GIAO DUC DAO ODE CDD DOC SWH CAC TRUONG TRDNG HOC GO SA ^ ^ ^ QmH CAU GIAY (THANH PHO HA NOI) HIEN NAY O PHAM THANH BINH* 1 Gido dye dgo due (GDE>0) trong nhd trudng phd thdng Hgc sinh (HS) trung hgc[.]
GIAO DUC DAO ODE CDD DOC SWH CAC TRUONG TRDNG HOC GO SA ^ ^ ^ QmH CAU GIAY (THANH PHO HA NOI) HIEN NAY O Gido dye dgo due (GDE>0) nhd trudng phd thdng Hgc sinh (HS) trung hgc co sd (THCS) Id Idp thilu nien dang d tud'i mdi Idn (11 15 hidi), dang phdt triln mgnh me v l nhdn edeh, ludn ham thich cdi mdi vd cd nhu edu ty khdng djnh minh cao Vi vdy, GDDD cho cdc em ludn Id nhiem vy quan trpng dd'i vdi ede nhd trudng phd thdng PHAM THANH BINH* cdng tdc gido dye (GD) khdng chi cm hiiu tdm li tre md cdn cd phuong phdp vd nghS thudt irng xu su phgm cho thdt tinh te, tdm li, trdnh gdy tdn thuong khdng ddng cd cho cdc em Trong thdi ki ndy, nhirng co sd, phuong hudng chung eua sy hinh thdnh quan dilm xd hdi vd E)D cua nhdn cdch dupe hinh thdnh, chiing se dugc tilp tyc phdt trien tuoi nien Lua tud'i thilu nien thudng ed nhilu mdu thudn sy phdt triln tdm li Co t h i trudng thdnh nhanh nhung ehua dn djnh Tinh edm cd nhung net dgc biet, d l vui, de budn, d l hdng say, d l chdn ndn, mudn hiiu bilt nhilu vd Idm dugc nhieu viec Idn nhung vi khd ndng cdn hgn che nen d i ndy sinh mdu thudn giira ude ma vd ndng Iyc Nhu edu giao tilp vdi bgn bd Id mdt nhOng dde dilm tdm li dde trung ndi bdt nhd't cua lira tud'i HS THCS Do vdy, qud trinh GDDD cho HS d Iua tud'i ndy cdn luu y den nhif ng nhdm bgn be md HS tham gia Ngodi ra, thilu nien Id \ua hjoi rdt hdn nhien, bdng bdt, sol ndi nen gido dye DD d Iua tud'i ndy cdn hinh thdnh nhdn fhirc vd nilm tin, sou dd Id nhung hdnh vi thdi quen cho HS Ben egnh dd, cdn luu y d i n hr GD eua bdn thdn HS Tuy nhien, xet den ciing kit qud GD ndi chung vd GDDD ndi rieng phy thudc nhilu vdo viee tiep nhdn cuo dd'i tupng GD DO chii t h i ed tich eye den ddu md dd'i tugng GD khdng tiep nhdn thi qud trinh GD cung se khdng don d i n kit qud nhu mong mudn Mdt vdi dde diem eo bdn ve GDDD cho HS cdc trudng THCS qudn Cdu Gia"/ edu Gidy Id mdt qudn ndi thdnh mdi dupe fhdnh ldp (ndm 1997) nhung dd cd tdc dd thj hda nhanh Ndm 1997, todn qudn mdi chi cd 28 h-udng vdi 17.110 HS nhung den dd cd d3 hvdng vdi tren 40.119 HS Trong dd, rieng cdp THCS cd 17 trudng vdi 10.298 HS Cdc trudng THCS d qudn Cdu Gidy, nhu: Trudng THCS Cdu GDDD Id hinh thdnh cho eon ngudi nhimg quan dilm, nhirng nguyen tdc, chudn myc dgo dire (DD) CO bdn eua xd hdi Nhd dd, ngudi ed khd ndng lya chpn, ddnh gid dung ddn cdc hien fupng DD xd hdi cung nhu ty ddnh gid suy nghT vd hdnh vi cuo bdn thdn minh Cdng tdc GDDD gdp phdn vdo viec hinh thdnh, phdt triln nhdn cdeh phu hgp vdi tirng giai dogn phdt triln cuo ngudi, Id qud trinh chuyin vdn hda DD xd hgi thdnh vdn hda DD ed nhdn «Dd Id qud trinh chuyin nhirng tri thuc, kinh nghifm, chudn mye vd li tudng £)D xd hdi thdnh nhirng phdm chd't DD cd nhdn, Idm phdt triln y thuc, ndng Iyc ddnh gid vd thyc hidn hdnh vi DD, ndng lye tham gia vdo cdc quan he £)D xd hgi" (1) Myc tiSu eua GDDD Id giiip cho moi ed nhdn nhdn thuc dijng ddn ede gid trj DD, biet hdnh dgng theo le phdi, cdng bdng vd nhdn dgo, bilt sdng vi mpi ngudi, vi gia dinh, vi tiln bd xd hpi vd sy phdn vinh cua dd't nude Trong dd mye dich quan frgng nhd't eua GDDD Id tgo lap nhirng thdi quen, hdnh vl DD Tdm quan cue GDDD cho HS cd'p THCS Trong cdc gial dogn phdt triln eua ngudi, Iua hjd'l thilu nien cd mdt vi tri vd y nghTa vd ciing quan trgng Ddy Id thdi ki phdt triln phuc tgp nhd't nhung cung Id thdi kl chudn bj quan trpng nhdt cho nhirng budc h-udng thdnh sou ndy d It/a fudi ndy ed sy tdn tgi song song hai dgc diem tinh cdch gdn nhu dd'i ldp: «viia tre con, vua ngudi Idn" Do dd, ddi hdi nhirng ngudi Idm * TnMi{ TNCS Dich Vpng, qu|n Ciu Giiy - Ha Noi Tap chi Glao due so 0 (fa a • ia/aoia> Gidy, Trudng THCS Mai Dich, Trudng THCS Djeh Vgng rdt chu y d i n GD todn dien cho HS (ed v l «h-i dye" Idn «due dye"): tren 95% HS xep logi hgnh kiem tdt, khd Song, vdi tdc dp dd thj hda nhanh tren dja bdn, sy hdi nhdp, gia tdng ve so lupmg trirdng, Idp, HS theo tirng ndm hpc, viec tdng cudng GDDD cho HS, dde biet Id HS cdp THCS van ludn Id vd'n d l thdi sy, cd'p bdeh Trong nhirng ndm gdn ddy, thyc hien ddi mdi phuong phdp dgy hgc theo hudng phdt huy tinh tich eye, chO ddng, sdng too cuo ngudi hpc; chd't lupng GD todn dien ndi chung, chd't lupng GDDD HS ndi rieng dd dupe cdi thiSn; ngdy cdng dupe ndng len theo hirdng thyc chd't Cdc trudng hpc ngdy cdng quan tdm GDDD HS hon, ddt viec ren nIn nip HS len hdng ddu tir ddu ndm hgc Ben egnh viee ddy mgnh viec GD thdng quo cdc mdn hgc, cdc trudng hgc dd tdng cudng chd't Iugng cdng tdc Ddi TNTP Hd Chi Minh, cdng tdc cho nhldm, thudng xuydn td chuc cdc hogt ddng GD truyin thd'ng, GD « v l ngudn", ngogi khoa, glao luu, td chuc cdc phong trdo tu thien, Idm vi^c td't nhdm gdp phdn bdi dudng, hun due cho HS nhirng gid trj DD h-uyin thd'ng vd DD each mgng td't dep Kit qud xep logi hgnh kilm cOa HS THCS qudn ba ndm quo nhu sou: he cha dng dd hi sinh vi dpc ldp txf cOa Td qudc, ed thdi dp rd rdng dd'i vdi cdc hien tupng DD xd hpi; cd nilm tin vdo tinh dung ddn cua cdc chud'n myc dd hpc vd hudng tdi nhung gid trj xd hdi td't dep; ed trdch nhiem dd'i vdi hdnh ddng cua bdn thdn, cd nhu edu h/ dieu chinh, tu hodn thien de h-d thdnh mpt chO the xd hdi tich eye, ndng dpng - Ve kTndng, hdnh vi, giup HS cd dupe nhirng hdnh vi DO dung ddn ung xu, quan he xd hdi Idnh mgnh, tich eye ddu tranh vdi cdc bleu hien tieu eye xung quanh Hinh thdnh d HS kT ndng bilt ddnh gid hdnh vi cOa bdn thdn vd mpi ngudi xung quanh, biet lya chgn vd thyc hien edeh ung xi> phO hgp vdi cdc chud'n myc E)0, phdp lugt, vdn hod, giao tilp vd hogt dpng (hpc tdp, loo ddng, tdp the, vui choi, gidi tri ); biet ty ldp ke hogch hogt ddng, hgc tdp va ren luyen cho bdn thdn; bilt ty kiem tra, ddnh gid qud trinh hgc tdp, ren luyen theo cdc yeu cdu cOo cdc chudn mye dd hpc 2) Ndi dung - CD Idng yeu nude, yeu CNXH vd tinh that) qudc te vd sdn: Bdi dudng cho HS tinh yeu que hucmg dd't nude, biet trdn trpng giir gin ede gia trj tinh thdn to Idn eua ddn tdc Hinh thdnh d cac em niem tin, Idng kinh yeu cdc vi tiln nhdn, Idnh Khdo sdt trudng: Trudng THCS Djeh Vgng, hj vd nhirng ngudi cd cdng dd'i vdi dd't nude GD Trudng THCS Cau Gidy, Trudng THCS Mai Djeh cho cdc em Idng ty hdo ddn tdc, phdt huy vd gin S6 lupng Xgp lo^i €>0 (% giu nhung truyin thd'ng, nhung phd'm chd't cao Nim hQC HS T6l - Kha TB YSu TB tro l§n dep cua cha dng fa Bdi dudng cho cdc em li 99,84 2009 - 2010 9402 98,25 1,59 0,16 hrdng XHCN, yeu nude gdn lien vdi tinh thdn dodn 9552 99,22 0,09 99,91 2010-2011 0,69 kit, hpp tdc qud'e te; benh vyc vd ddu tranh cho 10.284 0,47 0,03 99,97 2011-2012 99,5 tien bp xd^hdi (Nguon: Phong GD-DT quan Cau Giay] GD cdc phd'm chd't DD cd nhdn: GD cdc phd'm chd't co bdn vd quan trpng cOa eon ngudi Myc tieu, ndi dung GDDD cho HS cdc nhu trung thyc, that thd, dung edm, I I phep; sdng trudng THCS qudn Cdu Gid'y h/ frpng vd tdn trpng ngudi khde; sdng ed ki luggI) Muc tieu ed II h/dng, nhdn di, vj tho; ndng dgng, sdng Vi nhdn thuc, giOp HS cd nhdn thuc dung tgo nhdm hinh thdnh d cdc em nhOng KT ndng ddn v l bdn chd't, ndi dung ede chudn mye DD giao t i l p dOng chudn Bdi dudng Idng nhdn cung nhu nhirng tri thirc v l phdp ludt vd chinh trj nghTa, tinh yeu thuong eon ngudi; bilt ton trpng cua nhd nude Viet Nam thdi ki mdi, phO mpi ngudi, dung edm bdo ve le phdi Nhdt Id co hgp vdi yeu cdu cua sy phdt trien xd hdi Hiiu y thdi dp ddng co hpc tdp, ren luyen dung ddn, co nghTa eua cdc chud'n myc DD, sy phdt trien ed trdch nhiem vdi hdnh ddng cOa bdn thdn, ed y nhdn vd xd hdi, sy cdn thilt phdi ren luyen vd thuc tu luc, khdng ngung vuon len hodn thien bdn cdch thuc ren luyen d l dgt dugc nhung chudn thdn theo dieu Bdc Hd dgy GD tinh thdn hgp tdc, tinh thdn dodn kef, cd y thuc xdy dyng tdp mye dd the Idp tien tien, tham gio xdy dyng to chuc Dodn Ve thdi tinh cam, giup HS cd thdi dp Dpi vi/ng mgnh dung ddn vdi nhirng quy phgm DO, cd tinh edm (Xem tiip trang 25) sdng, Idng biet on sdu sdc dd'i vdi cdc t h i Tap chi Glao due so 0 (in a • la/aoia) Trong cdc fief hpc ngu phdp v l CGCP vd trdt ty cdc v l edu, GV cdn them mdt so bdi tdp de giup HS phdn tieh dugc gid trj khdc cOo vife thay ddi trdt ty cdc ve CGCP HS se nhdn dien dugc v l mdt ngif phdp, ngOf nghTo vd y nghTa tinh thdi cua edu, ndng cao KN tgo cdu GV cdn chu y d l HS st/ dyng cdc KN nhu: phdn tich, nhdn dien, so sdnh, bien dd'i, st/o chi/o vd too ldp Trong hodc sou HS Idm bdi tdp, GV chdt Igi vd ndng cao kien thuc li thuylt cho HS « * bilu thj rdt rd dilu md ngudi ndi mudn nhdn mgnh Khi tien hdnh hogt ddng DH d fren Idp, GV cdn ehu y nguyen tdc tieh hpp, nguyen tdc phdt huy tinh tieh eye hpc tdp cua HS (bdng ede PPDH phu hpp) vd nguyen tdc luyen tdp thyc hdnh bdng nhieu hogt dgng giao tilp, thdng qua ede hogt dpng giao tiep Q (I) Dicp Quang Ban Ngu'phap tieng Viet NXB Gido cliic.H 1992 Tai li^u tham khao X.I Dorxenko Cdc cdu triic cii phdp vdng lien tir Trdt h/ v l chinh dung trude v l phy ed t h i xdy tieng Ueraina hifn dai Luan an Ti^n si, Kiev, ro vdi td't cd ede kilu CGCP (nguyen nhdn, d i l u 1981 kiSn, nhupng bd - tuong phdn, mye dich) Chinh D6 HCru Chau - Bui Minh Toan D?i cuwng ngfin ViSc lya chpn, sdp xep ve chinh dung trude, v l ng* hpc NXB Gido dvc H 2001 phy dung sou CGCP dd too cho edu vdn Nguyf n Van Hifp Ca sir ngir nghia phin tich cii dung ngu ednh mdt sy hop li, chinh xde phap NXB Gido due Viet Nam, H 2011 Giao due dao dire cho hoe sinh xd hdi cdn sy phdi hpp cuo bo y l u to: GD nhd trudng, gia dinh, xd hpi Ben egnh dd, cdn chO (Tiip theo trang 18) y d i n y l u tdty GD cuo bdn thdn HS, chd't Iugng ddi ngu gido vien (dde biet Id ndng lye su - GD thdi dd'i vdi lao ddng: Giup ede em phgm) tham gio GDDD, cdc hogt ddng eua nhdn thuc loo dgng Id ve vang Id cao quy Loo Dodn - Ddi • ddng dem Igi hgnh phuc vd li tudng sdng cho ngudi TO dd b i l t giOf gin, quy trgng fhdnh (I) Trdn Dang Sinh - NguyCn Thj Thp Giio trinh qud loo ddng, yeu lao ddng Bilt lao ddng, Idm dao due hpc NXB Dpi hpc supluim, H 2008 vige ty phye vy bdn thdn vd glOp dd gia dinh, glOp d d ngudi khde Bilt lao ddng ty gide, cdn Tai lieu tham khao cO, sdng tgo, cd ki ludt vd ndng sud't cao, bilt Bp GD-DT Difiu 10 trucrng trung hpc ca sa, trung nhdn thuc ddu tranh chdng Igl cdi ludi bieng, y hpc phd thong va cac trirang cd nhifiu cip hpc Igi, gian dd'i, Idng phi lao ddng cOng nhu Pham Khac Chuwig Ren luyen dao diic va y thiic c6ng dan NXB Gido due, H 2001 hpc tdp (3D vi kT ndng sdng, mdi trudng sdng: Pham Khac Chirong Mot so va'n de giao due dao GD y thuc tdn trgng vd bdo ve ede gid trj vdn due va giao due dao dire d truong phd thdng NXB hod cua nhdn logi, cua ddn tdc Thyc hien td't Gido due H 1995 cdc quy dinh, quy udc cua khu ddn eu Bilt bdo ve tdi nguyen thien nhien, bdo ve mdi trudng xung quanh SUMMARY Morality education plays an extremely important role in the personality development of each human GDDD Id mdt nhirng ndi dung GD quan Education target, matters andmettmds defers in terms of ages However, morality education at secondary trpng nhd't cho the hi tri, hopt dpng ndy cdn school is significantly important Acknowledging this, dupe t i l n hdnh thudng xuyen, lien tyc, sud't ddi recently, secondary schools in Cau Giay district fiave nhung d mdi It/a tud'i Igi cd nhi/ng myc tiSu, paid much attention to morality education andhave ndi dung, hinh thuc GD khde D l qud trinh obtained some encouraging achievement Nevertheless, facing the change of socio-economic status and GDDD cho HS cdc trudng THCS ndi chung, cdc in order to fulfill the increasing requirement in country trudng THCS qudn Cdu Gidy ndi rieng dgt dupe development, the morality education for pupil needs ket qud coo, ddp t/ng yeu edu cuo sy phdt trien more simultaneous attention Tap chi Glao due so 0 (ki a • la/aoia) • ... sou CGCP dd too cho edu vdn Nguyf n Van Hifp Ca sir ngir nghia phin tich cii dung ngu ednh mdt sy hop li, chinh xde phap NXB Gido due Viet Nam, H 2011 Giao due dao dire cho hoe sinh xd hdi cdn... secondary trpng nhd''t cho the hi tri, hopt dpng ndy cdn school is significantly important Acknowledging this, dupe t i l n hdnh thudng xuyen, lien tyc, sud''t ddi recently, secondary schools in Cau Giay... hod, giao tilp vd hogt dpng (hpc tdp, loo ddng, tdp the, vui choi, gidi tri ); biet ty ldp ke hogch hogt ddng, hgc tdp va ren luyen cho bdn thdn; bilt ty kiem tra, ddnh gid qud trinh hgc tdp,