NANG LUC THUC NitN VAN D l CAN DAC Bier QUAN TAM TRONIS Dfiii MOI CAN BAN, T O A N D I E N N£N GIAO DUC O PGS TS TRAN TRUNG VnS NGUYEN TH^ D A N '''' Vdn kiSn Hdi nghj idn thu ba Ban Chop hdnh Trung uong[.]
NANG LUC THUC NitN - VAN D l CAN DAC Bier QUAN TAM TRONIS Dfiii MOI CAN BAN, T O A N D I E N N£N GIAO DUC O PGS TS TRAN TRUNG - VnS NGUYEN TH^ D A N ' dn kiSn Hdi nghj idn thu ba Ban Chop hdnh Trung uong khda XI, phdn ndi v l gido dye ddo tpo (GD-DT) da chi rd: «S6m dd'l mdi cdn bdn vd todn dl6n GD-DT, ndng cao chdt lugng nguon nhdn ii/c ; ndng cao chd't lugng aldo c/yc (GDj, nhd't Id bgc dgi hgc; tgp trung chuyen tir ddo Igo chieu rdng sang chlSu sdu, quan tdm ddc blit den ddo too nghe" (1) Gdn 70 ndm qua, su mgng cua nIn GD-DT ViSI Nam van Id mpt chu d l kin, cdn dupe hilu vd i h l hien cho dung, du ba npi dung: ndng cao ddn tri; ddo Igo nhdn iyc; b>dl duong nhdn ldi cho qude gia d l cd I h l kit nd'l he thdng GD cd phdn tdng, phdn nhdnh nhdm ddp ung h'nh da dgng, nhieu cd'p dp khde eua nIn kinh t l , nhu cdu da dpng cua xa h$i hpc t^p d VlSt Nam Nhimg dilu trSn ddt nhl$m vy hit sue khd khdn cho cdc nhd qudn ii (QL) GD-DT h-ong bdi cdnh thye hiSn CNH, HDH ddt nude vd h$l nhdp qude l l Ddi vdi nhimg nhd QL d cd'p vT md, vdn de quan trpng nhd't Id QL dupe chdl Iupng ddu ra, gidm sdt vd ddnh gid dupe qud Mnh ddo tpo ciia cdc CO sd GD-DT nhdm ddm bdo su dyng tdt nhdt cdc ngudn ngdn sdch de cd dupe tdi dpi ngu gido vign vd hpc sinh, sinh vign gidi nhdt NgodI ra, d tdm QL vT md, chi phi hpc tap cho m§t sinh vl6n eung cdn quan Idm ddc biSt Ddu tu phdt h-lln h6 thdng ddo tpo phdi linh d i n y l u td dja li, ddn cu d l thSm nhilu hpc sinh frd thdnh sinh vISn Do dd, yeu cdu dd'l vdi nhd QL cdc cd'p khdng i h l gidl quyet King vdn d l mdt, md edn gidl quylt theo nhdm vdn d l , ed tinh chd't gd'i ddu cdc nhdm d l ddm bdo tinh ddng bp, hieu ud Ddy ehinh Id vdn d l QL, ddi mdi QL gido ye dpi hpc, khdu dot phd d l ndng coo chdl Iupng vd phdt triln todn dien gido dye dpi hpc, Idm tiln de w i n khoi hS thdng cdc gidl phdp ddng hg nhdm khde phye yeu kem Ddi vdi vdn d l «Dpy hgc" (DH), ddu Hen ngudi QL phdi hilu d l too dilu kien cho ngudi dgy vd ngudi hpc; ngudi dgy hilu dupe d l b i l l d i l u V edn idm, bilt dupe trdeh nhidm vd nghTa vy cOa minh; ngudi hpc b i l l , hieu d l khde phye mpl trd nggi md hpc cho ldi D4 cd i h l dgy dung, dgy du, phdi hpc de b i l l minh cd the dpy cdl gi, dgy den mue ndo, dpy nhu t h i ndo; hpc d chinh ddi tuong hpc tap d l hilu Idm linh, nhu cdu, cdl thilu cua dilu kien cdn de Hep thu md ed edeh dpy phu hpp, nghTa Id cung mdt hgc phSn/mdn hgc vdi dd'l tugng hgc tap khde (chinh quy, Ilin thdng, vira hgc vua Idm) md cd cdch dgy l^dc de dgt dugc myc dich (cdc dd'l tugng diu ndm dugc kien thijc) cung nhu ddnh gid phdn logl dugc, kfch thieh ngudi hgc blit glO dugc c6l chi hge tap cho ben Ngay cd h-ong m$t \dp, cdn xdc djnh sd ddng thude v l mue dp ndo d l c6 cdch day phij hpp Trude ddy, cdng tdc GD chungtahoy su dyng cym h> «ldy ngudi hgc Idm trung tdm" vd hl6n «ddo tgo theo ndng It/c ihi/c /i/^n* ddn ddn thay the Trude tien, «Ddo too theo ndng li/c thi/e hiin" ddi hdi ndng lyc thye hl^n «dg/ cuo ngudi dgy, sou Id ndng lyc thye hiSn «hgc"d ngudi hpc Ngudi day khdng chi cd chuySn mdn tdt, ndng iyc thye hien dgy tdt, hilu dupe ddi Iupng hpc thi mdi ddm bdo qud trinh DH hl^u qud Ndng lyc thye hien cua ngudi dgy co thi dupe hilu nhu sou: ; ; DH c6n Id'y ndng li/c ihi/c hl$n cOa My Idm chu, ndng iyc Hep thu cua ngudi hpc Idm dich (nghTa Id hilu dupe ndng iyc tilp thu cua mgudi hpc, bilt dupe dnh hudng cuo dilu kl^n hpc tap md ed cdch dien dgt cho trung, d l lllp thu, de kiln thuc truyin dgt trung dich) 2) Khi DH, kid'n thuc truyin cho ngudi hgc dugc thi/c hidn cdng truyin vd tdm truyin Cdng truyen thi ngudi hpc ed nghe, cd ghi chep, cd chiJ d h-ong vd md khdng tap trung, b dInn Tdm truyen Idm cho hpc h-d tdp trung, glu dupe y h-ong 6au; y thdy h-d luong giao giup frd hilu ' TnMH Bfi kfc s< pluH ki tkiit Nn| Yd Tap ehi Giao due $6 (w a • >/aon) dupe bdi tgl Idp, tdng thSm chi ham hpc ciia h-d; ddi ed t h i Idm cho trd ty tinh hpi idy md khdng cdn phdi gidng gidl 3) Tri vd Tri cua ngudi day Tri Id M thuc du sdu rdng llSn quan d i n ndi dung dgy Tri khdng eh! gdm kiln thue chuySn mdn md cd kT ndng, kT xdo, vol trd vi tri cuo chuySn mdn dy h-ong khoa hpc, kT thudt vd cupc sdng Tri Id sy hilu rd Tri, hieu kiln thuc h> cy i f i l d i n hieu lap hpp cdc kiln thuc h-ong hg thdng cd logic; hilu h-ong mdi quan hf nhdn qud vdi ngudi hpc, vdi dilu kiSn hpc Idp, cdch tilp thu, mdi Irudng su phgm Bdi nlu khdng hilu Tri thi viSc dgy chi Id ndi, trinh ehllu, h-uyln dgt, ke igi Cdn neu hilu Tri khdng du (d^c biet Id ihllu thdng tin v l ndng iyc thye hiSn cOa ngudi hpc) ihi chdc chdn vl§e day sg kem hlgu qud mgi, uyin chuyin giup ngudi hpc ndm dupe dilu cdt iol, y dae trung ciia kiln thuc cdn hpc vd b i l l edeh Hm kilm md rdng kiln thuc Trong DH, cdn hpc h> ddng nghiep, h> hdi thdo khoa hpc de giup minh, de kit gloo bgn bg, hpp tdc nghign cuu, tgo mdi trudng giao luu cho trd 7) Ndng li/c fhi/c hl&n cung ddi hdi ngudi dgy cdn hiiu vd ludn nhd rSng DH Id mdt nghi ddc bl$t, tdc ddng vdo tu h-i hjg cua ngudi hpc Mpi hdnh vi bilu hign h> cdch dn mdc, tdc phong di, dung, ngdi, gipng ndi, cdch gidng bdi, hudng dan vd ndng lye bilu edm d i u dnh hudng d i n higu qud gidng dgy Nhung dilu ndy too ngn ddu dn, phong thdi cuo ngudi thdy gdp phdn tdng cudng higu qud qud Wnh fruyln dgt kiln thuc Vi vgy, vdi ngudi dgy, ngodi kiln thuc chuygn mdn, cdn cd nhOng ndng lye frgn 4} Due vd Tdm oJo thdy Cd Due cd Tdm thi 8) «Ndng li/e //iyc hl^n' cua ngudi hgc, ngudi day mdi chuySn; chuygn tam hpc d l md trude hit Id ndng It/c tlip nhdn Ndng lyc ndy mang Tri, Idm sdu rdng Tri; tu dd day dung, day rdt khde nhau, gdm: ndng iyc h-i tug, ndng iyc du, cd phuong phdp phu hpp vdi hodn cdnh, vdi sue khog, tdm li vd y chi hpc tap Tu dd, kiln ngudi hpc Khi dgy phdi glu cdl tdm cuo minh ihiie, kTndng thye hdnh, kTndng ung xu h-d thdnh eho ehinh, d l cho edi y cua minh dupe thdnh, cdl rigng d mSi ngudi hpc Vi vdy, cd gdng id nghTa Id cd i h l hilu rd dupe dilu ngudi hpc mudn, d i l u rdt h-png y l u sy hpc, cdn kign tri, llgn dilu ngudi hpc cdn, md lo cho sy thdnh, sy tiln h^e CO gdng Ndng lyc tilp nhdn ddn dupe tdng \og eua ngudi hpc, h i t Idng vi ngudi hpc Khi tdm ien, thi ndng lye thye hign cuo trd cung ddn hinh da chinh, y dd thdnh ihi ly nhign md chuygn, cdn thdnh Cu nhu vgy, ndng lyc thye hign cua trd man vdi cdng vifc Cd Due ehllu vdo, Trf sol td dupe tdng Ign, eho phgp h-d biet cdch phdn tich, thi dij dgy d i l u kl$n ndo, ngudi thdy cung ii gidi; bilt cdch tiep can sy viec, qud frinh d l cd bilt cdcli d i l n dgt cho ngudi hpc ndm dupe, hilu t h i Idm chu Irong cdng vige dupe kiln thuc; Isdn ihdn ngudi day cung hilu Nhung phdn tich tren cho thdy, d l ddo Igo them edi flnh y cua dpo Idm thdy Vi vdy, cdn iyo dupe mpl ngudi thdy dpi nhOng ygu cdu trgn Id chpn cdch dgy cho uyen chuyin, hop tdm ii, vd cung khd khdn, cdn cd thdi gian vd nhieu dilu ndng lyc tilp thu cuo ngudi hpc, vdi d i l u kign, kien khde Ngudi Idm cdng tdc QL frong iTnh vyc CO sd v$t chd't hign lgi GD-DT phdi hieu rd dilu dy cung nhu mpi djnh 51 DH b$c cdng cao thi cdl Tri, cdl Tri ehl, quy dinh deu phdi hudng tdi dpi dupe Id cua ihdy cdng phdi idn, cdng phdi idu NgodI Igo nhOng ngudi thdy iudn nhd, hilu vd van «Ndng li/e tlip nhdn vd md rgng kli'n thuc", dyng dupe frong mpl hodn cdnh Dd cung Id ygu «Ndng li/c giao tlip truyin dgt kli'n thuc", ngudi cdu cua ddi mdi QL hg thdng GD qude thdy edn ed ndng /yc ihi/c hiin kTndng thi/c hdnh, ddn, moi nhd trudng vd moi cd nhdn thdy cd nhdn bli'tcdng nghi, nghiin cuu khoa hgc Bdi, gido Trong bdt ki hodn cdnh cy i h l ndo, nhd QL qud h-inh DH khdng chi trgn Idp hpc, md cdn d i l n d i u phdi ddt ygu cdu ddi mdi nhdm ddp ung d phdng thi nghigm, xudng thye hdnh, d cdc dupe hdu h i t ndi hdm ciia hoi h> «DH" Tnroc doanh nghi$p, edng tl d l gidl ihlgu cho ngudi het, phdi tgo dupe co sd phdp li d l cd cdc d i l u hpc ihgm nhung ngudi thdy mdi, nhung iTnh vyc kien thye hien ddi mdi d mSl cd nhdn thdy cd gido, hing nhd frudng, rdi lan todn khdi, todn mdi cd llgn quan 6) DH cdn Id'y sif hgc Idm gd'c Hpc de he thdng frong xd hpi; phdi tgo dupe dieu kign chuygn mdn ciia minh hod ddng, sdu rpng hon, eho h'nh ty chu h> moi cd nhdn, nhd trudng d u w $6c bgn hon, chdt chS frong iu^n gidl vdn d l ; nhung cOng d l kiln thuc minh dgy trd nen mem Tap chi Giao due so 294 (ina.y/aoia) I ' (Xem tlip trang 27) ehiic phuong phdp HT, logl hinh HT phii hpp vdi Kmg khdl hpc, mdn hpc eho HS THPT Ddi vdi phy huynh, HS cdn ed miie dd ddu Kr phii hop v l vdt chd't, thilt bj HT, phuong phdp HT phii hop vdi khd ndng, ndng lye vd hieu qud nhd't • Ton Thin "Phit hif n vi b6i du(>ng tii ning tiim in m6i ngudi" T?p chi Khoa hpc Gido dvc H 2011, trang 9-11 Duong Thieu TO'ng Thtfng ke ihig dung nghien cihi khoa hpc giio due NXB Khoa hpc Xd h0i, H 2003 Rainey, D V - Murova, O Factors influencing Tki Hiu tham khio education achievement Economics, USA, 2004, page i Nguyin Phuang Nga - Nguyin Quy Thanh Giio 2397 - 2404 dye d^i hpc: mOt stf th&nh t6 cua chift lirqmg NXB Ram Chandra Pokharel Factors Influencing Dgi hpc qude gia Hd Ndi, 2001 Examination Results in Higher Education Tor Dio Thi Canh "MOt sO' bi$n ph4p rfen luy^n Icha Maximizing Validity and Improving Students' Pass n4ng t