MDI TRirflNIi HOC TAP KifN TAO TRDNG L0P OOi OOQNG GIAO VIEN ThS, NGUYEN THI THU THUY'''' Boi dudng thudng xuyen (BDTX) cho giao vien (GV) la nipt trong nhieu md hinh nham phat trien nghe nghiep lien tue[.]
MDI TRirflNIi HOC TAP KifN TAO TRDNG L0P OOi OOQNG GIAO VIEN ThS, B oi dudng thudng xuyen (BDTX) cho giao vien (GV) la nipt nhieu md hinh nham phat trien nghe nghiep lien tue eho G V vaduge xem la md hinh ed uu the giup so ddng GV duge tiep ean vdi cac chuong trinh phat trien nghe nghiep Mac du cac hinh thdc BDTX dupe sudyng kha linh hoat, nhung phan Idn eae hinh thuc deu dua tren hoat ddng day hpc (DH) de trien khai, Mdt nhung hudng nghien eutj nhlim nang cao chat lugng BDTX la nang cao ehat luang DH, dae biet la ehat lugng hpc tap cua hgc vien la GV qua trinh thuc hien eae ehuong trinh boi dudng Cd nhieu yeu to anh hudng den chat luang hge tap cua GV BDTX Moi trudng hoc tap (MTHT) kie'n tao ia mdttrong nhung ;^eu tddd Hoc tap kien tao Idp BDTX GV Triet li kien tao DH da dupe nghien ei/u va phat trien manh me rdn^ khap cac linh vuc va cap hgc, td mam non cho den dai hpc Nhieu chien lupc, md hinh va kT thuat DH theo thuye't kien lao da dugc ban den hoac phattrien eae nghlencdu luan an, detai cac cap dnudcta nhu DH giai quyetvan de,DH tim tdi, DH hop tac, DH dt/a vao tuong tac, DH di/a vao duan Ngoai ra, chung cung duoc de cap nhieu eae tai lieu duan nhu la nhdng kTthuat da bien va dupe ung dung lau tren the gidi Nghien ciJfu li thuyet ve hpc tap cho tha'y: 1) Hgc tap la hoat ddng eua ngudi hoc va ngudi hpe thuc hien, khdng al cd the thay the 6[iac hp; 2) Hpe tap la mot hoat dpng, vay nd duge hinh va phat trien Theo dd, nhiem VLI va muc tieu cua ngudi day la hinh va phattrien hoatdpng hpc cho ngudi hgc; 3) Do dupe hinh va phat trien pen hoat ddng hpc chiu si/tac dpng eua nhieu yeu td, co nhung ye'u td""thude ban than ngudi hpe va n h i ^ g yeu td ben ngoai ngudi hpe Tat ca nhung gl quan he den hoat ddng hpc, cd tae dgng qua lai vdi nd (vdi qua trinh hinh vaphattrienhoatddng hge) la mdi tn/dng cua hcc tap Cae tae gia Steffe & Gale (1995), Tobiri (1993) cho ring, thuye't kien tao da trd li thuyet cd arih hudng Idn khoa hpe giao dye St/ hap d i n eua kien tao la nd cung ea'p mot khudn kho ehde nang hpp li cho su hieu biet va trinh bay kinh nghiem hpe tap va giang day Theo each nay, kie'n tao giu nhiem vu tham ehieu tdi li thuyet "dexay dung mot Idp hpc td'i N G U Y E N THI THU THUY' da hda hoat ddng hpe tap cua ngudi hge" (1) Dieu da nhan manh tdi su can thjel ed tac ddng su pham anh hudng tdi moi tnrdng dien cac hoatdpng hgc tap cua ngudi hgc, giup ngudi hgc kien tao tri thue mdi, ed y nghTa duajren kinh nghiem cua hg va bang each giaiquyet dupe eae nhiem vu, van de hgc tap B&ng viec khai quat eae nghien edu ve DH, tae gia Dang Thanh Hung eho rang "viee thiet ke phuong phap DH phai bam sat tung loai hoat ddng cua ngudi hgc, cung nhuphuong tien, mdi tn/dng cua bai hgc" (2) Do dd, DH kien tao ldp BDTX G V nhan manh sutap tnjng vao eae yeu td anh huong tdi hoat ddng hoc tap CLJa ngudi hgc, dd, kinh nghiem qua khd eua ngudi hge duge tdnjrgng; kinh nghiem va kie'n thuc eua hpduoe dtJng de hudng dan giang day Ngudi hgc phai dupc coi la ngudi chju trach nhiem chinh ve phuang phap hgc eua minh, khdng theo hiing thu tdng luc.Dleuddddi hoi ngudi day phai linh hoat Ngudi day ddng vai trd la ngudi hd trp, hudng dan ngudi hpc thdng qua kmh nghiem, giiip ngudi hpc hoan thien suy nghTva cung ea'p eho hg eo hdi dexay dung niem tin tukinh nghiem cua hg Ngudi tipe edco hdi de thu nghiem, va duac hudng dan viec ket hop vai ket qua kiem tra theoquan diern ca nhan cua hg Ngudi day eung cap nhieu co hpide ngudi hpc cdthetrap dd1 kien tao tri thue mdi, ed y nghia dua tren suke't nd'i cac li thuyet va kinh nghiem da ed MTHT kien tao lop BDTX GV MTHT Idp BDTX G y - noi diln hoat dong BDTX eua hgc vien la GV gom tap hop cae yeu td'cd anh hudng de'n suhinh va phattrien hoat ddng hpe tap eua G V tai Idp BDTX MTHT ca ngudi day va ngudi hpe eung phoi hc^ td ehde hay tao dung, ngudi hgc mang day du dae die'm hgc tap ciia hoc vien ngudi Idn MTHT kien tao Idp BDTX GVTH dugc xem_ ia mpt khung hudng dan giang day dUa tren van de iuoc thiet ke hai hda m thiet ke td'ng the eua bai hpe, dd, ngudi hpe ddng vai trd ehu the eua hoat ddng hpe tap va ngudi day ddng vai trd ngudi hudng din, tu van ho trg ngudi hoc chiem ITnh tri thue mdi thdng qua dudng kien tao Trong MTHT * Vu Giao due dai hoc, 66 Giao dgc va Dao tao Tap chi Gido due so 338 33 (ki2-7/2014) ngudi day cd the eung cap bat ke nguon tai nguyen hgc tap nao ma ngudi hpe can, tu viec dua tren kinh nghiem, dua tren van de ean giai quyet den bd'i eanh tht/c te vabd'l canh ao, tat ea cac van de dugc tieh hop thiet keglang day kie'n tao MTHT kien tao se la mdt MTHT giau thdng tin, nhan van, ed tuong tac, ed tinh mdva hudng vao ngudi hoc de giup ngucfl hgc cdthe giai quyet van de, tuong tae vdi ngudi khac va danh gia viec hgc cua hg Mot SO dac diem cua MTHT kien tao lopBDTXGV Nghien cdu dac diem cua MTHT kie'n tao ldp BDTX GV dua tren quan diem DH kien tao, tap tmng vao ngudi hgc va dua tren tae ddng qua lai giua ngudi day, ngudi hpc va eae nhan to cua MTHT Dd la: 1) Ngudi bge Idp BDTX GV li cin bg quan ligiao diie (thupc cac eo quan C]uan li giao due dja phuong, cac ea sd giao dye thdng) va GV Hoddng vai trd la hpc vien qua trinh tham gia boi dudng Dd la n h i ^ g nguc^ hgc da trudng nhung hoc vien ngucrt Idn Vi vay: - MTHT tronp Idp BDTX GV la MTHT cua hpc vien ngudi Idn Cac ye'u td'tao eau cac loai MTHT ldp BDTX GV cd lien quan chat ehe den nhung dae diemeua hpe vien ngudi Idn cung nhu nhung nguyen t i c va ptiong each hpe tap eua hg • GV vdi vai trd ngudi hgc^trong Idp BDTX GV khdng ehi cd day du cae dac diem cua hgc vien ngudi Idn ma cdn cd nhdng dac diem rieng phan anh tinh ehat lao ddng nghe nghiep cua hp Do dd, yeu cau ve tinh su pham ddi vdi MTHT Idp BDTX GV rat nghiem ngat -DdinguGV hien dugc dao tao tdnhieu nguon, nhieu hinh thdc khae nhau;_kinh nghiem nghe nghiep eung rat khac Vi the, cung tham gia mdt chutjng trinh boi dudng eua BDTXGV,hgse la nhung ye'u td'tao rasu da dang cac md'i quan he, cac hoat ddng dien khong gian noi diln hoat ddng bdi dudng Dieu cho thay, MTHT kien tao Idp BDTX GV la khdng thuan nha't 2) Ngudi day la ngudi budng dan ngudi hgc theo nbung mtJC tieu xic dinh chuang trinh boidudng bing kien thue va kinh nghiem eoam/Vj/i.Trongdd, ngudi day phai to'chdc hudng d i n hpc tap de Iam sinh tri thuc dngudi hge va dua nhdng ean thiep cd lgi vao qua trinh hgc tap eua ngudi hge 3) USTHtkien tao phai tao dngudi hgc s t f tham gia, bung thu va tracb nhiem Nd g i n cho ngudi day vai trd xay dung kehoach, hudng dan hoat dpng va hop tac Ndgan cho mdi trudng anh hudng quan trpng den eae phuong phap rieng etja ngudi hgc va ngudi day Do dd, MTHT kien tao ean: a) Dam bao su phtj hop cua ea nhan ngudi hgc (kinh nghiem, kien thdc san ed) vdi eae van de can gial quyet bd'i eanh hgc tap tai Idp BDTX G V b) Ho trp ngudi hpe giai quye't van de hpc tap cd y nghia ddi vol hp e) Khuyen khich ngudi hpe kien tao tri thiic mdi thdng qua phan hoi d) Thuc day ngudI hpc tham gia cac hoat dpng hgc tap thdng qua dieu khien, chia se e) Hdtrg ngudi hpc kien tao tri th tie mdi thong qua thao luan, hpp tac, dam phan DH la hoat ddng cdt Idi eua giao due ndi chung va cua BDTXGV ndi rieng.Xuatphattd vai trd, tim _quan trpng cua BDTX G V, can thiet phai ehii trpng den eae bien phap denang eao chat luc^gDH, dae bigt la ehat lugng hge tap cua GV tham gia BDTX Mdt nhung bien phap, la thiet ke MTHT kien tao dieu kien eu the la cae Idp BDTX GV nhulamdttrong nhung hinh thde giao due ngudi Idn va phattrien nghe nghiep G V a (1) Tobm, K., & Tippins, D "Constructivism as a referent for teaching and learning" The practice of constructivism in education pp 3-21 1993 {2} Dang Thanh Hung Day hoc hien dai NXB Dgi hgc qu&e gia, H 2002 Tiii li^utham khdo BO GD-DT Quy chebSi du&ng thuang xuyin gido viin mdm non, ph6 thdng vd gido diic thuang xuyin {ban h^nh theo ThOng tu-sd 26/2012/TT-BGDDT ngky 10/7/2012) Bill Van Quan Dfi xuat dinh huong va giai phSp bdi dudng giao vien Ki ye'u Hpi thdo khoa hgc Xdy dung chuong trtnh bSi duang thuimg xuyin gido viin mdm non, phd thdng vd gido due thu&ng xuyin 00 GD-DT, H 2008 Nguyen Thj Thu Thiiy "Mdi trudng hpc t^p b6i duOng thudng xuy6n cho giSo vien phd th6ng" Tgp chi Gido due, sd 248, thang 10/2010 Steffe, L P., & Gale, J "Constructivism in education", Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates 1995 SUMMARY Constructlvist in education have been researched and developed strong broad areas and levels Many strategies, models and learning techniques of constructlvist was developed in the teaching and learning as problem solving, inquiry based learning, cooperative learning, teaching interactive, teaching based on project This study focuses on the characteristics of the learning environment construvivist in specific conditions class of in-service teacher training as one of the forms of adult education and teachers professional development L Tap chi Gido due so 338 (ki2-7/2014) ... ngudi Idn cung nhu nhung nguyen t i c va ptiong each hpe tap eua hg • GV vdi vai trd ngudi hgc ^trong Idp BDTX GV khdng ehi cd day du cae dac diem cua hgc vien ngudi Idn ma cdn cd nhdng dac diem... hgc theo nbung mtJC tieu xic dinh chuang trinh boidudng bing kien thue va kinh nghiem eoam/Vj/i.Trongdd, ngudi day phai to''chdc hudng d i n hpc tap de Iam sinh tri thuc dngudi hge va dua nhdng... BDTX Mdt nhung bien phap, la thiet ke MTHT kien tao dieu kien eu the la cae Idp BDTX GV nhulamdttrong nhung hinh thde giao due ngudi Idn va phattrien nghe nghiep G V a (1) Tobm, K., & Tippins,