, cdl t l l n , ndng coo chd't luong PPDH dong su dyng di gdp phdn ndng coo ehdi lupng, hl^u qud cuo v l ^ dpy hpc D^l mdl PPDH chinh Id si> dyng cdc PPDH Kch ci/c, phdt huy tinh tfch ci/c cue hpc sinh (HS), dupc gpl Id «[kiy hgc (DH) hudng vdo ngudi hgc' hoy «[>gy Id'y ngudi hgc Idm trung tdm" D6*i vdl mdn Sinh hgc, myc H&u hl§n d cdc trudng hpc Id hudng vdo r6n luy^n ^ thi/c ti/ gidc, kt ndng (KN) tu duy, tdng cudng khd nfing h/ hpc, tu cni^m llnh kien thue mdl cho HS De dqt dupc myc tidu tren, co nhieu phuong phdp (PP) khdc nhau, dd PP graph Id mdt nhung PP mang Iqi hiSu qud cao, vi r^ng ngon ngu graph cd the bieu dot md'i auon he giCra cdc khdl niem mpt cdch ngdn gpn, n§ thd'ng vd tn/c quon, cung cap mpt buc tronh ve mdi quan hS liCra cdc kndl niem mpt cdch ro rdng, mong tinh hdl qudt, logic, giup ngudi hpc ndm vung, nodn thien tri thue theo h i thong logic PP gropn dupc su dgng vdo cdc khdu cua qud trinh DH nh^m pop phdn dd'l mdl PPDH ndi chung vd DH Sinh hgcd trudng trung hpc thdng (THPT) ndl rlSng, Tuy nhiSn, viSc ndm duoc npl dung, vol trd vd y nghlT cua PP graph cung nhu vl&c su dgng graph vdo DH Sinh hoc cdn chua dupc trlen khai dong bd d cdc trudng phd' thdng, S Di thd'y dupc vol trd, y nghla, tdm quon trpng cua PP graph, cung nhu thge trpng vl^c su dgng PP graph DH Sinh hge THPT, tu thdng / 2011 d^n thdng / 2 chung tdl d d dieu tro, khdo sdt, thu thdp thdng tin tu 273 HS vd 64 gido vien (GV) Sinh hge thupc 15 trudng THPT trSn dia bdn h'nh N g h ^ A n Mau khdo sdt dupc Iga chpn mpt cdch ngau nhiSn, mang tinh dql diSn cho HS, GV cdc vung mien, cdc khd'l Idp Tdc d g n g cOa PP g r a p h DH Sinh hpc d h v d n g THPT D l thue hl^n dupc mgc dich ndy, chOng tdl d d su dgng cdu hdl: Em hdy eho ThS NGUYEN THANH MY" ^lit GV si> dt/ng PP graph ddp ting duge nhOng nil dung ndo? fidne ' Tdedvrygeiophtnr\gph6pgraf^trong di/rtg cdc PPDH Sinh /ipc J ^i TT e e 10 TlJI>r hl_L> n PNrangphip PP Thuvtl tilnh PP thto lutn nham PP Wnh d l i n PP W doc SGK u nahitn cOu PPhAi(Up UihiftmhCnabto PP bdu aAn m i u v t l thtl, v t t uono truna PP bKu (Mn ml notntm PP dav hoc d i l ouvSt vHn irt PPscriUh6B(PP staph) C«c PP lihlc {nJu c6) 'PhongSaot^oJnittngB^ibQcVinli S < M TI« 194 71.06 17,58 1*S 1S4 53,11 56,«1 1S3 172 45.05 1,10 Ghi - "^- Tap chifiiaodue s6 (ki a • i vaoia) Trong cdc PPDH sau day, nhung PPDH ndo thudng 6ugc CV bd mdn Sinh hgc su dung? Ke't qud thu dupc d t d n g eno thd'y, hdu het cdc PPDH d i u duac GV Sinh hgc a ede trudng THPT Ngh§ An su dgng vdo day hpc, d d PP dupc su dgng nhleu nha't Id thdo ludn nhom (71,0d%), tid'p den PPDH gldl quyS't van d l (d3,0%), PP dupc su dung if nhd't id PP frinh dien (17,58%), tlep den Id PP bleu dien mSu vqt that, vdt tupng trung (39,19%) PP so hda chi cd 108 HS trd Idl GV cd su d g n g , chilm ti le , d % , chi dung tren PP b l l u dien mau vdt that, vdt tupng trung, hon 0,37% Thge te tren cho thd'y, G V d cdc trudng THPT tinh Nghe An su dgng PP graph dang cdn chlS'm ti 1^ thd'p so vol cde PPDH tich cgc khdc nhu DH gldl q u y l t vd'n de, thdo ludn nhdm, hdl ddp t6l hlen thdng bdo GV it su dgng, co 1,5d% khdng su dgng O khdu cung CO, hodn thien kien thue so GV thudng xuydn su dgng PP graph nhieu hon (37,5%), 43,75% GV thinh fhodng mdl su dgng, 15,d3% GV it su dunq, cd 1,5d% khong su dgng khdu kiem tra ddnh gid cd 10,94% GV su dgng thudng xuySn, 46,88% GV thinh fhodng mdl su dgng, 34,38% GV if su dgng vd cd tdl 7,81 % GV khdng su dung, Ve viec hudng dan HS tg hpc bdng cdch xdy dung graph cd 29,69% GV su dgng thudng xuyen, 42,19% GV thinh thodng mdl si) dgng, 17,19% GV It su dgng, cd tdl 10,94% GV khdng sudgng Kdt qua trdn cho thdy, GV pho' ihdng su dgng PP graph qud trinh DH cdn ft, ti Id GV thudng xuydn su dgng chf chiem 10,94-37,5% Dfic bidt ddi vdl khdu day kiln thue mdl, sd GV thudng xuydn su dgng PP graph chiem fi Id rd't fhd'p 2) Khdo sdt trin ddi tugng GV Sinh hge [10,94%} PP ndy chi dupc GV thudng xuydn su THPT D l ndm dupe muc dp su dgng PP graph dgng d khau hodn thidn kien thue vdl ti Id 37,5% cue GV Sinh hpe d trudng THPT tinh Nghe A n , Stv? /V'PVs't^iakffjnpftni) GVlmngibytKicSi^hteicS( " ' t i O f i IHFJ H^ Hf ».^ AMI )chO ei ouCng •uyin • ) cbne PP „ ^- » Trang c Sinh hpc (Phin d^i cuong) NXB Gido d{ic, H 1996 NguySn Nggc Quang Li lu^n d^y hpc dai cinmg (tap 1) Trudng cdn i>{5 qudn li Gido d^c Trung uong 1986 TrSn B i HoSnh {chii bien) • Trjnh Nguyen Giao Dai cuong phuong ph^p day h^c Sinh h^c NXB Gido dvc 2002, TrSn BS HoJinh, D6\ HKH phuong p h i p day hi^c, chmmg trinh \k sich giio khoa NXB D^i hpc su phfim Hd N0i 2007 SUMMARY The paper analyzes the effects and reality of using garaph methods of teachers and students in ttie stages of ttie process of teaching b^logyin high sctKJCd Thus see the role and effects of the graph method In the teaching process, to postteve learning acttvttles for students, contributing to the innovation of teaching methods In apo^ve way .. .Trong cdc PPDH sau day, nhung PPDH ndo thudng 6ugc CV bd mdn Sinh hgc su dung? Ke''t qud thu dupc d t d n g eno thd''y, hdu het cdc PPDH d i u duac GV Sinh hgc a ede trudng THPT Ngh§ An su... dung tren PP b l l u dien mau vdt that, vdt tupng trung, hon 0,37% Thge te tren cho thd''y, G V d cdc trudng THPT tinh Nghe An su dgng PP graph dang cdn chlS''m ti 1^ thd''p so vol cde PPDH tich cgc... trudng THPT tinh Nghe An da cd su dgng PP graph, nhien muc dd su dgng dang cdn hqn che Chi cd , % GV thudng xuydn si> dgng PP ndy Da so GV (73,44%) thinh thodng sijdgng PP graph vdo DH Cd 4,69%