NGHIEN CDU I B DAY HOC TiCH HOP TRONG MON TOAN 6 TROfilNG PHO'''' THONG DO DtiTC IHAI InrAng Dal fipc SU pham H^ Ndl Dd TIEN BAT Vien Khoa hoc Glio due Viet Nam Tdm tit Bin cgnh viic dgy hpc theo kieu "p[.]
NGHIEN CDU I B DAY HOC TiCH HOP TRONG MON TOAN TROfilNG PHO' THONG DO DtiTC IHAI - InrAng Dal fipc SU pham H^ Ndl Dd TIEN BAT - Vien Khoa hoc Glio due Viet Nam Tdm tit: Bin cgnh viic dgy hpc theo kieu "phdn hoa' thi "tich hop" Id stf kit noi liin kit, bo sung, hodn thiin di ed duac su todn ven eda tri thUe khoa hpc Qud trinh tich hop dien dudi cdc hinh thtfc khde nhau, dd chO yeu Id stf thdm nhdp ldn nhau, lien kit tren phuang diin •j tudng, phuang phdp quy ludt gida cdc mon hge (linh vUcgldo due) ndy vdi cdc mon hpc (tinh vtfc gido due) khdc Bdi viit di cap den viic dgy hgc tich hap (DHTH) mdn Todn d trUdng th6ng.Trong bdi tdc gid di cap din cdc vdn di Tich hop vd DHTH; Cdc hinh thtfc vd cap dp cOa viic DHTH mdn Todn; Md hinh sdch gido khoa (SGK) tich hdp mon Todn Muc dich cda bdi viit nham gdp phdn thing nhdt nhdng yiu eau cabdn cda viic thtfc hiin quan diim "tich hap" xdc dinh vd thiit ki ehuang trinh (CT), SGK mdn Todn cua CT gido due thdng (GDPT) mdi TUkhda: Tich hpp; dgy hpc tich hpp; mdn Todn; trudng phd thong (Nhdn bdi ngdy 15/4/2016; Nhdn kit qud phdn biin vd chlnh sCra ngdy 01/6/2016; Duyit ddng ngdy 24/6/2016) I.DItv^nde Chdng ta dang sdng thdi dai hda nhdp eao gida d c qudc gia, d c nen kinh t l vd van hda khac nhau, ma mdt nhdng die dilm phd biln II d c ITnh vUe khoa hoc (khoa hpe kT thuat, khoa hpc ty nhien vd khoa hpc xa hdi) dd sd dung d e phuong phip t i l p can lien ngdnh vdi sUtich hdp, thdm nhip lan gida ede ITnh vyc v l y tudng, ve cdc phUdng phdp nghien cdu vd d u true ndi dung Vien sT Pierre Lena xlc nhan ring: "Tinh phdc hdp d at trdn vdo cdng cudc phdt trien tri thdc" edn Edgar Morin tuyin bd:"Thdch dd cCia t h i kl XXt - Lien kit tri thdc" [1] (Vldt khde, sy phat triln kinh t l - xd hdi cua dat nudc ddi hdi nguon nhan lyc ed chat lupng cdng cao, cd ndng lye lam viee sdng tao, cd ning giai quylt d e bdi todn, ede tlnh hudng thye tien can phdi huy ddng, v l n dung mpt d c h tong hop ede kiln thUe kT ndng cd dUde t d d e ITnh vyc khde Bdi cdnh nhu vdy ddi hdi giao due phdi ddi mdi Tuy nhiin, thUe te van tdn tai hiln tUdng ehu y nhilu d i n each day hpe dUa trin t i l p can ede mdn hpc ridng re Hpe sinh (HS) it cd nhdng cd hdi trii nghiim thuc sy d l hilu dUpc, thay dupc vd bilt cdch dng dung cdc kiln thdc dupc hpe thye te ddi sdng.Tu tfch hpp, liln k i t cdc su vat, hien tUpng cda HS edn han chl dfch gidp HS nhin nhdn vai trd cda todn hpc ddi sdng thyc t l , cd khd ndng t h i hien cdc ^ tUdng mdt d c h ehinh xlc, dp dung d c khdi ni&m vd kT ning todn hpe vao cudc sdng hlng ngay, eung nhd sd dyng de lam vile va phat trien xa hoi hien dai Vi vdy, cdc kiln thUe vd kT ning t o l n hoe can dupe k i t ndi, liln k i t vdi nhau, dong thdi d n tdng ghep, tich hpp vd bo trd eho d e mdn hpc, d e ITnh vUc tri thdc khac nhim giup HS khdng chi cd kiln thdc, kT ndng todn hpc md edn ed t h i v l n dung, thyc hdnh vao cudc sdng, tao nhdng ngudi cd ndng iuc toln hpc phd thdng va ndng lye thyc tien [2] Mat khae, thdi diem hien nay, vln d l DHTH mdt lan nda ddnh dupe nhieu sUehu y nghiin edu bien soan CT va SGK mdi eung nhU td chdc qud trinh gido due, bdi le OHTH se gdp phin thuc hien thdnh cdng d c muc t i l u cua CT GDPT mdi Hudng tdi vile day hpe theo quan dilm ti'ch hpp eung Id xu hudng ty nhien vd tien t i l n cda gido due nUde vd the gidi Do dd, ddi vdi nhd trUdng phd thdng hien nay, DHTH ndi ehung, DHTH mdnTodn ndi riing Id vln d l d n thilt vd quan trpng d n dupe nghien edu mot d c h cd bin va slu sic Tich hdp va day hpc tfch hdp 2.1 Tfch hop Qud trinh tich hc^ dien dudi d e hinh thdc khde /I.A /iMHeeMM [3], sau tdm t i t ede phuong phdp nhau, dd chd yeu la sUtham nhap lan nhau, lien tiep can khde ddi vdi khdi niem "tich hop" da n l u kit tren phddng dien y tudng, phUdng phdp, quy ludt len mdt quan nilm: "Tich hpp - dd Id sU liln he lan nhau, gida d c mdn hpc (ITnh vyc giao due) ndy vdi cac mdn la sU k i t ndi mdt each he thdng vao mdt edi thdng nhit hpc (ITnh vyc giao due) khdc Sy k i t hdp hdi hda gida d e toan ven v l di Men theo dd Id mdt qud trinh xdy dUng ITnh vyc tri thdc se mang d i n cho HS nhdng trdi nghiem nhdng mdi liln ket, sy hdi ty, su thdng nhat" vd "Tieh thUc t l thdc sy cd y nghTa, gitip HS hilu sdu hdn vln de, hop la mdt qua trinh tuang tde t r i n co sd mdt the gicri nhdn ddpc sU lien h i gida nhdng gl dupe hpe, qua quan vd nhdng yiu td logic - phuong phip ludn nin dat hi^u q u i hpc tap cao hon Bdi vay, "tich hpp" eung tdng thdng nhat" va tich hpp khdng chi Id sy lien he k i t chfnh I I phuang thdc gdp phan "hlnh thdnh nhdn edch ndi ddn thuin, ma di liln theo 11 mdt "qui trinh xay phdt triln t o l n di§n" dyng nhdng sd hdi tu, tang eudng tinh thdng nhat va Gido due todn hpc d nha trUdng phd thdng cd muc tinh phdc hpp cda chdng" Sdizg-THANG8/2016*15 Q NGHICNCDU Cd the ndi, tich hpp la mdt phuang dien eua qud ngddi ta ed the t i l n hdnh tfch hpp d c ndi dung gilo d | | trinh phit triln liln quan d i n tdng hpp mdt the theo each: lly b i t ki mdt bdi hpe ndo vdi elc d u trdc vi '> thdng nhat d e thdnh phan vd d c y i u td rieng 11 da cd logic da ddpc thiet lap sin di lim co sd thyc hien tich td trudc dd Nhu vay, mue tieu eua viee tieh hpp Id ddt ca hdp; sau dd se thu hut, bd sung t h i m d c kiln thdc, cdc sd eho mdt cdi nhin tdng t h i (bilu tUdng toan ven) v l tu kit qud lien quan tdi bai hpc dd td ede khoa hpc khdc nhien vd xa hdi vd dinh hmh thai dp cda chd t h i vdi quy hoac ede mdn hpc khac Vf dy, mdt nhiem vu quan trpng eda nhdng gid hpe dau t i l n v l mdn Toln d tilu hpc Id lult phat triln eua ehung Tich hpp va phdn hda la d c qua trinh cd tinh quy hinh cho HS khdi niem "Sd td nhiin" Khdi nilm lult cda phdt triln khoa hpc Hai qua trinh tUdng ndy duac hlnh tren cO sd "dem" s5 Idpng d c do! dng vdi hai xu hudng cda nhdn thdc cda mdi ngudi tupng eua mdt tap hdp v l vile nhin bilt d e quan hi tUdng Ung "nhilu hdn"°it hdn" vd "bing" Cdc boat dpng Mdt mat, t h i hien t h i gidi nhu mdt the thong nhit, mat "dem"vd nhdn biet d e quan he ndi tren khdng chi thuin khdc dat dupe mdt each hilu bilt slu sac hon va cu t h i tdy lien quan den mdn Todn ma edn dupc thdc hien qua hon nda tinh quy lult v l tfnh doc dao eda d e d u true va elc mdn hpc hoac boat ddng gilo due khdc nhU: Thi h i thdng khde due Am nhac, Thd cdng, MT thuat, Ty nhien vd Xa hdi, 2.2 Bin chdt ciia dgy hoc tich hap Hoat ddng giao due tap the Khi dd, d c khdi nilm todn -Trddc hit, dd la hinh thdnh d HS bilu tupng todn hpc duac nhac l^i nhieu lan d e bdi hpc v l d c mIn ven v l t h i gidi xung quanh cung nhu hieu dupc quan he hpc khdc (vdi sy t i l p can phu hdp vdi Ida tudi HS), gida d c hiln tddng thien nhien, xa hdi mot each se dupe cdng cd vd ldm sdu sde them tdng t h i (6 d i y tieh hdp dupe xem la mue tieu gilo due); Viee tieh hpp gida ede ndi dung gido due khong - Thd hai, dd la sy tim kilm mpt n i n tang chung d l hpi tu d c chu de kiln thdc (d day tfch hpp ddpc xem la phG nhan d u true he thdng eda mdn hpe md cdn Id mot dudng ed the dem tdi sy hodn thien tdng mdn hpc, cdng cu, phdong t i l n gilo due); - Thd ba, gop phan tfch eye hda hoat ddng hpe tap khac phuc d e nhude dilm va ldm sdu sic them mdi liln k i t gida ede mdn hpc Nd cdng lam gidm sUtrung lap cdc v l phdt triln ning Idc tri t u i cho HS.Trl em ed t i l m ndng Idn phdt triln trf t u i , vdy edch ddo tao truyen ndi dung gida d c mdn hpc, gdp phin gilm tii ndi dung hpc tap d c l hai khia canh: gilm thilu khdi Idpng kiln thdng dd ede mdn hoe duac truyen tdi mdt each rling bi^tse khdng ddp Ung yeu d u phdt triln ndng lue thdc mon hpe v l trdnh ting t h i m thdi lupng cho vile day hpc mdt ndi dung theo quy djnh trf t u i va ban ehe tfnh tieh eye hpc tap eua tre 2.3 Cdc mdt dd vd hinh thdic cOa dgy hgc tich hap D Ngpc Thdng da neu: "DHTH la td chdc, hddng Trin Cd sd phan tieh y kiln eda mpt sd chuyln gia din d l HS bilt huy ddng tdng hpp kiln thdc, kT ning thudc nhilu ITnh vdc khac nham gili quylt cae (Od Xuan Hdi [5], Phcim Ode Quang [6], Nguyin Thj Kim nhiem vu hpc tap; thdng qua hinh thinh nhdng kien Dung [7], H.CAHTOHOB [8]), chdng tdi ddng ^ vdi m^t sfi thdc, kT nang mdi; phit triln dddc nhdng ndng lue can quan niem va giai thich cy t h i nhd sau: 2.3.1 Tieh hpp npi mdn thilt, nhit Id ndng Idc gili quylt van de hpe tap vd Tieh hdp npi mdn t h i hiln d vile hf thdng h6a thdc t i l n cudc sdng" [4] DHTH cung Id eon dudng ngin nhat, hieu qua nhat kiln thdc, dd d c kiln thdc hodc cle yiu td riing d l hlnh thdnh vd phdt trien nang lue cda HS, die biet re dUde liln kit, "mdc xich" lai vdi vd ddpc "nin Ip" ndng lUe gidi quyet nhdng van d l thUc tien ddi theo nhdng d c h khac d l t?o thdnh tCftig khdi, qua sdng Dd Id li tai td cap Tieu hpc d n thilt dd lam rd tu tudng chd dao hay quy lult md mdn hoc phdi trang b| eho mdi HS d c h nhin nhan mdt doi tdong phin Inh vd cudi cdng dan d i n sy phdt triln cCia ciu hole d c hiln tupng thye t l td nhdng quan dilm, gdc trdc ndi dung b i n cda mdn hpc Tfch hpp ndi bd mdn hpc cdn dUdc die trdng nhin ddi rat khdc nhau, chang han, bilt "nhin" biet cdm thu mdt tae pham nghe thult td binh didn logic vd bdi ciu trtJc ddng tdm xoln 6c, dd vdng xodn sau tlnh elm; bilt "binh gia" mpt bai vilt thdng tin khoa hpe phat triln sdu hdn vdng xoln trUdc Vdi d u tnic ndy, khdng chl thuan td binh diln tri thdc khoa hpe ma ngudi ta ed the sip xIp, he thdng hda d c kiln thdc d\ td cdi riing (cdi ehi tilt) d i n cii tdng thi, hole td ting cdn td binh diln yeu d u eda xa hoi hay ddi sdng DHTH Id mdt phuong thdc (cdch thdc) tich hdp, kit quat den rieng biet thudc vdo trinh dp nhdn thdc da ndi d c kiln thdc rieng II cda tiing bd mdn mdt HS Oac tning ciia hinh thdc tfch hpp ndy II HS khdng bj t h i thdng nhat, tren ca sd dd hinh thdnh d HS tri gide che l i p v l n de ban d l u t i m nhin, vln md rpng vd lam sau sic them duoc nhdng kiln thdc c6 todn ven v l t h i gidi khdch quan Nhu vdy, DHTH cdn liln quan dupc hilu Id su td hpp theo mdt d c h thdc ndo day mdt Vidu: Ndi dung ve'Hinh chd nhdt" HS ddpc hpc td sd ndi dung d n thiet cho viee hinh thanh, phat trien ning lye ngudi hpe thdnh mdt "mdn hpc" mdi; hole tao Idp d i n Idp d Idp 2, HS chi ldm quen vdi vile nh|n "mdn hpe" mdi td mdt sd ndi dung cda elc "mdn hpe" dang tong t h i Idp va ldp 4, HS tim hilu sdu hon ve khic nhau; hay ed the ldng ghep them d c ndi dung can ddc diem ctia Hinh chd nhdt, ldm quen vdi vile ve Hinh thilt vao ndi dung vdn cd eua "mdn hoc" Chang ban chd nhat tdp 5, HS cd t h i tdng kit cac hilu biet da cl • K H O A HOC GIAO BUC NGHIEN cni ddpc v l hinh chd nhat ddng thdi nhan hmh chd nhat thdng qua vile nhin bilt d c mat eua mdt khdi hop chd nhdt l i ^ 6, HS nhan bilt ddpc nhdng tfnh chit cd b i n eda hinh chd nhdt ldp 7, HS da cd t h i chdng minh ddpc nhdng tinh chat cd b i n dd vd bilt v l n dung chdng vao gili b l i tap eung nhuvio vile gili quylt nhdng van de thye tien 2.3.2 Tich hap da mdn Trong tich hap da mdn, ede mdn hpe la rieng biet nhutig cd nhdng liln kit cd ehu dich gida ede mdn hoc vd tdng mdn bdi d c chd di hay d e van de ehung Khi hpc hay nghien cdu v l mdt van d l nao dd, HS dupc tiep can td nhilu bp mdn khic nhau, tham chi mdt van de dddc day d nhilu mdn eung mdt ldc Oilu dd cho phep HS gili quylt v l n d l dda trin kiln thdc thu ddpc d nhilu bd mdn khic nhau, tao nhdng kit ndi gida ede mdn hpe vd ITnh vdc gilo due 2.3.3 Tich hap liin mdn Trong tfch hpp lien mdn, d c mdn hpe dupe lien hop vdi vd gida chdng ed nhdng chd d l , v l n d l , nhdng khdi nilm Idn vd nhdng y tddng chung Ngoai ra, cdc khdi niem hoac cdc kindng Hin mdn dupe nhdn mgnh giUa cdc mdn ehU khdng phdt ttfng mdn riing biit, ngddi hpc d n huy ddng kiln thdc cda nhilu mdn hpc d l gili quylt v l n d l d i t Theo H.CAHTOHOB [8] tfch hop liln mdn, vile kiln tao sy liln he, kit ndi l i n gida ndi dung eiia hai hoac nhilu mdn hpc cin bio d i m nhdng yiu elu CO bdn sau: - Cle thinh td ndi dung cda d c mdn hpc cd t h i li§n ket ddpc vdi thi sip xIp liln mdt deb cd 'ji nghTa - Cic mdn hpc ddpc thyc hiln tfch hpp thi phdi sd dung ede phUdng phdp vd hlnh thdc day hpc tddng dng - Cac kT nang, kTxIo ddpc hinh thdnh theo hudng ed t h i sddpng mdt edch tdng hpp gidi quylt cdc nhilm vy hpc tap Tuy nhiin, eln chd 'jr thdng nhat v l k l hoach vd trinh ty eda ede ddn vj kiln thdc d l chdng ddpc ddng bd Oilu ndy cd nghia II GV cd the phdi thay dot trinh ttf eda ede chQ di cd SGK theo CTdd cd Vidu: Chu d l "Hinh ddi xdng" mdn Toln cd t h i lien h i vdi rit nhieu hiln tddng d i i xdng thien nhiin, kiln trdc md HS da ed djp lam quen qua mdn Td nhiin vd Xd hdi, mdn MT thudt hole mdn Thd cdng VI vdy, hpc chCi dl"Hlnh ddi xihig", cd t h i gidfi thilu vdi HS d c bdc Inh chup nhd II cay, budm, cdng trinh kiln trdc t h i hien tinh doi xdng mdt hlnh vd dua cle eau hdi thIo luan nhu: VI dep eda Id cdy (eda sinh vit, cda cdng trinh kiln trdc) II d dlu? Ddi xdng ed ^ nghTa gl thiln nhien vd ddi sdng? Dieu dd gidp HS nhin thay vd hieu ring hiln tUpng ddi xdng khdng chl cd toln hpc, md edn xly ty nhien, nghf thudt, kiln trdc, cdng nghf c h l tao ca 2.3.4 Tich hop xuyin mon Oilm khic nhat so vdi tich hpp lien mdn la d chd chdng bat dau bang ngd d n h cudc sdng thdc vd sd thich eua HS Cach tiep can khdng b i t dau bing mdn hpc hay bang nhdng khai niem hole kl ndng chung Dilu quan t i m nhat d diy la sd phu hdp ddi vdi HS [7] Theo each ndy, d c phan kien thdc ehu dao eda hai hay nhilu mdn hpe ddpc to chdc xoay quanh mdt bdi d n h gan vdi thyc t l ddi sdng, g i n vdi nhu cau cda ngudi hpc, qua dd gidp HS phit trien d c kT nang d n thiet cho cupc sdng, vd cdng td dd xdy dUng cac mdn hpc mdi khac vdi mdn hpc truyln thdng Cac hinh thilc va cap cCia viec day hoc tich htfp mon Toan 3.1 Tich hop ndi bp mon Todn Todn hpc Id mot khoa hpe thdng nhat mac dd gidng nhu nhdng ngdnh khoa hpc khac, Toln hoe cdng ddpc phdn chia thinh nhilu ITnh vUe hay chuyen nganh hep giup cho vile nghien edu sau sic hdn Thdng qua gido dye todn hpe, vifc dupe t i l p cin toan hoe d mdt chlnh the thdng nhat va todn ven Id h i t sde quan trpng ddi vert HS thdng Dae biet, nd eho HS thiy dupc sUc manh to ldn eda todn hoc vile giai quylt nhdng v l n d l cCia thdc tien ddi sdng Vi t h i , ddm bdo tinh tieh hdp ndi mdn Id mdt nhdng yeu eau quan trpng cda giao dye todn hpe nha trUdng phd thdng Ndi dung CT todn phd thdng phdi cd tinh ehinh the thdng nhit, td ldp d i n Idp 12, dd quan he (ngang vd dpc) gida cdc don vj kiln thdc can dupe lam sang td Vi vdy, CT toan phd thdng mdi nen dupe thilt k l theo cac nhdnh ndi dung (hay d c mach kiln thdc) va d c nhlnh ning luc vd can dupe hlnh dung mdt each tong t h i dudi dang mdt "ma trdn" Viec tieh hpp ndi mdn khdng chi dUdc thyc hiln tdng mach kien thdc ma d c mach kiln thdc va d c nhanh ning ldc cdn cin phli xoln vdo nhau, lien kit chat ehe vdi nhau, tUOng tU nhU md hinh md td elu trdc phan td AND, phan td ADN Id mdt chudi xoan kip gdm hai mach xoan vao vdi d c liln kit ngang Dy thdo CT GDPT tdng the da neu rd: "Cau trdc CT mdnTodn dtieu hpe vd THCS dua trgn sUphdi hpp c l cau trdc tuyin tfnh vdi eau trdc "ddng tam xody dc" (ddng tdm, md rdng vd nang cao dan), xoay quanh vd tfch hc^ ba mach kien thdc: Sd vd Oai sd; Hinh hpe vd Do ludng; Thdng ke va Xac suit" [2] Vidu: Cae kien thdc mach "Sd hpe va Oai sd" keo dai sudt td Idp d i n hit Idp ve ed bdn dupe tieh hdp chd di "Hinh thdnh va hodn thien h i thdng so" Td nhdng kiln thdc dau tien v l vile hinh thdnh cdc sd ty nhien d Idp cho d i n nhOTig kiln thdc v l ede phep tinh can thdc d Idp d l u nim mpt ehinh t h i thdng nhit Chd d l cdn tfch hop sdu sac vdi nhdng mach khde nhd "Do ludng vd Hinh hpe", "Thdng k l vd Xdc suit" vda "lam nen" eho d c mach kiln thUe dd vUa dupe d c mach kien thdc eung ed, bd sung, phdt triln Sdl29-THlblGG/2B1B*17 Q NGHIEN COU _ Oieu dd eho phep gido vien vd HS thay ddpc vj tri, vai trd eiia tdng tri thdc toan hoc bde tranh ehung eua CT gido due toan hpe phd thdng 3.2 Tich hop da mdn Mdn Toan la mdn hpe cdng cu, phuc vu vile day hpe ede mdn hpe khic nhd Vat If, Hod hoe, Sinh vat, Dia If Cae kien thdc toan hpe dupe khai thic, sd dung nhilu d e mdn hpc khac Vile khai thdc cd tinh da mdn, tieh hpp nhu vay vda mang lai hieu q u i vdi d e bd mdn vda gdp phan eung ed kiln thdc mdn Todn, ddng thdi gdp phan ren luyen cho HS nang lyc van dung toan hpe vdo thye tien Vidu: Khii nilm trpng tdm eda tam gilc ddpc di d p den CT Idp (sau HS dupe hpc tinh chat dong quy eua ba dudng trung tuyin mdt tam giac) Khdi niem vec to dddc gidi thieu d CT Idp 10 va cdng d dd HS duac biet tfnh chat tdng ba vec to xuat phat t d trpng t i m cua tam giac den ba dinh eiia tam gide Id bing vec td khdng Khai niem luc (vd vie to luc) dupe gidi thieu CT Vdt li dTHCS Nhdng khai thac cdtfnh da mdn, tieh hpp gida giao due Todn hpc vd gilo due Vat li se gidi quylt dupc ddng thdi ba van dlsau: - Gdp phan cdng cd kien thdc mdn Toan, giup HS hilu dupe y nghTa thUe tien (thdng qua giao due Vat li) cua khai niem trpng tam ciia mdt h i dilm - mot khai nilm khd ddi vdi HS neu chi tiep d n thuan Toan hpe -Gdp phan hieu rd va Cling cd kiln thdc Vat li Thay vi nhdng phep tdng hop lUc phdc tap, HS cd t h i van dung kiln thdc Toan hpc di hieu cdc kien thdc v l Vdt If - Gdp phan ren luyen cho HS nang lUe van dung Toan hpc vao thue tien, ddc biet vln dung tdng hc^ d kiln thdc v l T o l n hpe vd Vat livdo viee gidi quyet nhung van de thdc tien 3.3 Tich bap lien mdn vd tich hop xuyin mon Thdng qua Hogt dgng trdi nghiim sdng tao gido due todn hoe, ehung ta ed the tao ea hdi de thuc hien tdt nhdng hlnh thdc vd mdc dp tfch hdp Hoat ddng trai nghiem sdng tao gido due Toan hpe ed nhieu hlnh thdc, chang han nhU: tien hdnh cac de tai, du an hpc tap ve Toan, die bilt Id d c de tai va cae du an v l dng dyng Todn hpc thdc tien; td chdc cdc trd chai Toan, d u lac bd Todn, dien dan, hdi thao, cudc thi ve Todn Nhdng hoat ddng dd se tao cd hpi di thuc hiln Tich hap Hin mon vd Tieh hap xuyin mon, giup HS van dung nhdng tri thdc, kiln thdc, kT nang, thdi dd da dupe tich luy td cae ITnh vUc gilo due (trong dd cd gido due toan hpc) va nhdng kinh nghiim ciia ban than vdo thuc tien eudc sdng mpt edch sang tao; phat triln d HS nang lyc to chdc vd quan li hoat ddng, nang lUc tU nhan thdc va tieh cUc hoa ban than; gidp HS bUde dau xac dinh duac ndng lUc, sd trUdng ciia bdn thin nham d[nh hudng va lUa chpn nghe nghiep; tao dUng mdt sd ndng luc cd bdn cho ngudi lao ddng tuong lai vd ngudi cdng dan cd trach nhiem • KHOA HOC GIJ^ODI Md hinh sIch giao khoa tich htfp mdn Toan O l thyc hiln DHTH gido due toan hpc, theo ehiing tdi, mdi Idp ehi ed mot cudn SGK, bao gdm toan bd d c mach ndi dung cda CT mdn Toln Npi dung SGK dddc td chdc vd sip xep theo cac mach ndi dung eua CT mdn Todn, moi meich npi dung lai duac td chdc theo cle chd di (theme), tdc Id nhdng de tdi Idn, ed tfnh khii q u i t cao, chda dyng nhCfng ndi dung CT mdn Toan gan chat vdi nhau, Ndi dung eda tiing ehii de lai dupc td chdc va s3p xep theo ede mach chd diem (topic), dd moi chij diem chda dUng nhdng ndi dung CT mdnTodn gan gOi, gan chat vdi Cdc chd diem ed tfnh cu thi, phii hop vdi trinh dp nhdn thdc va tdm liciia HSmdi Idp, Mdi chd diem se dupe phan chia thdnh tiing bdi hpe tren co sd ke hoach day hpe mdn Todn cda nha trddng thSng vd dac thd eda HS d tdng Idp hpc eu t h i Ket luan DHTH mdn Toan d nhd trUdng phd thong cd t h i thye hiln theo nhdng each thdc vd cap dd khac nhau:Tdtichhdpndimdnhoaetiehhppdamdn-clpdp trung binh d i n Tfch h i ^ l i l n mdn hodc xuyin mdn-dp dp cao Tuy nhiin, dii thUe hien theo hinh thdc vd capd^ ndo thi ddi hdi CT vd SGK mdn Toan phdi la mdt chlnh thithong nhdttodn ven dd eae°maeh kien thdc"va eac "nhanh nang lyc" eln phdi liln kit chat ehe vdi nhau, xoan vdo tuang tU nhU md hinh chudi xoan kep v6i d c liln k i t ngang eiia phan tdAND Ngoai ra, di thye hien duae vifc tich hop gida mon Toan vdi cac mdn hpe khde cdn tim cdc "m6cxich"then chdt kit noi ede khdi niem hogc cdc kindng liin mon cho phep ngudi hpc huy ddng kiln thdc cua nhieu mon hpc de giai quyet vln d l dat ra, dac biet Id giai quyet ede tinh hudng thye tiln Do do, k l hoach day hoc d n ehii y bd tri, sap xep trinh tU ciia cdc don vj kien thdc gida d c mdn hpe eho ehiing ed the lien kit, tiiOng hd lan va eho phep GV thay doi trinh tU cua cdc ehU de md CT vd SGK dd quy dinh Dac biet, phli coi Hoaf dpng trdi nghiim sdng tgo gido due Todn hoc CT vd SGK mdn Todn phai t h i hien rd nhdng ca hoi 3i thdc hien tdt nhdng hinh thdc vd mdc dp tieh hpp nay, bdi le nhdng boat ddng s l giOp HS van dung kmh nghiem, kiln thdc vd nang ldc ciia bdn than vdo thdc tien eudc sdng mdt each sang tao, DHTH mdn Todn khdng phd nhdn cdu true logic hi thong eda mdn Toan, m l cdn Id mot gidi phdp gdp phan gilm t i l khdi Idang kiln thdc mdn hpeva tranh tang them thdi Idpng hpc tap cho HS Chiing toi tin tddng rang, viec thuc hien day hpc tieh hdp mdnTodn Id gili phap sd pham ddng gdp tfch eye cho sd phat triln nhdn cdch todn diln cda HS, giiip eac em cd dupc sy hieu biet todn difn han v l the gidi xung quanh eung nhdtutin va sang tao hOn hpc tdp mdn Todn de budc vdo cupc sdng mdt xa h6i hi&n dai NGHIEN CDU C Q TAILIIUTHAMKHAO (chd tri PGS.TS Pham Ode Quang) [1] Edgar Morin (Chd biln), TTidch cdo t/ieWXX/[7] Nguyen Thj Kim Dung, Dgy hpc tich hop Liin kit tri thtfc, NXB Oai hpc Qudc gia Hd Ndi, 2005 Chuang trinh Gido due thdng, Kl y i u Hdi thdo v l " Day [2] Bd Gilo due vd Ddo tao, DU thao Chuang trinh hpc tieh hpp vd day hpc phan hda d trddng trung hpc Gido due thdng tong thi, thdng ndm 2015 dap dng yiu d u chddng trinh vd sdch gido khoa sau [31 /I.A JlMHeBMH, HHmeipanuoHHbie npoueccbi e nam 2015" cda Vien Nghiin cdu Gido due thudc TrUdng nedazozuKe Dai hoe Sd pham TP Hd Chi Minh [4] Ngpc Thdng, Tieh hpp ChUang trinh [8] AHTOHOB H.C, MHmeapamueHan tpyHKLfuu Gido due thdng mdi Ki y i u Hdi thIo chuyen de v l odyneHUfi M.: npocBemeHiie, 1985 "Tich hpp vifc bien soan sIch gido khoa theo ^ n h [9], Nguyen Anh Dung, Phuang dn thUc hiin quan hddng phdt trien ndng ldc (Mdn Tieng Viet)" NXB Gido diim tieh hap phdt triin Chuang trinh Gido due phd due Vift Nam, 20 thang 01 ndm 2016 thdngViitNamgiaidognsau2015,Oeta\B20}}-37-07W [5] Dd Xudn Hdi, Chuang trinh Gido due thdng [10], Cao Thj Thing, LUdng Vift Thdi, Vdn di tich hpp vd sdch gido khoa bien sogn theo hudng tieh hop, Ki yeu Hdi thdo chuyln d l v l "Tich hop vile bien soan viic phdt triin Chuong trinh Gido due thdng ede mdn hpc d trudng phd thong Viet Nam, KI yiu Hdi thIo sIch gilo khoa theo djnh hddng phit triln nang lyc (Mdn Tieng \fllt)" NXB Gido due Viet Nam, 20 thing 01 Qudc gia v l Khoa hpe Giao due Viet Nam [11] flonynaHOsa E.B, l/lHmezpau,ufi npedMemoe nim 2016 [6] Phdng Nghien edu Todn -Tin, Trung tam Nghiin a Hwia/ibHoQ uiKone, http://festival.1september.ru/arti cdu Giao dye phd thdng, Viln Khoa hpe Giao dye Viet cles/577888/ Nam, (2015), Bdo cdo tong kit nhiim vu nghiin etfu [12], Robin Forgaty, Ten ways to integrate curriculum thudng xuyin: "Xdy dung, thd nghiem mot so chCi di tich http://www.ascd.org/ASCD/pdf/journals/ed_lead/ hop mdn Todn cho Chuang trinh Gido due phd thong mdi" e L l 99110_fogarty.pdf TEACHING MATHS INTEGRATION AT HIGH SCHOOLS Do Due Thai Hanoi National University of Educatiton ; Do Tien Dat The Vietnam Institute of Educational Sciences Abstract: Besides "differentiated" teaching, "integration" is the connection, link, supplement and completion to ge the integrity of scientific knowledge The integration process happends in different forms, mainly the mutual penetration, linked in terms of ideas, methods, rules omongdifferent subjects The article refers to the Maths integrated teaching at high schools.The author presents issues of: Integration andintegrated teaching; forms and levels ofMaths integrated teaching; Textbook type in Maths integration The purpose of the article aims to unify the basic requirements of "integrated" implementation when Identifying and designing new curriculum and Mathematics textbooks Keywords: Integration; Integrated teaching; Maths; secondary schools Sif 129-THiUlG 6/2016 • 19 ... chdng vao gili b l i tap eung nhuvio vile gili quylt nhdng van de thye tien 2.3.2 Tich hap da mdn Trong tich hap da mdn, ede mdn hpe la rieng biet nhutig cd nhdng liln kit cd ehu dich gida ede mdn... mdn khic nhau, tao nhdng kit ndi gida ede mdn hpe vd ITnh vdc gilo due 2.3.3 Tich hap liin mdn Trong tfch hpp lien mdn, d c mdn hpe dupe lien hop vdi vd gida chdng ed nhdng chd d l , v l n d... van dung nhdng tri thdc, kiln thdc, kT nang, thdi dd da dupe tich luy td cae ITnh vUc gilo due (trong dd cd gido due toan hpc) va nhdng kinh nghiim ciia ban than vdo thuc tien eudc sdng mpt edch