U uuAw aiAo PMC • e^Y H^C MOT SO BIEN PHAP REN LUYEN Kl NANG VAN DONG HNH GHO THE MAH GIAO 5 6 TUOI THUNG ODA HUAT DONG TO PHHC VU ThS D I N H THI LAN HUCfNG" 1 Giao due mam non (GDMN) la bac hpc dau[.]
U uuAw aiAo PMC • e^Y H^C MOT SO BIEN PHAP REN LUYEN Kl NANG VAN DONG HNH GHO THE MAH GIAO 5-6 TUOI THUNG ODA HUAT DONG TO PHHC VU ThS Giao due mam non (GDMN) la bac hpc dau tien cua he thong giao due quoc dan, CO vai tro dac bet quan&png viec datnen mong cho suhinh va phat trien cua nhan each ngudi, "gitip tre em phattrien veffiechat, tinh cam, tritu$, ffiam mi, hinh tianh nhung yeu todau tien cua nhan each, chuan bi cho tre vao ldp mof (1; tr 1) Tre d life tuoi mam non (Ml^l) luon CO nhu cau Idn ve van dong, van dpng la chat "xuc tac" de tre kham pha va tim hieu the gidi xung quanh, giup tre ldn len ca ve the chat lan tam hon Chinh vittie, phattrien thechat cho tre ndi chung, ren luyen va phattrien kl nang van dpng ndi rieng la mpttrong nhung nhiem vu quan trpng hang dau cua lu'atuoiMN Neu nhiem vucuaviec ren luyen kTnang van dpng thd giiJp tre phattiiS'n su'c khoe, the luc va cac to chat ^elucMfsn luyen kmangvs^ dong Snh{RlKtV/QJ) giup treed nhOng kTnang song can thiet, phuhpp, cd ttie thich nghi va ton tai dupe cupc song thuc cua minh Giai dogn cuoi m l u giao (MG) 5-6 tua, tre da cdttiettigc hipn dupe cac van dpng datden suttnh kheo, ti m i va chinh xac Vi vay, viee RLKN VDT cho tre MG 5-6 tua duoc xem nhu mpt nhu cau CE^ bach de chuan b j nen tang vihig ch4c cho tre vao tmdng phd'thdng m/dng M N, hau het cac hoat dpng, tredeu phai sudung den ddi ban tay Vi vay, giao vien (GV) cd ttie lua ehpn rat nhieu hoat dpng de RLKNVDT cho tre nhu: Hoat dpng tao hinh, hoat ddng ngoai trdi, hoat ddng vui choi, hoat ddng gdc, hoatd^g tuphuc vu (HDTPV) Ve RLKNVOT cho tre MG 5-6 tuoi thdng quaHDTPVtrongChvomgtrinh GDMN hien Viec RLKNVDT cho tre MG 5-6 tud1 trong^ Chuong trinh GDMN thupc iinh vuc phattrien the chat, phat trien van dpng neu ro: tre cd kT nang bong mptsd'hoatdpngcan sukheo leo cua ddi tay.Dethuc hien muc tieu nay, npi dung giao due duoc xay dung fhi2.fi/2015) D I N H THI L A N H U C f N G " khoa hpc: tap cac cu ddng ban tay, ngdn tay va s u dung mptsd'do dung, dung cu duoc cu ttiehda ttidng q ua cac hoatdpng luyen tap cac bai cddpng ban tay, ngdn tay va CO tay nhu: be, nan, lip rap, xe, c^t ducsig vdng cung, td; cai, cdi cue, keo khoa (phecmcrtuya), xau, luon, bupc day Chuong tnnh cung neu rd ket qua mong d d dd'i vdi dp tuoi: tre thuc hien dupc cae van d m g (nhu: uon ngdn tay, ban tay, xoay eo tay, gap, m d lan lupt tiing ngdn tay va phoi hop duoc cu dpng ban tay, ngdn tay, phd'i hpp tay - m§t) mpt sd'hoatdpng (vehinh vasao c h ^ eae chflcai, ehifso, cat dupc theo dudng vien cua hinh ve, x ^ chong 1215 khd'ittieo m l u , g h ^ v a d a n hinh dacatttieo mau, tu cai, cdi cue, xau day giay, cai quai dep, ddng md phecmcrtuya) Trong Quy djnh ve Bp chuan phat trien tre em nam tua (2), d Bieu Cac chuan thuoc Shh viJCphat trien ffiechai, KNVDT cua tre MG 5-6 tu6\ cd neu: - Chuan Tri co theki&n soatvaphoihgp van dgng cac/jftdmctfn/jd + C/i/sd'S.Tumacva cdi duoc ao; + C/?/'so6;Tdmau kin,khdng chdm ngoai dudng vien cac hinh ve; + Chi so 7; Cat ttieo dudng vien ttiang va cong cua cac hinh don gian; + Chl so 8: Dan cac hinh vao dung vj tri cho tn/dc, khong bi nhan; - Chuan Tre CO hi^ biet, thiA: hanh vesinh canhan va dffih dudng: + Chi so 15: Biet nia tay bSng xa phdng trudc an, sau di ve sinh va tay ban; + C/i/'sdVft'Tunia mat, chai rang hang ngay;+ Chl so/S-'GiUdau tdc, quan ao gpn gang ThiJC trang viec t o chuc R LKN VDT cho tre MG 5^6 tuoi t h o n g qua HBTPV d c a c tnrdng MN Oe tim hieu van de nay, chung tdi da khao sat (bing phieu ho) 50 GVMN dang tmc t ) ^ day &e MG 5-6 tuoi tai cae tn/dng MN va 100 tre MG 5-6 tua tai hai tn/dng: Trudng MN ThiA; hanh, Trudng MN Tran Thanh Ngo {Quan Kien An - TP Hai Phdng) (ttiang 2-3/2013J ' Khoa Giao tec n a n noa -Tnitrngfi^ hpc Kai diODg Tap chi Giao due so 360 15 3.1 Nhan thuc cua GV ve KNVBT va viec chat nhu: rjha ve sinh rieng Irong Idp hpc cho ting RLKNVBT cho tre MG 5-6 tuoi thong qua Idp,bon nia,binh ndrig lanh nhuvay,GVcothelua W e r P K Kel qua dieu tra cho thay:84%GViIeu cho chpn npi dung de RLKNVDT cho tre vdi rat nhleu rSng KNVBT la kha nang dilu khien, phoj hop cac CO dieu kien Ihuan lpi detochdcva thuc hi§n Npi dung nho cua ban lay, ngon lay Cling vdi su van dong cua nk ma/(80%), danh rang(66%) laliainpidung dupe thj giac delhuc hien cac van dong mot each kheo leo, hau hetGV lija chpn de RLKNVDT chofre,daycOrig tinhte,tlm?vachinhxac N h u v a y , d a s o G V d a c lahai npi dung tre thudng sudung hang dtrudng nhung hieu biet ve KNVDT Ben canh van MN vi vay, ratnhieu GV da lua chpn S i / p c d a y ^ % 16% GV nham Iln veKNVDT,8%GV cho ring keo khoa quan, chai dau la nhflng npi dung dupc it KNVBT la suphoi hop van dpng giija van dong noi GV Ilia chpn, trao ddl vdi chijng toi cac GVIi giai cho Chung va mSt, 8% GV cho rang KNVBT la kT nang lua chpn nhusau: bupc day giay, keo khoa quan doi hoi sukheo leo Nhuvay, mptso ilGV v i n lamptirong nhflng npldung n j m nhiem vu lap chua hieu ve KNVDT mptcach chinh xac va day du cac cudpng cua ban lay, ngdn tay, phdi hop tay - mat Khi dupc hoivelam quan trpngcua viec RLKNVBT chuong trinh GDMN hien nay, nhiSn hau doi vdi suphattrien cua tre MG 5-6 tuoi, CO80% GV het tre dl hpc rat it di giay budc day, m^c quan co cho l i n g viec RLKNVDT cho tre MG 6-6 luoi la rat khda vi the npi dung tuphuc vu dupc itGV iua chpn quan trpng, 20% GV cho la quan trpng Nhu vay, de RLKNVDT cho tre dtrudng MN viec RLKNVDT cho tre MG 5-6 tuoi dupc cac GV danh gia rat cao Khidupc hoivelam quan trpng cua viec RLKNVDT cho tre MG 5-6 tuoi thong qua HDTPV, CO 90% GV cho rang viec RLKNVDT cho tre MG 5-6 tuoi thong qua HDTPV la rat quan trpng, 6% Cho ring quan trpng va % cho la binh thucmg Dieu cho thay, GV cung da it nhieu co quan tam den vi^c RLKNVDT cho tre thong qua HDTPV va HDTPV thuc Sl/ la mpt phuong ten hdu hieu de ren luypn KNVDT oho tre 3.2 Cac npldung tuphuc vu thuang dugc GV lifachonde'RLKNVBTchoire{xem bang'l) 3.3.Cachlnhthiietochi>cHDTPVGVthuaig su dung de RLKNVBT cho tre MG 5-6 tuoi truang MN (xem bang 2) Bang Cac hinh thuc Q V thudng si dung de RLKNVBT cho treMG S-6 tuoi thdng qua HBTPV \ ^ MOvdp TT Hinh tfjite\ ThLrdng xu v6n Thinh thoang Khdng Bi^ duna 37 74 10 % SL Nhfim % SL 20 % 23 46 15 30 12 ?4 12 24 33 66 CaltSp CA nhan SL BangScho thay, hinh thue nhom (74%) vS hinh Bang t Cac noi dung tu phuc vu thuang duac GV van thiic ca Idp (46%) dupc GV si) dyng thudng xuySn de RLKNVDT cho Ire Hinh thflc ren/uy^n ca'n/ianlt dung de RLKNVBT cho tri MG 5-6 tuoi d trudng MN dupc chu y sfl dung vi cac Idp cd s6' tre qua d6ng "•" -.^^^^^ Mac (B? ThL cfng Thinh Khong st? Khdng cd GV dua hinh thflc giao due khac TT xu /Sn Ihoanq Qua phan tich, cd the thay: GV da nhan thiic SL SL SL dung d j n duoc vai tnj va tam quan Irong cua vISc Ri}atay 47 94 0 RLKNVDT cho tre MG 5-6 tuoi GV da sfl dung ROa m$t 40 80 18 nhieu hinh thflc, bien phap khac deto ciiite c d m Ihia xilc cam 28 56 15 30 14 hoatdpng nhairi RLKNVDT cho tre Irong HDTPV Ddnh rang 33 66 12 24 10 Tuy nhien, nhieu GV gap khd khan trcng quatrinh K^o khda qudn 22 44 13 26 15 30 to' chflc hoat ddng nham RLKNVDT cho tre thong Bu$c dSy gISy 20 40 10 25 50 qua HDTPV nhu: CO sdvat chat, d6dung,sdlupng ChSl a&u 15 30 10 20 25 50 tre ddng, tai lieu hudng d i n khdng day du; khdng c6 C&i cijc io 25 50 15 30 10 20 nhieu CO hpi hpc hdi, trau doi them ve IFnh vuc Bang I cho thay, n ^ l^yla npi dung duoc G V lua Ben canh do, mdt s d nguyen nhan khac nliu: kho chpn nhieu nhatde RLKNVDT cho Ire (94%) n)a khan ve khdng gian, thdi gian choi cung gay can lay lamptnpidung n i m chedpsinh hoathang tro qua trinh to chflc hoat dpng, dan den hiSu cua tre.atn/cmgMN,lre thudng njataysau qua cua cdng tac chua cao % % % Choi ngoai ticri, truoc an,sau divesinh.sau Trong qua trinh to chflc boat ddng nhSm hoat dpng ^6c Mat khac, hau het cac trudng MN R LKNVBT cho tre, viec sfl dung cac biSn phap cua hien deu cung cap day du trang thietbico sdvat GVcdnmang tinh ap dat, rap lihudn, chua cdsusang 16 Tap chi Gido due so 360 (kl2-6/2015) tao vaSnh hoat; hinh thflc toehfle cdn ngheo nan, don dieu, vivay chua phathuy dupc vai iFochu dao cuaGV va chu dpng o i k tietrongquatrinhhoatdpng cung nhu chua kich thich duoc hflng thu cua Ire Mpt so'bien phap RLKNVDT cho tre MG 5-6 tuoi thdng qua HDTPV 4.1 Lua chpn HBTPV co npi dung phu hop vdlmucRLKNVBTcho tre KNVBT gdm rat nhieu cac kT nang nho, vi vay GV can lua chpn nhflng HDTPV cd npi dung ptiu hpp vdi tiing kTnang viec RLKNVDT s i p xep vasfldung chung mptcach hop linhu; kTnang quay co'tay, ngdn tay: rua lay, chai dau, danh rang, cai ciic ao ; kT nang co dudi, cam, nam cac ngdn tay: nia tay, xuc cdm, chai dau ; kT nang xde, n i m ban tay: ruamat^chaitdc, macao ; kT nang dan ngon tay: Kia tay De lam duoc dieu nay, GV can: - Thd'ng ke cac HBTPV theo kha nang va thu cua tre; • Lua chpn cac HDTPV tuong flng vdi tling kT nang ctia van dpng tinh can ren luyen; - Tren co so cac HDTPV da lua chpn, GV lap ke hoach cu the vdi tling ndi dung 4S.L$p kehoach chltletvipc RLKNVBT cho tre MG S-S tuoi thong qua tung HBTPV da lua chpn Ke hoach td' chflc RLKNVDT cho Ire Ihdng qua HDTPV chinh la viec GV Iija chpn cachinh thflc, phudng phap, bien phap supham vaphan bd'chung mpt each hop li, theo trinh tu hoatdpng cua cd va tre mpt khoang thdi gian nhatdjnh, nhim toehfle cho trethuc hien cac HDTPV vdi muc dich RLKNVBT cd hieu qua nhai Ban ke hoach to chflc RLKNVBT eho tre thdng qua HDTPV cho tre bao gdm cac bfldc sau:-Muc dieh, yeu cau: la cac muc lieu cuthedatra q^uatrinh RLKNVDT cho tre thdng qua HDTPV; -Chuan bj phudng tien thuc hien, mdi tardng cho tre Ihuc hipri (khdng gian, thdi gian, cac dd dung, trang thidtb|canthi^L j;-Npi dung vahinhlhflc hoat ddngj - Cac bien phap dupc lua chpn: cac each thflc cu the thuc hipn hoat dpng cua cd va tre; - Danh gia k i t qua RLKNVDT cho tre thdng qua HBTPV _ 4.3 Tao moi trudng thuan lpi, hap dan, an toan chotrethuc hien cac HBTPV.B\enp\\apnsi cd y nghTa dac biet quan trpng, anh hudng tmc tie^ den ket qua RLKNVDT cua Ire; tao dilu kien cho tre thuc hiSn cac HDTPV mpt each d l dang, nhanh chdng;ddng thdi kich thich,duy tri dupc hflng thiicua Ire qua trinh thuc hien cac HDTPV Mdt mdi tnidng phli hpp, trudc lien phai dam bao tinh an toan ddi vdi tre, thuan lpi cho Ire qua trinh thuc hidn hoat dOhJ va mang tinh tham m l cao GV can darn bao: - Bdtri dja diem thuan tidn,tao l