U I UAW «iAo ctf« • i»»y wgg GIAO OUC GIA TRI DAU OUl; NGHE NGHIEP CHU SINH VIEN HOG NGHE MufiG Ddric BANG ^6MG CLTU LONG TliS, KIEU TH! KI§U THANH" Dao ddc nghe nghiep (DDNN)ia mpt he thdng nhung chu[.]
U I.UAW ôiAo ctfô ã iằằy wgg GIAO OUC GIA TRI DAU OUl; NGHE NGHIEP CHU SINH VIEN HOG NGHE MufiG Ddric BANG ^6MG CLTU LONG TliS, KIEU TH! KI§U T H A N H " D ao ddc nghe nghiep (DDNN)ia mpt he thdng nhung chuan muc gia trj dao due (DD) xa hdi nhung phu hep vdi dac diem cua moi loai nghe DONN phan anh bd mat nhan each cua ngudi lao ddng va trd ddng lue phat Irien nhan each, cac nang Iuc chung va nang Iuc nghe nghiep; qua dd lam tang nang suat, hieu qua hoal ddng nghe nghiep va hoat ddng xa hdi eua mdi ngudi, Dong bang song Cuu Long ta mpt vung chau thd'mau md, mang gia trj van hda vat chatva tinh than phong phu vdi mpt ban sac rat rieng Ben canh nhdng pham chat tdt dep (nhu: nang dpng sang tao, yeu nude nong nan, hao phdng hieu khach, bpc true thang thSn, trpng nhan nghTa, ), ngudi nai day cung bpc id nhiJng han che ldi song, phong each nhu: y thdc ki luat lao dpng chua cao; kem thich nghi vdi tac phong cdng nghiep hien dai, , Vi the viec giao due cac ^ia Irj DD cho sinh vien (SV) hpc nghe vung dong bang song CiJu Long la het sue can thiet va ed y nghTa to Idn n h i m hinh nhung pham chat DD, tao su dong bd giua tri thuc DD, niem tinDD, hanh viva thdi quenODNN nhSmhinhlhanh nhung ngudi lao ddng mdi, nhung cdng nhan, kTlhuat vien, thplanh nghe cdDD, luang tam nghd nghiep dap ung yeu cau cua su nghiep CNH,HOH Giao due gia Iri DONN Giao due gia trj bao gdm mpt he thdng cac tac dpng su pham cd muc dich, cd to chuc vdi nhung ke' hoach, chuong trinh, ndi dung, phuong phap cu the rh§m hinh dngudi dupc giao due mpt he thdng cac gia tri xa hdi Tuy nhien, cac nha trudng, viec giao due gia Irj khdng phai la mot qua Irinh lac ddng mpt chieu ma la su tac dpng qua lai mdi each bien chung giua ngudi day (ddng vai trd chij dao Id' chuc, hudng dan, kich thich boat ddng tich cue cua ngudi hpc) va ngudi hpc (giuvai trd chu dpng, tugiac, tich cue tham gia vao cac hoat ddng da dang de tiep thu, trai nghiem cac gia trj xa hoi) S i ; tuong tac la 20 Tap chi Gido due so 317 net dac trung cP ban cua qua trinh giao due gia trj ndi ehungvagiaodycgiatriDD,DDNN ndirieng, ^ Nhu vay, giao due gia trj DO ta qua trinh bien he Ihdng cac chuan muc D D - I d nhiJng ddi hoi ben ngoai xa hdi dd'i vdicanhan nhung yeu cau ben niem tin, nhu cau, thdi quen cua ngudi dupc giao due; va giao due gia tri DDNN cho SV la taodieu kien de nhan each cua mdi em phat trie'n diing dan ve matDD nghe nghiep cua minh ciing nhulrong lao ddng san xua't, N o i d u n g g l a o d u c O { ) N N cho SV hpc nghe 1) Hinh tri thuc DDNN coban nhu: tinh than tap the, tinh than qud'c te, Idng yeu nucc, Idng nhan ai, thai dp lao dpng, Dd la he thdng cac chuai muc, quy djnh, quy t&c cua nghe nghiep, phlrn chat DD ngudi lao d m g mdi thdi ki CNH, HDH, Nhung npidung naycan dupc cac tnidng day nghe quan tiiel va dua vao npi dung giang day cua cac mon hpc nhSm trang bj cho ngudi hpc nghe cd day du Iri thuc, giup hp s i n sang di vao cudc song lao dpng nghe nghiep sau Tri th lie DDNN giup SV hpc nghe CO djnh hudng, cdnhi/ng hanh vi DDNN vacd cac hanh vi chuan mi/o ung xu Tuy nhien, can phan biet viec hieu tfi Ihuc Q'D khac vdi viec "hpc thupc Idng" mpt each hinh thdc cac chuan muc va nguyen tSc DD 2) Hinh niem tin, nhu cau, dong ca BONN Niem tin BONN la su tin tudng mpt each sau sSc, vdng chSc vao tinh chinh nghiia va linh char ii cua cac chuan muc DO cung nhu suthua nhan tinh tat yeu can phai tdn trpng triet decac chuan muc Sly;la mpt nhung yeu to quyet dinh hanh vi DD cga ngucri ddng thdi cijng la ca sd de bpc Ip cac pham chat y chi cua nhu Idng dung cam, tinh kien tri, kien quyet dau tranh vdi cai xau, Niem tin DONN phu thupc nhieu vao viec trang bj cac tn IhiJe 0 , sir the nghiem nhung hieu biet eupcsdngva * Trailing Cao dang nghe Can Thd -(kll-9/29i^, sinh hoat, viec td'chi>c giao due cua gia dinh, tap the, neu van de • nghi§n cikj va quan sat qiQ vai trd het xahSi, , DdngcaBDchhh la nguyen nhan sau xa, sucquantrpng.Thdng qua viec thuyet trinh baigiang, "ben trong" da dupc ngudi ythdc, trd dpng giang vien lao cac mau thuan, dua SV vao cac tinh lye chinh lam ca sd cho hanh ddng cua ngudi hudng phai nhan thuc, suy nghi, tim tdi, sang tao cac mdi quan he xa hdi, bien hanh ddng eua Bang ndluccLia chinh minh, SVty minh chiem ITnh ngudi hanh vi 0 , Vi vay, viec hinh nhung kien thdc va van dung nhung kien thuc dd vao va giao due DD cho SV hpc nghe khdng nhung nham Irong thyc te Day chinh la ngudi thay da day cho SV trang bi, ren luyen tri thdc, ni^m tin 0 ma cdn can tao each hpc, cdn SV hpc each hpc, Idn Irpng each hoc dung dupc cac ddng coDD vijng vang dhp, Nhucau 2) Boi vdi hoat dpng ngoai l(h6a viec tdchi/c eOlanhiJng mong mudn, ddi hdi cua ca nhan ve cac cac budi sinh hoat tap the, cac hoal dpng xa hdi se hanh vi 0 ddi vdi hanh cac ca nhan khac va cua giijp SV cdy thuc cac phong trao chung, qua dd chinh minh cac mdi quan he xa hoi (nhu: thai hinh dcac em nhirng pham chat lot dep nhusu doan can, suchu dao, Idng trac an,,,,); dupc xem nhu bao dung, yeu thuong, Idn Irpng,, ngudi khac, Neu lampt loai dpng CO thuc day va dieu chinh hanh vi cua guong la phuong phap ed su'c thuyet phuc va cam ca nhSn Nhu cau DD nam he thdng nhu cau hda cao dd'i vdi SV Irong cac hoat ddng nhu vay, cua ca nhan, dieu kien nhat djnh se dupe the Nhirng hinh thuc giao due DDNN choSV hien ro va dan xac dinh dupc dd'i tupng (con ngudi, 1) Thong qua viec day nghe, Id nha trudng cdng viec, thai dp,,., cu the) de Ihoa man nhu cau dd, cung cap cho SV hethdng nhung tii thdc DD can thiet 3) Hinh thinh hanh vi va thai quen DDNN nghe nghiep; giup cac em nhan va phan biet Hanh viDB la mpt hanh ddng tu giac dupc thuc day dupc cac hien tupng 0 va hien tupng phi DD dang bdimpt dpng CO coy nghTa ve DO (vidu, trudng dien cudc song hang ngay; biet phat huy, hpc, hpc sinh phai kinh thay, yeu ban; trung thuc Irong nhan rpng cac hanh vi DO phii hpp ciing nhu kim hpc tap, khdng quay cdp,, ) Trong quan he hang ham cac hanh vi chua phu hpp chuan mycDO dban ngay, hanh viOO can dupc iuddng hda", ludn dupc than Cd tri thdcOO, SV hpc nghe se hinh Ihanh dupc the gidi quan khoa hoc, nhan sinh quan cdng san, "sin sang" - tuc !a trd thdi quen 0 , Thoiquen BD la nhung hanh vi DO on dinh cDa lam casdvL/ng chac cho xaydLftig pham chat DO xa ngudi, da trd "nhu cau 0 " cua ngudi dd hdi chu nghTa eua cac em N&J nhu cau dupc thda man, ngudi cam thay Viec cung cap tri thuc DD la nhiem vucua tatca de chiu, qua dd thuc day hanh vi 0 cua ngudi cac mdr hpc li thuyet nghe, thuc hanh nghe cac Vi vay, cac tnrdng nghe can giao due, ren iuyen cho CO sdday nghe, dac biet la ddi vdi cac mon khoa hpc SV cd dupc nhCmg thdi quen DD va bien nhiJng thdi xa hdi quen dd trd pham chat 0 , nhung net 2) Thong qua hoat dpng, giao tiep, thuc tien tinh each cua cac em, Thaquen DD trang nghe nghiep ng'fte'no/j/^.Thyt; lien nghenghiepsdiddng vdi nhung SB la yeu idndi lien giiJaythUe, tri thdc DONN va hanh bien ddi, Ihay ddi nhanh chdng yeu cau cdng vi DONN, lam cho hanh vi DO va Iri thuc DO thdng viec,trongcdngngheciJng nhu yeu cau ve pham chat nhat, an khdp vdi Mudn cd thdi quen 0 , cac 0 , tac phong lao ddng,,,, cung chinh la mdi trudng tnidng can to' chuc cac hoat ddng hpc tap, lao ddng, ren luyen suthLT thach, sue chiu dung, kha nang thich tht/c hanh, thuc tap nghe nghiep lam cho hanh vi DO ung cija ngucfi lao ddng,,,, Cho nen, viec cho SV hpc dupc lap di lap lainhleu Ian mpt cached he thdng Dieu nghe dupe tham gia thyc hien cac hoal dpng, tham ddi su nd lye eua ca cac ca sd day nghe cung nhap vao cac mdi quan he giao tiep ttiye lien nhu ban than SV phaicd nhirng hieu biet sau s^c ve nghe nghiep la mpt Irong nhirng dudng giao due cac chuan muc 0 cua nghe nghiep, cd niem tin DD cac pham chatOONN vd ciing huu Ich cho cac em va vihg ben, cd nhu cau va ddng ca DONN cao ca, ca nha tn/dng cung nhu toan xa hdi, Cac nha trudng sang, day nghe c^n coi trpng valao dieu kien thuan Ipi de cac Mot so yeu cS'u giao d^c BQHH cho em cd CO hdi dupc tiep xiic vdi thyc le nghe nghiep thdng qua viec tham gia cac hoat dpng nghe nghiep SV hoc nghe cung nliucac mdi quan he nghe nghiep 1} Boi vai hoat dong giang d?y can van dung, phdi hap mot each hpp li cac kieu phuang phap day 3) Thong qua ren luyen, ttr ren luyen, tu tu hoc vdi (nhu: thuyet trinh, neu van de • nghien dudng nhSm kh^c phuc nhung nhan thdc sai lam, cihj, van dap, quan sat, ), phucmg phap nhijng thdi quen va hanh vi trai 0 cung nhu bdi (kil-9/2013)- Tap chi Giao due so 317 21 Ap dung mo hinh can thiep dudng.cungcdnhii'ng hanh v i 0 , Ihuc day suhoan thien nhan each cua ban than Khi cd sulutu dudng, (Tiep theo Irang 19) turen luyen cac pham chatDONN ciia ban than la ddcon ngudi da chiem linh, lam chiJdupc nhung muc deu han che, chua cd kinh nghiem, thie'u sydao tieu, phuang phap, phuang tien ma xa hdi, tap the, tao bai ban cung nhu su hpp tac, chia segiifa cac TT, nhdm dagiao dye minh va "chuyen hoa" nhung didu dac biet, sy tham gia cua gia dinh Ire cdn chua thi/e cdng cu rieng de van dung vac suphat trien su hieu qua,,.; - Nganh GD nude ta da b^t dau chu DDNN tiep theo eua chinh minh, Liic nay, chu the da trpng hon vao CTS cho Ire KTTT nhung cdn thie'u b^t dau xac lap dupc mot he thdng cac quan diem nhieu TT GTS ed phuong phap hieu qua; • Phan Idn DD, niem tin, nhu cau 0 (bieu thj d budc dau hinh can bp cac ca sd, chuyen vien can thiep chu yeu la djnh hudng gia tri va tinh san sang hanh ddng GV vacan bptam li, thieu GV trj lieu vengdj nguva DD) va tat ca nhung net dd diu dupe van hanh, thuc hanh vi ; • Sp phat trien md hinh CTS chu yeu ka thi cac hanh vi 0 ma sau mdi ian deu dupc lu mang tinh hinh Ihuc va chi mdi dap ung dupc mot danh gia, so sanh, dd'i chieu bdi luang tam, Idng tu each luang dd'i nhu cau cac gia dinh; - Thieu suphdi trpng, danh du, hpp chat che giua y te'va GD; - Chua cd suquan li thdng nhat cua co quan chuc nang ve ndi dung, chat Sy hinh va phat trien cac pham chat DO cua lupng kham, phat hien va CTS cua cac TT, mdi ca nhan la ca mpt qua Irinh lau dai va phUc tap 2) Kien nghr Tren cp sd ap dung md hinh CTS Nhung ngudi lam cdng lac giao due cac trudng nghec&n nam vung muc dich, muc tieu, phuang ph£p cua Chau Au vao TT Sao Mai, chung tdi dexuat mpt sdkien nghj nhusau: - Cac bac sT, chuyen gia,GV giaoduc giatriOO cho SV hpc nghddehudng dan,giiip ddva udn nSn cac em thuc hien cac hanh viDDNN mot can dupc dao tao nhieu hon ve phal hien sdm vacac hinh thuc CTS cho Ire KTTT, cd nhuvay Ire mdi dupc each thudng xuyen; tao dupc nhiJng du luan lap the lanh manh de ddng tinh, ung hpnhiJng thdi quen, hanh chan trj va cham chu'a kip thdi; - Cac TT tham kham vIODNN hoac hudng dan, kiem tra nhiJng tri thuc, 0 , va dieu trj CTS can cd sy tiep can y te de chan doan niem tin QQ va hanh vi DONN cua mdi SV; hudng dan, sdm va tu van tdt; - Nha nude nen dau tu md cac djch lap ke hoach ren luyen, tu duong DD va chu dpng phoi vu phii hpp cho thieu nien va ngudi idn KTTT ket hpp vdi gia dinh, xa hdi viec hinh Ihanh va ren de giup hp tu lap va hda nhap cdng ddng; - Can c6 nhieu chuong trinh hd trp gia dinh cd Ire KTTT dupc iuyencaepham chatDONN dngudi hoc Q tham gia vao cac hoat ddng xa hdi, cd su tham gia cua tre KTTT; - Nha nude nen sdm cd mot chuorg Tai li^u tham kliSo trinh CTS chuan, bien che dpi ngu GV GDDB Pham Ngoc UySn - NguySn Van Hiing Tam li h(jf nghe nghiep Tdng cue day ngh^ Bd Lao ddng - cac TT tu nhan va cac co sd Nha nUPcQ Tlnimig binh vd Xd hdi Ha N^i 2005, T^lli^u tham khao Nguyen Dtic Tri Giao due nghe nghiep - mdt sO 1, Kl ye'u hpi Ihao khoa hgc: "Gido due ddc bi^t Vift vin de U lu^n va thirt tihn NXB Khoa hoc >:d hfii Nam kinh nghiim vd iriin vpng" NXB Dai hpc sir H.2010 pham.H.2012 Pham Minh Hac - Thai Duy TuyCn, Djnh huihig pit Dinh NguySn Trang Thu "Thuc trang hoal ddng trj eon nginii Vitit Nam thoi ki d^i moi va hOi nh$p can iliifp sdm cho tre khuyet tdt mdi sd casd tai HH NXB Chinh irj qud'c gia - Su ihdL H 2012 Ndi - Hue' - Thdnh phd'Hd Chi Minh vd bdi hoc kinh Thai Duy Tuyen Tri^l hgc gido due Vi^t Nam nghiem id: Nh^t Bdn " Ki y^u hpi ihao khoa hpc NXB NXB Dgi hgc supham Hd N(>i 2007 Dai hQC supham Hd N0i 2012 SUMMARY SUMMARY This article presents requirements, contents and meUiods of professional ethics education for students of vocational training schools in the Mekong river delta with a view to increasing the quality and effectiveness of local human resources, meeting the requirements of national industrialization and modemizaUon EarlyInlervenUon forchlldren with disablliUesIn special education models are increasingly more Interested in our country Sao Mai Center is considered to be one of the first specialized centerin Viet: nam to apply this European model for ISyeais and have gained remarkable achievements The articfe introduces the outline an this model 22 Tap chi Gido due so 317 -(kil-9/2013) ... sue chiu dung, kha nang thich tht/c hanh, thuc tap nghe nghiep lam cho hanh vi DO ung cija ngucfi lao ddng,,,, Cho nen, viec cho SV hpc dupc lap di lap lainhleu Ian mpt cached he thdng Dieu nghe... giao due DDNN choSV hien ro va dan xac dinh dupc dd''i tupng (con ngudi, 1) Thong qua viec day nghe, Id nha trudng cdng viec, thai dp,,., cu the) de Ihoa man nhu cau dd, cung cap cho SV hethdng... Ihanh dupc the gidi quan khoa hoc, nhan sinh quan cdng san, "sin sang" - tuc !a trd thdi quen 0 , Thoiquen BD la nhung hanh vi DO on dinh cDa lam casdvL/ng chac cho xaydLftig pham chat DO xa ngudi,