Tran Viet Cu6ng Tap chi KHOA HQC & CONG NGHE 88(12) 63 68 VAN DUNG DAY HOC THEO DlT AN TRONG DAY HOC HOC PHAN PHirONG PHAP DAY HOC THEO DINH HlTOfNG R £ N L U Y E N N G H I E P V U SV PHAM CHO SINH VI[.]
Tap chi KHOA HQC & CONG NGHE Tran Viet Cu6ng 88(12): 63-68 VAN DUNG DAY HOC THEO DlT AN TRONG DAY HOC HOC PHAN PHirONG PHAP DAY HOC THEO DINH HlTOfNG R £ N L U Y E N N G H I E P V U SV PHAM CHO SINH VIEN SU^ PHAM • • • • • Tran Viet Cudng' Trifdng DH Suphgm - DLI Thdi Nguyen TOM TAT Day hpc theo du an (DHTDA) la hinh thiic to chiic day hpc hudng vao ngudi hpc, lay ngudi hpc lam trung tam Trong bai bao nay, chiing toi trinh bay mpt each khai quat vl DHTDA, dl xuat mpt s6 tieu chi can thilt lira chpn nhCfng chii dl, nhilng npi dung kiln thiic cd the td chuc DHTDA cho sinh vien (SV) su pham, dl xuSt quy trinh td chiic DHTDA day hpc hpc phan Phuang phap day hpc (PPDH) theo djnh hudng xhn luyen nghiep vy su pham cho SV Phan cudi cua bai bao nay, chiing tdi gidi thieu mdt vi du cd tinh chdt minh hoa cho kha nang van dung DHTDA day hpc hpc phan PPDH cho SV su pham ndi chung va day hpc hpc phSn PPDH mdn Toan cho SV su pham Toan ndi rieng Til' khoa Dgy hoc theo du dn, phuang phdp dgy hoc, tieu chi quy trinh DAY HOC THEO DU' AN Du an la mot qua trinh boat dpng eiia mot hay mpt nhom nguai de thuc hien ke hoach tir de de tao san pham nham dat dugc cac muc dich de Du an hoc tap (DAHT) la mot du an nguo'i hoc thuc hien mot nhiem vu hoc tap phiic hop CO sir ket hop giira ly thuyet va thuc hanh; ket hop kien thiic, ky nang, kinh nghiem thue tien thuoc nhieu ITnh vuc khac DHTDA la hinh thirc to cbtic day hoc nhirng DAHT duoi sir huong dan va dieu khien cua giao vien Nhu vay, DHTDA, nguai hoc phai thuc hien nhiem vu hpc tap phiic hgp co su ket bgp giira ly thuyet va thuc hanh; ket hgp kien thiie, ky nang, kinh nghiem thuc tien thuge nhieu ITnh vuc khac Khi do, nguo'i hgc phai tu lire lap ke hoach, thue hien, danh gia ket qua, cuoi ciing tao dugc nhimg san pham phu bgp vai muc dich va yeu eau da de San pham cuoi cimg ciia cac DAHT rat da dang va phong phu: Co the la mgt buoi thuyet trinh, mgt va kjch, mgt ban bao eao hay mgt trang Web TIEU CHI Ll/A CHON NHUNO N O I DUNG CU THfe TO CHU'C DHTDA CHO SV SU PHAM De t6 ehiic DHTDA cho SV su pham dat dugc hieu qua, theo chiing toi moi ngi dung, ' Tel: 0978.626.727: Email: tranvietcuong2Q06(aigmail.com moi chu de lira chgn de to chuc DHTDA cho SV can dap irng dugc nhung tieu chi sau: Nhirng noi dung dwac lua chgn cdn cd su kit hffp giira ly thuyet v&i time hdnh vd gan v&i nhirng vdn de thuc tien nghe nghiep: DHTDA khong chi nham muc dich la cung cip cho nguai hgc nhu'ng kien thiic ca ban, cSn thiet va co tinh he thong ma thong qua nham muc dich la hinh va phat triln a nguai hgc nhimg ky nang, nhirng nang lire can thiet cuoc song hang Do vay, to cbue DHTDA cho SV, giang vien (GV) can phai lira chgn nhirng ngi dung kien thiic, nhirng chu de hgc tap c6 moi lien he giira ly thuyet voi thuc hanh va gan vai nhirng van de thuc tien nghe nghiep Cac DAHT de tiln hanh t6 chiic DHTDA cho SV can co sir ket bgp giua ly thuyet voi thuc hanh va gan lien vai thuc tien nghe nghiep, giup SV giai quyet dugc nhung van de thiet thuc va gan giii vai cuge song hang Dieu doi hoi SV phai biet each vugt qua dugc nhung khoang each giua ly luan voi thuc tien, giua ly thuyit vai thuc hanh, dua nbiing tri tbirc, nhung kinh nghiem va nhung ky nang ca ban da dugc trang bj qua trinh hgc tap de giai quyet nbii'ng van de gan lien voi thuc tien nghe nghiep va co ich vai ban than Nbiing ngi dung kien thirc dugc lua chgn phai la ca hgi dl giup cho SV dugc tim hieu, giai quylt nbiing van de, nhung nhiem vu hgc tap mang tinh phirc bgp, dap irng dugc nhung yeu 63 Tran Viet Cudng Tap chi KHOA HQC & CONG NGHE 88(12): 63-68 Ngi dung ciia cdc DAHT phdi mang tinh tich hgp cao: Ngi dung ciia cac DAHT can co su kit bgp tri tbirc ciia nhieu ITnh v^rc, nhieu mon bgc khac nham myc dich giai quyet dugc nhung nbi?m vii, nhung van de DAHT dat Mat khac, ngoai vi?c SV phai \an dung nbung tri thirc ciia nhieu ITnh vyc, nhieu mon bgc khac dc giai quyet nbiing van de, nbung nhiem vu hgc tap DAHT dgt thi SV phai sir dung phoi hgp nhieu PPDH, nhieu binh tbirc day hgc khac nhu: Day hgc phat hien va giai quylt van de Day hgc hgp tac de hoan DAHT cua minh cua nguai giao vien se dugc binh va phat trien a m6i SV Chat lugng dao tao giao vien va sy dap irng dugc nhirng yeu cau doi hoi ciia xa hgi bien phu thuge rat lan vao qua trinh ren luy?n nghiep vu su pham ciia SV Mgt SV tot nghi?p trirang Su pham se dugc trang bj day du, co h? thdng nbti-ng tri tbirc khoa hgc ca ban a trinh dg Dai hgc Tuy nhien, khong phai bat ky co dugc nhirng tri thiirc khoa hgc ca ban a trinh dg Dai hgc deu co the trd mgt nguai giao vien tot, vQ-ng vang tren bye giang Vi vay, day hgc nguai GV can phai lya chgn nbii'ng ngi dung, nhirng boat dgng day bgc phii hgp cho dap irng dugc yeu cau vira co the tich luy dugc nhirng kiln tbirc chuyen mon can thiet va vira co the hinh va ren luyen dugc nhung ky nang, nbii'ng NLSP can thilt cho SV qua trinh hgc tap tai truang Su pham TO CHUC DHTDA HQC PHAN PPDH CHO SVSU'PHAM Cdc ngi dung ciia DAHT phdi gdn v&i dinh hu&ng ren luyen nghiep vu sir phgm cho SV: Ren luyen nghiep vu su pham cbo SV su pham la mgt nhirng boat dgng quan trgng, khong thi thieu moi truong Su pham vi thong qua hoat dgng nhung pharn chat, nbiing ky nang va nhung NLSP cAn thiet De t6 chirc DHTDA cbo SV su pham mot each hieu qua, dap iing dugc nbung yeu cau co ban day hgc, giiip SV khong nhirng co dugc nbiing kien thirc ca ban, he thong ma hinh va ren luyen dugc nhirng NLSP can thilt, quy trinh t6 chirc DHTDA cho SV su pham dugc the hien sa sau cau can thiet cua SV cuge song hi?n Nbung ngi dung kien thiic dugc \yta chgn de to chirc DHTDA cho SV phai la mgt ca hgi tot de SV dugc lam vice, dugc tvr minh tim hieu, kham pha de tim tri tbirc, qua binh v;i phat triC-ii nhung ky nang, nhung NLSP can thiet cho ban than QUY TRINH TO CHUC DAY HQC THEO DV AN HQC PHAN PPDH CHO SINH VIEN SU PHAM Giai doan ChuSn bj: Gdm cac cdng viec sau: Hinh DAHT - Chia nhdm hpc tap Giai doan Xay dung ke hoach thuc hien DAHT: Gdm cac cdng viec sau: xay dung kl hoach thuc hien DAHT Giai doan Thuc hien DAHT: Gdm cac nhiem vu sau: Nghien ciru ly thuyet Tim hieu thuc tl tai trudng phd thdng -Giang tap trudc ldp Giai doan Bao cic san pham va danh gia DAHT ciia nhom: Gdm cac cdng viec sau: Bao cao san phim nghien ciru ly thuyit trudc ldp - Giane tap trudc ldp So' 36 Quy trinh td chu-c DHTDA hoc phdn PPDH cho SV suphgm 64 Tran Viet Cudng Tap chi KHOA HQC & CONG NGHE TO CHLTC D H T D A N O I D U N G "DAY H O C D A O H A M V A C A C U"NG D U N G C O A DAO HAM" CHO SV SU' PHAM TOAN Dao ham va cac irng dung ciia Dao ham la mgt nbiing mang kien thiic quan trgng chuang trinh mon Toan a truong thong Vai vj tri va vai tro ciia ngi dung chuong trinh mon Toan a truang thong va tir thuc te giang day chiing toi nhan thay ngi dung da dap irng dugc day du cac tieu chi ve lya chgn cac ngi dung de to chiic DHTDA cbo SV su pham Do vay, ehiing toi da lua chgn cbii de de to chirc DHTDA cho SV su pham Toan Tii' viec nghien ciiu, tim hieu ve chu de nay, SV se tich luy dugc nbiing kien thiic ca ban, can thiet va hinh dugc nhirng ky nang, nhung NLSP can thiet de phuc vu cho giang day sau a truong thong Ke hoach to chirc DHTDA ngi dung "Day hge Dao ham va cac iing dung cua Dao bam cho SV": 1) Tieu de DAHT: Day hgc Dao ham va cac iing dung ciia Dao ham cho hgc sinh thong 2) Thai gian thuc hien: tuan 3) Muc tieu DAHT: Muc tieu cua DAHT dugc xac djnh cu the nhu sau: Ve mat tri thirc: SV nam dugc mgt each khai quat ve ngi dung Dao ham ciing nhung ting dung ciia Dao ham dugc trinh bay chuong trinh thong SV nam dugc each thirc to chirc giang day ngi dung Dao ham va cae iing dung ciia Dao ham cho hge sinh thong Ve mat ren luyen nghiep VIA suphgm: Thong qua to chiic DHTDA, hinh a SV mdt s6 ky nang, NLSP nhu: Nang lyc thiet lap ke hoach cua ban than, nang lyc trien khai ke hoach giao dye va day hgc, nang lyc hgp tac, kha nang dy kien truac cac cong viec, nang lyc tu boi duong nang cao trinh chuyen mon, nghiep vy cua ban than, nang lyc sang tao, nang luc giai quyet cac van de sinh thyc tien day hgc va phat trien kha nang nghien ciiu chuang trinh, sach giao khoa, kha nang lya chgn va nghien ciiu tai lieu Cac ky nane nana hm nav se duac hinh va ren 88(12): 63-68 luyen qua cac boat dgng nhu: Trong qua trinh xay dyng va trien khai thyc bien DAHT, qua hoat dgng nghien ciru, tim hilu tai lieu, chuong trinh sach giao khoa, boat dgng trao doi voi giao vien thong, vai GV, thao luan nhom, boat dgng dy gia 4) Nhiem vu DAHT: Moi nhom hgc tap can tien hanh nhung viec sau: Nghien cim ly thuyet: Tirng vien nhom theo sy phan cong tien hanh nghien ciru, tim hieu nhung van de thuge ngi dung nghien ciru ly thuyet (Ngi dung, chuang trinh chii de Dao ham va eac iing dung ciia Dao ham dugc trinh bay a truang pbo thong, nhung chu y day hgc nhung ngi dung thuoc chii de Dao ham va cac iing dung cua Dao ham ); trao doi, thao luan nhom de cac vien nhom ciing nam dugc cae ngi dung nghien ciru cua nhom; hoan san pham nghien ciiu, ngi dung bao cao san pham nghien ciru cua nhom va bao cao ngi dung nghien cuu truac lop Tim hieu thuc te tgi trudng phd thdng: SV tim hieu viec to chiirc day hgc ngi dung Dao ham va cac iing dung cua Dao ham a truong thong, tien hanh dy 01 tiet day mau thuoc chii de ve Dao ham va cac iing dung ciia Dao ham cua giao vien pbo thong va hoan ban bao cao tbu hoach chung ciia nhom sau dgt di tim hieu thyc te tai truong thong Gidng tap tgi lap: Moi nhom chia nhom nho, moi nhom nho lya chgn mgt tiet thuge chu de Dao ham va cac ung dung cua Dao ham chuong trinh lap 11 va lop 12 de soan giao an, thong qua giao an vdi GV, giang tap nhom va giang tap truac lop 5) Tdi lieu tham khdo [1] Nguyin Ba Kim (2004), PPDH mdn Todn, Nxb Dai hgc Sir pham [2] Nguyin Ba Kim (chu bien) (1994), PPDH mdn Todn phdn Dgy hoc nhimg ndi dung ca bdn, Nxb Giao due [3] Biii Van Nghj (2008), Gido trinh PPDH nhimg ndi dung cu the mdn Todn, Nxb Dai hgc Su pham [4] Cac sach giao khoa, sach bai tap va sach giao vien lap 11 va lop 12 65 Tran Vigt Cudng Tgp chi KHOA HQC & CONG NGHE 88(12): 63-68 6) Ke hogch thuc hi^n Giai doan Chuan bj xay dung kl ^ hoach thuc hien DAHT Thuc hien DAHT 66 Cdng vifc ciia giang vien Cdng vi^c ciia SV Ciing GV dy kiln nhCtng npi dung, nbii'ng chii dl Ciing SV dy kiln nhCTng npi dung, nhtrng chu de cd the IriC-n khai to chirc cd thi triln khai to chirc DHTDA Tir dd, SV ciing DHTDA Tir dd, GV ciing SV vdi GV xac dinh myc tieu ciia DAHT, xac djnh Idp xac djnh myc tiSu cua DAHT, xac nbii'ng cdng vi?c can thuc hien DAHT, xac djnh nh&ng cdng vi^c can thyc hi^n djnh nhCTng san pham can dat dugc sau hoan DAHT \;ic djnh nhfrng san DAHT, dy kiln thdi gian thyc hien DAHT, piiam can dgt dugc sau hoan xac djnh mpt sd mdc thdi gian quan trpng qua DAHT, dy kien thdi gian thyc hien trinh thyc hien DAHT DAHT, xac djnh mpt so mdc thdi gian - Ciing GV to chirc chia cac loai nhdm hpc tap quan trpng qua trinh thyc hi^n Nghe Vii ghi chep cac van dc quan trpng, can thiet DAHT - Cung SV chia cac loai nhdm hpc tap - Gidi thieu tai li?u tham khao can thiet cho SV Giam sat qua trinh lam vi^c va trg Xdy dirng ke hogch thuc hien DAHT: Hpp nhom giiip cac nhdm xay dung ke hoach thuc hien DAHT, xac djnh cac Kiem tra tinh khd thi cua bdn ke cdng viec can trien khai: Nghien ciru 1> thuyet (xac hogch thirc hien DAHT cua cdc nhdm: djnh tieu de cua bai viet, \ac dinh cac ndi dung can Sau cac nhdm nop ban ke hoach chi tim hieu ), tim hieu thuc te d trudng phd thdng, tiet, GV xem xet kl hoach thuc hien soan giao an, giang tap trudc ldp, phan cdng cdng DAHT cua cac nhdm va tir dd cd viec cho tirng vien nhdm (phan cdng nhung ddng gdp y kiln cho ke hoach vien tim hieu timg npi dung cu thi cua phan thyc hien DAHT ciia tirng nhdm nghien ciru ly thu\et viet san pham nghien ciru ly cho kha thi, hieu qua va tilt kiem thdi thuyet ciia nhdm, thilt ke bai bao cao nghien ciru ly thuyet, viet bao cao di thuc tl tai trudng phd gian thdng ) Bao cao GV kl hoach thyc hien DAHT, chinh sira ke hoach theo gdp y cua GV Giam sat qua trinh lam viec va trg Nghien ciru ly thuyit: (I) Timg vien theo giup cac nhdm chu dl phan cdng thu thap, nghien cii'u tai lieu, tim Kiem tra tien thirc hien DAHT: kilm va xu !> thdng tin dl hoan san pham cua Trong qua trinh cac nhdm thuc hien minh (2) Vict san pham nghien cuu cua nhdm: SV DAHT, tren ca sd ke hoach thuc hien dugc phan cdng tdng hgp ndi dung tir cac bai viit DAHT cac nhdm da xay dung va cua tirng vien dl hoan san pham cua phan cdng cdng viec cho cac nhdm (3) Trao ddi, thao luan nhdm dl cac vien cua cac nhdm, GV kiem tra tien vien ciing nam dugc ndi dung ma nhdm dang dp thyc hien cua mdi vien nghien cuu va hoan san phdm nghien cim cua nhdm Neu thay can thilt, GV dieu nhdm (4) Thiet kl bai bao cao san pham nghien chinh, giiip dd de cac vien thuc cuu ly thuyet (5) Trao ddi, thao luan nhdm dl hien nghiem tiic, dung tien dp phan hoan ndi dung bai bao cao va tiln hanh tap viec da dugc giao Trong khau hoan bao cao trudc nhdm thien DAHT, GV ciing can kiem tra Tim hieu thuc ti tgi trudng phd thdng: (1) Hop san pham DAHT ciia cac nhdm xem cd nhdm Uao ddi cac cdng viec cdn thilt di thuc tl phii hgp vdi ndi dung mdn hpc, muc tai Uudng phd thdng (2) Du gid day mlu cua giao tieu ciia DAHT nhu da de hay khdng vien phd thdng (3) Trao ddi vdi giao vien phd de cd nhOng dieu chinh, tu van, trg thdng ve viec trien khai day hpc ndi dung Dao ham giup cho cac nhdm va cac ling dung cua Dao ham d trudng phd" thdng (4) Thao luan nhdm de danh gia, nhan xet tilt day cua giao vien phd thdng va viit thu hoach di thuc tl ^^ „Ai tai trudng phd thdng (S^Hop nhdm th Tran Viet Cudng Bao cao san pham va danh gia DAHT cua nhdm Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE Bdo cdo sdn phdm nghien cuu ly thuyet trudc lap: (1) Cung vdi SV chudn bj CO sd vat chdt dl cac nhdm trinh bay bao cao san pham trudc ldp (2) Gpi SV len bao cao (3) Dat cac cau hdi nham muc dich trao ddi vl ndi dung bai bao cao cho nhdm bao cao (4) Nhan x6t, gdp y va danh gia ve san pham cua timg nhdm - Gidng tap trudc Idp: (1) Ciing vdi SV chuan bj ca sd vat chat can thiet de cac nhdm nhd giang tap trudc ldp (2) Gpi SV len day trudc ldp (3) Nhan xet, gdp y va danh gia tiet day cua tirng nhdm nhd Ddnh gid, nhdn xet ve ket qud thuc hien DAHT cua cdc nhdm: Tir ket qua thuc hien san pham nghien ciru ly thuyet, qua trinh di thuc te tai trudng phd thdng, soan giao an, giang tap trudc ldp GV nhan xet, danh gia qua trinh thuc hien cung nhu ket qua thuc hien DAHT cua cac nhdm KET LUAN DHTDA la mgt hinh thirc day hgc gop phan thyc hien quan diem day hgc djnh huong vao nguai hgc, lay nguai hgc lam trung tam Viec nghien ciiu sau ly luan DHTDA va van dung mgt each sang tao vao day hgc a Viet Nam la mgt van de mang tinh thai sy, can co sy quan tam ciia cae nha giao dye Viec van dung DHTDA mgt each hgp ly se gop phan doi mdi PPDH, nang cao chat lugng hgc tap cua nguai hgc va dac biet se phat trien kha nang ve nghiep vy su pham cho SV su pham 88(12): 63-68 dung bai viet thu hoach di thyc te tai trudng phd thdng (6) Npp bai thu hoach cho GV Gidng tap trudc Idp: (1) Cac nhdm nhd lua chpn npi dung tiet day (2) Hpp nhdm de soan giao an vdi npi dung da lya chpn (3) Thdng qua giao an vdi GV (4) Chinh sira giao an theo yeu cau cua GV (5) Giang tap nhdm nhd Bdo cdo san phdm nghien ciru ly thuyet trudc Idp: (1) Cung vdi giang vien chuan bj ca sd vat chat de cac nhdm trinh bay bao cao san pham trudc ldp (2) Dai di?n cac nhdm (do GV gpi ngau nhien) trinh bay bai bao cao san pham nghien ciru ly thuyet trudc Idp (3) Tap thi ldp nhan x6t, ddng gdp y kien va dua cac cau hdi nhdm muc dich trao ddi ve npi dung bai bao cao (4) SV bao cao hoac dai dien nhdm bao cao tra ldi cac cau hdi GV va tap the ldp dat (5) Cac nhdm tren ca sd nhirng ddng gdp cua GV va tap the ldp hoan chinh san pham nghien ciru ly thuyet va nop san pham nghien ciru ly thuyet cho GV - Gidng tap trudc Idp: (1) Ciing vdi GV chuan bj ca sd vat chat can thiet de cac nhdm nhd giang tap trudc ldp (2) Dai dien cac nhdm nhd cua cac nhdm (do GV gpi ngau nhien) len trinh bay tiet giang trudc ldp (3) Tap the ldp nghe, nhan xet, danh gia va ddng gdp y kien ve tiet day (4) Nop giao an cho GV TAI LIEU THAM KHAO [1] Nguyin Van Cudng, Nguyen Thj Dieu Thao (2004), "DHTDA mdt phuang phap cd chirc nang kep dao tao G V", Tgp chi Gido due, sd 80 [2] Des Matejka, Project Based learning in online postgraduate education Australia, Catholic University, Australia [3] Digumarthi Harshitha (2006), Techniques of teaching computer science, Sonali Publications, New Delhi [4] Nguyin Ba Kim (chu bien) (1994), PPDH mdn Todn phdn Dgy hoc nhirng ndi dung ca bdn, Nxb Giao due [5] Bui van Nghj (2008), Gido trinh PPDH nhirng ndi dung cu the mdn Todn, Nxb Dai hpc Su pham [6] John W Thomas (2000), A review of research on Project - Based Learning, California 67 Trdn Vi^t Cudng Tap chi KHOA HQC & CONG NGHE 8802): 63-68 SUMMARY USING PROJECT-BASED LEARNING TO LECTURE THE CONTENT OF THE TEACHING METHOD APPROACH TO ORIENTED PEDAGOGICAL TRAINING FOR PEDAGOGICAL STUDENTS Tran Viet Cuong* College of Education - TNU Project-based teaching is the teaching method which concentrates on learners and gets the leamers become the center In this article, we would like to show a general concept of project-based teaching, propose somes necessary strategics for teachers to select the subjects and suitable contents applicable to pedagogic students, gives the process of using project-based teaching in the lessons which aim to practise teaching for students The last part in this article gives an example for illustration in which project-based teaching is applicable to Teaching Methods Course for pedogogic students in general and Mathematic Teaching Method for students of Mathematic I'acultN Keywords: Project - based learning, leaching method, criteria, proccs ' Tel: 0978.626.727; Email: tranvietcuong2006@gmail.com 68 ... qua binh v;i phat triC-ii nhung ky nang, nhung NLSP can thiet cho ban than QUY TRINH TO CHUC DAY HQC THEO DV AN HQC PHAN PPDH CHO SINH VIEN SU PHAM Giai doan ChuSn bj: Gdm cac cdng viec sau: Hinh... ngi dung "Day hge Dao ham va cac iing dung cua Dao bam cho SV": 1) Tieu de DAHT: Day hgc Dao ham va cac iing dung ciia Dao ham cho hgc sinh thong 2) Thai gian thuc hien: tuan 3) Muc tieu DAHT:... thilt, quy trinh t6 chirc DHTDA cho SV su pham dugc the hien sa sau cau can thiet cua SV cuge song hi?n Nbung ngi dung kien thiic dugc \yta chgn de to chirc DHTDA cho SV phai la mgt ca hgi tot