IJiNH DAO SANG TAO VA SI I VAN OUNG LANH DAO SANG TAO TROho fRUaWQ HOC NGUYEN THU TRANG'''' 1 "Lanh dao s6ng t^io" (LOST) la mptkhainipm mdi, neu len mdi quan he giua sang tao (ST) va lanh tfao(LO) Theo[.]
IJiNH DAO SANG TAO VA SII VAN OUNG LANH DAO SANG TAO TROho fRUaWQ HOC NGUYEN THU TRANG' Nha LOST hieu ring ngudi coxu hudng lam theo sy mong dai cua ngudi khac dd'i vdi minh 4)0anhgiaeaogiatrlbanlhan.Conr\giicli^uit]^ ttiehiendmdtmtitdpcaohonkhihpdupcbdclpnhiJng ttie manh, sdtn/dng, tai nang ya muc lieu nhj&cua minh hon la hp phai cd ging phii hpp vdi mot so _ nhiem vy dupc giao mgt each ap dat va khudn mau .^~ 5) Khuyen Ichich va khen thudng tinh S r N I ^ LOST hieu ring, mpt the'gidi vdi nhifng sy da thay nhanh chdng, sy ST la yeu cau eo ban dem^oa nhan, cac tochuc va ea xa hdi tdn tai Hp the hi^n tinh ST chinh hanh vi cua minh valao mdt moi' tnjdng nham khieh le va khen thudng tinh ST cua nhimg ngudi khac 6) Luon tan tam vdi mpt qua trinh thay da, lien tuc va thao each dieu khien suthay^ Komives, Lucas & MeMahon (2007) cho ring, doi Nha LOST hieu sy khac giua cac iS LOST nhu la quy trinh bien nhung ytudng Ihanh nhung chiic ITnh" va to chtic "ddng", dong thdi mong muon thaydatich cuc.Quan diem LOST cdng nhan viec LO thuc day tinh ST id chdc ciia minh khai thae cac hieu bilt v l ST; nhan manh khia canh 7) Nhan manh viec thiic day "npi luc" half quan he va gay anh hudng eiia LO, xac dinh cac muc "ngoailuc" Uha LOST hieu ring tieh, suphat tteu quan trpng bdi canh ciia the ki XXI tfien, hoan cdng viec, tinh than trach nhi^m va Nhirng pham chat cua lanh dao sang tao Trong cud'n sach T h e Adult learner, A su thang lien la cln thiet; hieu ring chinh sach to Neglected Species", tac gia Malcolm Knowles (Dai chuc, sy giam sat, lien iuong, dja vj, khdng phaila hoc Queensland, 1983) da neu nguyen li cua dieu thiet yeu dedal dutfe hieu suat cao 8) Khieh IS ngudi khae tu dinh hudng bin LOST, gom: 1) Bua mpt loat nhung gia dinh khac than LOST nhan thdc mdt each tryc giac vettidi gian (mang tinh tich cue) veban chat cua ngudi - dd la mdt dac tinh pho' qual ciia qua trinh tn/dng Nha LOST cd nilm tin vao nguiji, lao eho nhan thanh; la su chuyen ddi Id trang thai phy thupc sang vien nhungcphpiedtinh thach th tic va giao phdtrach trang thai cua su ty dinh hudng ban than nhiem cho hp, Khi nhan thay ban ttian cung "edquyen Giao due can den nhtrng nha LOST "'' Iyc", cac nhan vien se lam viec ST hon, hieu qua hon Nhimg phan tich tren day cho ttiay, nha LOST va qua ma hpdat duoc se Idn han ddng vai trd tien quyel den sy phat trien mot t^ chiic 2) Co sit cam ket dmuc tuong xung do) vdi ST dau cd nha LOST, noi dd se duoc phatlrien, mptquyeidinh mahpdatham giavaoquatrinh mpt each toan dien khdng chi d khia Cqinh Igri nhuan quyei dinh Vi vay, tiing bude lap ke hoach, ma quan trpng hon la sy phat trien ngudi Trong nha LOST can co ngh^ thuat, xae djnh dung ddi tuang G D, sy hien dien cua cac nha LOST la dilu kien thuan hudng tdi va ea mdi trudng xung quanh loi detilm nang ST cua dpi ngii nha giao duqrc b$c Id 3} Tin tudng va biet each van dung sue manh cua kha nang ttr tien doan cua ban than * Vim NgtiiiD cilli ia phat triea giita iw - Sd KH-CN Iti Mpi "Lanh dao s6ng t^io" (LOST) la mptkhainipm mdi, neu len mdi quan he giua sang tao (ST) va lanh tfao(LO) Theo Puccio,Murdockva Mance (2007), dcap dp ca ban nha't, cd the hieu ST nhu la su san sinh nhung y tudng "mdi la" va "hiJu ich" Neu nhu "LD" dupe hieu nhu la su gay anh hudng tieh eye den eon ngudi, bdi canh va kel qua, thi "LOST" dupc djnh nghTa la kha nang van dung tri tudng tupng nhlm xae djnh va d i n d l l nhdm (hoac td chdc) hudng tdi mdt mue tieu mdi me, Theo dd, eac nha LD cd anh hudng sau sle va tich cue tdi mditrudng, hoan canh cting nhucac ea nhan cac mdi tn/dng dd, Tri tudng luang duac nha LO su dyng de' xay dyng vien canh tuai mdi ctia to chuc ma ho mong mud'n hudng tdi Tap chi Giao due so 314 ~(ki2-7/2013} Rieng trong-tiudnghpc.ratcan den nhifng/i^ij//u'i:^gr 3) Giao viSn la nhung ngudi co kha nang ST sa'fjgteo(HTST) vl nhiing li sau: va din dit hpe sinh ST Trong nha trudng phd' 1} Truong hpc sang tao la nhin td'quan trpng thdng d Viet Nam hien nay, van cdn hien tupng giao d^hSthShg GD phattrien,C6{her\o\,6$con ngm vien dudng nhu phai thye hien cac nhiem vu day hpc cdthehpcST mptcach tdtrhatvasdmnhatcd^l, mdi ciia hp mdi each edng nhac theo kieu chap hanh tnidng hpc ciia the ki XXI phai la tn/dng hpc sang tao menh lenh tdtren xudng Soan giao an, ten Idp, danh Theo li thuyet he thd'ng, mdi trudng hpc la mpt gia hpc sinh , lat ca deu phai thyc hien dting theo "phantd'eija helhd'ng GD.Trorg qua trinh phatlrien cae hudng dan cu the, phan phdi chuong trinh chi cua he Ihdng,cae tn/dng hpe phai tuan theo cai ehung tilt,.,, cung nhU chju su kiem tra, tra, giam sat ciia nen GD nhu trilt li GD, cache quan li, chuong nghiem ngat ciia eac cap quan li Kieu quan li trinh hpc, Song ben canh dd, mdi truting hpe lai ed giiip giao vien trd nen nghiem tuc vdi nghe day hpc tinh dpc lap tuong ddi; cd mdc dp lydo nhat djnh; ed ciia minh, song d mdc dp nao dd lai kim ham sy ty nhQng chiic nang rieng biet va duae phep van ddng ST eua hp, mdtcachriengbiet 06 laeo hpide mdi trudng hpc ed Ivludncholiem nang STcuaGV dupe bdc Id, ngutirt the trd trudng hpe sang tao, ma d dd mpi sang HTST tnjtic het ein tin tudng rang: vdi trinh dp ehuyen kien day hpc deu ed kha nang bien hien thuc mdn va Idng say me nghe nghiep, GV cdthe dan dat Vai trd cua nha LO ta/dng hpc la ST nhiing viln hpc sinh ST bing eac phuang phap day hpc ST mpt eanh cua trudng hpc, xay dung ke hoach chien iupc each tdt nhat, Khi duac LO tin tudng giao phd, ehic phatlrien va uu lien sudung nguon Iyc cho ST chan hp seed them ddng lue deST, ST-dupe xet den 2} Day - hpc ludn la qua trinh ST Day hpc la khdng ehilatiem nang ctia ngudi lao ddng, mad khia quatrinh lai lao tri IhUc Song mdtthlgidi khdng canh nhu cau, pham chat duoe hieu la nhu eau ngiing bien doi vdi lupng thdng tin vd cting phong phti mong muon duac tu the hien ban than minh thi ngudi thay khdng edn ddng vai trd "ddc quyen tri (theo Maslow, day la nhu clu eao nhlt bae th tic" nua Cd rat nhieu cdng cu giup ngudi hpc CO the thang nhu cau ctia ngudi to ehiie) khai thac thdrg tin, chiem llnh tri tht/c Do dd, vai trd Cdthe noi, HTST la nhan tdquan trpng edihelam ciia ngudi thiy Itic la day ngudi hpc each hpc, nen nhilu thay ddi GD Vi mpi thay ddi each sd hdu eac tri ihiic tu cae cdng cu hpc tap Qua GD, dli duoc nghien Cliu kT ludng ve mat li Ihuyet den trinh day hpc bien quatrinh ma ngudi dau chang mia, thi tinh huu ieh eiia nd phai dupe van hpe thu thap, xii li va bien doi thdng tin tri thdc dung tiing trudng hpe, di den vdi tiing hoc sinh huu ich cho minh Dieu dd ed nghTa la, qua trinh day Mudn vay, nhat thiet cac trudng hpc phai cd nhi/ng hoc bien qua trtnh tuhoc Va dd, qua trinh HT lien phong ST, ludr biet "quan sat, tu day hpc hien dai hien huu tinh ST, thay vi sy nhdi va hanh dprg mdt each khac biet nhlm tang co hdi nhet, thy ddng nhu each day hpe truyen thd'ng, ddi vdi ngudi hpc" (Stoll& Tempertey, 2009) Oequa trinh day hpc dupe dien nhuvay, khdng Nhung dac diem cua HTST chiban than ngudi hpc phai thay ddi nhan thuc, ngudi 1)Cd tam nhin chien lupc mang tinh ST.UISI dgy phai mgnh dan thay ddi phuang phap, ma ludn bill hlnh dung v l "vien canh" cua nha trudng ST cdn can den mdt nhan idvd ciing quan trpng, dd ia vd^ cac sang kiln day hpc dem lai cai mdi va eai hdu mditrudng hpc tap Od phai la mdi trudng ludn danh ich eho ngudi hpc, nguiji day va cho xahpi Viln canh cho suST Khdng khae, chinh cac nha LD trudng dddupc the hien eac tuydn bdvesumenh, tam hpc la ngudi ed traeh nhiem va ed kha nang nhilu nhin, gia In ciia nhatrudng eung nhuduac ke hoach nhlt viec xay dyng mdi trudng day hpc ST, Ve hda k l hogch ehien luae phal trien nha In/dng khia canh v|t chit, HT nha trudng can cd cai nhin 2) Yeu thich va hieu biei veST M udn xay dyng long quat trang viec thay ddi canh quan trudng hpc mdt truijng hpc ST, ddi hdi HT phai yeu thich sy ST, cho nao bd ngudi hpc duoc kich thich tdt nhat d tlic la CO ham mud'n ddi mtji'valao nhung gia tri mdi gdc dp tinh than, ngoai viee biet cdng nhan va khuyen eho tnj'dng hpc, tmyen nhiel huyet tdi cho tap the su khich lydo ST cua mdi giao vien, hpc sinh , HT nha phgm nha trudng; cd nhiing kiln thdc ea ban ve ST, trudng cln din d l l cac ca nhan, cae nhdm va tap the sr/ioc(Creatology), ve cac quy luat ctia ST,.,, de c6 supham bill chap nhan va tdn trpng cac ytudng ST thevan dung cac quatrinh quyet djnh va giai lan quyet van de Khi nha LOcdtu va kTnang tuduy (ki 2-7/2013)- Tap chi Gido due so 314 ST, nhat djnh qua trinh i6 chdc day hpc ST se dupc thyc hien cdng 3) La ngudi dang lin c$y valuon tin tudng giao vien HT phai ludn tin tudng ring giao vien eung cd ham mudn va kha nang ST Nilm tin ddphaiduoc biln nhifng co chl, quylt djnh cy the danh cho giao vier cua nha Irudng viec khuyen khich su ST HT can trao quyen tychii chuydn mdn nhilu hon, Idi cuon va cho phep giao vien tham gia nhilu hon vao cac quylt djnh cua nha Iruiimg, danh gia va uu tien khen Ihudng cho nhiing y tudng ST; ed sydam bao an loan, chip nhan mao hiem cho nhung ST ciia GV - vi an chua ST bao gid ciing cd rui ro, Nghien ciiu cua Stoll & Temperiey eho thay, noi rao ma tap the giao vien, nhan vien khdng dal nilm tin vao ngudi LD Ihi hose khdng sin sang eho nhdng ST Cd the ndi, uy tin ctia HT la dieu kien quan trpng hang dau dengudi day cdng hien tai nang cua minh chonhalruijng 4) Co nang luc tochuc day hgc ST Day la nang lue ca ban nhat cua HT Tren co sd ciia nang Iyc tu ST, HT cln to chdc qua trinh day hoe eho ngudi day va ngudi hpc cd the phat huy duoc td'i da kha rang ST, eu the: xay dt/ng moi Irudng dgy hoc ST (tan dung mdi trutjng ly nhien, thiet kimdi tn/dng cd dung y su pham, xay di^g van hda nha tivdng); cd nang Iyc huy ddng va sddung eae ngudn lye phuc vu cho ST (bao gom nguon Iyc ngudi, lai chinh, ICT, ) Cang nhieu thdng tin se eang ed ea hdi san sinh nhung y tudng ST; dd, ta/dng hpc nlu cd day du cac cdng cu ICT thi quatrinh dgy hpe cang d l dang kiln tao nhung tri thuc mdi, san pham md^, Nhung dac diem tren khiduoc nghien cdu kT ludng theo hudng liep can nang lye ed the xay dung md hinh nang lye eua nha lanh dao ta/dng hpc ST, gdp phln vao quatrinh dao tao bdi dudng cung nhu danh gia nang lye eua dpi ngu HT quatrinh thyc hien ddi mdi GD Neu chung ta tin tudng ring mpi ngutii diu ed kha nang ST va ST cd the hpc dupe, thi viec moi HT trd nha LO ta/dng hpe ST la tat yeu Dilu quan trpng !a hp cd dam vupt qua cac rao can v l van hda va nhung rang bupc co ehe quan li de tao nen bude dot pha hay khdng? U Trdn Th( Bicti Lifiu "Dua gifio dye sSng t?o v& trinyng hgc Vi^t Nam nhir thg nfio?" Tftp chf Qudn H ^ido d{jc sd 33 thfing 12/2012 Jeffrey D,Zacko-Smiib - Gerard I.Puccio - Marie Mance Creative leadership: Wekome to the 21" century Academic Exchange Quarterly, 2010 Louise StoJi-Julie Temperiey Creative leadership: schallenge of our limes School leadership and Management: Formerly School Organisation, 2009 Pat Thom,son Crealive leadership: a new category or more of the same ? Journal of educational administration and history (vol.43), 2010 h tlp://www, nea.gov/resources/lessons/MCCANN2 HTML SUMMARY Lumsdalne said: TO find the answer In school, we need knowledge To find the answer tn life, we need creaUvHy" Therefore If educaUon ia to sever life, why not we learn the creativity from school ?Forschooi to teach and learn creatively, first of all the headS school should pioneer, recoffiizeandeigjiolt theawar^ ness of creativity In order to organize teaching and learning activities That leadership is called creaUK leadership This article would like to point some sden tific opinions on creaUve leadership and the apf# caUon of creaUve leadership in schools | Quan li chat lirgng Oao tao (Tiep theo trang 7} Xay dyng phong each Iam viec mdi phu hop vdi sijT phat then dan tri, tiep can, hpi nhap qudc te nhlm tan dung mpi ca hdi phatlrien he thdng day nghl ngang tam khu vye va qude t l , Q (1) NguySn Quang Toan, ISO 9000 v i TQM - Thift lap hf thtfng quan If t^p trung vao chA't lug'ng va huDUg vao khdch hang NXB £)(ii hgc qudc gia TP.Hd Chi Minh.2m\ Tai li^u tham khdo 1, NguySn Minh Diiiyng • Phan Vfln Kha DSo t^O nhSn \ijK ddp ling y£u cSu cdng nghidp h6a, hifn dai h