NANG CAO HIEU QUA GIANG DAY MDN GIAD DUG HDD GHO SINH VIEN ThS M A I TRUNG D U N G " 1 Vai net ve thuc trang day va hgc mon Giao due hgc Trong cae tn/dng supham, Gao due/igc(GDH) la mdn hpe mang tinh[.]
NANG CAO HIEU QUA GIANG DAY MDN GIAD DUG HDD GHO SINH VIEN ThS Vai net ve thuc trang day va hgc mon Giao due hgc Trong cae tn/dng supham, Gao due/igc(GDH) la mdn hpe mang tinh nghiep vy, ed vai trd dae biet viee dao tao giao vien Tuy nhien, thuc tiln day va hgc bgmdn dtofdng Dai hoc (DH) Tay Bdc,chiing toi nhan thay ndi len maiy van de eo ban: - Npi dung mdn hpc nang ve li thuyet han lam, khd khan, thieu lien he vdl thuc tiln xd ha, lam eho ngudi hpe khd khan viee tiep thu; - Ptiuong phap day hpe (PPDH) eon thien ve toiyen thy mdt chieu, ngudi hpe tiiy dpng t i ^ thu, dd khdng tao dugc hiing thii doi vdi mon hoc Day li thuyet it gdn vdi thyc hanh,ed thuc hanh lai khong van dung duge li thuyet; - Kiem tra, danh gia ket qua hpc tap cua sinh vien (S V} ehl ehii trpng kien thuc, it chu y den kiem tra, danh gia ndng lue; - Nhieu giao vien nhan tfii/e dugc sucan thiet phai dd'i mdi PPDH mdn G DH theo hucffig phat huy tinh ehii dpng, tieh eye sang tao cua ngudi hpc chua doi mdi mdt each tnet dedo bd tri kip hpc qua ddng (ed Idp len tren 150 SV); ndi dung mdn hpc qua dai ma thdi gian thi khong tuong xung (trong hpephanGDH chdng han, npidung phai eung cap eho ngudihpcquanhieu khai niem, nhung ehicd2 tin ehl); SV chi quen vdi each hpc theo each nghe giang tdgiang vien ma it tham gia xay dung bai Dieu cung CO thedo each dat eau hoi eua giang vien qua don gian d i n den S V khdng thich tham gia tra Idi Thuc trang dd eho tha'y mpt he q^ua la td lanh dao nhato/cmg den SV deu khdng eho rang mon GDH la canthi^.thamehiednhOngSVcdneoimdnGDHIasu am anh vl viia khd khan vua nang ne ma thicucijng ehl la nhiing mon hpe thude bai may mdc mathdi Mgt sd'bien phap nang cao hieu qua giang day mdn GDH cho SV Trudng OH f d y Bdc theo djnh hudng ren luyen nghiep vu s u pham T u s u phan tieh thuc trang tren, vdi gdc nhin cua mpt ngudi nghien cuu, dong thcri tham gia giang day cho SV supham Ta/dng DH Tay Bdc thdi gian qua, chiing toi de xuat mpt sd bien phap nang cao hieu qua day va hoc mdn GDH cho SV su pham 36 Tap chi Gido due so 310 M A I TRUNG D U N G " Tn/dngDH Tay Bdc theo djnh hudng ren luyen nghiep vusupham (NVSP)nhusau: 1) Nang cao nhan thirc cho SV vemuc tieu, nhiem vu cua mon hgc N hiem vu chu yeu cua nha tn/cftig su pham la dao tao dpi ngu giao vien eho cae tn/dng phothong Dehinh klndng (KN)nghe nghiep, ngudi hpc can phai ed kien thue can thiet ve NVSP thong qua mdn Tdm li - GDH d ta/dng sU pham Nhuvay, ed thd'ndi rdng GDH la mdn nghiep vu eoban quan giiip cho ngudi hpc cddugc KN nghe nghiep tuong lai Mdn GDH ednhiem vu trang bj eho SV nhdng kien thiic, KN, thai dgco ban ve hoat dpng day hpc va giao due(GD)desaukhiratrucflighpcdthetd'ehiictdthai hoat ddng linh vuc nghe n g h i ^ cua minh Cu themdn hpc cung cap: - Nhung hiaj biet eoban ve khai niem, pham tniGDH, xu the doi mdi GD tmng va ngoai nude, vemyc dich, nhiem vuGD.Nhdvay,SV dugc lam quen, ndm bdt cac van de li luan GDH, hinh dhp thdva nang lye nghien cdu va hpc lap GDH;-He thdng li luan va thuc teve boat dpng day va hpc, ve nhung nguyen tdc, phuong phap giang day, hpc tap cua giao vien va hge smh eung nhu ma quan hegii/achung TdddgiiipSV hinh vaphattrien KN nghenghi^ ciia minh; -Nhung cosdli luan veGD, nhdng kinh nghiem va nhiing bien phap da dugc tong ket tuthuc tiln GD giiip hged the hieu vavan dung sang taovaocdngtacdayhpcvaGD sau nay;-Nhung k i ^ thdcehungvephuong phap luan, phuong phap nghien eiiu khoa hgc GD, buoc dau hinh dSV KN nghidn cdu khoa hpc Neu SV nhdn thdc diing ddn ve nhung myc ti§u, yeu cau cua mdn hpc nhutren setao ddng co thiic da'y hp tu giac, tieh cue viec hpc tap ndi ehung eung nhutich cue ren luyen KN nghe nghiep noi rienp Day la dieu kien thuan Igi de hinh va phat trien KN nghenghiep.Ngugc Eai, neu nhuSV khdngy thuc dugc mgt each diing ddn nhung myc tieu, yeu eau dd HOB Tam li giao die - TrtfOng Bai hQc Tiky Bae -(ki2-5/2013) thi hp khong CO dpng co, myc dich ro rang hoc tap id la ren luypn va lat yeu dieu se gay kho khin cho suhinhthanh vaphat trien KN nghe nghiep VI vay, viecGD.quan triet deSVylhiicdirocmpt each dung dan muc tieu, ygu cau mon hpc la bien phap quan trpng de nang cao hieu qua day hpc mon GDH theo djnh hi/dng ren luyen NVSP 2) Lap danh muc nhirng KN nghe nghiep can hinh cho SV thong qua mon aiJH Nghien ci)u, soat lai chi/ong trinh mon hpc Iheo dmh huong phattrien nang luc Nang luc day hpc va GD cua SV duoc coi nhu la mpt nhi/ng chuan dau cua chirong trinh dao tao giao vien Can phan tich nang li/c cac cong viec/KN cu the; kel qua cua viec phan tich la lap dupc danh muc cac KN nghe nghiep cua giao vien (KN day hpc va GD) Tl) danh muc phai lap cac ban hirong d j n quy Irinh thi/c hien cho ti)ng KN, chi cac yeu cau ve kien thiic, KN va thai dp cu the cp lien quan den lung KN dp Cothenpi, lap danh mucduoc cac KN nghenghiep c^n hinh cho SV la viec lam co y nghla quan trpng Irong qua Irinh day hpc mon GDH Np vi)a duijrc xem nhu la la ban, viJa ia banh lai de giap vien d?y m6n GDH dinh hudng dupc qua Irinh giang day cung nhir trcng ren luyen chp SV the dec^p den mptso KN nghe nghiep can hinh chpSV Ihpngqua mon GDH nhir; KN xac dinh muc lieu, KN soan bai, KN len lop, KN danh gia tiet day, KN thiet ke va to chiic cac hoat dpng GD, KN giai quyet tinh hud'ng s u p h a m , KN tim hieu hpc sinh, KN GDH sinh ca biet Vi dy, day mdn GDH cho SV chiing tdi da phan lich mdi lien he giOa li thuyet va thuc hanh phan T//t/anGD"nhusau: Hpc pnin b i l hoc JHijc phSn GDH KN nghi nghiep c i n N^l dung kiSn thirc hinh thinh • Kfiai nl$m muc dfch - KN xAc djnh muc lieu day jdai cuonQ, cdc c&o at) cua muc hoc muc heu Itoat d^ng BAihoc Muc dich, dich GD GD Inhi^m vu GD ' Co so xSc dmh muc dich GD j ' Muc dich GD Irong giai do^n hi^n ray Muc lieu CD JHgcphjnll Ll • Khii ni^m Oan chSl - KN l i e dinh cdc nhi^m lluSn d^y hgcvd ir dScdlSm d^ng luc vu day hoc logic ciia q\^A tnnh d^y - KN lay dung d^ng li/c |lu4n GD \B&i hQC, • Qui hoc GD qud Irtnhdayhoc |1nnh d^y hoc: • Khai mem nji aung KN su dung cdc PPDH 1- Nguyen iftc d^y yeu cdu thuc hien c^c - KN nhdn di^n cac Ihdnh hoc - PPDH, • N6t nguyen tdc, dgy hoc phdn cua nQi dung day 'dung d^yhqc GO hoc 1- Hinh ihiic \6 ehuc ' NO* dung dgy hoc Noi -KN xac dmh mucMu d^y hQC, • Qua dung GD loan dien GD ' iinnh GD Nguyen PPDH GD KN gidi quySt tmti hu6ng lldcGD.-Npidung Goad loa chon vevan GD jGD, -Phuong dung PPDH GO phdO GD i jHoc phdn III'T6 Chile nang cua ngtrdt KN xay di/ng kji hogch t Ichuc hoat d^ng |iao vlfln chu nhiflm hoai d4ng GO 'GDOp KN 16 chiic h:nJng din B^i hoc: COng tdc N^i dung cAng Uc chu Ihvc hlfin cac hoai d4ng Ichti nhiem Ido nhiam lOp GD ' 4) Tang cudng toehue hoatdgng ngoai khda bg mon GDH To ehuc cac hoat dpng ngoai khda bg mon la mgt hinh thue hoat dpng hap d i n , thu hiit su tham gia tich cue eua SV, tao co hoi, dieu kien cho SV duge the nghiem va ren luyen cae KN su pham can thiet Trong nhung nam qua bg mon Tam li - GD 3}Phan tich moi iien he giiia ii thuyet va thuc Tardng B H Tay B§e da to ehue hoat dgng ngoai khoa hanh, icie'n thuc va KN nham dinh hudng viec mon hpc cho S V vdi nhieu hinh thiic phong phii nhu: choSV cau lac bg 'Tim ve cuoi nguon", "Udc mo xanh", cau giang day va ren iuyen KN nghenghiep qua trinh day hgc mon GDH Kien thiic la lac bo ren KN day hge dong thdi tham gia cung nha nhan tam li quan trpng dau tien de ren luyen KN tmcfng hang nam to ehu'c hpi thi NVSP cho SV Bat cifmplKN nao cung phaidi/a tren cosdli thuyet Qua to chi^c cac hoat dgng ngoai khoa bg mon, Kien thiic va dpi tupng la hai pham tnj khacnhau Kien chiing toi cho S V tim hieu sau s§c hon ve nghe nghiep, thiic la ket qua cua suphan anh the gidi khach quan, vetruyen thong nghesupham, cac quan die'm GDva ddi tuong latpn tai khach quan Chp nen, muon kham cap nhat eac thong tin ve GD Bong thdi tao co hoi pha dpi tupng can phai cc kien thiic dan dudng Kien cho SV the hien va ren luyen, hoan thien cac KN su thiic cd vai tre rat quan trpng, np djnh hudng, dieu pham, qua ma hinh long yeu nghe, djnh khien, dieu chinh hpat dpng cua ccn ngudi cho phii hudng diing viee hge tap, ren luyen cho SV hpp vdi hpan canh cu the Vi vay, de hinh KN Co the noi day la hinh thuc eo y nghTa dae biet nao dd, ngudi hpc phai co kien tliiic tuong iing Giua kien thilc va KN cd mdi quan he mat thiet vdi quan trgng qua trinh dgy hge bg mon, co tac dung g^n lien viee giang day, hge tap bg mon vcfi viec Kid'n Ihiic la co sd de hinh KN Do dd de hinh Ihanh KN cho SV can phai tim thay mdl lien he giua li ren luyen NVSP eho SV supham thuyS't va thuc hanh, kien thiic va KN (ki2-5/2013) • (Xem ti^ bang 52) Tap chi Gido due so 310 37 ... cho suhinhthanh vaphat trien KN nghe nghiep VI vay, viecGD.quan triet deSVylhiicdirocmpt each dung dan muc tieu, ygu cau mon hpc la bien phap quan trpng de nang cao hieu qua day hpc mon GDH theo. .. cac hoat dpng GD, KN giai quyet tinh hud''ng s u p h a m , KN tim hieu hpc sinh, KN GDH sinh ca biet Vi dy, day mdn GDH cho SV chiing tdi da phan lich mdi lien he giOa li thuyet va thuc hanh phan... quy Irinh thi/c hien cho ti)ng KN, chi cac yeu cau ve kien thiic, KN va thai dp cu the cp lien quan den lung KN dp Cothenpi, lap danh mucduoc cac KN nghenghiep c^n hinh cho SV la viec lam co