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VAN DUNG GA DAO, TUG NGff VIET NAM NHAM KHfll DAY SAY Mt HOC TAP CUA HOC SINH DOI VOl MDN GIAO OOC CONG OAN PGS TS DAO THI NGOC MINH* 1 Gaotfuccdngdan(GDCD)lamptm6n khoa hgc xa hpi cd vj tri, val tro[.]
VAN DUNG GA DAO, TUG NGff VIET NAM NHAM KHfll DAY SAY Mt HOC TAP CUA HOC SINH DOI VOl MDN GIAO OOC CONG OAN PGS TS DAO THI NGOC MINH* Gaotfuccdngdan(GDCD)lamptm6n khoa hgc xa hpi cd vj tri, val tro dae biet quan trpng trudng tmng hpc phothong; gdp phan dao tao nhung ngudi lao dpng mdl vua cdtri thdc khoa hpc, dao due, cd nang luc hoat dpng ttiuc tien, pham chat chinh trj tu tudng, ythdc traeh nhiem vtS cpng dong, gia dinh va ban than Hien phan Idn hpc sinh (HS) thong deu chua y ttidc dupc tam quan trpng cua mon hpc nen v l n xem nhe, tham chi col thudng Thuc te cho thaiy, gid hpc GDCD da phan HS it tap tnjng, hge theo kieu dol phd hoae lam viec rieng Co nhieu nguyen nhan d i n den thuc trang tren, mpt nhdng nguyen nhan co ban la phuang phap day cua giao vien (GV) chua tao duoc hdng thu va mem say me hpc tap d HS Chu yeu GV v l n thuyet trinh mpt chieu khien HS cam ttiay kho khan va nham chan Khi tim hieu veca dao, tue ngd Viet Nam, ehung toi ttiay day la kho tang tti tue rat cd ich eho day hpe GDCD, nhat la phan "Cong din vdi dao tfuc"(G DCD 10), se giup gid hge them sinh dpng va HS say me, thli hpc tap hon Vai trd cua ca dao, tuc n g u day hpc GDCD - p h a n Cong dan vol dao due Ca dao, tue ngu ia di san tinh than quy bau ma ong cha ta da de lai, nd chiem mpt vi tri quan trpng ddi song ttnh ttian cua nhan dan Ca dao, tyc ngdia kho tri thde quy bau ve kinh nghiem eupe swig, dap ll lam ngudi Vi vay, khai thac, van dyng vao day hpc GDCD noi ehung va phan "Cdng dan vdi dao d i ^ ' n d l rieng la dieu can thiet, gop phan nang cao hieu qua day hpc mon hpc Myc tieu cua phan "Cdngdan v&daodik^QUCXi 10) la giup HS nam vung cac gia tri dao dde eua xa hpi, td CO ttiai dp ton trpng cac gia tri dao dde ay, hinh ttianh nhdng hanh vl dng xd phu hgp vdi chuan muc dao ddc; dong ttidi co quyet tam hpc tap, ren luyen de tu hoan thien ban ttian Mpt nhung phuang phap dae luc cho viec day hpe phan 'Cdng din vdidao duc'dat hieu qua cao la sudung ca dao, ttjc ngd Triet li giao dye sau sac cua nhan dan ta da 36 Tap chi Giao due so 308 dugc khai quatva due ketqua ca dao, tuc ngdnhuan sau vao mau thjt moi ngudi dan Viet Nam, nen cac bai hpc dao ddc se trdnen gan gui than thuong nhu ldi nj eua m e, tnjyen ke eiJa ba Qua trinh giao dye dao due cho HS dua tren vl§c khai thac ca dao, tyc ngu la hudng di mang ban sac rieng eua nen giao due nudc nha; gop phan hoan nhiem vy giaodue maDang va Nha nudeta d l Dieu cd y nghla vo cung quan trpng, dae biet la thdi ki hpi nhap quoe te hien Cach thuc van dung ca dao, tuc ngu vao day hoc phan " C o n g dan vdi dao due" Ca dao, tuc ngd Viet Nam co val trd quan trpng viec khoi day niem say me, hdng thii cua HS day hpc phan Vdng dan vdi dao ddc' Tuy nhien, neu qualam dung se gay tac dung nguge, lam eho HS tap trung vao gial thlcli y nghla cua ca^dao, tue ngd ma quen chu y den ngi dung bal hpc Cf day ehung toi xin gidi thieu mpt so hudng van dyng ca dao.tuengdtrong day hpc nhusau: 1) Su dung ca dao, tuc ngu viec giang giai kieh thdc mdi -Ca'c/)//Jt//; Khi phan tich: Tinh yeu la gi?,\iong Bai 12 Vdng dan vdi tinh yeu, hdn nhan vagia dinh' (GDCD 10), cd ttie dua cac nhdm cau ca dao noi ve trang thai cua tinh yeu, sau dd chia Idp ttianh nhom de thao luan: Nhom 1:'Nhd boi hoi boi hoi/Nhu ddng dong ^ nhu ngoi dong than": 'Minh nhdta nhuca nhdmuoi/ Ta nhdminh nhu cudi nhd trang" Nhom 2: 'Dieu say dieu dieu lin/Anh thucmg em mii nhu an phai btja"; 'Qua dinh ngandn dinh/Dinh bao nhieu ngoi thuang minh biy nhiiu' Nhdm 3: Tiich chang an dchi'p chenh/Em nhu thuyen thijngienh denhgiua ddng'; 'Anh ndi vdi em nhuriu chem xud'ng da/Nhura ehem xudng dat/Nhu mit rdt vao tai/Biy gid anh da nghe ai/Bo em giua ehd'n non doai kho ehua?' ' Klioa Giao dnc ctiinli tri, TnTdng 0ai hoc stf pban Ha Not -(ki2-4/2013) ^ Tdng nhdm cu dai dipn len trinh bay cam nhan Vi du: Bang li luan vathuc tien cupc song, eac em cua m inh ve cac trang thai tinh yeu the hien dd hay lam sang to cau ca dao: 'Bi'u thuang liy bi GV dua ket luan cac trang thai cua tinh yeu: nhd, cung/Tuy rang khac gidng nhung ehung mdt giin "de ttiuong,ghen tuong,sau han noi len truyen thong doan ket, yeu ttiuang gimg noi - Cich thd2: Khi ndi tdi quan he giua cha me va cua dan tpc Viet Nam eon caitrongBai12 {GDCD 10),edtheduara nhdng Hay, dudi hinh thdc trie nghiem: Em dong y vdl cau ca dao, tyc ngdtral nguge ve van de cau tyc ngu, ca dao nao hay danh dau X: "Tu dau - Hieu thao: "Cdng cha nhu nui Thaisan/Nghia eho bing tu nhi/Thdcha, kinh me m^li ehan tu'; me nhu nudc ngudn chay ra/Mdt tdng thd me Vha me nudi bang trdi bing be/Con nudi cha kinh cha/Cho tron chuhid'u mai la dao con" me ketdng ngay" • Bat hieu: 'Cha me nuoi bing trdi, bing be/ Viec sudyng ca dao, tuc ngd kiem tra, danh Con nudi cha me ketiJng ngay" giase giup HS co kha nang khai thac, phan tich va lap GV hudng dan HS khalthac ynghTa eua tdng cau luan mpt van de, dong thdi, cd kha nang van dyng tri va chl y nao dung, y nao sai, vl sao? Vcri ket hgp thdc mdn GDCDvao thuc ti§n cupc song nhuvay, se nJt dugc ket luan dung d^n vebon phan cua cai vdi cha me Tuy nhien, GV can chu y Ca dao, tuc ngu cdthe van dung rat nhieu khong nen lam dyng ma dua qua nhieu eau ea mon hpc, CO mon GDCD, lam eho viec day dao, tuc ngu mot bai giang, d i d i n tdi phan tan hpc GDCD ndi ehung va phan "Cdng dan vdi dao su chil y cua HS hoae gay nham chan quatrinh tfirt;"(GDCD 10) noi rieng hap dan, de hieu, d l nhdva day hpc de van dyng vao thuc tien han Tuy nhien, qua 2) Su dung ca dao, tuc ngd on tip vi trinh day hgc, theo tdng chuong, tdng phan ma cdng cd'trlthuc On tgp, cung ep tri thdc day GV CO the su dung mpt each hgp li nhung hinh thdc hpc GDCDcunglampthinhthdequan trpng.Deviec tren de nang cao chat lugng bp mon • en tap CP hieu qua, G V can sd dung nhieu hinh thuc da dang, phong phu Cung vdi eae hinh thde on tap khae, ca dao, tuc ngd se gdp phan da d?ng hoa va Tai li^u tham khao Bui HoSng Son "Khai day nifim thu vdi hpc lam hap d i n HS vdi mon hoc xua van dupc xem smh Uong day hoc mOn Giao due c6ng dan" Tiip chi la khd, kho vatn>u tugng Dgy vd hoc ngdy nay, s6' Te'l 2009 Vi du: Khi on tap, G V cd the dua n h i ^ g cau rat Dinh Van Dure {chu bi€n) Day hpc theo chuSn kien don gian nhu: Em liay eho biet eau tuc ngii: 'Gicijng thuc, kl nSng mon Giao due cong dan lop 10 NXB mqt me chd hoai da nhau" noi idi quan he nao Uong Dgi hgc suphgm, H 2010 gia dinh? Tgi sao? T d d d , giup HS hieu ro quan he Le Thj van Anh - Nguygn Van Hai - Nguyen Thi anh, chj em gia dinh Thao "Khai thac g\k trj cua Iuc nga de giao due dao Hay; Theo em, ngudi dan ong eau tuc ngd dlic cho hoc sinh ph6 thSng qua day hoc phdn eOng lim trai nim the bay thiep/Phan gii chi quyet dan voi dao dlic'Giao due cOng dan ldp W.Tgp chi mqt be nuoi con'6a vi phgm nguyen t i c nao Gido due, s6 27y20\0 Luat Hdn nhan va gia dinh nam 2000 cua nude ta? Tgi sao? Tra ldi: Vi pham nguyen t i c : Hon nhan tu nguyen tien bp, mpt vg mot chong, vg chong binh dang Vi, theo Dieu 18 Chuang cua Luat Hon nhan va gia dinh nam 2000 cua nudc ta thi: Vq chong ehung thuy thuang yeu, quy trqng cham soc, giup danhau, cung xay dt/ng gia dinh no am binh ding, tien bd, hanh phuc ben vung' 3J Su dung ca dao, tiJc ngd kie'm tra danh gii kien thuc Day la hinh thdc giup G V danh giadugc khanang hieuvavan dyng kien thucGDCD cua HS vao gial quyet vain de dat hinh thdc cung cd the van dung ca dao, tyc ngu Vo Ngoc Phan Tuc ngir, ca dao, dan ca Viet Nam NXB Kdn/ipc, H 1997 Luat Hdn nhan va gia dinti aikia 2000 NXB Chi'nh tri qudc gia, H 2000 Ma[ Van Binh (ldng chu bifin) Gido due edng dSn 10 NXB GidorfHC, H.2007 SUMMARY People educaUon is a social science subject which have an very important part in high-school However, most ofthe pupils don't understand clearly this role of this subject It makes them to feel very bored to learn this So that, using the folk-song to teach this subject will Inspire more and more passion for the pupils to learn this Tap chi Gido due so 308 37 (ki2-4/2023)- ... me va cua dan tpc Viet Nam eon caitrongBai12 {GDCD 10),edtheduara nhdng Hay, dudi hinh thdc trie nghiem: Em dong y vdl cau ca dao, tyc ngdtral nguge ve van de cau tyc ngu, ca dao nao hay danh dau... trinh bay cam nhan Vi du: Bang li luan vathuc tien cupc song, eac em cua m inh ve cac trang thai tinh yeu the hien dd hay lam sang to cau ca dao: ''Bi''u thuang liy bi GV dua ket luan cac trang... vebon phan cua cai vdi cha me Tuy nhien, GV can chu y Ca dao, tuc ngu cdthe van dung rat nhieu khong nen lam dyng ma dua qua nhieu eau ea mon hpc, CO mon GDCD, lam eho viec day dao, tuc ngu mot