s i DUNG DAY DIEN DOI HOA HOG HEN LDYEN TIT DDY LOGIC Clio HOC SINH TRUNG HOC PHO THONG TtlS O O A N C A N H G I A N G " Doi mdi phuong phap day hpo pho thong theo huAig hlnh thanh va phat trien nang[.]
s i DUNG DAY DIEN DOI HOA HOG HEN LDYEN TIT DDY LOGIC Clio HOC SINH TRUNG HOC PHO THONG TtlS O O A N C A N H G I A N G " D oi mdi phuong phap day hpo thong theo huAig hlnh va phat trien nang luc tu cho hoc sinh (HS) la nhu cau tait yeu va da duoc quan tam tOr lau Hoa hgc (HH) la bo mon khoa tipc thuc nghiem 06 rat nhllu uu the viec giup HS phattrien nang luc tuduy sang tao, logic Viec Sli dung day bien doi hoa hpc (DBDHH) (con dupc gpi la day chyen hoa) khong nhung co tac dung cung co kienthiic, ren luyen kinang, macon tot viec phat trien tu H H (neu xay dung dupc cac day chuyen hoa thich hop) Yeu cau chung cua dang bai tap nay, HS phal bo sung nhOng thong tin thieu scf bien doi (dleu klen phan uTig, chat phan ijm^ hoac chat tao ) voimdi bien ddl dupc bieu dien b i n g mpt mui ten {(tng vcri mpt phan ling) Tuy theo dungycOa giao vien, ngudi radema CO the dua cac DBSHH tucmg minh hoac khong tucmg minli DBDHH "tuomg minh" la cho cac chat sP va yeu cau bo sung dilu kien phan ling hoac cho mpt so chat vadieu kien phan iing; DBDHH "khong tucmg niinh" hau het cac chat so vadieu kien phan iing chua dupc cho s i n Dac biet, HHhQu ca, ling vol mpt cong thlic phan tii co the co rat nhieu chat huu co khac (cac chat dong phan) va cung dieu klen phan ling cung sinh nhieu san pham khac nhau, ttii viec phan tich, lua chpn cong thiic cau tao thich hop cho chat so bi§'ndolHH la viec thiivi,doi hoi ngucri hpc phai CO ki§'n thiic co ban chic c h i n Sau day la m p t s o v i d u v e s i i d u n g DBDHH cua cac chathliu codling viec ren luyen tu HH chp HS trung hpc phothong Day chuyen hoa tuong minh Trong day chuyen hoa tucmg minh, cac chat deu dupc cho ro rang ve cong thlic cau tao hoac dilu klen chuyen hoa cac chat De lam dupc bai tap dang nay, HSchlcan bo sung dieu kien phan ting (cotheco nhieu each chuyen hoa) hoac cong thiic cau tgo cua chat Cac HS co hpc luc tmng binh d i u lam dupc nhiing day bien doi nay, vichij yeu yeu cau cua bai tap la tinh chat H H ciJa cac chat 48 Tqp chi Giae due so 361 Vidu Hoan day chuyen hoa C^HJOH I " >CH,CHO _ i L _ > C H , C 0 H _ a _ > CH,COOC,H, Lai glai Khi (1) thucmg la CuO, t "C; (2) la Br,+ Hfl hoac H,0,; (3) laC^HpH^jSO.dac, nong Vidu Hoan day chuy&i hoa BenzenC,H,(A) ^•'' , (B) i*at. IS anool X Chlhig Id dd la d i n xuSi halosen X liSn kgl vdi Ph^ingtktiHX C>1^, nauvSn ti} C no Chi]tig td dd \k ancol don Phan CmgtechH P chijfc Phan ling esie hod cua nnglhemm^sfiian axit cacboxylic vdi ancol C«,H^0j CH, no don chiJc, mach hd -Giam mgt so nguySn NSu cd nhi4u mach ti>Hv&c6lh£C,tang2 nhdnh a vdng banzen thi so nguyfln \\S O I3ng Ifln = C,H.O, nguyfln ILTO CAR - CM hoa m ^ nhanh llh s5 m^ch nhdnh bi oxi hod COB vbng benzen ct\p C>1^ Giam nguv^ tLT hidro 'c^p c^,.,x c^;f Ci\p ct\^ cj