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THUC NGHIEM DAY HOC THEO DU AN li MOT Sfi T R i N G TRONG NOG P H O T O O N G TINH VlNR PROG ThS LE KHOA* 1 Muc dich cOa thuc nghiem su pham (TNSP) la thdng qua viee day hpc mdt sd kie''''n thifc ve San[.]
THUC NGHIEM DAY HOC THEO DU AN li MOT Sfi TRiNG TRONG NOG PHOTOONG TINH VlNR PROG ThS LE KHOA* Muc dich cOa thuc nghiem su pham (TNSP) la Nhdm DA SoHS Nang lirong xanh Nha mAy thuy dien thdng qua viee day hpc mdt sd kie'n thifc ve San xua't Nh& m^y nhiet dien Khoi tr4nq visiidungdiin ninghkng tien trinh day hpe theo du Nang lirong tu'ong lai NhS m i y phong dien an (DHTDA), nhim kiem tra gia thuye't khoa hpe va Pin mat trdi Nanq luonq mat trdi tinh kha thi ciia de tai, ddng thdi, de xuat mdt sd bien Nang luong hat nhan Nha may dien nguyen tur phap van dung DHTDA day hpc mdn Villi a eae tnfdng tmng hpc phd'thdng TNSP duqc tien hanh Sau da phan nhdm va lua chpn DA, HS lam vao cudi nam hpc 2011 -2012, dd'i tupng la hpe sinh viee theo nhdm GV neu eae eau hdi bai hpc de (HS) Idp 11A2 Trudng THPT Nguyin Viet Xuan va cae nhdm de xua't giai phap: - Lim the nio deed the Idp 11A1,11A4 Trudng THPT Tam Duong (VTnh thiit kdmiy phit thuy diin, miy phit nhiet diin, Phue) Vi qua trinh TNSP d trudng ed nhieu diem miy phit phong dien?; • Lam the nio de thiitke tuong ddng nen dudi day, ehiing tdi ehi trinh bay dien dugc pin mat trdi?; - Nhi miy diin nguyin tued cau bien TNSP talTrudng THPT Tam Duang tao va nguyin tic hoat ddng thdnao ? e H ed th e Idp thue nghiem (TN), eae tiet hpe chinh khda tra Ididupc, GV dua eac cau hdi bd'trp: Cacmiy HS vin hpc binh thudng Giao vien (GV) cdng tac phit diin, pin, ic quy, dugc cau tao dua trin nhimg nghien eiJru,thue hien tie'n trinh day hpe duan (DA) ed nguyin tic vat li nao?; Chung cd cau tao vi cache ehu de ve sin xua't va su'dung dien ning tiet hoatddng ?; Ning lugng cung cap cho chung hoat ddng ii nhifng dang ning lugng nao ? (tuchpn) tren Idp va tuan ngoai Idp hpc Trude TNSP, chiing tdi girl ke hoach day HS su dung ban dd tu de tim cae giai phap hpe eho eae GV day TN d trudng THPT da ehpn Giai phap ma HS dua hau nhu trung vdi du kie'n DA duqc ehia lam giai doan: ehuan b'lDA, thue hien eiia G V ve tim hie'u nguyen tic, cau tao va thiet ke DAva dinh gr/a 0/4, tupn g un g vdi p h a: che tao may phat thiiy dien, may phat nhiet dien, Pha Thdng tin/sukiin cd (tiem an) van de G V may phat phong dien, pin mat trdi Nhu vay, cac dung may chieu da nang chieu mdt so video ve san nhdm dabii'tsiidungban dd tuduy de xuat cac xua't dien nang eho HS xem nhu: san xua't dien tif giaiphip thuy dien, nhiet dien, Chiing tdi quan sat tha'y dpha Pha Xay dung kehoach DA HS lam viee theo la HS rat cham chu xem nhdm, tap trung xay dung ke hoach thue hien DA Pha Phit bieu van de/biitoin Sau HS xem cua nhdm Cau hdi GVde xuat ehung eho HS: Trong xong doan video dpha 1, G V dat cau hdi khai quat: mdi DA, chung ta can nghien cuu, giai quyi't nhifng Bien nang dugc san xuat nhu the nao ? van degi?;^ Cic san pham DA cin thiet ke'li gi? H S GV eho HS thao luan ehung ea Idp, Idp trudng su dung ban dd tu de xac lap cac tieu chii de, dieu khien, Idp phd lam thu ki ghi y kie'n cua eac ban gdm: -DA "Nha may thiiy dien" neu dupe eac tieu HS su dung ban dd tu de tim cau tra Idi HS da chii de la: Ijch su, nguyen tic hoat ddng eua nha dua rat nhieu eau tra Idi nhu: dien nang duqc san may thuy dien; md hinh may phat dien xoay chieu xuat bdi cae may phat dien, pin hay ac quy, pha (eau tao, che tgo, vat lieu, ifng dung); - DA "Nha Pha Be xuat giai phip, lua chgn chu de GV may nhiet dien" de xua't dupe eac tieu ehu de gom: phat bleu cae y tudng DA ve: nha may thiiy dien; nha kie'n thife lien quan, nguyen li, eau tao, tac hai, ; may nhiet dien; nha may phong dien; pin mattrdi; nha DA "Nha may phong dien" de xua't dupe cae tieu ehii may dien nguyen tuva djnh hudng eho HS lua ehpn de: nguyen tac hoatddng, ehe'tao, vat lieu, ung dung DA thdng qua phieu hdi Can eii'vao phieu hoi tham ddde'GV chia nhdm euthe: ' Tnfdng Oai hpc sir pham Thai Nguyen 54 Tap chi Gido due so 327 (kil-2/2014) tiem nang, Ipi ieh; - DA "Pin mat trdi" de xua't dupe hanh eae cdng viee sau: - DA "Nha may thuy dien", cae tieu chii de: eau tao, nguyen li, che tao, ifng HS thiet ke'2 san pha'm: + Bai trinh diin PowerPoint: dung, Ijch su, - DA "Nha may dien" nguyen tu de neu cau tao, nguyen tic hoat dpng cua nha may xua't dupe cae tieu ehu de: kie'n thifc Vat li; nguyen li; thuy dien va qua trinh thi/c hien DA; -i- Che tao, lip eau tao; Ipi ieh; ehe'tao rap md hinh may phat dien xoay chieu pha chay Cic san pham DA can thiet ke':-Hh6tn DA "Nha bing tua bin nude dupe eae nhdm thue hien tai dja may thiiy dien" gdm eae san pha'm: -i- Biitrinh chii'u diem lua ehpn rieng; - DA "Nha may nhiet dien", PowerPoint, neu cau tao, nguyen tie hoat ddng eiia HS thiet ke san pham: + Bai trinii chieu nha may thuy dien; + Md hinh may phat dien xoay PowerPoint: neu eau tao, nguyen tie hoat ddng chieu pha chay bing tua bin nude; - Nhdm DA cua nha may nhiet dien va qua trinh thuc hien DA "Nha may nhiet dien" gdm: + Bai trinh chieu ciia nhdm;-hMd hinh may phat dien xoay chieu PowerPoint: neu eau tao, nguyen tie hoatddng eua pha chay bing tua bin hai nude, each thuc tie'n nha may nhipt dien; -i- Md hinh may phat dien xoay hanh tuang tu DA may thuy dien nhung sd vdng chieu chay bing tua bin hai nude; - Nhdm DA "Nha day ciia roto chi la 4000 Mach ngoai HS dau nd'i may phong dien": -i- Bai trinh chieu PowerPoint: neu tie'p den LED nen thu nghiem edng Ipi ieh va tiem nang eiia nang lupng gid d Viet Nam; ngay; - DA "Nha may phong dien", HS cung thiet -I- Md hinh may phat dien xoay chieu pha chay ke'2 san pha'm: H- Bai trinh chieu PowerPoint: neu bing tua bin gid; - Nhdm "DA pin mat trdi": -i- Bai Ipi ich va tiem nang cua nang lupng gid d Viet Nam trinh chieu Power Point: neu cau tao, nguyen tic Ve eau tao, nguyen tie hoat ddng eiia may phat hoat ddng eua pin mat trdi; -i- Md hinh pin mat trdi; dien xoay chieu chay bing tua bin gid dupe HS - Nhdm DA "Niia may dien nguyen tu": -f Bai trinh thuc hien tai riha; + Md hinh may phat dien xoay chieu PowerPoint: neu Ipi ich va giai phap cua viee chieu chay bing tua bin gid San pham tap xay dung nha may dien nguyen tird Viet Nam; + Bai trung ea nhdm thue hien; vi vay, GV quan sat dupe trinh chieu PowerPoint ve nguyen li hoat ddng, cau hoat ddng cua nhdm.Khac vdinhdm va2,nhdm tao cua nha may dien nguyen tu td'chu'e lip rap may phat dien xoay chieu pha Phan cdng nhiim vu cho cic thinh viin cd phan cam quay, phan ii'ng eo djnh; - DA "Pin nh6m:Sau eac nhdm da xac dinh dupe nhiem vu mat trdi" cung thuc hien san pha'm: + Bai trinh ciia DA,GV hudng dan HS len kehoach chitiet(theo chieu PowerPoint: neu eau tao, nguyen tic hoat miu) Cae nhdm lap bang di/tru vattu, diing ban dd ddng eua pin mat trdi va qua trinh thue hien DA eua tu de phan cdng nhiem vu eho eac vien nhdm, nguyen tie eau tao pin quang dien va tiem nhdm nang dien mat trdi d Viet Nam ; + Md hinh pin mat Oe hudng dan HS xay dung eac tieu chi danh gia trdi dupe ca nhdm thue hien; -Trong DA "Nha may san pha'm, GV cdthe dat eac cau hdi, chang han nhu: dien nguyen tif", HS thiet keva sudung phan mem Cacsanpham can thiit ki'chi'tao phai cd nhifng tiiu PowerPoint de trinh bay ve eau tao, nguyen tie chigi?\/a\ eau hdi nay, GV mong dpi cau tra Idi eiia hoatddng, giai phap xay dung nha may dien nguyen HS se la: Cic sin pham caned nhifng tiiu chi nhu: tif d Viet Nam San pham hau he't dupe HS gidng vat that, dung nguyen tic cau tao, bdcuc hgp li.thue hien tai nha nen GV chi cd the quan sat Sau thao luan, G V va HS cung xay dung eac san pha'm da hoan tieu ehi danh gia san pha'm Phieu danh gia sau dd Pha Bio cio va trinh bay sin phim Phan dupe phat eho HS GV danh tiet tren Idp decac nhdm bao cao quatrinh Pha Thuc hien DA Trong pha HS tu li/c thue hien DA va cdng bo san pha'm Ban giam khao lam viee theo ke hoach (dja diem nhdm tu lua gom G V va dai dien eua mdi nhdm ehpn), hinh thifc hoat ddng theo nhdm la chu yeu; thdi Pha BinhgiiDA GV bdtri tiet tren Idp, ban gian la tuan ngoai gid len Idp: tuan thu thap, xi) li giam khao tap hpp ket qua danh gia eiia GVvaHS, thdng tin; tuan td'ng hop thdng tin va chua'n bj vat tinh diem cho tifng nhdm vadiem cho mdi ea nhan; lieu, dung eu thuc hanh; tuan xay dung san pham sau dd, cdng bo ket qua ciia eac nhdm, cho diem ca GV theo ddi, ed the hd trp eac nhdm qua email, mdi nhan, nhan xet va riit kinh nghiem eho nhtrng DA tuan true tie'p de'n mdi nhdm lan detham nim tinh tie'p theo hinh va hd trp kjp thdi Ket qua cudi eilng eua mdi nhdm la ket qua td'ng Trong qua trinh thi/e hien DA, cae nhdm da tie'n hop danh gia cua GV va eae nhdm, eu the: - Diem (kil-2/2014) Tap chi Gido due so 327 55 tmng binh theo danh gia ciia HS = td'ng diem cae theo DA, say me tim tdi nghien eufu eac tai lieu phue nhdm/5; - Diem trung binh nhdm = [(D, x 2) -i- DJ/3; vu hpe tap Chap hanh day dii eae nhiem vu dupe dd: , la diem danh gia cua G V (tren phieu va nhdm phan edng, trach nhiem va nhiettinh eae 2); Dj la diem trung binh theo danh gia cua HS; - viee dupe giao Cd y thure ki luat, tdn trpng quyet djnh Td'ng diem nhdm = Diem tmng binh nhdm xsdthanh eiia nhdm, tham gia eae bud'i hpp/lam viee nhdm diing gid Cdtinh than hpp tac, tuang trp va giup ddban be vien nhdm (xem bang) nhdm Bang tdng hgp kdt qui cua cic nhdm Danh gia m ue dp nim viJng kie'n thure eiia HS thdng Nhom Nhom Nh6m Nhom Nhom Nang Nang NSng Nang qua bai kie'm tra d cac Idp thuc nghiem (TN) so vdi Idp Diim Kh6i it/png IU(?ng iuong h?t lirgng toi trang (9 dd'i chifng (DC): tuong lai mSt trdi nhan{9 xanh(9 da (9 thSnh (9 thSnh t h i n h - Ngi dung kiem tra: GV eho hai Idp TN va DC vjgn) vien) Vi6n) vi6n) vien) duqc kie'm tra eiing mdt de theo hinh thu'c kiem tra tu Nhom Nang iirpng xanh 88 100 87 91 90 91 luan/trie nghiem cho d i i m Bang thdng ke ketqua kiem tra ndidung kien thuc San Nhom Khdi 87 84 100 87 90 88 xuatdien nang (TNSP talTruang THPTTam Duang2, trSng cho di^m Nh(5m Nang VTnh Phue) iL/grng ti/ong lai cho di^m Nh6m N3ng li/ong w^\ trdi cho d i i m Nhom Ndng li/grng hat nhan cho d i l m D i i m trung binh theo ddnh gia cua HS GV cho d i i m D i i m trung binh nhbm Ting diim nhom 88 84 92 86 81 100 Trifdng 86 65 89 90 83 100 85 85 87 89 90 100 87,4 86,2 89.4 86.4 85.2 100 86 85 91 86 87 100 86.47 86,40 90,47 86,80 86.40 100 778,23 766,60 814,23 781,20 777,60 Lclp THPT T N : 11A1 Tam Duong DC:11A4 SoHS Bilnn |4 40 0 0 14 11 40 0 11 15 10 Gia trj diem trung binh: - Ldp TN: = 7,7; - Ldp DC: = 5,0 • TN DDC Bang tdng hop ket qua tren day eho tha'y, eac nhdm tuang dd'i khach quan viee danh gia san pha'm cija nhdm ban Tuy nhien, diem eua eae nhdm chenh lech khdng nhieu va deu sat vdi diem Bieu dd Xep loai hoc tap kien thirc veSan xuatdien nang danh gia eua GV (TNSP vong 2) Qua phan tieh dien bien tie'n trinh TNSP da ** * thue hien, ehiing tdi nhan tha'y eac tie'n trinh DHTDA Cac ket qua TNSP thu dupe d tren eho thay, ket thiet ke va dupe su dung TN S P da dat dupe m ucqua hpe tap cua HS d Idp TN (G V thuc hien cae tie'n tieu day hpc dat ra, cu the: trinh DHTDA) cao han Idp DC (GV day hpe theo - Ve kie'n thifc:sau thue hien DA, HS da nim phuang phaptmyen thd'ng) Vi vay, cdthe khSng djnh dupe nguyen tie eau tao eiia cac nha may dien, pin ring: DHTDA hoan toan cdthe van dung vao day hpc mat trdi (trong linh vuc san xuat dien nang); nguyen Vat li de hinh eae kie'n thifc ve san sua't va sit tic eau tao eiia ddng ca dien, cae thiet bj dun nau, dung dien nang cho HS THPT; ddng thdi, hinh thiet bj dien phan (trong iinh vuc sudung dien nang) va phattrien cho cae em nang luc tu bac eao, giai HS hie'u rd, nim dupe kie'n thu'c thdng qua thu thap quyet van de, hpp tac va giao tie'p • thdng tin, qua thiet kechetao eae md hinh vat chat kT Tai lieu tham khao thuat va cae san pha'm khac - Vekfnang:HS dupe hpc cae kTnang mdi nhu: kT B6 GD-DT Chmmg trinh giao due ph6' thdng cap trung hoc phd thong NXB Gido due, H 2006 nang thu thap va xiJ li thdng tin, kT nang lam viee Le Khoa Day hpe ddt vd gidi quyit vdn di mot sd nhdm, kT nang trinh bay, bao eao Ngoai ra, thdng kiin thiic chuong "Nhang dinh ludt cabdn cila ddng qua DHTDA, HS edn dupe ren luyen nang luc tuduy, dien khong ddi" - Vat li lap 11 & trung hoe phd thong nang luc giai quyet van de, hpp tac va giao tie'p - VethaiddHS cd thii vdi cae hoatddng hpe (Xem tiep trang 65) 56 Tap chi Gido due so 327 (kil-2/2014) nang nghe hie'u ciia minh;-Tuvung, ndidung eiia cdng, GV cung nhu SV phai he't sue nd luc, bai hat hoac nhifng kie'n thire van hoa ve bai hat cd the nhiet tinh dau tu thdi gian va cdng sue de' cac hoat dupe dua lam chij de thao luan; - SV cd co hdi nghi ddng dupe thue hien edng • ngoi, thu gian qua trinh nghe hat; - Co vii tinh than ddng dpi; - SV ed the thuc hanh hat cho chinh (1) L Corno - E Richard Adapting teaching to individual difference among learners New York: ban be hoac ngudi than ciia minh Nhiem vu ciia G Via gpi y dupe nhirng bai hat hay, McMillan reference books 1986 (2) L Dickinson Self-instruction in l a n g u a g e npi dung phii hop vdi lira tud'i va trinh dp eiing nhu sd learning Cambridge Univesity Press 1987 thich ciia SV; la ngudi giiip ddSV gap phai nhifng tu khd hie'u; cd the thuc day bing each td chifc eac Tai lieu tham khao cupc thi hat giira eac nhdm Chic chin SV se rat thich D Byrne Teaching Oral English Singapore: Longman Group Ltd 1990 thii vdi hoat ddng P Chaix - C O'Neil A Critical Analysis of Forms e) Ke chuyin Day la hoat ddng dupe nhieu SV of Autonomous Learning in the Field of Foreign yeu thich, vi giup phat huy kha nang sang tao eua Language Learning UNESCO 1987 ngudi tham gia Ngudi dau tien edthebitdau chuyen L Clandfield "Get out of the Classroom: Ideas for bing mdt eau, nhu: "once upon a time there was " o u t d o o r s p e a k i n g c l a s s e s " h t t p : / / w w w o n e Nhifng vien tiep theo phai tie'p tue keeau chuyen stopenglish.com/skills/speaking/speaking lessons/ bing nhirng tudng tupng eiia minh tung eau mdt speaking4.htm Cambridge 3) Hoat dgng toan bg idp hgc (whole class P e n n y D i s c u s s i o n that w o r k s activities) Ca Idp se tham gia vao hoat ddng dudi University Press 1981 si/ehii tri eiia GV Hoatddng ed the dupe td chirc SUMMARY djnh ki hoac theo eac le, kl niem, nhu: Giang sinh, Halloween, Tet, Valentine, 8-3, eija me va The mastery of the communicative use of English Is, today, the goal that most learners wish toachieve c6thedupc tdehifc dudi nhifng hinh thire sau: a) Cudc thi Cac eude thi cd the dupe td chuc vdi Relatively, teaching speaking has taken up a new level of importance For students who are majoring In Engnhieu hinh thifc: thi hat tieng Anh, thi kie'n thuc, hiing lish in general and for those at Taybac University In bien bang tieng Anh Cae cudi thi ludn hap dan SV, particular, speaking English Is not only an Important skill but a compulsory subject They, however, have vi vay nen td'ehuc thudng xuyen relatively few opportunities to communicate in Engb) Cic hoat ddng ngoai khoi khic lish because speaking skill occupies only a modest Tham vien bao tang Td' ehii'e cho SV di tham number of periods In the curriculum The problem is cac di tieh ljch sii', eae dja danh ndi tieng tai dja phuang how to organnlze other activities for studen ts to pracTrude di, GV ed nhirng yeu cau cu theeho SV: ghi tice speaking The writer is, therefore, motivated to suggest some techniques to solve the problem chep lai nhifng thdng tin ve noi de'n tham, ghi lai nhifng gi thii vj hoac nhifng earn xiic sau chuyen di - Da ngoai GV cd the td chii'c cae eude da ngoai theo chii de Ngoai muc dich vui choi, giai tri, mdi (Tiep theo trang 56) cude da ngoai edn tao eho SV ea hdi thuc hanh kha nang ngdn ngireua minh theo nhifng yeu eau eu the miin nui Lujn van thae si Giao due hpc, Truang Dai cua G V Vi du: - Sir dung cau true mdi, de nghj (let's hpc su pham - Dai hpc Thai Nguyen, 2006 go , why don't we , shall we , what about ); - Liet ke nhirng tu vung lien quan de'n dd an, dd ud'ng ; SUMMARY The paper presents two pedagogical experiments - Liet ke cac each dien dat khac de dien ta: Idi within the project taught in somehlgh schoolln Vinh camon, Idixinldi, Idikhen Thirc nghiem day hoc theo dir an Tdm lai, su hiiu ieh eua cac hoat ddng ndi ngoai Idp hpc la khdng the phii nhan Tuy nhien, viee to' chii'c thudng xuyen va rdng rai eae boat dpng khdng d l , vi ddi hdi nhieu yeu td (thdi gian, dja diem, cdng viee ciia GV cung nhu eiia SV ) Detd chirc (kil-2/2014) Phue Content: in the experimental class, the teacher made the teaching process and production projects using electricity, at the control layer, a review of teacher knowledge production and power usage The results showed that the academic achievement of the experimental class students (teachers teaching project basis) higher grade control class (teachers teaching In the traditional method) Tap chi Gido due so 327 65 ... (kil-2/2014) Tap chi Gido due so 327 55 tmng binh theo danh gia ciia HS = td''ng diem cae theo DA, say me tim tdi nghien eufu eac tai lieu phue nhdm/5; - Diem trung binh nhdm = [(D, x 2) -i- DJ/3; vu hpe... w^\ trdi cho d i i m Nhom Ndng li/grng hat nhan cho d i l m D i i m trung binh theo ddnh gia cua HS GV cho d i i m D i i m trung binh nhbm Ting diim nhom 88 84 92 86 81 100 Trifdng 86 65 89 90... chii''c cae eude da ngoai theo chii de Ngoai muc dich vui choi, giai tri, mdi (Tiep theo trang 56) cude da ngoai edn tao eho SV ea hdi thuc hanh kha nang ngdn ngireua minh theo nhifng yeu eau eu