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CAC Yin TO GO OAN ANH HUONG TOl KOAT NHAP KHAU DICH VO GIAO DOC DAI HOC OfVl£rNAM TInS VU THI LOAN* N am 2007, Viet Nam gia nhap Td'chiJc thupng higher education) de ehi hoat ddng GDDH cua mpt mai the gidi va bit dau Id trinh thue hien cae qud'e gia tai mdt qud'e gia khac; dd, cdng ti xuyen cam ketveGATS,trong dd, VietNam ed cam qudc gia (transnational corporation) va cdng ti da quoc ketve djch vu giao due dai hpc (GDDH) kha rdng va gia (multinational corporation) cd y nghTa tpan cau sau, ke ca viec khdng han che vdi cac co sd 100% hda dcac mife dp khac Cdng ti xuyen qudc gia von nudc ngoai ketirsau /I /2009 Do vay, viec nghien cd y nghTa vin coi qud'e gia sd tai lam cin ciJ ca sd, eifu hoat ddng xua't nhap khau (XNK) djch vu GDDH dong thdi phat trie'n djch vu d cac nude khac; cdng ti da qud'e gia cd nghTa la cdng ti gom nhieu qudc gia la van de mang tinh thdi su va cap thiet tham gia 1.XNK djch vugiao diJC "GD xuyen bien qKSi'(cross-borderedueation)\\hx\ Trong thue te, theo muc dieh cua ca nhan/to quan tdi viec di ehuyen ngudi, nganh dao tao chifc de cap mpt pham vi nao dd cua GD xuyen (DT), nha cung cap OT, kien thifc, tu tudng, du an va bien gidi, ngudi ta cd the' It/a chpn mpt thuat cac djch vij qua cac bien gidi qudc gia (Jane Knight, ngif da neu dtren va xac djnh y nghTa eua thuat ngif 2006) Ciing vdi thuat ngif nay, ngudi ta cdn sti dung dd pham vi ma hp de cap Trong tai lieu cua cac thuat ngif "GD xuyen qudc gia" (transnational U N ESCO va Mang ludi cha't lupng chau A - Thai Binh education), "GD khdng bien gidi" (borderless Duong (UNESCO-APQN, Toolkit Regulating the quality of Cross-border Education; Bangkok, 2006), education), "GD hai ngoai" (offshore education) Tuy nhien, cac nha nghien eifu ciing da ehi ban tieng Viet UNESCO/APQN xuat ban mang rang: cd nhifng su khac biet tinh tenhung quan trpng ten "Cam nang hudng din ciia UNESCO/APQN: Cac cac thuat ngif (Jane Knight, 2006) Theo quy djnh ludng chat luang da bien"), "cross - border tac gia Gia Hieu Hong va Khuong Phung (2007), education" duac hieu vdi nghTa hep hon Do la "vi?c "GD xuyen qudc gia" vifa chi gidi han ve dja Ii qudc cung cap G D d mdt qude gia duoe tn/c tiep bit nguon gia, vifa chi su vupt qua gidi han quan Ii tu phap tu mdt qud'c gia khac, bat ke cung cap tiJmg phan hay qud'e gia "Giio due xuyen bien gidi" cung bieu dat toan bp Djnh nghTa mud'n ndi tdi djch vu GD nghTa tren "G D hai ngoai" la each si} dung d thdi ki danh cho SV d ngoai pham vi bien gkJi qud'c gia cung dau tai Australia mdt so bai ndi ehuyen va bai cap djch vu, ehuf khdng phai danh cho SV di du hpc, viet ca nhan "GD khdng bien gidi" cd the dupe si/ vi day la mpt hinh thife GD qud'c tekhae" dung (Robin Middlehurst, van theo tie gia tren) Trong bai viet nay, ehiing tdi sijf dt/ng khai niem vdi y nghTa: xa hdi toan eau hda xuat hien nhieu GDDH xuyen bien gidi6e chi st/ vupt qua bien gidi phuPng thife GD phi truyen thdng, mdt die trung qud'c gia (tu phap va dja Ii) cua cac hoat ddng GD trpng tam cua nhifng loai GD phi truyen thdng la Nguyen nhan xuat hien cua GDDH xuyen vupt qua cae loai bien gidi - bien gidi iinh vt/e (giao bien gidi dtJC va cdng nghiep), bien gidi cac tang bae giao diJC 1)Nhu cau veGDBH tang len Si/tham nh?p (GD lien tue va GDDH), bien gidi nha nudc, bien gidi cua KT-XH thdi ki hdi nhap khien cho nhu cau cdng lap va tu lap, bien gidi thdi gian va khdng gian eua ve nguon nhan luc tri thirc dat tieu chuan cda "I