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Kinh t e Van hda Giao due Tir THirc T I £ N HOAT DONG CUA TRlTCKVG D^I HOC TRA VINH, THÛ DE XUAT VIEC XAY DUTVG DIEU LE CHO MO HINH CAO DANG CONG DONG d VIET NAM FROM THE PRACTICAL OPERATION OF TRA V[.]
Kinh t e - Van hda - Giao due Tir THirc T I £ N H O A T DONG CUA TRlTCKVG D^I HOC TRA VINH, THU^ DE XUAT VIEC XAY DUTVG DIEU LE CHO MO HINH CAO DANG CONG DONG d VIET NAM FROM THE PRACTICAL OPERATION OF TRA VINH UNIVERSITY TO SUGGESTIONS FOR BUILDING REGULATIONS FOR COMMUNITY COLLEGE MODEL IN VIET NAM NguySn Tbi Mai Kha' Tdm tat Abstract Bdi viit gi&i thieu sa luge thicc tiin hogt ddng The article briefly introduces practical operation cua Tru&ng Dgi hgc Trd Kinh, da hinh thdnh vd of Tra Vinh University which began as a Tra Vinh phdt trien tie Truong Cao ddng Cdng dong Trd Community College, and its sueessful application of Vmh du&i sie dp dung linh hogt md hinh Cao ddng Cgng ddng cita eac nu&c Bdc My vdo dieu kiin the North American community college fi-amework Viet Nam Tie do, tdc gid dua mgt sd de xudt xdy in a Vietnamese context From this, the article dimg dieu li cho md hinh Tru&ng Cao ddng Cdng gives some proposals for building regulations dong v&i mong muon ddng gdp cho viic hodn thien for community college model in Viet Nam, a few quy che hogt ddng ciia md hinh tru&ng Cao ddng definitions of the Community College, and a brief Cgng ddng & Viet Nam hiin Trong bdi, cd dua introduction of Community College model in mgt vdi dinh nghTa ve tric&ng Cao ddng Cdng countries around the world and in VietNam ddng, gi&i thiiu ngdn ggn mo hinh Tru&ng Cao ddng Cgng ddng & cdc me&c trin thi gi&i vd tgi Keywords: community college, Tra Vinh Viet Ngm University, model Tie khda: Cao ddng Cgng ddng, Tru&ng Dgi hoc Trd Vinh, md hinh Vao nhu'ng nam ddu thgp ky 90 cua the ky XX, Trudng CDCD dau tien cua nudc ta dugc thi diem tff Dy dn nghien cuu thilt lap md hinh Trudmg Dai hpc Cong dflng tiong dieu kien kinh te xa hdi Viet Nam, d cac dia phuang nhu Hdi Phdng, Ha Tdy (cii), Thanh Hda, Phii Yen va Ddng Thdp Vdi sy hd trg cua Ha Lan va Canada, vdo cdc nam 2001, 2002, 2003 da lin lugt xuit bien Trudng CDCD, dd la cac tiudng CDCD Hai Pbdng, CDCD DS cap den nhiing uu diem eua Trudng CDCD, Ha Tay, CDCD Quang Ngai, CDCD Ba Ria-Vflng PGS.TS Pham Tilt Khdnh - Chu tich Hiep hdi Tau, CDCD Tiln Giang, CDCD Ddng Thap, Cao ding Cdng ddng Viet Nam cd ndi: "Tff ngudi CDCD Tra Vinh, CDCD VTnh Long va CDCD chua tdt nghiSp phd thdng den ngudi cd trinh dp Kien Giang (Nguyen Huy Vj 2011) Cho den nam tmng cip, cao dang deu cd the ghi danh theo hpc 2015, ca nudc da cd 14 trudng CDCD phan bl d vdi hinh thuc tin chi hogc md dun tai Trudng Cao khdp ba mien Bac, Trung, Nam ddng Cpng dflng Hpc vien hoan mpt Tff thyc tien hoat dflng cffa Trudng Dai hpc phin chuong trinh co the di lam, den cd dieu Tra Vinh, bai viet dua mpl sfl de xual nham xdy kien thi cd the hpc tiep cho den hoan thdnh dyng Dilu le Trudng CDCD Viet Nam vdi mong bac cao ddng hay HSn thflng len bac dgi hpc Vi mudn ddng gdp cho viec hoan tbien quy che hogt vgy, thdi gian hpc cd the keo dai dSn 5-7 nam, dap ddng Clia md hinh Truong CDCD hien ting dugc muc tiSu hpc tap sudt ddi ciia ngudi dan" Ngi dung (Bdo dien tii VTC News, 12/8/2014) Md dau Trong nhung nam gdn day, Tmdng Cao ddng Cflng ddng (CDCD) khdng cdn xa Ig vdi ngudi dan Dd la md hinb dua nSn giao due, nhat la giao due dgi bpc, dSn cdng ddng Nd giup ngudi bpc cd CO bpi tiSp can giao dye dai hoc tgi dia phuang, giam dupc ehi phi, chuong trinh giang dgy lai da dgng, phu hgp vdi mpi lua tudi 2.1 Dinh nghia ve Trudng Cao dang Cong dong ' Trudng Oai hQC Tra Vinh S622 tiiang 7/2016 K J • I l i a Kinh tg"-Van h d a - G i a o due Hien tai, ed nhilu dinh nghTa ve Trudng Cao ding Cpng ddng Mdi dinh nghTa phan anh each nhin nhan va diln dat khac ve Tiudng Cao ding Cdng ddng Chang ban nhu: Theo Nguyen Huy Vi (2011: 39) "Trudng Cao ding Cpng dong la co so giao due cflng lap, dia phuong diu tu xay dyng va td chuc dieu hanh hoat dflng ddo tgo va triln khai nghien cffu khoa hpc cdng nghe, nhdm phuc vu nhu cau nhan iuc da dang ciia cpng ddng; cd dia vi plidp Iy nhu cae Iruong cao ddng khdc thupc he thing gido due qudc dan; dao tgo da cip; da nganh lien thdng gifta cae bac dao lao frong trudng va ngodi trudng bang nbiSu hinh thu'c, gin dao lao vdi sff dung, tao mdi quan he chat che giua nha truong vdi cdc co sd sdn xuit, kinh doanh, dat biet hd trg ky thuat cho cac frang frai chan nufli, trdng trpt va che bien nong, Iam, thiiy, hai san vua va nhd" - Theo Eisner, Boggs & Irwin (2008), "Trudng Dgi hgc Cdng ddng la mfll Iruong dao tgo sau trung hgc, khong bdt bupc, dugc cong nhan la td chffc giao due dai bpc dao tao dap img nhu cdu ciia cflng ddng" (Cynthia K Epperson 2010, tr 25) Cdn theo Dinh Nam (2014) cho rang "Cao dang Cpng dflng la loai hinh ddo tao bgc cao dang dugc md tai cac dia phuang (do UBND tinh quan ly); phuong thffc dao tao tii' nhffng khda bdi dudng kien thffc ngdn ban den nhung khda hpc hoan chlnh til' bac trung cap den cao dang, lien thflng len dai hpc Dfli tupng dao tgo la tit ca nhftng ngudi cd nhu cau hgc tap d cdc trinh dp khac nhau" Mai Van Tinh (2015) thi" Cao ddng Cdng dflng la hien lupng dac biel dflc dao nham dap iing nhu cau Clia cpng ddng tiep can giao due dai bpc, bao gdm ca dao lao nghe, phat trien nghiep vu, giao due Ihudng xuyen va chuyen tiep len dai bpc nam d My va Canada" Tuy cd nhieu dinh nghTa kbac ve Trudng CDCD nhu da de cap d tren nhung tat ca diu cd nhung diem chung cac ioai hinh dao tao tgi Trudng CDCD dugc md va giang dgy lai dia phuong, dap ung nhu cau hpc tap cua cflng dflng, tao dilu kien cho ngudi dan d vung sau vimg xa cd ca hdi hpc tap, cd sy tham gia ciia dai dien nhan dan dl khao Sau nam nam hoat dgng (tir 2001 -2005) theo Quy che lam Ihffi noi Iren ciia trudng Cao d k g cgng dSng diiu lien tai H6i thao Vi?t - MJ ve mo hinh Trircrng CDCD dugc l6 chuc a Trucmg CDCD Kien Giang vao 11/11/2005, flgi dien ciia Bfi GD& DT Viet Nam tia trinh bay dir kien, ban Quy che ciiinh Ihixc sl dugc de innh Bg iruong Bo GD&DT vao that gian sip tdi, c6 dua mgt dinh ngliia tam tiioi \k kJiai mem truong CDCD a Vicl Nam sat nbu cau cffa dia phuang Nhin ehung, Trudng CDCD CO nhfl'ng dac diem ea bdn sau: - Ddp irng nhu edu cdng ddng J - Ca cdu td chuc ddm bdo su tham gia cita cpng ddng ' Chuang trinh ddo tgo dugc phdt triin vd diiu chinh theo yiu cdu eua cdng viec - Da ngdnh vd da cap - Ddo tgo theo md hinh hgc tap mo vd sudt dai 2.2 Md hinh Trudng Cao dang cong dong tren the gidi va d Viet Nam 2.2.1 Gi&i ihiiu md hinh CDCD tren thi gi&i ^ * Md hinh CDCD cua Hoa Ky Sau 20 nam hinh va phdt trien cua loai hinh Trudng Cao dang (Junior College), "Hiep hoi tmdng Cao dang Hoa Ky" ("American Association of Junior Colleges" ; AACJC) dupc lap nam 1920 d St Louis - Misouri dugc ddi thdnb "Hiep hgi Trudmg Cao dang Cdng ddng Hoa Ky" ndm 1930 d Barkerley - Califonia (American Association of Community and Junior Colleges; AACJC) Den nam 1990, Hiep hgi Trudng Cao dang Cpng dong Hoa Ky quySt dinh bd ti'nh tff "Junior"frongdanh xung "Community and Junior College" de chi mflt danh tu thdng nhat chi Ioai hinh dai hoc ngan han ciia Hoa Ky thien ve tinh huan ngbiep thyc hanh hon la giao dye ban lam: Community College; va tu day "American Association of Community College", viet tit AACC, la ten gpi chinh thirc ciia "Hiep hdi Trudng Cao dang Cdng ddng Hoa Ky" cho den Tren ca sd sy cdng cua he thong CDCD Hoa Ky, dac biet Id sy thdnh cdng tiong viec dao tao nhanh ngudn nhan lyc cd chat lugng de dap ffng nhu cau lai thiet dat nude hoac chan da suy thodi cffa nSn kinh tS - xa hdi sau chien tranh the gidi thu II, md hinh Community College ciia Hoa Ky vdi thdi gian dao tao ngdn ban ndm da bat dau dupc du nhgp vao tidn 20 quflc gia kliac nhu Canada, Anh, Phdp, Due, Nhat, Han Quoc, Thai Lan, Viet Nam, • Mo hinh CDCD cua Canada i "Cm*, Canada la mot quoc gia a B^c My du nhap som nhat rao hhih CDCD ciJa Hoa Ky; va cung vi vay, 10 C ^ Phan dn^c chgn lgc va trich dSn tir cu6n sSch M6 hinh traintg a(nig| ^ Cag d k g Cgng d5ng VietNam ciia tac gia Nguyen Huy_Vi {2011),tr 48-53.tr 64-65, tr 68-70 J | (Jam 15 So22 Ihdng 7/2016 iluUr Jil Kinh te'- Van hda - Giao due Canada cd mdt lie thdng cac Trudng CDCD ldn thu hai thi gidi sau Hoa Ky Cao ddng Cdng ddng ciia Canada cd nhiSu ten gpt khac tiiy theo mdi dia phuong; ngodi nhftng he tiidng trudng ldn cd td chuc chat che nhu he thdng Ontario, be thdng Quebec, he tfidng British Columbia vd he thong Alberta, thi d cac tinh le cung cd nhung dgi hpc nam sinh boat rieng re va tu ban He thdng Ontario gdm cd cac Trudng Cao dang Nghe thuat ijng dyng va Cdng nghe (College of Applied Arts and Technology - vilt tit CAAT) dupe tiidnh lgp nam 1965 Mdi CAAT cd khoa: Nghe thugt IJng dyng, Quan tri Kinh doanh vd Ky tbuat Cac frudng cao dang giang day mdt chuang trinh ddc lap, khdng tuong ducmg vdi cdc chuong trinh cua cae dai hpc ndm, nen cdc sinh viSn eua tmdng khd cd the chuyen tilp ISn hgc d tmdng dgi hpc nam Nhumg frudng CAAT chff trpng ddc biet dSn viec td chuc cac ldp hpc vdo ban dSm vd cae hpc trinh ddnh riSng eho sinh viSn dang cd cdng an viec ldm, hpc ban thdi gian (part time) He thdng Quebec gdm cd cac Trudng Cao dang Giao due Dai cuong va ChuySn nghiep (Colleges d'Enseignemeiit General et Professionel - viet tat CEGEP) dugc thdnh lap vao nam 1967 Ngan sdch cua CEGEP chinh quyen cffa bang tai frp hodn loan, sinb vien khdng phai ddng bpc phi CEGEP thudng dugc thiet lap gan cac dgi hpc cd dien ndm dS dS dang lien kSt vd chuyen tiep sinh viSn sau tdt nghiep Cd 23 CEGEP dgy bdng Phdp ngu va mdt trudng day bdng Anh ngft vdi chuang trinh dgi bpc ngan hgn chuyen tiSp hoac ky thudt He thdng Alberta cd trudng cao dang (Junior Colleges), dd cd tmdng cdng lap va trudng tu thyc, dupe thdnh lap theo Luat Dai hpc 1959 (Colleges Act, 1959) Cde fruong giang day chuong trinh chuySn nghiep va ea ehuong trinh cbuyen tiep len dai bpc nam IflJH Ban da dupc su cd van cua Giao su Walter Eells nguySn Tdng Thu ky Hiep hdi CDCD Hoa Ky - ve viec xay dung mang ludi tiudng dao tao chuySn ngbiep theo kieu mdi Sau nghien cffu ky Iuong tinh binb be tbdng dgy nghS cu cua Nhat Ban, Giao su Walter Eells da de xuat vdi tu lenh todn quyen luc lupng ddng minh ddn trii tgi Nhdt Ban, va chinh pbu Nhgt Ban luc bay gid, nen chuySn ddi hogt dpng cua eac fruong dai hpe chuyen nghiep ba ndm d Nhgt Bdn thdnh cac Truomg Dgi hgc dodn k}- hai nam gpi la frudng Tanki - Daijgaku Tu dd, 599 tmdng dai hpe chuyen nghiep nam dli cac logi nganh nglie (su phgm, thiiy san, thuang mgi, ky thugt,.w ) dupe cap tdc cai td thdnh 181 Trudng CDCD nam Ddng thdi, Giao su Walter Eells mdi mpt sd ddng nghiep cua minh sang Tokyo de cimg vdi cac giao su Nhat Ban soan thdo chuomg trinh vd viet giao trinb Ngay nay, be tbdng cac Tmdng Dgi hgc doan ky Tanki - Daugaku (cdn gpi la cac Tmdng Cao dang Ky thuat) tuyen hpc sinh hpc xong Trung hgc phd thdng dao tgo nam, eiing vdi he thdng 60 Tru'dng Cao dang Cdng nghe tuyen hgc sinh Trung hpc CO sd dao tao nam, Idm mgt he thdng trudng bach nghe co dac tinh tmdng CDCD thudc he thdng gido dye dgi hpc cua Nhat Ban * Mfl hinb CDCD cua Thai Lan Ke tu nam 2001, chinh sach phat frien gido dye dai hpe ciia Hoang gia Thai Lan da bay tfl quan dien cua minh nhu sau: (1) Cao dang cpng dflng la mpt frong nhftng cbinh sach ve giao due dugc Thu tuong de trinb ISn Quflc hdi vao cudi thang nam 2001 Day la cam kel cua Thu tudng dfli vdi ngudi Thai DiSu xuat phat tu tdm nhin ctia chinh phu viec giai quyet van de giao due cho 60 frieu dan Cao dang cflng dong dupc xay dung phuc vu cho nbu cau cua hpc sinh trung hpc nham nang cao ky nang nghe nghiep, frinh dp hge van va ca hdi hpc tap sudt ddi, va mdt phan cho nhumg ngudi kbdng cd ca hpi tiep can giao due dai hgc He thong British Columbia (B.C) cd tmdng gpi la Community College; cac tmdng ed ca cau td chffc va npi dung boat ddng ddo tgo theo md (2) Dau lien, tmdng CDCD se dupc lap hinh Community College cua Hoa Ky Cdc CDCD tgi 10 tinh chua cd cdc hinh thffc dao tao dai hpc cua British Columbia dSu Id truong cong lap va Sau dd, cac Trudng CDCD se dugc lap d 66 dugc xdy dung bat dau tft nam 1958; ngdn sach cua tinh cdn lai eac trudng chinb quyen bang chi tra hogc dugc Hien Thai Lan da cd 17 Trudng CDCD boat su dai thp ciia mdt hay nhiSu hat dja gido due ddng theo md hinh CDCD Hoa Ky (Community * Md hinh CDCD cua Nhat Ban College); bao gdm khu vyc phia Bac: trudng; Nam 1947, dudi anh hudng cua Hoa Ky, Nhgt khu vyc Ddng Bdc: tmdng; khu vyc phia Nam: So 22 thdng 7/2016 [ I l l | •11^ Kinh tg" - Van hda - Giao due tmdng; phia Ddng trudng va khu vyc Mien Tmng trudng Nam 2003, Bd Giao due Thai Lan dd ban hanh Quy che qudn ly giao dye cac don vi true thudc Tmdng CDCD nhu sau: (1) Myc tieu phat triln cua Trudng CDCD Thai Lan la: (1) Ddp ung nhu cdu cgng ddng Cdng ddng md cde Trudng CDCD hudng tdi ddp ffng gdm ed ngudi dan, cdc td chuc, doanh ngbiep nha nudc va tu nhdn va ngoai nudc ddng fren mot dia ban hay khu vuc dia ly nhit djnh va cao hem nfta la nen kinh te dja phuong Nhu cau d day khdng cbi dupc hiSu la nhu ciu hpc tdp thdng thudng trSn ldp md cdn la cdc nhu ciu vS nang cao nang lye va cac dich vy hd frg khae Trudng CDCD dupe lap theo ea cdu eua dom vi Nha nudc, dugc quan ly bdi cpng ddng nham (2) Ca cdu td chiec dam bdg sir tham gia cm cung cip cac chuang frinh ddo tgo chuyen nghiep cgng ddng va hpc thuat theo nhu ciu hpe tap cua cpng ddng De dam bdo sy tham gia ciia cdng dong Iuon (2) Vl CO cdu tfl chu'c va quan ly tmdng CDCD d cap vT md (Nba nude) vd vi md (ndi bp tmdmg) dugc long ghdp diy du vd hieu qua vao cac hogt dpng cua nha trudng, khdng cd mdt khudn mlu theo so dfl dudi day: tfl chffc nao cd dinh eho tit ca cac Trudng CDCD a - So dd td chffc quan ly vT md cac Trudng nhung cdc dan vi sau thudng dugc tim tiiiy tai cac CDCD Thai Lan tmdng CDCD; - Hpi ddng Tu vdn nha tmdng VU QIAO DUC DAI HOC - Ban Tu vdn Chuong trinh - Hdi ddng Hpc thugt L I - Td Khao sat Thi truong Lao ddng va Danh gia ySu eau cua thj tmdng lao ddng UY BAN CSCD - Td Phat triln Chuang frinh , - Td Huin luyen Giao viSn • - Ban Gidi va Dan tdc, HQI DCiNG QUAN TRI TRUtlNG CSCD b - So td chffc quan ly vi md cde Trudng CDCD Thai Lan Hp! DdNG CUA TRl/dNG CBCB (3) Chuong trinh ddo tgo dugc phdt triin vd diiu chinh theo yeu cdu cua cong viic Quy trinh phdt friln chuong frinh dao tgo ciia cdc tmdng CDCD gdm cd cdc budc sau: Thyc hien phdn tich nhu ciu Xde dinb cde nghe can/ thiSu thi tm6ng lao ddng vd cdc tiSu chuan ky nang eho ede nghe ay Liy y kiSn eua Ban Tu vin chuong trinh BO PHAN DI£UHANH BpPHAN DI£UHANH BOPHi^N I DI£UHANH '• Xem xet cac tieu chuin kJ ndng dl xdc djnh ngi dung giang dgy Xay dyng tiln trinh danh gia, kiem fra, thi '? 2.2.2 Md hinh CDCD eiia Viit Nam ^ Xay dyng, cgp nhgt tdi ligu giang day ' Md hinh CDCD cua Viet Nam cd nhftng dde diSm sau: Thyc hien gidng dgy si Phan dirijc chcin lgc va trich din tCr bai vilt "M^t s6 d^c digm nei bat cua mo hinh Cao dang Cong d6ng" vao 18/7/2015 lai trang web Hiep hoi Cao diig COng d6ng Viet Nam Danh gia kit qua ddo tao va dieu chiidi chuong frinh I Dilu quan trpng frong quy trinh phat frien chuang frinh dao tao theo yeu ciu ciia cflng viec So 22 thdng 7/2016 d ^ tNait K i n h t e - v a n fada-Gido due ITg la ndi dung gidng dgy va cac tdi lieu day - hpc diu dugc Ban Tu vin Chuong trinh va cdc cbuyen gia bSn ngoai gdp y va tham dinb ky luong nhilu lin Gido due & Ddo tgo, Trudng ed trdch nhiem tbuc ddy sy pbat trien kinh te tlnh nha va cdc vung Ian can Ddng bang sdng Cuu Long Cac chuang trinh dao tao cao ddng cua trudng dugc phat triSn dua (4) Da nganh vd da cdp tren'nhu cau cua nha tuyen dyng Trudmg CDCD Dao tao d nhieu bgc nhu cao dang, nghS dai Tra Vinh la Trudmg CDCD diu tien dp dung ISO hgn, nghe ngan ban va cac khda bgc cap chiing chi 9001-2000 Dac biet Tmdng ddy manh bgp tac hoan Ben canh do, cac frudng CDCD cdn vdi cae Vien, Tmdng Dgi hpc/Cao dang cd danh thuc hiSn liSn thdng tu cao dang len dgi bgc vdi tieng tien the gidi va dua hang trdm giang vien, mdt sd trudng dai hpc nhdm thda man nhu cdu hpe can bd quan ly di tham quan, hpe tap tgi cde fruomg dai hpe cffa edng ddng Mpt sd tmdng CDCD dugc ' tien tien fren the gidi nhim tiep cdn va dp dyng phu phat trien len thdnh frudng dgi hge - eao ding sau hgp nen gido due hien dai, tien tien vao dilu kien nhieu nam thyc bien md hinh CDCD dl cd thi tu Viet Nam (Trudng dugc Hiep hdi CDCD Canada cap bang dgi hpe va sau dgi hpe vd mang lgi ca hdi - ACCC kSt ngp Id vien thu 151 va la hge tap dai hgc vd sau dai hgc tgi chd cho ngudi viSn nude ngoai nhit eua Hiep hdi Cao ding Cgng ddng Canada) dan frong cpng ddng (5) Ddo tgo theo md hinh hgc tap m& vd sudt ddi Md hinh hpc tap sudt ddi cho phep ngudi hpc cd thi dS dang lya chpn chuomg trinh va tbdi dilm hge tap phu hgp vdi diSu kien ca nban, ngudi hge cd the dung viec hgc sau den mpt diem "dffmg" nhit dinh vd ed the quay lgi bpc nhiSu ldn va nha frudng khdng dat gidi hgn tudi tdc ddi vdi ngudi bpc Thua hudng qua do, Trudmg Dai hgc Trd Vinh dugc nang cip tien ca sd tu Trudng CDCD Trd Vinh, da ap dung Iinh hoat md hinh cao dang cpng ddng va tiep tyc thuc hien theo budng dgi hgc cdng ddng Tmomg Dgi hpc Tra Vinh la Tmdng Dgi hpe cdng lap d khu vuc Ddng bdng sdng Cum Long, vdi chffc nang nghiSn cuu khoa hoc, dao tao ngudn Md hinh hpc tap sudt ddi cd the dugc xem nhu nbdn luc quan tipng ciia tinb vd khu vyc; la tmdng Id cai "hdn" eiia eac Tmdng CDCD va Iam cho cdc dgi bpc nhat eua cd nudc dao tgo ITnh vyc ngdn Tmdng CDCD hoan toan khdc biet vdi cdc Tmdng ngff vdn hda, nghe thugt Khmer Nam Bd Dai hgc va Cao dang thdngtfiudngkhac tgi Viet Nam Trudng dugc Thu tudng Chinh phu giao la don 13 Bai hoc kinh nghiem tir tbuc tien boat dong vi thyc hien nhiem vu frpng diem qudc gia dao cua Trirdng Dai hgc Tra Vinh - mot mo hinh tao nhan luc ve Ngdn ngu - Van bda - Nghe thudt Trudng Cao dangi^ai hge Cong ddng Khmer Nam Bd, ddp ung nhu cdu pbat trien van Mdt frong nhirng thdnh edng ciia Dy dn Cao bda - xa hdi d Nam Bd ding Cpng ddng Viet Nam - Canada (2001-2006) Trong 10 ndm hinh thanb vd phdtfriSn,thay va dd la sy van dung cdng md hinh cao dang trd ludn nd lue phdn dau vugt qua khd khan thu cdng ddng cua ede nudc Bac My vao diSu kien thdch de tiep tyc dua nen giao dye tlnh nha ndi Viet Nam cffa Tmdng CDCD Trd Vinh (Nay la rieng, ca nudc ndi chung phdt trien theo phuong chdm: Mang den ca hgi hpc tap chdt luang cho Trudmg Dai hgc Tra Vinh) cpng dong Tmdmg dugc lap vao thang 8.2001, Hien nay, Trudng Dai hoc Tra Vinh cd tren 25 khudn kho Du an CDCD Viet Nam - Canada (2001-2006) Ca quan Phdt triln Qudc tl eua ngan sinh viSn dang theo hgc d tat ca eac bgc hpc Canada (CIDA) tai trp Tmdng CDCD Tra Vinh Trudng dao tao 31 nganb d bac Dai hpc, 39 nganh hogt dpng theo md hinh CDCD cua Canada cd dieu bgc Cao dang vd 34 ngdnh Trung cip Chuyen chinh eho phu hgp vdi dilu kien cua Viet Nam va nghiep, 13 ngdnh sau dai hpc va 03 ngdnh nghien tinb Tra Vinh Su cdng cua Du an CDCD cun sinh, hon 45 don vi true thudc vdi tdng sd viSn - Viet Nam - Canada, thdng qua Tmong CDCD Tra chuc fren 800 Vinh, da minh chumg md hinb Trudng CDCD cffa Nhd trudng khflng ngimg day manh cdng tac Canada van hanh hieu qua he thdng giao due nghiSn cffu kboa hpc frong sinh viSn va gidng vien, cua Viet Nam viec nang cao chat lugng ddo tgo ludn dugc chu Trudng CDCD Tra Vinh fryc thupc UBND tinh Tra Vinh va ehiu su quan ly Nba nudc cua Bd trpng nham dao tao dpi ngu nhan lyc ddp ung nhu cau xd hdi So 22 thdng 7/2016 UUJ ifl^l Kinh tg'-Van h d a - G i a o due Trudng Dai bgc Tra Vinh manh dan hgp tac vdi dai hgn, tmng cap den bdc cao dang); chuomg frii nhiimg trudng dai hpc uy tin tren the gidi nhdtn dua dao tao dai ban cd nhftng diem dftng hpc thich hpp cac chuong trinh dao tao chuan qudc te ve Viet nhim giffp ngu'di hpe lufln cd cohdi hpe tap sufltddi Nam, gui hang trdm giang vten sang nudc ngodi a) Cde diSm dung hpe cua chuang frinh dao bgc tap nang cao chuyen mfln vd ngbiep vy Day tao dai ban (bao gdm bae Trung cip, Cao dang) co mgnh hgp tac vdi cac co quan don vi, cac doanh the dugc chia Iain thang, thdng, 12 thang, 18 nghiep, va ngoai tinh thang, 24 thang ngudi hpe d\xgc phep frudng 2.4 Trudng Dai hgc Tra Vinh: nhung dl xuit theo nhffng dilm dung vdi eac chirng eh! nghS xay dung Dieu le Trudng Cao ddng Cong ddng nghiep tuongffngva dupc phep tiSp tuc vao hpc cd diSu kien de hoan chuang trinh ddo tao Vdi sy tilp tyc ho frg vd giiip dd tu td chffc b) Chuang trinh ddo tgo dupc xay dung chia Phdt triln Quoc tl Canada (CIDA) da cam kit md rdng dy an CDCD, dy an da thuc diy sy phat friln mddun/hpc phan, viee hodn cac kinh tl xa hfli d mflt so ITnh vyc cua Viet Nam mddun/ hpc phan duge tinb bing don vj tin chi Cdc Trudng CDCD Viet Nam se cd dupc nbiSu c) Chuomg trinh dao tao dugc da dgng hda, md thudn lgi ban frong viec dp dung md hinh CDCD CO hdi tiSp cgn giao due, dao tgo cho tat ca cac cua Bdc My (diln hinh la md hinh CDCD Viet nhdm dfli tugng ngudi hpc, dgc biet quan tam din Nam - Canada) ca ve mat vat chat cflng nhu cdc nhdm ddi tupng ngudi hpc bj thiet thdi cpng ITnh vyc thupc ky thuat va chuyen mdn Cu the la ddng vi nhieu nguyen nhan kbac nhau; kinh te, xa tai diln ddn phdt trien md hinh CDCD Canada - hpi, van hda, dja ly, hpc Iuc Viet Nam dd dien tai thit dd Ottawa ciia Canada (2) Thdi gian de hoan mpt chuomg frinh tu ngdy 9-14/11/2009, dai dien CIDA khing djnb day Id md hinh tdt can phat huy vi mang lgi tac dao tao eua ngudi hpc tai Trudng CDCD ddng la ddng fruc tilp cbo pbat tiiln kinh tl - xa hdi tgi cac kbdng gidi hgn va cho phep ngudi bpc tmong va dja pbuang d Viet Nam CIDA cung cam kit tiep tiep tyc vao hpc theo cdc diSm diing dugc xac djnh tuc tai trp cho dy an hap tac CDCD tai Viet Nam cu the lung chuong trinh dao tao (Theo TTXVN, 25/12/2009), (3) Chuang trinh dao tgo cua Trudng CDCD Tuy nhien, qua tiinh tiep can va van dyng mfl hinh, cdc Truong CDCD can thudng xuySn khao sat, phan tich va ddnh gia nhu cau cua cpng ddng, nhu cau eua thi tmdng Iao ddng, dy doan cac mfli de dpa, khung hoang phai ddi mat tu thien tai, tft nen kinh tS thi tiudng vd can hieu ro nhu cau cua nha doanh ngbiep, nha tuyen dung, ciia cac cap quan ly tai dia phuang, cac nhd dau tu tgi dia phuong vd nhu cau ciia ngudi dan vi nhu cau cua cpng dong se khdng cfl dinh ma thuong xuyen thay dfli theo nen kinh tS, xa hdi ciia dia phuong ndi rieng, ca nudc va qudc tS ndi chung De tff dua cac hudng xff !y thich hgp nhim dap ffng kip thdi vd ddy du cac yeu cdu cua cdng ddng, hgn chS duge nhirng nii ro tuong iai Vdi mong mudn ddng gdp cho sy phdt tiien eua he thflng Truong CDCD tgi Viet Nam, tren ca sd tflng hgp va chgn loc thong tin tu tinh hinh thyc tl, bai vilt xin dua mot vai dl xuit nhdm xay dyng Dilu le Trudng CDCD Viet Nam nbu sau: (1) Chuong frinh dao tao cua Truomg CDCD dupc xay dung linh hoat, mim deo, lien thdng giua cac bgc ddo tgo (tu chuong trinh dao tgo ngin hgn thyc hien mdt phan chffc nang ddo tao dai hpc; Trudng CDCD va Trudng dgi hpc - co sd dao tgo chiu trach nhiem dd ddu - xdy dyng cac chuang frinh chuyen tiep nham giup sinh vien hoan khda hpe bae dai hpc ciia co sd dao tgo da dau neu sinh viSn du nang iyc va dieu kien hpc tap (4) Tuyen sinh cua Trudng Cao dang Cflng ddng tbeo co' che ghi danh, xet tuyen ddp ung nhu cau hpc tap sudt ddi cua ngudi dan (5) Trudng CDCD hoan todn ty cbu, ty chiu trach nhiem ti'ong viec xay dung, tham dinh, ban hanh chuong trinh ddo tao dap ung ySu cau phat trien kinh tl, van hda, xa hdi tgi dia phuong (6) To cliu'c dao tao, bdi duong cac chuong trinh gido due thudng xuySn, cd edp bang, chffng chi hoac khdng cip chffng chi, ddp ting nhu cau da dang cua cdng ddng nbu: tin hpc, ngogi ngff, bfl tuc vdn hda, cap nhgt cac tri thii'c mdi vS khoa bpc va cdng nghe, day nghl ngdn han, dai han nangcao ky ndng song cua mpi vien frong cpng dflng (7) Td chffc ddnh gia vd edng nhgn cdc ky nang nghl nghiep ddi vdi ngudi hpc da tich luy frong So 22 thdng 7/2016 U l S Kinh te'- Van hda - Giao due Klfl!t;i qua trinh lam viec thuc tl va ghi nlian kit qua dat dupc de ngudi hpc tilp tuc hpc d bac cao hon hoac cap chung chi, chung nhan ky nang nghe nghiep tuomg ffng (11) Trudng CDCD dugc phep linh hoat hodn dfli viec su dung chi lieu dao tao (giua chi tieu chinh quy va khflng chinh quy) da xac dinh ciia limg nam hpc theo quy dinh cua Bfl Giao due va Dao tgo dS dap ung nbu cau va dieu kien tliam gia hpc tap cua cpng ddng (8) Hudmg nghiSp cho hpc sinh THCS va THPT d dia phuomg, gdp pban giai quyet phan ludng hpc Ket luan sinh sau THCS vd sau THPT mdt each can ban cho dja phuong Vdi nhung edng va thudn igi tff viec dp dyng md hinh CDCD eua Bdc My vao dilu kien (9) La eau ndi giua gido dye phd thdng vdi Viet Nam ciia Trudng Dai hpc Trd Vinh, he thdng giao due dai bpc va chuyen nghiep (GDDH&CN), cdc Truong CDCD Viet Nam se co dugc mpt md td chuc dao tgo mdt sd hpc phan/lin chi cua cac hinb mau de nghien cu'u va dp dung Tuy nhien, chuomg trinh GDDH&CN ddi vdi hpc sinb cac trudng can cd budng dp dyng md hinh that Iinh thdng, eac hgc phan/tin chi dupc cdng nhan boat eho pbu hpp vdi tung ddc diSm cua mdi hpc sinh da ticb luy sdm, tmdc chinb thuc trudng tai mdi dia phuang ddng thdi phai phu hpp nhu cau cua ngudi dan de nham tdi uu hoa thudn budc vao chuomg trinh GDDH&CN Igi va ban che dupc nhffng rui ro mang lai Ngodi (10) Trudng CDCD cd ti'dcb nhiem hudmg ddn, ra, nhung de xuat neu tren cung nhdm gdp phan ho trg, trien khai thyc hien cde chuang trinh dao gia tang trach nhiem vd quyen ban cua cac Trudng lao, bdi dudng ddi vdi cac tmng tam hpc tap cdng CDCD vdi mong mudn mang lai nhieu ca hpi hpc ddng ddng trSn cung dja ban tinh/thanh phd tap cho nguoi dan vimg sau vung xa Tai lieu tham khao Cynthia K Epperson 2010 "An annalysis of the community college concept in the Socialist republic of Viet Nam" Unpublished Ph.D dissertation University of Missouri, St Louis Dinh Nam 2014 Xdc dmh ro vi tri bde eao ddng he thing gido due, xem 18.7.2015