V& OAOTAO BdiDI/dNG DOI MCfl GlAO DUC DAI HOC D A P ttNG YEU CAU C A C H MANG C 6 N G NGHIEP LAN THtj" TU" Nguyen Ba Chien * Tom tdt Cdch mqng cong nghiep lan thii tU (CMCN 4 0) dd tao ra sU thay doi[.]
V& OAOTAO-BdiDI/dNG DOI MCfl GlAO DUC DAI HOC D A P ttNG YEU CAU C A C H MANG C N G NGHIEP LAN THtj" TU" Nguyen Ba Chien * Tom tdt: Cdch mqng cong nghiep lan thii tU (CMCN 4.0) dd tao sU thay doi to Idn, tdc dgng din mgi linh vUc ddi sdngxd hdi, cdgido due dqi hgc Dieu ndy mdt mat tqo cd hdi dicdc trUdng dqi hoc ddi mdi vd phdt trien, ddng thdi dat nhUng thdch thUc budc cdc trUdng dqi hgc phdi vUdt qua de ddo tqo ngudn nhdn lUc dap Ung nhu cdu xd hdi Bdi viet ldm ro cdc xu hUdng phdt trien gido due dqi hgc vd nhUng thdch thUc dUdi tdc dgng cua Cdch mqng cdng nghiep 4.0, tit dd dixudt mgt sdgidi phdp ddi mdi gido due dqi hgc ddp ting yeu cdu nhiem vu sU nghiep xdy dUng vd bao vi T6 qudc Tii khoa: gido due dqi hgc; Cdch mqng cong nghiip 4.0 Abstract: Industrial Revolution 4.0 has created enormous changes, affecting all areas of social life, including higher education This is a chancefor the universities of innovation and development, and there are challenges which universities had to overcome to train human resources to meet social demands The article clarifies trends of higher education and the challenges under the impact of the Industrial Revolution 4.0, then to propose some solutions to innovate higher education meet requirements career building and defending the Fatherland Keywords: higher education; Industrial Revolution 4.0 Ngdy nhdn bdi:25/ll/2017 Ngdy sUa bdi: 18/12/2017Ngdy duyet ddng: 15/01/2018 Cach mang Cdng nghilp Idn thfl tfl va nhfing thach thufc doi vdi gido due dai hpc De dap flng ylu cau cfla cupc Cach mang cdng nghiep lan thfl tfl (CMCN 4.0), cac nhd gido due vd nha quan ly da tranh lu^n ve vai trd cflng nhfl nhflng thay ddi cfla gido due d p hpc thdi gian tdi Clayton Christiansen da chi sfl thay ddi can thiet cua gido due dai hgc dap flng ylu cdu dao t^o ngudn nhdn Iflc tflOng thich vdi mdy mdc nham t^o nhflng khd nang mdi, khai thde tilm nang cfla cdng nghi ky thu|t sd, dfl lilu ea nhan, ndi dung ngudn md Gido dye dai hpe tfldng lai ddi hdi mdt mat ddp flng tilu chuan toan cdu, mat khdc phai gan vdi ea nhan hda Cd nhan hda Id vi|e tflng ca nhdn sinh vien phai thilt l§p mpt ke hoach tfldng lai vl hpc tap d l cd mdt vai trd tdt hon xa hdi [2, tr.l21] CMCN4.0thdtsflddtgiaoducd?Lihgctrfldc nhflng thach thflc mdi diln rat nhanh * PGS.TS, TrUdngDqi hocNgi vy Hd Ndi 33 I Tap chf Khoa hpc Npi vu DAOTAO-SdlDl/CfNG m Hiln cde trfldng dai hgc cd the chfla dfl dodn bet cdc ky nang cua ngfldi lao ddng ma thi trfldng lao ddng can Hoat ddng ddo t^o vd nghiln cflu cua cac trfldng dai hpe chfl ylu van theo phfldng phap truyin thdng se phai ddi mat vdi nhflng thay ddi manh me cd vl tfl duy, ed cau kiln thflc, ky nang vd phfldng phdp giao due Vdi sfl thay ddi nhanh chdng efla cdng nghe, ddi hdi giao due phdi dem lai cho ngfldi hpc nhflng kien thflc ky nang mdi, khd n a i ^ sang tao, thich flng vdi thach thflc va nhflng ylu cau mdi md cde phfldng phap giao due truyen thdng khdng thi dap flng Day Id thach thflc Idn, d%c biet bdi canh nen gido dye d^ hpc cfla Vilt Nam da va dang bde Id nhieu han chi, ca nhflng yeu td nIn mdng va triln vpng phat trien CMCN 4.0 dat van dl binh dang giao dye dai hpe, cu the la binh dang sfl dung internet nhfl la mdt cdng cy chfl yen cua hpc tap vd nghiln cflu khoa hpc Ly do, gido dye d^\ hpc dieu kien CMCN 4.0 boat ddng theo phfldng thflc ky thudt sd Trong do, m^c dfl sd Ifldng ngfldi sfl dyng Internet dang tang trfldng mdt each on dinh, nhflng theo thdng kl cfla ITU, vdn cd khoang 4,2 ty ngfldi trln thi gidi chfla dflpc tilp cdn vdi Internet [3,tr.231] Cd nhieu rao can cho nhflng ngfldi dung Internet, dac biet la nhflng ngfldi d vflng ndng thdn hoac d cae nfldc nghlo Theo Hilp hdi GSMA (Hilp hdi Dien thoai di dpng toan can), id ehi phi d l tri cde tram phat sdng ho^t ddng thi eao ma doanh thu Isii thap it ngfldi sfl dung, ebon gdi cfldc re tien thu nhap khdng cao khiln eac nhd m ^ g khdng cd dfl kinh phi nudi cdc tram phat sdng mang di dpng Cac rao cdn khdc bao gdm cac loai thul, tinh trang that 34 I Tap ehi Khoa hpc Npi vu hpe va thilu nhflng ndi dung trflc tuyIn co npi dung bang ngdn ngfl dia phfldng Maic dii giao due dai hpc ky thudt sd gid ed thap hdn nhilu so vdi md hinh gido due truyin thdng nhUng, cdc trfldng dai hpc can cd nhflng phflOng phap hd trp nhdm ngfldi tilp cSn dfldc vdi gido due dai hpc ky thudt %6 Md hinh gido dye ky thudt sd se chiln flu t h i CMCN 4.0, nhiln nd dat nhflng vdn dl nhfl sfl rui ro, xdm pham den sfl rilng tfl va an ninh la nhfli^ thach thiic Idn Hdp tac, hdi nh^p va quy trinh bdo mdt la nhflng tfl khda d l md rdng nhflng nd Iflc giao dye dgi hgc mang tinh ben vflng Tai Dien dan Thi gidi Giao due Ky thudt nam 2015, giao sU Sabina JESCHKE (D^i hpe RWTH Aachen) cho rang:"Trong giao dye dai hpc, mot he thdng phdt triln phfle tap ddi la nhu cau tdt ylu d l ddp flng cudc each mang cdng nghiep thfl tfl ddi bdi lien nganh vd hdp tac nhfl mpt dieu ki?n tien quyet cho sfl ddi mdi" [4] Trong dilu kiln CMCN 4.0, quan he gifla cac trfldng dai hpc vdi doanh nghilp ngdy cdng bin cb^t vd phflc tap Hdi nghi thfldng nien cfla Dien dan Kinh t l Thi gidi dien tai Davos nam 2016 da dfla quan dilm: " Cdch mang cdng nghilp thfl tfl klu ggi chung ta suy nghi sang tao vl cdc qua trinh san xudt, ehudi gid tri, phdn phdi vd dich vy khdch hang Trong dd, tflong lai cfla gido due d^ hpc nhan mgjih din sfl can thiet de nhin xa hdn vd cd chien Iflpc sfl dyng eac "Internet of Thuigs" de ehuan bi Ifle Iflpng lao ddng den vdi nhflng thach thflc d phia trfldc" [5] Cdc trfldng dai hpc nhan manh vai tr6 cfla hp vile djnh hinh cdng nghi tfldng lai bang ddi mdi giao due thi he tfldng lai Thflc te, giao due truyen thdng da gdp V^ phan rdt Idn vdo mflc dp hiln tai efla qua trinh hinh va phat triln cua CMCN 4.0 Tuy nhiln, de gido due dai hpc cung cdp ngudn nhan Iflc dap flng nhu cdu, cdu hdi dat la cde CO sd gido dye d^i hpc se bi dnh hfldng bdi cudc CMCN 4.0 va lam the nao de giao dye dai hpc biln doi va thich flng Moi trfldng dai hpe ed nhflng ed hdi khac de dinh hinh ve vai trd, chiln Iflpc, myc tieu cd the d?it dflpc cudc CMCN 4.0 Md hinh md cde nha giao due de xuat la sfl kit hpp sflc manh cua giao dye dai hpc truyin thdng vdi xu hfldng cang tang cfla gido dye ky thudt sd (MOOCs) di md rdng quy md va nang cao chat Iflpng gido due Hiln nay, cd sd giao dye d?i hpc ngdy cang md rdng nhd dflpc kit ndi vdi cac thilt bi di ddng thdng qua cdc flng dung diln todn dam may vd khdng cdn gidi ban hinh thflc truyen thdng cfla hoat ddng giao due tren giang dfldng, phdng thi nghilm Vdi viec md rdng cac dich vu mging trln toan cau, ranh gidi vdt ly khdng cdn rao cdn ddi vdi giao dye dai hpc Nhflng Idp hpc trflc tuyen (MOOCs) hiln dfldc tang lln theo cap sd nhan tren pham vi toan cau, giflp cho vile hpc dl tilp cdn hdn vdi mpi ngfldL Theo thdng kl, nam 2015, sd Iflpng ngfldi tham gia cac Idp hpc da tang gap ddi, tfl 16-18 trilu sinh viln lln den 35 trilu sinh viln Tuy nhiln, thflc te la ngfldi ta khdng the bd qua tam quan trpng cfla hinh thflc day hpe truyin thdng tfldng tac trflc tilp gifla gidng viln vd sinh viln nhfl mdt phdn anh hfldng cfla mdt nen gido due chat Iflpng Do dd, mgt sfl kit hop gifla giao due trflc tuyIn vdi gido due truyen thdng cdng phd biln hon Trong tfldng lai gan, hinh thflc DAOTAO-BdiDUdNG d?y hpc truyen thdng van gifla vai trd chfl dao cung cap dich vy giao dye dai hpc, dap flng nhu cau cua thi trfldng lao ddng toan cau [6,tr.23] Thdch thflc cua giao dye dai hpc CMCN 4.0 ddi vdi hinh thflc giao due MOOCs Id kiem dinh chat Iflpng va nilm tin ddi vdi gido dye d^ hpe Theo cac nha nghiln cflu, sfl kit hpp tfldng lai gifla hinh thflc gido dye MOOCs vd gido dye truyen thdng cac ca sd giao due dai hpc cho phep cung cap cac dich vu giao due tdt nhat D^c bilt, giao dye d^ hpc eho nhflng ngfldi ti nan hien dang la van dl budc chinh phfl edc nfldc cflng vdi cac cd sd giao due dai hpc tdp trung giai quyet Hien thi gidi dang chflng kiln cudc khung hoang ngfldi ti nan Idn nhdt kl tfl The chiln II Giao due ndi chung, giao dye dai hpc ndi rieng hien dang phai ddi mat vdi thflc te hang trilu ngfldi ti nan trln khap t h i gidi, dd cd sinh viln Trong mdt bdo cao cd ten: "Khdng dim va khdng xdc nhdn" cho bilt, hien cd mdt Iflpng Idn khdng xac dinh sinh vien dai hpc tj nan tfl Syria edc viln nghiln cflu d Jordan Vile cung cdp dich vu gido due dai hgc cho ngfldi ti nan vd dfla ndi dung vdo h? thdng giao dye nfldc sd tai Id mpt thach thflc Idn Trong CMCN 4.0, mdt ngfldi cd the nhan dfldc dich vy giao dye tfl cdc trfldng d^ hpe khac nhau, Idm viec tai cae td chflc khdc nhau, tham gia tich cdc vdi edc sang kien khdc trln pham vi toan cau Dilu dd lam cho gido dye dai hpc hfldng den xay dflng bdn sac chung Douglas Van Houweling (Dai hgc Michigan) dfl dodn, viec tao ban sdc todn cdu "Global Identity" la chia khda phdt trien giao dye dai hpe thdi gian 20 nam 35 I Tap ehi Khoa hpc Npi vu DAOTAO-BOIDUONC jay tdi Ti;fldng dai hpc nao xdy dflng dflpc bdn sdc si tao dflpc Idi the so sdnh canh tranh giao due dgi hpc Gia tri todn cau tao sfl tin tfldng cung nhfl tao ddng Iflc d l thu hflt ngfldi hpc tren khap the gidi Hdn nfla, CMCN 4.0, gido due dai hpc khdng cdn ddc quyln vd cung khdng chiu tdc ddng efla mdt tfl tfldng nhat d|nh De ton tgii, cdc trfldng dgii hgc phdi xay dflng gid tri toan cau, tflc la he gia tri dflpc thfla nhan trln pham vi toan cau He gia tri dfldc nhan rpng qua trinh chia se silu dfl lieu thflc the toan cdu gifla cdc liln doan qudc gia khac vdi cae rao can tdi thilu Trong CMCN 4.0, de ddp flng nhu cau efla thi trfldng lao ddng xem xet nhu cau cfla ngfldi hpc, Alan Blinder, mdt nhd kinh te tai Dai hpc Pruiceton cho rdng: "CMCN 4.0 ddnh cho sinh viln co hpi d l thich flng vdi thdi d^ thdng tui Dfl Ulu liln quan den kit qua hpe t|p, hdnh vi, phat triln, va sfl tfldng tac bin Idp hpc va trln cdc nIn tdng trflc tuyen cfla MOOCs se tsio dfl lieu da d ^ g va thay ddi nhanh chdng Kha nang cd sd giao due dai hpe tich hpp thdng tin ndy vao dfl heu thdng minh cfla minh se cho kit qua d cdc quyet djnh thdng minh"[l] Xu hfldng phdt trien giao dye dai hpc CU0C CMCN 4.0 Theo eac nghiln cflu gan ddy, giao due dai hpc CMCN 4.0 se phat triln theo hfldng da dang v l thdi gian va dia diem Sinh vien si cd nhilu co hdi hpe d nhflng thdi dilm, dia dilm khac Cdc cdng cu E-Learning se tao dieu kien thudn Igi cho vile tfl hpc, hpe tdp tfl xa Cac Idp hpc td chflc Imh hoat, nghia Id phan ly thuylt dflpc hpc bin ngodi Idp hpc, 36 I Tap chf Khoa hpc Npi vu phan thflc hanh si dflpc d?y true tilp, m^t ddi mat Dieu ndy trai ngflpc v6i gido due truyin thdng, hpe I^ thuylt d gidi^ dfldng vd thflc hdnh d ca sd san xudt Sinh viln se hpc t | p vdi eac cdng cu hgc tdp thich nghi theo kha nang cfla minh Sinh viln g9.p khd khan vdi mdn hpc ndo se cd cd hpi thflc hanh nhilu hdn cho den d?t miJc yeu cau M^c dfl mdi mdn hpc dflpc giang day cimg myc dich, nhflng vile tiep nhdn tri thilc la khdc ddi vdi moi sinh viln Ciing nhfl kinh nghilm hpc tdp ca nhdn, sinh vien cd dilu ehinh ddi qua trinh hgc tap cua hp vdi cac cdng cu hd trp md hp cam thdy la can thiet Sinh viln si hpc vdi cac thilt bi khac nhau, cac chfldng trinh va ky thu^t khdc dfla trln sd thich eua rilng minh Td chflc Icfp hpc tfl chd ddng nhdt ddn chuyen sang kieu pha trdn Hpc theo dfl an se la phflPng thflc Ifla chon tdi flu Cdc nha giao due ly giai CMCN 4.0, ngbl nghiep efla sinh vien thich flng vdi nIn kinh t l tfl tfldng lai, sinh viln se thich nghi vdi vi|e hpc tdp va lam viec theo dfl dn Dilu cd nghia la hp phdi hpc cdch ap dung cac ky nang cac thdi diem ngan hon cho nhilu tinh hudng khac Hpc theo dfl an Id hpc cdc ky ndng qudn ly td chflc, cdng tdc va qudn ly thdi gian c6 the dflpc gidng day nhfl nhflng dilu cd ban ma mpi sinh vien cd thi sfl dung sfl nghiep hpc t^p cfla minh Ly thuylt ed the se khdng quan trpng bang kmh nghilm thflc tl Cdng nghe cho phep ngfldi hpe nam ly thuylt bin ngodi giang dfldng dai hpc Cde trfldng dai hpc si cung edp nhieu co hdi de sinh viln ed dflpc nhflng ky nang thflc te phfl hpp cho cdng vile eua hg V& cac dfl an Dilu ed nghia Id chfldng trinh giang day se tao nhieu vi tri de sinh viln hodn thflc tdp, tham gia hpc tap tfl cae dfl dn vd dfl an hdp tdc Bdi vi, mdt m$t cdng nghi tao thudn Ipi cho ngfldi hpc nam ly thuylt qua nhilu hinh thflc khdc ma hp khdng phai mat nhieu thdi gian hpe tai gidng dfldng Kieh ban giang d^y phan nhilu Id hpc phan vl cdc ky nang qua phfldng thflc tflong tac trflc tiep Do do, kinh nghilm se la mdt ylu td quan trpng dflpc nhin manh cac khda hpc Trong CMCN 4.0, toan hpc se khdng dflpc de cao nhfl gido due truyin thdng Mac du toan hpc dflpc eoi Id hpc phdn quan trpng, nhflng gid day, may tinh si sdm lam thay mpi phdn tich thdng kl, md ta, phdn tich dfl lilu va dfla cdc dfl doan xu hfldng tfldng lai Vile dp dung kiln thflc ly thuylt cho cac sd, sfl dyng h ludn d l suy Iu|n logic ve dfl heu se trd mdt xu hfldng mdi efla toan hgc Do dd, sfl giai thich cfla ngfldi v l nhflng dfl Ulu ndy se trd mdt phdn quan trpng chflong trinh giang dg.y tfldng lai Duy tri mdt chfldng trinh hpc hien dai, edp nhat va bao dam tinh hflu ich cfla nd hien khdng ehi quylt dinh bdi gido sfl hay ebuyen gia, md cdn tfl phia ngfldi hpc Vai trd efla ngfldi hpc tham gia thiet k l chflOng trinh hpc cdi^ quan trpng Cac giang viln se gifl vi tri trung tdm kho dfl Ulu thdng tin ma sinh vien se can cd sfl tfl van Cdng nghe dd dflpc tich hpp vdo hdu nhfl mpi khia canh cfla gido dye dai hpc tfl khau biln soan chfldng trinh, thdm dinh chfldng trinh, triln khai va ddnh gid chfldng trinh Hhih thflc td chflc day hpc ngdy cdng dflpc cdng nghe hda Cdng nghi thdng tm DAOTAO-BOIDUQNG cang cung cap cho ea ngfldi hpc, ngfldi day nhflng cdng cy can thilt vd phfl hpp nhat Ban ve xu hfldng cua gido dyC dai hgc CMCN 4.0, gido sfl Gottfried Vossen (D^i hpe Munster, Dflc) da de xuat md hinh dai hpc 4.0: Day hpc 4.0 - Nghiini cflu 4.0 Qudn l-f 4.0 Trong dd, dgiy hpc 4.0 gdm nhilu hinh thflc hpc t | p radi, thdi gian vd dja dilm hpc tap khdng bi rang budc, cd sfl thay ddi phfl hpp vdi ddi tflpng hpe, eimg cap nhilu ky nang phfl hpp hon Theo gido sfl ndy, nghiln cflu 4.0 bao gdm: hinh thflc nghiln cflu mdi (tdc dp, kit qud, qua trinh ddnh gia), he thdng dfl Ulu quy md Idn hon va da dang ngudn hon; quan ly 4.0 gom: giang day (he thdng phdn mem thflc hien dfldc nhieu myc dich hdn, nhflng cdng ey quan ly hilu qud hon, h i thdng thdng tin Idn hdn), nghiln cflu khoa hpe (h$ thdng thdng tin nghiln cflu khoa hpe, quan ly dfl an), quan ly cd sd ddo tao, bg phan hd trd tdi chinh D l xdy dflng va trien khai md hinh giao dye dai hpe 4.0 neu tren, cac trfldng dai hgc phai liln tue suy nghi v l phfldng phap tiep can vile day hpc de tim nhflng diem han che vd liln tuc cdi thi|n, theo ddi, quan sdt phdn hdi, thdi dd efla sinh viln v l vi|c hpc tap, nhflng khdng nhdt thilt phai trd Idi tat cd phan hdi, can thfl nghilm nhflng cdng ngh? mdi [7] Mpt sd giai phap doi mdi giao due dai hoc tai ^^lt Nam dap ^n% yeu cau CMCN 4.0 Tfl nhflng vdn d l nlu trln, d l tdn dung co hdi, vflpt qua thach thflc tfl CMCN 4.0, h i thdng giao dye dai hpc nfldc ta can tdp trung thflc hiln mpt sd van d l sau day: Mdt Id, edn tilp tuc gia cd nhflng ylu td nIn mdng, ddi mdi tfl vl phdt trien gido dye 37 I Tap chf Khoa hpc Not vu DAOTAO-B6IDU0NG JXf tdng the chien Iflpc phat trien cfla qudc gia Kinh nghilm cdng cua cae qudc gia trln thi gidi da khang dinh giao due cd vai trd then chdt ddi vdi phat trien kinh t l - xa hdi Mye tilu cfla giao dye la dao tao dpi ngu lao dpng chat Iflpng cao dap flng yeu cau phdt triln cua ddt nfldc, dd cd cudc CMCN 4.0 phai chuyin tfl bilt Idp, tfl phdt ndng vl sd Iflpng sang chdt Iflpng, kit ndi chat chi gifla ddo tao va sfl dyng, tfl each ddo tao Idm cho ngfldi hpc thu dpng sang chu ddng sdng tao, khdng ngaii dfldng dau vdi khd khan, thaeh thflc; Hai Id, hdng cao vai trd cfla nha nfldc mdi quan h i tfldng tac vdi thj trfldng, tao dgng Iflc phat triln ngudn nhan Iflc chat Iflpng cao; Ba la, cae trfldng dai hgc can gidng day nhflng tri thflc tich hpp nhieu kiln thflc, ddng thdi ren luyin ky nang ldm vile nhdm, tfl hpc, bilt each tim hilu va tra cflu tai lieu, bilt each xfl ly thdng tin de trd tri thflc cfla minh Cy thi, edn dp dyng md hinh gido dye mdi nhfl phdng hpc do, thay gido do, thilt bi do, phdng thi nghiem, thfl vien dfldi sfl hd trd cua cde thilt bi thdng minh; tgo dilu kien va ylu eau sinh viln tfl nam thfl phai tham gia cde nhdm nghiln cflu vd cdc de tai ndy phai gan Uln vdi giai quylt mdt vdn dl cu thi vl chuyen mdn, hoac ddi sdng kinh te,xahdi i Bdn Id, cde trfldng dai hpe edn Uln doanh vdi cac doanh nghi?p d l hinh thdnh md hmh dai hpe mdi - dai hgc doanh nghiep Thay ddi tfl "day nhflng gi gidi hpc thudt sin cd" sang "dgiy nhflng gi thi trfldng can, doanh nghiep can" hoac thdm chi xa hdn Id "d^y nhflng gi 38 I Tap chf Khoa hpc Npi vu thi trfldng vd doanh nghiep si edn"; Ndm Id, CMCN 4.0 ddi hdi edc trfldng dai hpc cang tiep can sdu vdi thi trfldng, ngudn tai chinh cdng suy gidm vd dp Iflc c6a dai chung hda giao dye dai hpe Hiln cac trfldng dai hpe dang chiu dp Iflc trfldc nhfli^ ddi hdi ngdn han cfla nen kinh tl, cua nha nfldc, efla ngfldi hpe, dang xa dan nhflng trpng tdm dai ban vdn la y nghia thflc sfl cda dai hpc vd khiln trfldng dai hpc trd tai sdn vd gid cua qudc gia Trfldc thflc tl nay, cde trfldng dai hpe phai ed nhflng thay ddi de vfla eung edp ngudn nhan Iflc dfldng dau va cdng CMCN 4.0, m^t khdc can co nhflng nghiln cflu de tim giai phap phdt huy nhflng ma.t tich cflc, han che nhflng tieu cUc CMCN 4.0 gdy ra; Sdu Id, vdi truyin thdng giao dye nang ve ly thuylt, mang tinh hdn ldm, giao dye dai hpc d Viet Nam can phai cd nhflng chuyen biln manh m l de thich flng vdi CMCN 4,0, lay trpng tam Id tao nang Iflc dao tao nguon nhdn Iflc cd tfl khai phdng Nen giao dye chu trpng giai thodt tfl duy, hdnh vi vd loi mdn d l tilp c$n nhanh chdng vdi tinh hoa trln todn cau Nin giao due khai phdng se di vdi nhflng mdn hpc khai phdng Nghia la nhflng mdn hpc khdng ed dinh chuyin mdn, nd hfldng cho ngfldi hpc cdi nhin tdng thive sfl vdt, hi^n tflpng, hoan cdnh tdng quat va ti^ nit cai nhin vd danh gid cua bdn thdn Trong CMCN 4.0, bang cap khdng cdn la ylu td quylt dinh ddi vdi ngfldi hpc Ian ngfldi sfl dyng lao dpng Thay vao dd, nhflng ngflcfi cd nIn tang gido dye khai phdng tdt, tflc la c6 kiln thflc rdng ddng thdi hilu bilt sdu ve mpt chuyin nganh, tfl sdu sac, cd kha nang VX giai quylt vdn d l va phdi hop dflpc vdi ngfldi khac, si la mdu ngfldi dflpc tim kilm va ddnh gid cao Nhflng kiln thflc va ky nang thflc sfl can cho cdng vile se dflpc tiep thu bdng eon dfldng khdng chinh quy cdng nhilu; Bay la, ve mat qudn ly, cdc ca sd ddo t?o d nfldc ta can chuyen hfldng dan sang tfl chu td chflc va ho^t ddng, chfl ddng tim kiem eac ngudn Iflc ddu tfl bin ngoai, md rpng eac boat ddng ddu tfl liln danh, liln kit vd ngoai nfldc vl ddo tao, nghiln cflu khoa hpc Gd bd cac rao can de hfldng sfl ddu tfl cua cdc phan kinh te vao giao due ddp flng ylu cau vl ngudn nhdn Iflc phyc vy sfl phdt triln dat nfldc Ddi vdi viec hpc, can chuyen tfl hpc thudc, nhd nhilu sang hinh nang Iflc v|n dyng, thich nghi, gidi quyet van de, tfl ddc lap Khdng chi hpc sach vd, qua tdi Ulu ma phai hpe qua nhilu binh thflc khac nhfl qua trd chdi, hen he tfldng tac, eimg flng dam ddng, hpe qua dfl an Dac bilt, sinh vien la ngfldi lao ddng tfldng lai cdn thay ddi suy nghi hpc mdt Idn cho ca ddi bang vile hpe ea ddi de lam viec ca ddi Tuy hpe trflc tuyen khdng the thay t h i Idi hpc truyin thdng, nhflng nd cd vai trd ngdy cang quan trpng, ddc bilt la vile md rdng CO hdi tiep can giao dye Vai trd cfla ngfldi gidng vien ciing ddn thay doi, khdng cdn la ngfldi truyen dat tri thflc, ma chu yeu la td chflc qud trinh hpc tap efla sinh viln, khdi gdi tinh than hpc hdi vd hfldng ddn ve mat phflOng phap Gido dye dgi hpc CMCN 4.0 giflp boat ddng d^-y vd hpe dien mpi luc vd mpi ndi, giup ngfldi hpe ed the cd nhan hda, hoan todn quyet dinh vile hpc tap theo nhu cdu efla ban than Trfldng dai DAO TAO - Bdi DUCtNG hpc khdng chi Id ndi dao tao, nghiln cflu ma cdn la trung tdm ddi mdi sang tao, giai quyet cac van dl thflc tien, mang gia tri cho xa hdi Trfldng khdng chi ddng khung cdc bflc tfldng cfla giang dfldng, Idp hpc hay phdng thi i^hiem, ma phdi md rdng kit hpp vdi cde doanh nghilp, vdi thi trfldng lao ddng d l trd mdt h? sinh thdi gido due TAI Lieu THAM KHAO Alan Blinder, Afier the Music Stopped: The Financial Crisis, the Response, and the Work Ahead, New York: The Penguin Press, 24 Jan 2013 Clayton M Christensen (2015), The Innovator's Dilemma: When New Technologies Cause Great Firms to Fail (Management of Innovation and Change), Harvard Business School Press McKinsey 8c Company (1990), Valuation: Measuring and Managing the Value of Companies, John Wiley 8r Sons Sabina JESCHKE (2015), Changing the Game of Education, www.theGeniusWorks.com Graeme Wearden , Davos 2016: eight key themes for the World Economic Forum, Tuesday 19 January 2016 McAuley, B Stewart, G Siemens and D Cormier (2010), The MOOC Model for Digital Practice Thanh Thuy TUdng lai cua Gido due dqi hoc 4.0 tqi Viet Nam, The gidi Sc Vilt Nam, 25/7/2017 39 I Tap chf lOioa h p c N6i vu