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NGHIEN CUUU LUAN I ^ NHAN DIEN N H O N G THAY DOI VE GIA TRj NGHE NGHIEP CUA HOC SINH PHO THONG TRONG DOI CANH XAY DUNG NONG THON M d r DdTHIBiCHLOAN Vien Khoa hpc Gido due vi$t Nam Email loaneta@yaho[.]
NGHIEN CUUU LUAN I ^ NHAN DIEN N H O N G THAY DOI VE GIA TRj NGHE NGHIEP CUA HOC SINH PHO THONG TRONG DOI CANH XAY DUNG NONG THON M d r DdTHIBiCHLOAN Vien Khoa hpc Gido due vi$t Nam Email: loaneta@yahoo.coin Tdm t6t: Gid tn vd dinh hudng gid tn cho hoc sinh luon Id vdn de duac quan tdm Gid tn nghe nghiep mang tinh khdch quan ngadi y thdc eua moi ngUdi, no ton tai mot giai doan lich sirnhdt dinh Nghien cdu nhdn dang nhdng thay doi ve gid tn nghe nghiep ciia hoc sinh thong boi canh xdy dUng ndng thon mdi nham giup cdc em eo dinh hudng gid tri nghe nghiep dung ddn, gan bo vdi que huang, cd thelua ehon dUOe nghe phu hap vdi khd ndng vd dieu kie eua minh, cung nhu phu hap vdi nhu cdu nhdn luc ciia dia phuang tien trinh xdy dung ndng than mdi Bdi viet trinh bdy quan niem ve gid tn vd dinh hudng gid tn; Ddc trung chuyen dich ca cdu kinh leva lao dong qud trinh xdy dUng ndng thdn mdi d Viet Nam; Nhdn dien nhdng thay doi ve gid tri nghe nghiep cua hoc sinh thong boi canh xdy dung nong thdn mdi; Dinh hudng gid tri cho hoc sinh thong khu vUc nong thdn viec lUa chon nghe TCtkhoa: Gid tri nghe nghiep; hoc smh thdng, nong thdn mdi (Nhan bai ngdy 13/9/2016, Nhan ket qud phdn bien vd chinh sCta 18/10/2016; Duyet dang 27/12/2016 £>at van de Gia tri va dmh hudng gia tri cho hoe smh (HS) luon la van de daoc quan tam, bdi vi ban than gia tn va dinh hudng gia tri ed vai trd dac biet quan trong sU hinh nhan each, Idi sdng va ed anh hQdng den toan bd hanh vi ca nhan Gia tn nghe nghiep mang tinh khaeh quan ngoai y thQc ciia moi ngudi, nd tdn tai mdt giai doan Hch sQ nhat dmh, Gia tri nghe nghiep chi dQoc chuyen hda dinh hudng nghe nghiep cua moi ca nhan phai thdng qua mdt qua trinh giao due va tu giao due mdt each tugiac Ket qua dieu tra ndng nghiep ndng thdn Viet Nam nam 2011 eho thay, cd gan 70% lao ddng ndng thdn di cU thi kiem viec lam la nien tre dudi 30 tudi [1], Mdt nhQng nguyen nhan dan den tinh trang tren la dmh hudng gia tn nghe nghiep cua HS phd thdng chua that su phu hap, Neu khong cd eac dmh hadng, giai phap de ban che hien taong se dan den sachenh lech cang Idn ve thu nhap, ngheo doi, ddi song, van de an smh xa hdi, gay khd khan cho quan li xa hdi, Vl vay, can nghien cdu nhan dang nhung thay ddi ve gia tn nghe nghiep cua HS thdng bdi canh xay dung ndng thdn mdi de tim dadng chuyen hda nhQng gia tn khaeh quan dinh hQdng nghe nghiep diing dan ciia moi HS, giiip cae em gan bd voi " Bai Viet ia san pham nghien cdu ciia de tai VI I.2-20U 30 "Dmh hi/ang gia tn nghe nghiep cho hoc sinh THCS khu viic nong rhon dap ifiig yeu cdu xay dung nong than mai a Viet Nam", duac tai ua bai Quy Phot tnen Khoa hoc va Cong nghe Quoc gia (Nafoited) que huong, ed the lUa ehon dQOe nghe phu hop vdi kha nang va dieu kien eua minh, cung nhQ phu hap vdi nhu eau nhan lue eua dia phaong tien trinh xay dung ndng thdn mdi Quan niem ve gia trj va dinh hudng gia tri Khai mem gid tri duac hieu la pham chat tdt hay xau, tac dung Idn hay nhd ciia sUvat hay eua eon ngudi, la cai lam eho vat ed ich loi, dang quy, cd y nghia tich cue hay tieu cQc ciia khaeh the doi vdi eon ngUdi, giai cap, nhdm, xa hdi ndi chung, daac phan anh vao eac nguyen tac va chuan mUc dao li, iftudng, tam the, muc dieh [2], Gia tri la bieu hien mdi quan he ciia eon ngUdi dUdi gde dd lai ich, danh gia doi vdi tdn tai xung quanh [3] Ve phaong dien ca nhan, ngUdi ed nhu eau, hQng thQ voi mdt hoat ddng nao thadng xuat phat td he thdng gia tri eua hp Ve phuong dien xa hoi, eon ngadi dieu tiet mdi quan he giua ho vai moi ngUdi cho phu hpp vdi he thdng gia tn ma ho theo dudi Cae gia tn thudc nhieu vao van hoa, tin ngudng, kinh nghiem ca nhan va mdi tradng sdng.Cac gia tn hinh va thay ddi theo thdi gian, xa hdi, loai ngudi, dan tdc, cdng ddng (dia phuong, lang, xa) nhom (ban be, gia dmh) va tQng ngUdi (ca the) Viec lua chon va tri mdt so gia tn thuoc vao tinh each, sd thich, dd chin chan va tam liciia moingudi Nhung tac ddng eiia nhdm, sdc ep td xa hdi cung lam thay ddi cae gia tri ciia mdt ngudi Su sap xep, lUa chon gia tn goi la dmh hudng gia tn [2], Dinh hudng gid tri \a hoat dong coy thuc eiia chii 0135-THANG 12/2016- 15 CQ NGHIINCOUULUAN t h i [cA nhan hay nh6m) hUdng vao vifc xic dinh, lift hdi tCfng budc hien dai; ca cdu kinh ti vd cdc hinh th&c to chon c^c gia trj khach quan, tim kiem, theo dudi nhCrng chdc sdn xuSthap If, gdn nong nghiip vdi phdt trien nhanh gid trj n^o phu hdp vdi nhu eau, hijmg thu I d ich, niem cong nghiep, dich vu; gdn phdt triin ndng thdn vdi dd thj tin cOa chij thi; v^ nhCmg gid tri dQdc lifa chpn lai trd theo quy hoach; xa hoi ndng thdn ddn chu, on dmh, gidu thdnh nhJin t6 thuc dly nhan thijfc, thai dd, hanh d^ng bdn sdc vdn hda ddn tdc; moi trUdng sinh thdi duac bdo cCia chu t h i ddi song hi&n thdc [4] Binh hadng gid vi; an ninh trdt tU dUac gid vung; ddi song vdt chat vd tinh trj mang ddm net tinh Ijch sCr - xa hpi chung ci^a cd cdng thdn cua ngudi ddn ngdy cdng duac ndng cao; theo dmh dong, net ri^ng cua tiflig dan tpc vd nhurng net dac thu hudng xa hdi chu nghia" cCia cdc nhdm xa hpi, cdc nhdm tu6i, gidi, nghe nghiep, "Chuyen dich ca cdu, phdt trien kinh te, ndng cao ton gido, d|a phUdng khdc thu nhdp" Id mdt nhijfng muc t i l u quan trpng de xdy dQng ndng thdn mdi nhSm: phdt triln sdn xult Gid tri cQa nghi Id nhQng y nghTa xd hpi ve tri thCTc, dao dijfc, tham ml, loi (ch daoc cd nhdn hay nhom phdn hdng hda, cd higu qud kinh te cao; tang cQdng cdng tdc dnh vdo nhdn thijrc, niem tin, tinh cdm ciia bdn khuyen ndng, 6&y nhanh nghien cCilt ung dung khoa hpc kT thudt vao sdn xuj(t ndng, lam, ngi/ nghifip; cd gidi thdn vd bieu hien d thdi d6, hdnh vi ciia hp [4] Djnh hifdng gii tri nghe nghiep la hoat ddng cd hoa nong nghiep; bdo ton vd phdt trien Idng nghi truyln y thQc cCia chu t h i (cd nhdn hay nhdm) hudng vdo xdc thdng theo phQdng cham "mdi Idng mdt sdn pham" dinh, lya chpn cdc gid tri cCia nghe, theo dudi nhijfng gia phat triln nganh nghe theo t h i manh cCia dja phuong; trj nao phCi hop vdi nhu cdu, hijmg thu, niem tin, Idi ich Dly manh ddo tao n g h i cho lao ddng ndng thdn, thOc cQa chCi t h i ; vd nhQng gid trj daoc lua chon lai trd d^y dua cdng nghiep vao ndng thdn, gidi quyet vi§c Idm thdnh nhdn to thQc day nhdn thQc, thai dd, hdnh ddng vd chuyen djch nhanh co eau lao ddng ndng thdn cua chO t h i viec chon nghi, hoc nghe, hdnh nghe [4] Oac trtmg chuyin djch ctf du kinh te va lao ddng quii trinh xay diAig ndng thdn mdti d Vi£t Nam Nghi quyet sd 26-NQ/rW ngdy 05/8/2008 Hpi nghi lan thCr bdy, Ban Chap hdnh Trung Udng khod X v l Ndng nghiep, ndng ddn, ndng thon, Ddng ta da khSng dinh quan diem: Wong nghiip, ndng ddn ndng thdn cd vi tri chien luoc su nghiip cdng nghiip hod, hiin dai hod, xdy dUng vd bdo ve To quoc" Van kien Dai hdi dai bleu Ddng cdng san Viet Nam toan qudc lan thQ X tiep tue xac dinh: "Hiin vd nhieu ndm tdi, vdn de nong nghiep, ndng ddn vd nong thdn eo tam chien luoc ddc biet quan trgng'.Van kien Dai hdi dai bieu toan qudc lan thQ XI cua Ddng khSng djnh: "Xdy dUng ndng thdn mdi, de giai cap nong ddn thUc su Id chd the qud tnnh hiin dai hod ndng nghiep ndng thdn" Xay dQng ndng thdn mdi gdp phan xay dQng dat nUdc, de d4n nam 2020 nUdc ta co bdn trd nUdc cdng nghiep NhQ vay, xay dUng ndng thdn mdi la qua trinh xay dung, phat trien ndng nghiep, nong dan va nong thdn theo hadng hien dai, nhQng ngadi ndng dan thQc sy lam chu, li ndng bat li huong, ho vQa la chu the, vda la ddi taang de hadng tdi xay dQng ndng thdn thdi cdng nghiep hod, hien dai hoa Van d l phat trlln ndng thdn khdng nhOng mang y nghia phdt trien kinh te ma cdn ed van de xa hdi, an ninh qudc phong va trat taxahdi Ngay 04/6/2010, Thu tadng Chinh phu da phe duyet "Chuang tr'inh mue tieu Qudc gia vexdy dung ndng thdn mdi giai doan 2010 - 2020" vdi muc tieu chung la "Xdy dung nong thdn mdi eo ket cdu hq tang kinh te - xd •KHOA HOC GIAO DUC Trade hit, 1^ sQ chuyen djch co eau ciia ba nhdm ngdnh Idn (Ndng -Ldm -Thuy sdn, Cdng nghiep vd Djch vu) theo hudng gidm ddn ti trpng cua ndng nghiep vd tang tl trpng cua cdng nghiep va djch vu ddng gdp GDP Theo dd, lao ddng ba nhdm nganh cung phdi chuyen djch theo hudng gidm bdt ti trpng lao dong ndng nghiep, tang ti lao ddng cdng nghiep va djch vu, Muc tieu chuyin djch cd eau kinh t l va lao ddng duoc xdc djnh Chien lupc phdt triln kinh tl-xa hdi giai doan 20M-2020: "Xdy dUng ca cdu kinh tecdng nghiep, nong nghiep, dich vu hiin dai, hiiu qud Chuyen djch ca cdu kinh te gdn vdi chuyen dich ca cdu lao ddng; ti li lao ddng nong nghiep khoang 30-35% lao dong xa hdi" Ngay bdn than khdi nganh ndng, lam, thu^ sdn, chuyen djch co cdu cung duoc du bdo Quy hoach tdng the phdt trien ngdnh Ndng nghiep cd nude den nam 2020 va tam nhin den nam 2030 cua Bd Ndng nghiep va Phdt triln Ndng thdn {xem Bdng 1) Bdng 1: Dubdo eacdu khoi ngdnh Ndng-Ldm-Thuy sdn (Danvi:%) Ng^nh 2020 TJm nhin den 2030 55,0 Ndng nghiep 64,7 Lam nghiep 2,0 1,5 Thu9 sdn 33,3 43,5 (Ngudn • 86 Ndng nghiep vd Phdt tri4n N6ng thdn (2012) Quy hooch tong the phdt tnen ngdnh Nong nghiep cd nudc den nam 2020 vb tam nhln den nam 2020, Bdo cdo tong hop, Hd Ndi, 2012) De chuyen djch co eau kinh te nhu tren, co eau lao ddng va eau true dao tao nhan lue cung chuyen djch theo cho phu hop Nhu eau nhan JUc cua khdi nganh Ndng NGHIEN Cini LI LUAN U d i Bang 2: Dubdo nhu cdu nhdn lue cua khdi nganh Ndng nghiep vdtre hda; trinh dd hpc van va chuyen mdn ki thuat tuang ddi thap [6] Ldm nghiep den ndm 2020 chia theo tr'inh ddo too Nhan dien nhiJfng thay ddi v l gia trj Nhu eau lao dong Co eau trinh nghe nghiep cua hoc sinh thdng boi qua dao tao dkotao canh xay di/ng ndng thdn mdi (ngh'in ngUcri) {%)' Cung vdi qua trinh xay dUng ndng thdn mdt Tdng so nhan \Ue lam viec 62,600 va tac ddng cua nen kinh te thj trUdng, nhieu t f o n g nen k i n h t e chuan mQc, gia tri, quan mem eua ngucfi ed sU !00 Tong lao d d n g Ndng Lam 10.300 bien ddi Trong qua trinh chuyen ddi ca che quan nghiep qua dao tao ii kinh te-xa hdi, qua trinh chuyen djch ca eau kinh % so vdi t o n g iao d d n g Ndng 47.9 te, tQnen kinh te ehu yeu la ndng nghiep sang nen nghiep va Lam nghiep kinh te edng nghiep, tQ mdt xa hdi truyen thdng Trong do: sang mdt xa hdi hien dai da lam thay ddi cae gia trj ve eude sdng vat chat, the gidi tinh than va nghe 9,580 93 He dao tao nghe nghiep ciia the he tre Cae chuan mQc cdng So cap va k h d n g bSng 7,120 69,1 viec dang thay ddi va dupe danh gia khdng chi Trung cap nghe 2.060 20,0 bang sQ thdng minh, duoc dao tao va tinh thdng nghe nghiep nhuthe nao, ma cdn bdi each ngUdi Cao d i n g nghe 400 3,9 ta Qng xQvdi Chuan mQc kha mdi 7,0 He Giao due - Dao tao 720 me so vdi nhdng gi vdn dUdc eho la quan trpng Trung cap chuyen nghiep 270 2,6 nha trUdng 2,4 Cao d^ng 245 Dai hoe 170 1,7 Tren dai hoe 35 0,3 Xay dung ndng thdn mdi nen kinh te thi trudng va hdi nhap qudc te do khoa hoe cdng nghe - lao dong vd viee Idm Id mot s6 gid tri, (Nguon Bo Ke hoach va Dau tu(2011) Quy hoach phdt tnen nhan li/c khoa hoc - cdng nghe trd tha Viet Nam giai doan 20n-2020 Bdo cdo tong hap, Ha N6i, 20111 \ar\, mang tinh quyet dinh viee n nang suat lao ddng, Phai day nhanh cdng nghiep nghiep va Lam nghiep den nam 2020 chia theo trinh dao tao dupe du bao Quy hoach phat tnen nhan hda, hien dai hda ndng nghiep va ndng thdn, Phat tnen va dua nong nghiep, lam nghiep, ngu nghiep len mdt lue Viet Nam giai doan 2011 -2020 {xem Bdng 2) trinh dd mdi bang viee Qng dung tien bd khoa hpc Ca eau tao ddng dupe chuyen dieh nhanh hay cdng nghe, phat trien ket eau tang edng nghiep - dieh cham edn phu thudc vao nhieu yeu td nha su hap dan vu, chuyen dich ca eau lao ddng, tao nhieu viec lam mdi ciia nghe nghiep, dieu kien lam viee, hudng thu eua va eai thien ddi song ciia nong dan va dan cUndng thdn nganh nghe mdi se chuyen dich sang lam viec, Nha vay, Cong nghiepvQaphattnen cae nganh sQdung nhieu lao su chuyen dieh co eau kinh te, lao ddng lam thay ddi ca ddng, vQa di nhanh vao mdt sd nganh, ITnh vue ed cong eau nghe nghiep nghe hien dai, cong nghe cao Ngoai ra, d khu vue ndng thdn, vdi su phat trien eua Ngoai ra, nen kmh te thj trUdng, khdng ehi ndng nghiep theo hudng md rdng thi trUdng va eo thay gia tn eua khoa hpc - cdng nghe ma phai di vao viec hoa, cung vdi qua trinh dd thi hda cung tao nhieu sU cuthela daotaotaynghecho ngudi lao ddng, Tay nghe thay ddi co eau nghe nghiep SU xuat hien nhieu trd thdnh mot gid tn Idn, g§n vdi khoa hpc - edng nghe, nganh nghe phi nong nghiep han va san pham vdi tay nghe la van de viec Idm Giai quyet viec lam la cang phong phii hon la nhu eau ciia thi trUdng mdt chfnh sach kmh te-xa hdi rat caban Bang moi bien cang da dang han Sd lao ddng thuan ndng giam di, thay phap tao nhieu viee lam mdi, tang quy thdi gian lao vao la eac dang kiem nghe hoac chuyen ban sang cae ddng duoc sd dung, nhat la ndng nghiep va ndng nganh nghe phi ndng nghiep thdn, Phat tnen moi phan kmh te la tao dieu kien Ben canh do, cung vdi chuyen doi ve co eau hd, co mdmangcacnganhnghe, casd san xuat, dieh vu CO kha eau ngudn nhan lUe, eo eau nganh nghe cua hd ndng nang sQdung nhieu lao ddng Nhung viec dd hetsUccan thdn cung ed su chuyen dieh, tao su chenh lech Idn thiet va can phai lam tot vi gid tn ciia lao dong, cua tay giua eac vung kmh te - xa hdi dan den tinh trang mot so nghe va ciia viec Idm dieu kien kmh te thi trudng khong nhd nien nong thon dang cd xu hudng "li Nghe nghiep va viec lam la van de quan cua ndng va li huong", di eUra phdde tim viee lam Du nguoi, dae biet la men, bdi le nghe nghiep bao den nam 2019, se cd trieu nguai di eUra thi, va viec lam luon lien quan true tiep den hanh phue cua chiem khoang 5% dan so [5], Do tudi di cu eo xu hudng moi ngudi, moi gia dmh Qua trinh xay dung nong SO 135-THANG 12/2016 • 17 ddng can phai duac dao tao Khi dd trinh tay nghe, van hoa lao ddng, long yeu men, cham lo phat then nghe la nhQng gia tn can thiet de trd ngadi lao ddng tdt, Ddi vdi moi ngudi, nghe nghiep vQa cd gid tri vdt ehdt vda cd gid tn tinh thdn [7], Gia tn vat chat eua nghe nghiep mang lai cho ngadi lao ddng thu nhap de nudi sdng ban than va gia dinh Gia tri tinh than cua nghe nghiep the hien d cho ngUdi lao ddng ed nghe, eo viec lam, cong hien eho xa hdi va 6uge xa hdi tdn vinh, Ca hai gia tn deu quan ddi vdi moi ngudi, nhien, nhQng nhu eau ve vat chat Iudn dUOc Uu tien so vdi nhu eau ve tinh than, Vi vay, HS thudng lUa chon gia tn vat chat eua nghe nghiep d mQc cao hon so vdi gia tn tinh than va xu the chon nghe ed thu nhap cao hOn ia le duang nhien, Ben canh dd, nghe nghiep ed gid tn rieng (doi vdi ca nhan) vd gid tn chung (doi vdi xa hdi) [5], Gia tri rieng eua nghe nghiep daac hieu la sydanhgiacuaca nhanve mQc dd phu hap eua mdt nghe nao dd vdi dae diem tam smh li va nang iQc cua ban than, cung nhU vdi hoan canh gia dinh eiia minh, Gia tri ehung cua nghe nghiep duoc hieu fa nghe ma xa hoi dang cd nhu eau, Vi vay, lua chpn nghe nghiep can phai ket hap hai hda ed hai gia tn rieng va ehung eua nghe nghiep mdi ed co hdi tim duoe Nhu vay, qua trinh xay dung ndng thdn mdi tao viee lam, dong thdi mdi cd the phat huy dUoe nang lUe nhQng eo hdi eho sU phat tnen kmh te, xa hdi cua ndng nghe nghiep cua ea nhan tuang lai thdn, nhung cung dUa den nhQng thach thQc viec Ngoai ra, de gin giQ va phat huy duoc ban s5c chuan bi ngudn nhan lUc thich Qng vdi hoan e^nh va truyen thdng tdt dep cua dan tdc, tiep thu duoc nht^ng dieu kien mai, Ngudn nhan luc chinh la nien, yeu to tien bd eiia thdi dai de phat tnen va hdi nhap, cdn HS, ddi ngu nhan luc day tiem nang, nhUng cung dang cd gid tn truyen thong vd gid tn hien dai Cd nhQng nghe cd nhQng thay doi ve nhQng gia tri nghe nghiep va djnh truyen thdng can daac bao tdn, nhQng nghe hien dai hadng gia tri nghe nghiep ciia minh can duoc nhanh chdng phat trien Do vay, lUa chon Oinb hudfng gid tri cho hoc sinh thong khu nghe nghiep can phai ket hpp hai hoa giQa gia tri truyen vi/c nong than viec lUa chon nghe thong va gia tn hien dai Viec iQa chon hanh ddng phan anh ban chat ben Ket luan ve nhQng mong muon cua moi ngUdi ddi vdi Gia tn nghe nghiep va dmh hQdng gia tri nghe nhQng khuon mau hanh vi thac te TUxUa den nay, chon nghe van duac xem la mdt nhQng van de nghiep eho HS la mdt van de khd, Gia tn nghe nghiep mang tinh khaeh quan, tdn tai mdt giai doan lich quan nhat ddi vdi mdi eon ngudi Quan diem ve nganh nghe cung nhu vi tri cua sQ nhat dinh Xay dung ndng thdn mdi cung nha si/ thay ddi, phat tnen nhanh cua xa hdi la nen tang ciia sU chung xa hdi thay doi qua cae giai doan lieh sd Neu nhu trade day men chi mong mudn nhan chuyen ddi va phat tnen nhQng gia tn, dd cd gia tn duoc viee lam bien che nha nude, thi tU bat nghe nghiep ciia men ndi chung vaHS phd thdng dau edng cudc ddi mdi dat nUdc vdi nhieu phan ndi rieng, thdn mdi ddi hdi phai to chQc san xuat tren quy mo Idn, chuyen doi manh me tQ nen kmh te tieu ndng sang tieu cdng nghiep, dieh vu, eau true lao ddng xa hdi dang thay doi, anh hudng den moi vien xa hdi viec lUa chon nghe nghiep va viee lam [3], Ngoai ra, mdt gia tr; dang duoc moi ngUdi hudng tdi thai kiddi mdi la lam nhieu tien vasugiau ed, Tien te duoc coi la mdt nhQng nhan td chu yeu de van hanh edng nghe, phat tnen kinh te - xa hdi [3] De trd nen giau cd, mdi ngudi phai tU chon cho minh mdt eon dudng rieng, nang lUc va dieu kien eu the Khi nen kmh te edn thap kem, chung ta da tQng nghe "Ndng suy bdeh nghe bai", "Si, ndng, cdng, thuang", v V, Nghe ndng duoc de cao, edn thuang nghiep giQ vi tri thap nhat bac thang gia tn xa hdi, Trong nen kmh te hang hoa, thQong nghiep dan dan khSng dinh duac vi tri eua n6"Phi thuang bat phd' Khi ndng thdn doi mdi, phan Idn nhQng ngudi ndng dan lam an gidi deu kinh doanh tdng hop (ngoai nghe lam rudng, cdn buon ban, chan nudi, lam dieh vu) [3], NhQng dinh hQdng gia tn nhu "nhdt si nhi nong", "phi dai hoe bat thdnh nhdn" "van ban giai hq pham, huu doc thU cao" (van nghe deu la thap kem, ehi cd doc sach la cao), "nhd nUdc phdn edng viec gi Idm viee ndy", "bo me dot dau ngoi day", da khdng cdn phu hop [7], kmh te, van de tim nghe bien che nha nudc khdng eon giQ vi tri ddc tdn nda Quan mem "nhdt nghe tinh, nhdt thdn vinh"da nhudng cho cho quan mem mdi; biet mdtvainghe, biet ngoai ngQ, biet sQdung VI tinh, „ nha vay de xin viec lam va ed thu nhap cao hOn, Oac biet, chuyen sang nen kmh te thi trUdng, sUc lao dong trd hang hoa de kiem dUOc viec lam phai ehap nhan canh tranh, de tham gia lao ddng cd hieu qua, ngudi lao 18 • KHOA HOC eiAO DUG Neu khdng nhan dien daac nhQng thay ddi ve gia tri nghe nghiep thi viec giao due, dinh hudng gia tri ngfie nghiep cho HS phd thdng khdng the dat ket qua mong mudn, Cung vdi nha trQdng, gia dinh va xa hdi can tham gia tieh cue vao viec dinh hUdng gia tri nghe nghiep cho HS, giup eac em lUa chon dUOc nghe phu hop, phat huy duoe nang luc eua ban than gdp phan xay dUng cdng nong thdn mdi tren que hUong minh NGHlgNCOULfLU&NCQ TAILI|UTHAMKHAO [l].Tdng eye Thdng ke, {2011), Bieu tra ndng nghiep nong than Viet Nam 2011 [2] Le Vdn Anh, (2010), Vdn di gido due gid tn cho niin boi cdnh Viet Nam gia nhdp WTO, Kl yeu Hpi thao qudc gia ve "Khoa hoc gido due", Bd Giao dye va Dao tao [3] Pham Minh Hac - Thdi Duy Tuyen, (2011), Dinh hudng gid tri ngUdi Viit Nam thdi ki doi mdi vd hoi nhdp, NXB Chinh tr| Qudc gia Ha Ndi 14] Do Thi Bich Loan, (2015), Binh hUdng gid tri nghe nghiip eho hocsinh ddp dng chuyen dieh caeau kinh te, lao ddng Tap chi Khoa hpc Gido dye, Sd 122, thang 11/2015 [5].ThuHdimg.aon) Dubdo ddn so Viet Nam-Mot sd chi tiiu chu yeu Tap chi Con sd va 5U kien (Tong cue Thdng ke),Sd11/2012 [6] fid Lao ddng - Thuang binh vd Xd hoi phoi hap vdi Mang iudi hdnh ddng v) lao ddng di cu(M.net) to ehde Hdi thdo "An sinh xd hoi vdi lao dong di cu khu vUc phi chinh thdc" vdi sU ho tra cua to ehde Oxfam ngdy 15/9/2015 [7], Nguyen Minh Dudng, Do Thj Bich Loan, (2016), Dinh hudng gid tri nghe nghiep cho HS thdng ddp dng yeu cdu xdy dung ndng thdn mdi d Viet Nam, Tap ehi Khoa hpc Gido due, Sd 128, thang 5/2016 IDENTIFYING CHANGES IN HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS'CAREER VALUE IN THE CONTEXT OF NEW RURAL DEVELOPMENT DoThi Bich Loan The Vietnam Institute of Educational Sciences Email: loaneta@yahoo.com Abstract: Value and value orientation for students is always a matter of concern Career values are beyound people' consciousness, exist in a certain historical period Study identifies changes in students' career value in the context o developing nevi/rural areas with the aim to help them to reach proper orientation for career values, link to their countryside, choose jobs matching their capabilities and conditions, as well as in line with needs of local workforce in developing new rural areas.The article presents concept of value and value orientation; features of shifting economic and labor restructure in process of building new rural areas in Vietnam; identify changes in the students'career value in the context of new rural development; value orientation for high school students in rural areas in their career choice Keywords: Career values; high school students; new rural areas 135-THAHG 12/2016* 19 ... nghiep den ndm 2020 chia theo tr''inh ddo too Nhan dien nhiJfng thay ddi v l gia trj Nhu eau lao dong Co eau trinh nghe nghiep cua hoc sinh thdng boi qua dao tao dkotao canh xay di/ng ndng thdn mdi... sang nen nghiep va Lam nghiep kinh te edng nghiep, tQ mdt xa hdi truyen thdng Trong do: sang mdt xa hdi hien dai da lam thay ddi cae gia trj ve eude sdng vat chat, the gidi tinh than va nghe 9,580... thi trUdng va eo thay gia tn eua khoa hpc - cdng nghe ma phai di vao viec hoa, cung vdi qua trinh dd thi hda cung tao nhieu sU cuthela daotaotaynghecho ngudi lao ddng, Tay nghe thay ddi co eau