IAP (JMI KHUA HOC DHSP TPHCM ISguyen fhu&c iSao KhOi J MOT SO Y KIEN \ t CONG TAC BOI DU^ONG GIAO VIEN NGUYEN PHU''''O''''C B A O KHOI * T6M TAT Viec doi mai chuang trinh vd sdch gido khoa (SGK) sau ndm 201[.]
IAP (JMI KHUA HOC DHSP TPHCM ISguyen fhu&c iSao KhOi J MOT SO Y KIEN \ t CONG TAC BOI DU^ONG GIAO VIEN NGUYEN PHU'O'C B A O K H O I * T6M TAT Viec doi mai chuang trinh vd sdch gido khoa (SGK) sau ndm 2015 dd dat cong viec boi duang gido vien truac nhimg yeu cdu cdp ihiil Dua tren ca sa phdn tich nhimg truang hap cu thi a dia bdn Thdnh phd Hd Chi Minh (TPHCM), bdi viit dua nhimg nhan xet khdi qudt vd neu mot so kien nghi vdi muc dich di cong tdc bdi duang gido vien CO nhieng chuyen bien tich ciec tuang lai Tir khoa: boi duong giao vien, doi moi chuong trinh va sach giao khoa ABSTRACT Some comments on in-service teacher traimng The renovation of curricula and textbooks after 2015 has raised urgent tasks for inservice teacher training Through the analysis of some specific cases in Ho Chi Minh City, the paper offers some general comments as well as recommendations in hope that there will be some positive changes in in-service teacher training in the future Keywords: In-service teacher training, renovation of curricula and textbooks Tam quan cua cong tac boi dir&ng giao vien Vai muc dich giup giao vien nang cao nang luc to chiic cac boat dong day hoc, cap nhat kien thuc ve chuyen mon nghiep vu day hpc, giao dye theo yeu cau Clia chuan nghS nghiep, dap ling nhiem vu tung nam hpc, moi cap hoc va yeu cau phat trien nang cao chat lupng giao due ciia dia phuong, vi^c b6i du5ng thuong xuyen la cong tac da va dang dupfc quan tam Ben canh do, dupfc boi duong toan dien khong chi la nghia vu, trach nhiem cua timg giao vien ma la quyen loi Clia hp nd dap iing nhu cau phat trien nghe nghi?p Hen tuc va nang cao nang lyc tu hoc, tu boi duong cua gido vien Boi duong giao vien la cong tac mang tinh chien lupfc, phai lam thuong xuyen, lien tuc, lau dai de xay dung mpt " ThS, Trud'ng Dgi hpc Sif phgm TPHCM, Email' dpi ngu giao vien du ve so lupng, phu hpp ve CO cau va co chat luong cao, phuc vu cho chien lupc phat trien lau dai ciia nha trudng, ciia nganh Mat khdc, cfing tac boi duong mang tinh cap bach bofi nha tnrcmg phai thuc hien nhiing yeu cau cua nam hpc, nhiing chi dao Clia nganh nham nang cao chat lucfng giao due nhu doi moi chuong trinh, SGK, phuong phap day hpc Chuyen luan ve phuang phap day van ciia Elaine Showalter cho biet: cac nghien ciiu sinh nganh giao due hpc ciia he thong truang Dai hpc Califomia to chiic lap cong doan de phan doi chuyen di day ma chua CO su chuan bi Su chuan hi ve nhieu mat cho cong viec giang day tra dieu vo cimg biic thiet vdi hp: "Trong nhiing nam qua, nghien ciiu sinh da tien hanh khao sat y kien cho thay sinh npbkhoiaval@yahoo.com 23 TAP CHI KHOA HOC DHSP TPHCM vien muon ducrc dao tao nhieu ban niia viec giang day van hpc ( ) Mpt nghien ciiu sinh cho biet, "That dang sp Dii toi da nghien ciiu qua tai lieu nhung vln CO cam giac can nhieu su tro giup hon nGa." (Opinion surveys of graduate students carried out over the past few years have all shown that students want more training in how to teach literature ( ) "It was scary, " said one 'T knew the material, but felt like needed a lot more help.) [4, tr.l 11] Doi chieu vol cong tac danh gia giao vien dua vao chuan nghe nghiep, chiing ta nhan thay khong dan gian doi voi giao vien neu nhu khong dupc boi duang thucmg xuyen, lien tuc sau da tot nghiep dai hpc Vai tieu chuan va 25 tieu chi danh gia [1, tr.12-14], khong chi tap trung vao boat dpng day hpc, chi tinh rieng phan danh gia ve nang luc day hpc ciing da co den tieu chi, qua that dieu khien giao vien khong de hoan nhiem vu theo diing chuan yeu cau Sau nam 2015, Bp Giao due va Dao tao sg tien hanh doi mai chuang trinh va SGK Giao due nuac ta dang buac vao giai doan rat quan trpng va mang tinh quyet dinh Nhiing pham chat dao due, nang luc chuyen mon va nghiep vu su pham Clia giao vien cSn phai nhu thS nao de dam bao cho doi mcri giao due 24 S6 6(72) nam 2015 cong? Vcri vai tro to Ion nhu vay viec boi duong giao vien ve mpi mat de thich iing kip thoi va t6t nh4t voi nhiing chuyin bien manh me ciia nganh giao due cang dat cap thiet ban Khao sat cong tac boi du&ng giao vien qua mot so trucmg ho"p cu the 2.1 Xem xet pham vi hep bp mon Ngii van, nhiing so lieu cu the sau da giiip chiing toi co dupc cai nhin khai quat ve viec boi duang chuyen mon cho giao vien tren dia ban TPHCM Sa Giao due va Dao tao thuc hien va boat dpng boi duotig thuang xuyen a mot so tinh phia Nam khoa NgQ- van Truang DHSP TPHCM dam nhan So lupfng chuyen de boi du5ng Sa Giao due va Dao tao TPHCM bon nien khoa tu nam 2009 den nam 2013 la 12 chuyen de Trong viec tap huan giao vien day chuyen dugc thuc hien deu dan hang nam, mdi nien khoa co nhiing chuyen de moi theo dinh huong Clia Bp Giao due va Dao tao Da ph4n cac chuyen 6k Hpi d6ng bp mon va Chuyen vien dac trach ciia phong Trung hpc thong thuc hien, c6 chuyen d6 mai chuyen gia ben ngoai din bao cao Thanh phin tham du cac buoi tap hudn boi duang chuyen mon la t6 truong to Ngii van ciia cac truofng trung hpc thong tren dia ban TPHCM Cu thi nhu sau (xem bang 1): I AK UHI KHOA HOC DHSP TPHCM i\guyen fnirffc jsao Anoi Bdng Thong ke cdc chuyen de ciia Sa Gido due vd Ddo tao TPHCM giai doan 2009 — 2013 2009 - 2010 2010 - 2011 | 2011 - 2 T a p huan giao vien day chuyen • Ddi mai kiem tra danh • Tap huan doi moi Cac hucmg tiep gia va thuc hien chuan kien phuang phap day can phe binh thlic kT nang hoc Ngii van va doc hieu van ban van hoc • Doi moi day vSn va hoc kiem tra danh gia van cap THPT • Tham du tap huan • Tap huan ve to chiic hoat xay dung cau hoi dong giao due gia tri va kT theo he thong PISA nang song cho hpc sinh cap • Doi moi kiem tra THCS THPT danh gia va mot so • Tap huan ve bien soan phucmg phap va kT ma tran de kiem tra va xay thuat day hpc tich dung thu vien cau hoi, bai cue tap mon Ngii van • Tich hpfp giao due tu tuong Ho Chi Minh mon Ngtr van | 2012 - 2013 • Tap huan doi mai sinh hoat to chuyen mon theo mo hinh nghien Cliu bai hpc • Tu tuofng li luan Van hoc Trung dai Viet Nam Trong cung thoi gian, khoa NgCr van Truang DHSP TPHCM cung dam nhan chuyen de boi duong thuang xuyen d ba tinh Soc Trang, Long An va Kien Giang Thong tin duac thong ke nhu sau (xem bang 2): Bdng Thdng ke cdc chuyen de Khoa XgCr vdn thuc hien iheo yeu cdu ciia mot so dia phuong lie ndm 2009 — 2013 " " ^ - ^ - ^ ^ I V i e n khoa 2009-2010 Chuyen de ~~~~~— ~ ^ Mpt so van de phuang phap giang day nghi luan X xa hpi va nghj luan vdn (Soc Trang) hoc Doi mai phuong phap kiem tra, danli gia X day hoc van hpc truang (Soc Trang) THPT Tich cue hoa day hpc ngir van qua kiem tra danh gia d tmdng THPT Cach thlic to chiic cac hoat dpng hpc tap hop tac va hpc sinh thuyet trinh day hpc Ngii van 2010-2011 2011-2012 2012-2013 X (Kien Giang) X (Long An) X (Long An) X (Kien Giang) X (Kien Giang) 25 I Mr i-ni r\nuM n v ^ t ; n o r i rrn^ivi Khoa Ngii van cilng dang ki 14 chuyen dk vdi Tmdng DHSP TPHCM dk thuc hien bdi dudng chuyen mdn theo yeu cau ciia dia phuang Cu the nhu sau: • Day dpc hieu tac pham trir tinh • Day dpc hieu tac pham tu su • Day hpc lam van theo hudng tich hpfp • Day hpc tich hpp van hpc nudc ngoai va li luan van hpc chucmg trinh phd thdng • Tich cue hda day hpc Ngii van d tmdng THPT qua kiem tra danh gia • KT thuat td chiic hoat dpng hgp tac day hpc Ngii van • Sac thai ban dja ciia van hpc qudc ngu Nam Bd chuong trinh THPT • Day dpc hieu van ban phi hu cau • Van dung cac khuynh hudng phe binh van hpc vao day hpc tac pham d tmdng PTTH • Tich hgp kT ndng sdng d^y hpc Ngii vdn d trudng THPT • Phuang ngii Nam Bd va viSc ren kl nang tao lap van ban trudng quy • Tha chii Han chuang trinh phd thdng: tir hieu sat nghia din cam thu tac pham • Tac pham van hpc tmng dai va viec day dpc hieu theo thi loai • Day hpc sinh ghi nhd, van dung kien thiic li luan van hpc vao viec dpc hieu va t^o lap van ban Tdng hgp thdng tin tir nhihig thdng ke tren, chiing tdi nhan thiy viec bdi duang giao vien tap tmng chii yiu vao chuyen mdn hep, hudng din viec bdi dudng kiin thiic chuyen nganh va phuang phap giang day bd mdn Khi tiip 26 50 0[/.^J nurn ^v can van de nay, chiing tdi co tham kha( bd tai lieu Chuyen di bdi duang gidt vien trung hpc ihong mon Ngic vat va Tdi lieu ho tra gido vien tap sir mot Ngif vdn (do Bp Gido dye va Dao tac ciing DHSP Hui, DHSP Thai Nguyer thuc hien) Vdn di cdc tac gia quan tair ca hai tai lieu vdn hudng vao nhiing npi dung nhu da de cdp d tren 2.2 Trong qua trinh gidng day t^i Tmdng THCS - THPT Dmh Thien L> (Lawrence S.Ting School - LSTS), chiing tdi dugc tryc tiip tham gia vao nhiing lop bdi dudng, sinh boat chuyen de nha trudng td chiic Hinh thiic bdi dudng cii the nhu sau: • Thanh phan bao cao vien: Rat da dang, cd the la cac chuyen gia giao due nudc ngoai hoac nudc, la ban giam hieu nha trudng hoac cdc gido vien cahiru • Cach thirc thuc hien: Tat ca cac gido vien mdi deu phai trai qua khda b6i dudng 15 chuyen di ca ban (xem bang 3) Nhung chuyen de se dugc thuc hien thdi gian trudc bdt ddu nien khda mdi Sau dd, dinh ki mdi tuan hoac hai tudn mpt lan vao hai tiit cu6i budi chiiu thii 5, tdt ca giao vien se cung tham du budi tap huan chuy6n de mcri hoac nghe bao cao kinh nghiem • Noi dung tap huan dinh ki: Bao gom nhimg vdn di lien quan din hop dpng chu nhiem (each thiic quan Ii hanh vi cua hgc sinh, kT ndng giao fiip vdi ph^ huynh hpc sinh va lam viec cimg phu huynh khd tinh ), phwang phdp dg} hpc (cdch day hpc phan hda, day hoc theo thuyit kiin tao, day hoc dua vac Mr uni r\nuM n u u uncsr i rrioM muc tieu, lap ke hoach va td chiic hoat dpng day hpc hieu qua, sii dung hinh dnh dd hoa day hpc, kT nang tmyen dat npi dung ro rang ), irng dung cong nghe thdng tin gidng dgy (sii dung PowerPoint tao bai day tuang tac, gidi thieu cdng cy true tayen Engrade, gidi thieu Google Forms, hudng ddn each thirc sii dung cdng cu Moodle ), tam li gido due - kl ndng song (khdm pha ban than - quan li cupc ddi, quan li cam xuc ling vdi cang thang, kT nang giao tiep hieu qua, ki ndng hop tdc ), trao ddi kinh nghiem thuc te hoac bdo cdo cac chuyen di nudc ngoai hpc tap ngdn • Danh gia chat lirpng boi dirong va phan hoi thong tin: Mdt sd chuyen gia gido dye nudc ngoai (Ms Natalie Pham, Ms Alice Wan ) lam viec nhu mpt gido vien ca hiiu tai trudng, nhiem vu cua hp bao gdm song song hai cdng viec: gidng day chuang trinh Anh van nguyen rnuuc nav iinvt tang cudng cho hpc sinh va tap huan gido vien Dac biet, nhu da neu tren, chinh ban giam hieu (Ms Ding Ya Wen, Mr Le Van A) ciing tham gia tich cue vao viec tap huan bdi dudng giao vien Vi vdy nhiing van de da dugc tap huan bam sat yeu cdu ciia nha trudng va viec giang day cua gido vien Viec dp dyng hgp li nhiing vdn de dugc bdi duong vao thuc te gido dye gdn nhu la mdt yeu cdu bat budc dugc theo doi va danh gia Nhirng khd khan vice ling dyng se dugc gido vien phdn hdi trao ddi true tiep va thudng xuyen vdi ngudi tdp hudn bdi duong Ddng thdi, nhiing giao vien da dp dyng hieu qua, cdng se bdo cao kinh nghiem va hudng ddn trd l^i cho ddng nghiep vao nhiing budi sinh boat chuyen mdn hoac bao cao chuyen de dinh ki vao chieu thii • Cac chuyen d€ boi dir&ng chuyen mon: Dugc thdng ke d bang sau day: Bang Cdc chuyen de Trucmg THCS- THPT Dinh Thien Ly thuc hien giai doan 2010 - 2013 I 2010-2011 2011-2012 2012 - 2013 Bon chuyen de dac thii cua nha truong: Tim hieu ve sii mang va nhirng gid tri cdt loi Clia trudng LSTS, yeu cau cita nha tmdng doi vdi giao vien, day va hpc Uong nha tmdng vdn hoa trudng LSTS, cdng tdc chii nhiem tai tmdng LSTS Bay chuyen de ve phuorng phap to chirc hoat dong daiy hgc: Nhan biet ban than, thuyet da tri tue, thang phan loai Bloom, he thdng danh gid gid day mdi, ki nang quan li ldp hpc, kT nang qudn li thdi gian, td chuc hieu qua hoat dpng thuyit trinh ciia HS Bon chuyen de ve ung dijing c6ng ngh£ thong tin hoat dgng day hoc: Sir dung ICT ldp hpc, danh gid HS bdng cdng cu Rubrics, gidi thieu Web 2.0 Tools, gidi thieu vePBL Giao vien ciia truong Giao vien cua trirdng Giao vien cua tnrong phu trach: phu trdch: phu trach: a Ve phirong phap to a Ve phuong phap to a Ve phirong phdp to chirc ho^t dgng d^y hgc chirc hoat dong day hoc (7 chuc hoat dpng d£iy hoc (4 chuyen de) (15 chuyen de) chuyen de) 27 I Mr v-»ni r\nw/-\ nv*-' i^f "^'^ b Ve ung dung cong nghe thong tin hoat dong dgiy hoc (2 chuyen de) c Trao doi kinh nghiem thuc te (2 chuyen de) Chuyen de khach mdi phu trach (5 chuyen di) • So buoi boi dirong: 54 • So chuyen de boi dirong: 39 • Khoang thdi gian boi dirong: tir thdng 6-2010 (ngdy 22-6) den thdng 52011 (ngdy 21-5) b Ve ung dung cong nghf thong tin ho^t dong day hgc (4 chuyen de) c Trao ddi kinh nghi&m thirc te (3 chuyen de) Chuyen de khach mdi phu trach (1 chuyen de) • So budi boi duong: 55 • So chuyen de boi duong: 31 • Khoang thoi gian boi duong: tii thdng 6-2011 (ngay 6-6) den thdng 5-2012 (ngay 17-5) Co thi thdy Tmdng THCS - THPT Dinh Thien Ly da lam rat tdt cdng tdc bdi duang giao vien, chu ddng giiip giao vien trau ddi nghiep vy, ndng cao trinh dp, cd khd ndng ddp img yeu cdu cao ciia mpt mdi trudng gido due qudc te chuyen nghiep Dieu vira giiip dao tao lai giao vien, vira giiip gido vien hieu ro mdi trudng lam viec de tir bit nhip tdt vao cdng tdc gido due hpc sinh tai tmdng Mgt so y kien ve cong tac boi dudng giao vien Tir thuc te khao sdt tren chiing tdi xin neu mdt sd y kien sau vi viec bdi dudng gido vien • Ket hgrp dao t^o ban dau va dao tao lien tyc* boi duong song song ca chuyen mdn va nghiep vu' Nhieu don vi gido dye vdn chua thuc hien ddy dii cdng tac ddo tao lai va bdi dudng lien tuc cho giao vien, "fiep tuc dao tao thdi gian Iam vi?c (inservice training) la yeu cdu khdch quan, giiip cho viec ndng cao, cap nhdt 28 b Trao doi kinh nghien thu-c te(l chuyen de) Chuyen de Ithaci moi phu trach (1 chuyer di) • So buoi boi duong: 40 • So chuyen de boi duong: 21 • Khoang thdi gian boi duong: tir thdng 5-2012 (ngay 30-5) den thang 52013 (ngay 30-5) hda tri thiic, kT ndng cua giao vien dap ling yeu cdu ddi mdi ciia xa hpi ddi vol giao due, yeu cdu ciia ngdnh gido due viec chudn hda dpi ngu gido vien, yeu cau cua cd nhan gido vien dugc tiep thu cdc chuang trinh giang day mdi, cac phuang phdp gidng day mdi" [3, tr.41] Theo quy dinh cua Bd Gido dye va Dao tao, thdi gian bdi dudng thudng xuyen ddi vdi giao vien cdc cdp hpc la 120 tiet/ nam Bd da phan cdp cho cac ca sd xac dinh ndi dung bdi dudng vd thdi luong bdi duang theo ti le: 50% ddnh cho bii duong chuyen mdn va nghiep vu su pham ciia giao vien cdc bac hpc, lai 50% danh cho bdi dudng cap nhdt nhihig tri thlic mdi vd nhiing quan diem chi dac mdi cua nganh va cua dia phuong Nhu vdy, bdi dudng Hen tyc, diu dan vi nhiiu mat chinh la quyen lgi ma mpi gido vier dugc hudng Hon thi, viec bdi dudnj giao vien chinh la hoat ddng lam tai^ them trinh dp hien tai cd ve kiin thuc k: nang, fhdi dp nhdm giiip cho gido vi& I PiV^ UHI KHUA HUG DHtiP I HHGM thuc hien cdng viec dat ket qua tdt ban Chiing ta van cdn quan niem khu biet bdi duang gido vien theo dac thii bd mdn, chu trpng kien thiic ma ddi quen mat boat ddng bdi dudng yeu cau co su ket hgp, tdng hda ciia rat nhieu npi dung bao gdm cd cdng tdc chii nhiem, cdng tac kiem nhiem, nhiing kien thirc ve tdm li hpc, gido due hpc, ngoai ngir, tin hpc Do dd, cac cap qudn li can phai hieu diing, hieu ddy dii ve cdng tac bdi dudng gido vien, "phdi tang cudng mat dao tao ve nghe day hpc, de phong khuynh hudng trd lai chi cham lo dao tao ve kien thirc chuyen mdn" [3, tr 45] • Chuyen bien hinh thuc bdi dudng: boi dudng tgi noi Iam viec can phat trien thay the dan boi duong tap trung theo cum Khdng the phii nhdn boi dudng thudng xuyen cho gido vien la md hinh cd uu the giiip sd ddng gido vien thu nhdn nhiing kien thiic phuc vu cho viec ndng cao nang luc chuyen mdn Phan ldn cac hinh thiic deu thuc hien theo hai budc: tap hudn gido vien cdt can theo dia phuong va gido vien cdt can tap huan dai tra cho gido vien d co sd Budc tap huan gido vien cdt cdn khdng the khdng tap tmng tai cdc Idp tap hudn Nhung budc thir hai hodn toan co the giao cho don vi trudng chu ddng td chirc Nghien ciiu van de dao tao gido vien, tac gid Trdn Bd Hoanh nen nhan xet: "Viec boi dudng sau dao tao dugc nhieu nudc thyc hien theo tinh than gido dye lien tuc, giao due sudt ddi dudi nhieu hinh thiic [ ] Ndi dung bdi dudng dugc phan hoa, dap img nhu cdu khac cua cdc nhdm ddi ISguyen niuac nao Knot tugng Hinh thiic bdi dudng da dang, phii hgp vdi hoan cdnh va dieu kien cua cdc loai gido vien" [3, tr.41] Qud that ndi dung cu the viec bdi dudng chuyen mdn rat da dang, nd phu thupc vao tinh hinh thuc te tai ca sd cung nhu nhu cdu true fiep ciia timg phdn mdn, ciia mdi giao vien Hien Bp Giao due va Dao tao da yeu cau tien hdnh cdi thien chat lugng sinh boat td chuyen mdn theo hudng nghien ciru bai hpc, van de bdi dudng giao vien cang can chuyen dan tir bdi dudng tap trung theo cum sang bdi dudng tai ca sd Ddi sanh hai hinh thirc sinh boat td chuyen mdn truyen thdng va theo md hinh nghien ciiu bai hpc, dieu khdc co ban nhdt chinh la thay the viec td chuyen mdn ddnh gia xep loai tiet day cua mpt gido vien bang hinh thirc td hodc nhom giao vien ciing lam viec, ciing tham gia phan tfch, kiem dinh nhimg gia thiet ve ndi dung - phuang phap day hpc cua bai hpc duac nghien ciru [2, tr.6775] Trong chuyen luan ve phuong phdp day van, Elaine Showalter da ddn mpt VI du cu the sau: "Mdi tudn gap mdt lan, chiing tdi ciing dpc cac bai tieu ludn, sdch vd CO npi dung lien quan den su pham vd quan sdt, tim hieu cdc doan phim noi ve viec gidng day cua Trudng Havard, MIT, Stanford va Michigan Toan bp gidng vien Khoa Anh va lanh dao ciia Trung tam Giang day da tham du cdc hpi nghi ban ve nhiing chu de nhu thiet ke khda hpc, thuyet giang, diem sd, qudn li thdi gian va cac danh muc Hen quan den viec giang day." (We met once a week, read essays and books on pedagogy, and looked al teaching videos I AP CHI KHUA HUG UHSP I MHCM Sd 6(72) nam ^ui^ from Harvard, MIT, Stanford, and Michigan English department faculty and the director of the Teaching Center visited the seminar for discussions of such topics as course design, lecturing, grading, time management, and teaching portfolios.) [4, tr.113] Do vay de hoat ddng bdi dudng giao vien dugc hifu qud, nen phat trien hinh thiic bdi duang tai co sd Chinh hinh thirc bdi dudng ndy se gidm chi phi viec trien khai cdng tdc tap huan, gdp phan xay dung tinh thdn cpng tac, Iam viec theo td, nhdm nhd tmdng va khuyen khich giao vien ldm viec tich cyc de thuc hien tdt nhiem vy ciia minh • Tang cudng su tuong tac giira giang vien (bg mon Phuong phap giang day) cac trudng DHSP vdi td chuyen mon cac trudng trung hgc hoat dgng chuyen mon Giang vien (da sd thudc bd mdn Phuong phdp giang day) ciia cdc tmdng DHSP Id luc lugng chinh cdng tdc tap huan giao vien cdt cdn chudn bi cho viec ddi mdi chuong trinh vd SGK Thi nhung hieu qua trien khai dat dugc d ca sd sao, cd nhung ban che gi cdn khdc phyc hodc nhihig khd khan gap phai cua timg tmdng, ciia moi gido vien day hpc theo chucmg trinh mdi nhu thi nao se khdng dugc nam bat cy thi niu mdi quan he giiia tmdng phd thdng va giang vien tmdng DHSP kit thiic sau ldp tap hudn Viec den tmdng phd thdng di du gid sinh vien boat ddng ren luyen nghiep vy su pham la khdng dii di giiip giang vien bp mdn Phuang phap giang day hiiu rd tinh hinh thuc te Hien tugng "lech pha" gitra tmdng DHSP va tmdng phd thdn^ la cd that, phd biin va rdt nhiic nhdi, ga; dnh hudng khdng nhd den nhieu dd tugng, nhdt la sinh vien nganh su pham Nhu chiing tdi da phan tich d tren, hier td chuyen mdn tai trudng phd thdng da chuyen dan hinh thiic sinh boat sang md hinh nghien ciiu bdi hpc Hinh thiic ndy cho phep nhdm gido vien linh boat, sang tao, chu dpng cdc quy trinli day hpc, viec sir dyng ngir lieu, lua chpn cac phuang phdp, kT thudt day hpc, tham chi ca viec thay ddi npi dung va dieu chinh muc tieu day hgc cho phii hgp vdi nhimg ddi tugng hpc sinh khac Td chuyen mdn qud trinh du gid chuyen trgng tdm tir viec danh gia ddng nghiep sang viec quan sat hpc sinh ve nhieu mat (bieu hien tam li, thai do, hanh vi cdc tinh hudng, hoat ddng hpc tap cu thi), sau dd thao ludn vi gia day minh hpa vira qua de diiu chinh, nit kinh nghiem Kit qud thu dugc la cd mot qua trinh lam viec nhdm, ciing quan sat, nhdn xet, gdp y, bd sung di bai hpc dugc cdi tien vd phat triin lien tyc, qua phat trien nang luc nghi nghiep cua giao vien va cai thien chdt lugng hpc lap ciia hpc sinh Hoat ddng rdt cdn cd sir tham gia ddng gdp cua cdc giang vien (to Phuong phap gidng day) tmdng DHSP Elaine Showalter nhdn manh: "Viec hoc tap, nghien ciiu se dat hieu qua cao nh^t nd mang tinh chu dpng va tuang tac Dieu li tudng la ban cho nghien ciiu sinh boat ddng vdi nhau, xem nhu hg cung dang thuc hien mdt sd phuong phap gidng day Thuc hanh va kinh nghiem thuc ti chinh Id each hiiu hieu di dao tao 30 TAP CHI KHOA HOC DHSP TPHCM hp." (Learning is most effective when it is active and interactive Ideally, graduate students will also be doing some teaching themselves as you begin to work together Teaching can't be taught apart from practice and hands-on experience.) [4, tr.113] Viec bdi dudng giao vien tai ca sd thdng qua nhirng boat dpng chuyen mdn cd dinh hudng cy the va sy tham gia Nguyen Phw&c Bdo Khoi tich cue Clia giang vien cac tmdng DHSP se giiip khdc phyc tdt nhat han chi kinh nghiem thudn tiiy ciia gido vien phd thdng cung nhu li thuyet thudn tiiy cua giang vien nganh su pham Tdt yeu dieu chi that su mang lai hieu qua cao nd trd nhu cau, cd su tu nguyen, tu gidc Clia cdc ddi tugng lien quan TAI LIEU THAM KHAO Bd Gido due vd Ddo tao (2010), Huang ddn dp dung chudn nghe nghiep gido vien trung hQC vdo ddnh gid gido vien, Nxb Dai hpc Su pham, Ha Npi Bd Gido due vd Ddo tao (2013), Tai lieu tap hudn to truang chuyen mon cdp trung hoc thong, HaNpi Trdn Bd Hodnh (2006), Vdn de gido vien - Nhieng nghien cieu li ludn vd th\ec tien, Nxb Dai hpc Su pham Ha Npi, Elaine Showalter (2003), Teaching literature, Blackwell, Oxford (Ngay Tda so^n nh$n dwQC bAi: 30-3-2015; ngdy phan bien diinh gi^ 01-5-2015, ngdy chip nh$n dSng: 22-6-2015)