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Joumal of Science of Haiphong University | Vol 4, No 17, p 83 92 DOI Mdi KIEM TRA, DANH CIA TRONG QUA TRJNH DAY HOC THUC HANH, THi NGHIEM PHAN GIAI PHAU VA SINH Ll'''' THUC VAT DOI Vdl HOC SINH CHUYEN SI[.]
Joumal of Science of Haiphong University | Vol 4, No 17, p 83 - 92 DOI Mdi KIEM TRA, DANH CIA TRONG QUA TRJNH DAY HOC T H U C HANH, THi NGHIEM PHAN GIAI PHAU VA SINH Ll' T H U C VAT DOI Vdl HOC SINH CHUYEN SINH Nguyen Thj Linh' Tdm tat Nghi quylt TW khod XII; ddi mdi kiem tra, ddnh gid nham thfle hien ddi mdi can ban dUdc tien hdnh dong bp vdi doi mdi kiem tra vd todn diln giao due Trong chfldng trinh ddnh gid nhdm ndng cao hiiu qud cua viic dqy trung hpc phd thdng vile doi hdi ddi mdi vd hgc Hinh thiic ddnh gid hUdng tdi phdt phfldng phap danh gia ddi vdi tat ca cae mdn trien nang lUc eua hgc sinh d hdu hit cdc nang hpc ndi chung, mdn Sinh hgc ndi rieng nham lUc chung vd ndng lUc chuyin biit; ddnh gid vi dat dflde nhing raue tiiu efla chUdng trinh Id ndng lUc thUe hdnh it dUdc di cap Bdi vietrat can thiet vd cap bdeh dl hod nhdp vdi qudc te ndy budc ddu xdc dinh thUc trqng viic dqy hgc Trong qua trinh day hpe thfle hdnh, thi thiie hdnh d ede trUdng chuyen vd thiit ki cdc dikiem tra dexdc dinh mUc dp ndng lUc nhdn nghiem d edc trfldng chuyin, dilu thuan ldi thiic eua hgc sinh trung hoc thdng sau nhit 11 hgc sinh, rat hflng thi, nhilt tinh hgc edc bdi thUc hdnh thi nghiim phdn Gidi tham gia cac tilt thflc hdnh thi nghiim Bdi phdu vd Sinh ll thUe vat, thong qua dinh le, vdi hpc sinh, tham gia vao qua trinh thflc hudng cho gido vien phUdng thdc thiit ki edu hdnh cung chinh la bat dau qud trinh tfl kham pha, tfl tim tdi, phdt hien Viec thUc hoi ddnh gid ndng lUc thiie hdnh ciia hgc sinh hanh giip cac em thodt khdi nhflng ii thuyet vd giup cdc nhd qudn li gido due eo thUdc "mdu xdm" khd khan, den vdi thUc te cudc chudn di ddnh gid hgc sinh hgc xong phdn sdng da dang, mudn mau Phat trien ndng lflc Gidi phau vd Sinh li thUe vdt thflc hanh cho hpc sinh day hpe sinh TU khod: ndng lUe, ddnh gid, ndng lUe hpc thdng qua vile ting cfldng td chflc cae boat ddng, hanh ddng hpc tap cho hpe sinh Id thUc hdnh, sinh U thUc vdt bien phap da dang hod ede hinh thflc day Mar dau hpc, tich cflc hod, boat ddng hod hpc sinh, Ddi mdi kiem tra, ddnh gia Id mdt han chl nhing gid hpc trln ldp nhdm chdn hai ndi dung ca bdn, mang tinh dot pha eia thfldng xuyln lap di lap Iai, gan hpc vdi hanh, gan kiln thflc Ii luan vdi thfle tien; la biln Viec doi mdi phUdng phdp dqy hgc phdi ' Sd Giao diic va Ddo tao Hai Phong TAPCHi KHOA HOC Vol 04, No 17 - 7/2016 Boi mdi kiem tra danh gia qua trinh day hpe thilc hanh, thinghiem phan GiSi phau va Sinh li thilc vat phap khic phue tinh trang qua coi trgng li thuyet vd xera nhe thflc hdnh, thfle tien Vile tiln hanh dinh gia nang lflc thflc hdnh sinh bge cia hgc sinh thdng qua he thdng edc clu hdi dflpc xiy dflng d ede m i c dd khac dl phin loai dflpc nang lflc efla hpe sinh Vin dl ndy khdng ehi dat ddi vdi mdi giao vien, moi trfldng hpc md edn vdi ea hi thdng Giao dpc phd thdng Noi dung nghien cufu 2.1 ThUc trgng viic gidng dgy thUc hdnh tbi nghiim vd kiim tra, ddnh gid qud trinh dgy hgc phdn Gidi phau vd Sinh li tbUc vdt cdc trUdng chuyin ThUc trang kilm tra vd ddnh gll mdn Sinh hpe d cae trUdng trung hpe phd thdng hien hlu nhU vin chl chu trpng vile truyin thu nhflng kiln thflc, rdi kilm tra Iai cic kiln thie saeh gido khoa dl hpe md it gan vdi thfle tien; phfldng phap kilm tra, ddnh gii chilm Uu thi van Id eae phUdng phap yeu eau hpe thude, diln giai mdt vSn dl, hoae nhd rapt quy ludt, rapt cdng thfle nhit dinh thude npi dung sdch gido khoa biln hdnh Chfldng trinh, ndi dung sach gido khoa khdng ddi gifl nguyin nhilu nam; dd, nam ndo cung khai thae kien thflc cd Saeh giao khoa dan tdi sfl trflng lap vl y tfldng, thudng ddnh gia kha nang hgc thupc kiln thflc Mot sd bdi tap ylu clu hpe sinh phdi nam chac nhflng edng thflc, khdng hpc thim thi khong tra ldi dflpc NhU vly khdng danh gia dfldc ndng lfle cfla thi sinh van dung vdo giai quylt cdc van de cia thflc tien, 2.1.1 Thuan Igi Bp Gilo dpc vd Dao tao cung da dfla khung chfldng trinh khd chi tilt vd eu the vl TRUdNG e^^l HQC H A I PHONG edc tiet thflc hanh thi nghiem, giup giao ^en cd ed sd tiln hanh giang day, tich hdp gifla li thuyet vdi thflc hdnh Ddng thdi, hiin xu hudng ddi radi kiem tra, danh gid cSc nha trUdng rat dUde ede cap quan Ii quan tdm, the hiin bang hdng loat cac edng van hfldng dan thfle hien, nhieu cudc tap huln giao vien da dupe td chflc pham vi rdng Nhflng nam gan day, nhd sfl cdi cich giio due, sd tiet thfle hanh da tang Iln, so tiln mua sam thiet bi day hpe da dfldc dau tfl nhieu hdn, vai trd cia ngfldi phu trdch thi nghiem ciing ed dfldc nang eao dang ke Cae trfldng trung hpc phd thdng, dae biet la cac trflffng Chuyin, da chfl tam xay dflng va dau tfl vdo cac phdng thi nghiim mdn Sinh hgc, bd tri gido viln phu trich thi nghiem riing cd chuyin radn nghiip vu Phin Gidi phau va Sinh li thfle vat chUdng trinh gido due raac du khdng dfldc sSp xip tip trung vl thdi gian ma rai rac d eae ldp hoc theo xu hfldng tiep can he thdng Tuy nhiln, cae bai thflc hdnh thi nghiim efla npi dung day hpc ludn hip din vi rit gan giii vdi thUc tien vd cd thi thUc hiin de dang, khdng ylu clu dilu kiln cd sd vlt ehlt qua ldn nln gido viln rit de td chflc thflc hien Dac bilt, chUdng trinh eia hpc sinh ehuyen Sinh hgc, ndi dung ndy da dflpc t6 chflc chuyin dl giip hgc sinh cd dflde nhflng hieu sau sac hdn Ngoai ra, cac Sd Gilo due va Ddo tao vd Bp Giao due vd Ddo tao da td chflc kha thfldng xuyln edc ki thi thflc hanh thi nghiim mdn Sinh hpc d d p trung hpe cd sd va trung hpe phd thdng Trong ki thi hpc sinh giii Nguyen Thj Linh cdc thi nghiira minh hpa cho bai hgc Hinh thflc kiem tra, ddnh gia e h i ylu Id hpe sinh tl, phin thi thUc hanh dl ngdy cdng dfldc chfl vilt bio eao md td vile thdc hanh vd nlu kit trpng Id tiln dl ddi mdi kiem tra, danh gia luan, giai thich Npi dung kiem tra, danh gid mdi chl ding d ede eau hdi ylu clu trinh bdy, qua trinh day vd hpc thflc hanh thi nghiim md td 2.1.2 Kho khan Qudc gia radn Sinh hpc dl Ifla chgn cic hpe sinh flu tu thara gia ki thi hgc sinh gidi Qudc Tuy nhien, thUe t l giang day cho thiy: Vile giang day thflc hdnh thi nghiim radn Sinh hpc hien cdn gap rat nhilu nhing khd khan VI phia nhd trUdng, cac cd s6 vat chat phdng thi nghiem da dUpc bd sung nhiing vdn chUa dap flng du yeu clu Nhieu thilt bi thi nghiera da eu, da hdng, hole chfla ding tieu chuan Ve phia Bg Giao due vd Ddo tao, khung chUdng trinh ehuan ddnh cho giao viln vd hpc smh mdi ehi neu dflde ndi dung giang day cdn each thie eu the thi edn hit sic sd sdi va chung chung Ben canh dd, d i da gia tang cdc tilt thflc hanh thi nghiera nhflng sd lupng dd van eon qua it so vdi phan li thuylt sdch gido khoa Vi thi, vile day thflc hdnh phu thugc phin ldn vao ddi ngu gido viln trflc tiep gidng day vl eao hdn la edng tdc qudn ll chat Ifldng d ting cfl sd trfldng hpe VI Nhflng dieu da dnh hfldng den viee gidng day thfle hanh thi nghiem mon Sinh hpc d trfldng trung hpc phd thdng Nd ddi hdi phai cd nhflng bien phap p h i hpp de phat huy thuan ldi va khac phue khd khan, nham ning cao chat Iflpng giao due va dao tao day hgc thflc hdnh Sinh hpc 2.2 Ddi tU^g vd pbUUng phdp nghien cuiu 2.2.1 Doi tuong nghien cUu Ddi tfldng nghiin cflu la qua trinh day hpc thflc hanh thi nghiera phin Giai phau vd Sinh li thflc vlt; cae cau hdi, bai tap nham mue dieh ddi mdi Idem tra, ddnh gia nang Ifle thUe hdnh cua hpc sinh 2.2.2 Phuang phdp nghien cUu - Cic phUdng phap nghiin eflu Ii luan: phan tich, tong hpp, he thdng hoi, khai quat hoa cae ngudn tfl lieu, lam ed sd dl xiy dflng cd sd Ii luan phia hpc sinh, rd rang, vile tilp thu Ii thuyet - Cic phfldng phdp nghien cflu thiie tiln: de ddng hdn vile ren luyen ki nang thflc hanh "• PhUdng phdp quan sdt: quan sat thfle trang cac hoat dong day va hpe thifc hdnh kien thflc tfl nhieu ngudn, cdn ki nang thflc efla gido viln va hpc sinh cic gid Sinh hdnh thi nghiim thi phdi tfl khara phd, rady hpc, dilu kien day vd hpc thflc hanh eia giio md va luyln tap thUe hdnh thue thi radi vien va hgc sinh d cac trUdng trung hpc phd thdng chuyen ed dat dflde nhflng ki nang cln thiet thi nghiem Bdi le, hpc sinh ed the thu thap Ddi vdi viee ddi mdi kilm tra, danh gia qua trinh day thflc hdnh thi nghiira hien hau nhfl ehfla thflc hien dflde vi giao viln vd hpc sinh chl dflng d raic dd Iam * PhUdng phdp diiu tra: trd chuyin vd phdng vin gido viln, hpc sinh, cac nhd qudn Ii giio due nham thu thap thdng tin ve cac phfldng phip day hpc, nang Ifle hpc tap va y TAP CHf KHOA HQC Vol 04 No 17 - 7/2016 Qoi mdi Idem tra, danh gia qua tiinh day hpe thile h^nh, thi nghiem phan Gidi phau va Sinh lithilc vat thflc hpc tap efla hpe sinh, ldm sang td eho trinh Phd thdng biln hanh vd chUdng trinh nhflng nhan dinh khdch quan vl kit qua danh eho hpc sinh ehuyen nghien eflu - PhUdng phap thfle nghiira sfl pham - Thfle t l day vl hpe thflc hdnh Sinh hoc hien eho thay khd nang nam vflng, sfl nham khang dinh.tinh hieu qud, tinh khd thi dung, van dpng cdc kiln thflc dl dflpc hoc eia gid thuylt khoa hpc dl tai da dat sach de giai thieh nhflng gi dang diln 2.3 Muc dich vd nguyin tdc thUc hiin thfle tien cudc sdng cdn rat han chl Do 2.3.1 Mucdich dd, sfl dung cac cau hdi theo hinh thflc ciia Thiet ke edc de kilm tra dl xdc dinh mflc PISA de kiem tra giflp eho vile chuyen doi tii nang Iflc nh|n thflc cia hpc sinh trung hpc phfldng thfle danh gia kien thflc sang danh gia phd thong sau hpe eae bdi thfle hanh thi nang Iflc cia ngUdi hgc cung la mpt xu hfldng nghiem phin Giii phlu va Sinh Ii thfle v|it phfl hdp Ddnh gid theo hinh thflc c6 the hien nay, t i dd tien hanh danh gii nang lfle tao cd hdi nhin nhan mdt each todn dien thflc hdnh Sinh hpe Kit qua xay dflng eic cau ve nhflng "ki ndng cd bdn", "nang lUc cd nhdn" hoi kiem tra, ddnh gid cae eau hdi phin raa hpe sinh dat dUpe, de tfl dd dfla cae bien loai dflde ndng Ifle eia hgc sinh nham giip: phap ddi mdi phfldng phap day bge va kilm - Gido viln xay dflng k l thilt kl ede de thi kiem tra thUdng xuyln va dinh ki day va hpc thflc hdnh Sinh hpc; tra, ddnh gid 2.4 Quy trinb thUchien Bude 1: Xae dinh chuan kien thfle, ki - Sfl dung cae eau hdi bo sung vao ngan nang, thdi dd efla bai hpc theo chfldng trinh hdng dl thi hpe sinh gidi mdn Sinh nham biln hanh T i xac dinh cac ki ning cua ddnh gia toan diln ddi vdi hpc sinh ea ve Ii nang Iflc thUc hdnh thi nghiim cd the hinh thuyet va thflc hdnh thdnh va phat triln eho hpc sinh qua - Sfl dung cae clu hdi de kiem tra tieh hdp nhdm kiem tra nang Iflc khoa hoc tfl nhiln cia hgc sinh phd thdng 2.3.2 Nguyen tac - Cde eau hdi ddac thilt ke dam bdo tinh khoa hgc, kien thfle dfla vdo chfldng trinh trinh day hgc ndi trln Budc 2: Xae dinh cic loai clu hdi/bdi tap ddnh gia nang lUc (kiln thfle, ki nang, thii do) cua hpc sinh bai hpc theo cae raflc ylu clu can dat, danh gia ki nang thfle biln ciia hpe sinh Sinh hgc trung hpc phd thdng ehuyin hi^n Budc 3: Biln soan cau hdi/bdi tap minh tai; phdn anh ding nang lflc eia hpe sinh hpa cho cae mie dl md td Vdi mdi miic trung hpe dp cia mdi loai can biln so^n nhilu cau - Cic dl thi phai dflpc Idem ching bang hdi/bai tap dl minh hpa thflc nghiem dfla trln cic minh chflng p h i hpp vdi edc tiiu chi cia Chuln efla chflong TRUdNG DAI HOC HAI PHPNG Nguyen Thj Linh 2.5 Mot so bdi tbUc bdnh minh boa (1) B A I THlTC H A N H Hinh thai hoa BUdc L Muc tiiu * Ddnh gid ki nang thao tde bang tay tren mau hoa Bai tap Tach riing edc thdnh phan cia hoa bfldi Sfl dung ghim d l ghim cae phin cia hoa len bang dflng mau: > Ghim da cam dflng dl ghim cinh dai > Ghim mdu trang dflng d l ghim trdng Budc Xae dinh loai eau hdi/ bdi tap va hoa (eanh hoa) > Ghim mau vang dung de ghim bao ki nang cln dat bdi tap bdi thflc hdnh tflpng flng phin > Ghim mdu tim dflng d l ghim ehi nhi vdi mflc cln dat cia ki nang nlu trln: Mflc - bai tip 1: Dinh gid ki nang nhan biet clu tao cd bdn cia hoa Id chdi r i t ggn, Mfle - bdi tap 2: Sau nhan biet ede phan eau tao cia hoa, tiep tue danh gia > Ghim mdu xanh Id cay dimg de ghim vdi nhuy > Ghim mdu xanh da trdi ding d l ghim dau nhuy ki nang thao tae bang tay tren mau (tach vd > Ghim mau den dung de ghim bau ghim eae phan eau tao) Bai tip 3: Dflng ki hiiu "x" dl ehi ehinh Mfle - bai tap 3: Bfldc dau danh gia ki xle kieu dinh noln blu cfla hoa bfldi: nang phan loai hoa efla hpe sinh thdng qua viee xic dinh kieu dinh noan Budc Xay diing cic clu hdi/ bdi tap danh gia Bdi tap Quan sat mlu hoa bfldi Diln ki hieu "'^" vao clu tra Idi dung eae clu sau: (i) Dinh noan bin (ii) Dinh noan trung tru (iii) Dinh noan vach (iv) Dinh noln gifla tfl (2)BAITHU'CHANH2 Nhan biet va phdn loai cac mau thflc vat cd hoa dfla vdo cdc dac dilm giai phlu va a Chi cd eae eanh dai tao nln (1) trdng hoa (2) ddi hoa (3) bao hoa hinh thdi Bi^dc i Muc tiiu * Dinh gia Id nang thfle hdnh lam tiiu bdn cat ngang edc phin cia thfle vat (4) dl hoa * Danh gia Id nang sfl dung kinh biln vi b Chi CO cic canh ddi tao nen vdng xoan eia vd quan sat mau (1) trdng hoa Budc Xae dinh loai clu hdi/ bll tap va (2) ddi hoa k! ndng cln dat (3) bao hoa (4) de hoa TAP CHl KHOA HOC Vol 04, No 17 - 7/2016 Boi mdi kiem tra, danh gia qua trinh day hpc thire hanh, thinghiem phan Giai phau va Sinh li thile vat Ket quS quan satflanh gia ki nang iam tieu ban eat ngang cae phan cua thilcvat Cau - : f l a n h gia kl nang nhan biet cau tao giai phau Ctf bhn di than; la, r l cda thifc vat va ki nang phan loai Cau 3: Mau eat khong quan sat difpc loi cat hoae nhupm hoae khong sis dung duac kinh hien vi Tich dung 15 Mdc Mau khong quan sat duoc Mc Quan sat diioc mau nhung co loi eae kl nang tren chUa thao Tich dung - Mile Mau quan sat tot, danh gia kT nang tot Tieh dung c3 MiJc Hgc smh dien dflng eae thong tin bang, danh gia ki nang quan sat tot, cd kh3 nang vin dung kien thDc If thuyet da hpe bai thuc hanh fianh gia kl nang sil' dung kmh hiin vi Gido vien gidi thieu edeh ldm : (1) Sfl dung dao lam, eat lat cit mdng theo chieu ngang radi mlu tfl den mlu (2) Dat cae mlu vfla elt Iln tam kinh mong (lam kinh) vd nho gipt toluen xanh len dl nhupm mau vd nhd gipt nfldc len mau dd (3) Day lamen mdng len mau vat (cd gang tranh de ed cdc bpt khi dat tam lamen) vd thim bdt thude nhupm thfla bang each dat gdc cia mdnh gily mdng vao canh eia lamen (4) Luc dau quan sit dfldi kinh hien vi vdl mat kinh phdng dai 4x vd sau dd tang Iln lOx hole 40x Quan sat clu true efla cde md dfldi kinh hiin vi TfiUONG OAI HOC H A I PHdNG Clu Dfla vdo ket qui quan sat cac mlu thflc vat tfl din 4, chpn chfl cli phu hdp cot ghi tfl "Tra ldi" vl diln chi cai dd vao c^t ghi rad/cd quan cdn bd trdng bang sau: Mau so Mau quan sat dupe Budc Xdy dflng clu hdi danh gii 88 Hgc sinh trd ldi cdu hoi: m\ts\ Mo/cdquan A = la B = than C = re D = cuong la Clu Quan sat mlu da Idm tfl s6 din Xae dinh dd Id mau efla thUe vat mdt la mam hay hai 11 mim va ghi clu trd ldi bang each ddnh diu "*^" vdo edt phfl hpp bing sau: MSu thac vat M6tlamam Hal Ij mam Cdu Khi hpc sinh hoan thdnh eau 2, dat tam kinh mdng vdi mau cat vd nhupm tot nhat Iln kinh hiin vi, dilu chinh tieu cfl cua kinh hien vl d l nhin rd mlu vat Giao viln se kiem tra mau cat va ki thudt cat mau eua hpe sinh (3)BAITHVCHANH3 Phat hien nguyen t6 khodng magie (Mg) dung dich tro thiic vlt Bude Xa.e dinh muc tiiu * Ddnh gia ki nang phat hien cac hoat ddng sinh li d thflc v^t * Danh gia ki nang sfl dung cac dung cu thflc hdnh thi nghiim Nguyen Thj Linh Bude Xic dinh loai eau hdi/ bai tap vd Id nang cln dat Vat lieu So SDnvj luong Hodclidt Phan thue hinh theo Cau tr3c nghifm 1, 2, hirdng dan: Sanh gia kl Oanh gia kf nang phat nang sCi: dung cac hien cac hoat dong sinh ti dung thuc hanh d thuc vat Milel Khong dat Sal ed cau Mile Qat Sung eau Mile Tot Sung ca cau Cdc budc tiin hdnh thi nghiem Bang cae phdn ing hod hgc die trUng si phdt hien sfl ed mat cua eae nguyin td khoang dfldi dang eae tinh the muoi, soi trln kinh bien vi ching cd hinh t h i nhit dinh liTtfng Dungcu Kinh hien vi CJi Cai Ben Cai Diem Hop Sua thijytmhnhfi, nhpn dau Cai Pipet nho gipt Cai Coc th£iy tmh loai 250ml dung Cai BOI NH4MgP044' + 2NaCl Budc 4: Quan sat de tim tinh thi mudi amoni magiephotphat ket tfla d trln lam kinh bang kinh hien vi, vdt kinh lOx Sau dd ve hinh md phdng tinh thi muoi quan sit dflde, md ta ngan gpn tinh the muoi vdo philu trd Idi Ngay sau hgc sinh hodn thdnh thi nghiem, gido viin xde nhan kit qud thi nghiem Trd ldi ede cdu hoi: nUdctrang pipet Gang tay Budc 3: Hd nhe lam kinh qua din edn cho phan flng de xiy Magie (Mg) dung dich tro Id MgCIz phdn flng vdi NH4OH vd Na2HP04 xay nhfl sau: So ibml tam kinh Budc 2: Cich gipt dich tro khodng 2em nhd rapt gipt dung dich natri hidrophotphat, Na2HP04 2% Lay dua thiy tinh nho, nhpn diu ndi liln gipt dieh tro va gipt dung dich natri hidrophotphat, gat di gat lai lan tao nhflng dfldng ndi mdnh Phan flng se xay d dfldng ndi liln gipt dich dd MgCh + NHj + Na2HP04 -^ Vdt lieu, hod chdt vd dung cu Lp khoang 1 Bude 1: Dung pipet nhd mgt gigt dich tro Iln Iam kinh, tilp tue nhd len trln dung dieh tro mdt gipt dung dieh NH4OH 10% dl trung hod axit dich tro Gidi thieu Dung dich tro thuc vat chiet bang HCI 10% Lp khoing 10ml Mau thflc vlt dem ddt hoan toan thdnh tro, cac nguyen t6 khodng dflde gifl Iai tro thUc vat Dem tro ndy boa trdn vao axit HCI 10% vdi ty 11 nhat dinh, sau chiet lly dieh Cae nguyin td khoang ed tro thfle vat se tdn tai dfldi dang raudi hoa tan dieh chiet Otfnvi Lo khoing 10ml DungdiehNa]HP04 2% Bfldc Xay dflng cdu hoi ddnh gia Vat lieu Dung dieh KK4OK10% Hay chpn mot phfldng an ding nhit de tra ldi cdc clu hdi trae nghiem sau day, ghi kit qua vao philu trd Idi: TAP CHl KHOA HOC Vol 04, No - 7/2016 Boi mdi kiem tra, danh gia qua trinh day hoc thuc hanh, thi nghiem phan Giii phau va Smh li thifc vat Cdu hdi 3.1 Sfl hut khoang d thfle vat bi anh budng thieu A anh sang xanh tim vd hdng dd eho quang hdp B khdng bao trung tim C nUde dat D vi sinh vat cpng sinh vdi rl cay E s i chenh lech ndng dich bdo vl ngodi mdi trfldng Cdu hdi 3.2 Vai trd eua magie ddi vdi thflc vlt la A Idm vflng chac te bdo vd md thfle vat B can cho phin giai chat beo C tham gia vd clu true cia vdng porphyrin D dilu chinh ddng md khdng E xie tae tdng hdp chip lpe ThUe nghiem sU pham Chflng tdi dl triln khai td chflc cac bdi kiem tra, danh gia eho 35 HS Idp 11 ehuyin sinh d trfldng THPT chuyin Tran Phi, Hdi Phdng 2015- 2016 qua trinh d^y bge ehuyin dl Sinh li thflc vat theo quy trinh da dera theo quy trinh ndy thi edc mic dp dat dfldc cia NLHT tang len theo eae bai thflc nghiem vd sfl tang cd ^ nghia Dilu dd chflng to id vile ddi mdi Idem tra, dinh gid cd tinh kha thi Sau thUe nghiim, kit qui chung eho thay cde ki nang thflc hdnh, thi nghiem co sil tang Iln ro ret theo ehilu hUdng tich cflc Ket luan va kien nghj 3.1 Ket ludn Ddi mdi phUdng phap kiem tra, danh gia vile day vl hpe thflc hanh sinh hgc; thdng qua thilt ke bai kilm tra, ddnh gid da phat huy tinh tich cflc, dde lap, sing tao cfla hpe sinh, tang cfldng thfle hanh, gan npi dung day viSi thfle tien euge sdng Vile thilt kl bdi thi danh gia radi ndy se tiln hdnh ddng thdi vdi doi mdi phfldng phdp day hpc sfl dyng phfldng tien day hpc radi Kl thfla vd phdt triln nhflng ra^t tich cflc phfldng phdp ddnh gia truyin thdng ddng thdi ap dung phfldng phap danh gid hien dai p h i hdp vdi ndi dung ddi radi sach gido khoa Thdng qua eae bai kiem tra ching tdi nhdn thiy: - Hpc sinh hflng thu hpe bai lam cho cac Sfl dung cdc bdi Idem tra dflde thiet ke em hang say hpc hdn vi cdc em da dflng kiln theo quy trinh ddi radi, ehflng tdi da ed the thfle saeh giao khoa de giai quylt cac van de bfldc diu dinh lfldng cac ki nang thflc hdnh thflc t l md cdc em gap phdi cfla hgc sinh, dd khoang 30% sd hpe - Trong qua trinh ldm bai hpc sinh phat sinh dat raflc 1, 50% sd hpc sinh dat mie va huy hit nang lflc eo dflpc de tra ldi cac cdu 20% dat mfle - Ddng thdi, tl 11 HS dat hdi trie nghiim ddn gidn, clu hdi complex dddc d cae mic d giai doan dau thfle (clu trac nghiim nhieu Iila chpn, clu dung nghiim trln eae tieu ehi chi ylu d mflc va sai, ghep - ndi, tra Idi ngan ) hpe sinh mfle 2, den gifla thfle nghiim vd cudi thflc khdng the doan md dflpc ma phdi van dung nghiim ti le HS dat mic tang Iln dang ke kien thie da hpc, cdc clu hdi md da giup Phan tich riing bilt mdt sd hpe sinh cung eho eho eae em dfla nhing nhan dinh dfla vdo thiy thdng qua cdc bai thUc hdnh dfldc thiet ke kiln thfle sach giao khoa dl dflpc hpc dl 90 TRUdNG BAI HOCHAI PHONG Nguyen Thi Linh - Xiy dUng kl hoach thUe hien viee ddi gidi quyet cdc tinh hudng thflc tiln ma cac em gap phdi - Kiem tra, ddnh gia bang cac cau hdi, bai mdi kilm tra, danh gia theo hudng phat trien nang lUc eia hpc sinh ddi vdl eae bai thUe banh tdp theo quy trinh dfldc thiet ke da van dung thi nghiim dfldc nhilu phUdng phdp ddnh gid khac nhau, 3.2.3 Doi vdi gido vien trac nghiem, quan sit, lam thi nghiim, dUa - Xay dflng ke hoach ddi mdi Idem tra, nhan dinh cua hpe sinh NhU vay, da ehuyen ddnh gid cho ed nhdn ddi vdi vile day hpc thflc t i ddnh gia ehu trgng din kiln thie sang hanh, thi nghiim dinh gia qua trinh, cdch thie hpc sinh nam - Tang efldng xiy dUng "Ngudn hpc lieu dUde kiln thflc dd nhfl thi nao chi trpng din md" (thu viln) edu hdi, bai tdp, de thi, ke hoaeh ki nang cd ban, nang lUe ea nhan bai day, tai Ulu tham khao cd chat Iflpng tren - De xay dUng eic bai thfle hanh nhara mang tai dia cbi: Idera tra, ddnh gid ning lfle cia hpe sinh can http:// truonghoeketnoi.edu.vn xac dinh rd dae diem ddi tfldng, bai hpe t i thflc hien theo quy trinh ddi mdi danh gia - Cd the sfl dung edc bdi kilm tra, danh gid TAILI$UTHAMKHAO Hd Sy Anh (2011), De xudt gidi phdp ddnh gid chdt lUdng hgc sinh phi thdng de bide diu phan ndng lUc thfle hanh cia Viit Nam, Ki yeu Hdi thao Khoa hgc Gido hpe sinh hgc tfl - m i c dp ciia moi ki nang due efla Bd Gido due va Dao tao, tap 1, 3.2 Kien nghi Hdi Phdng 3.2.1 Doi vdi cac cdp quan li - Ban Gidra hieu bam sat cdc van ban cia ddnh gid theo hUdng tiip can ndng lUc Tap dflng k l hoaeh thflc hien ddi mdi kiem tra, ehi Khoa hpc - Trfldng Dai hpc Sfl pham danh gia theo hfldng phat trien nang Ifle eia hpc sinh, tien hdnh trien khai tdi eae td, nhdm ehuyin mdn TP Hd Chi Minh, sd 50, tiiang 9/2013 OECD phdt hdnh tinh vUc khoa hgc nang Ifle ciia hpe sinh Le Van Hong (2011), MUc dp nghiin ciiu eong nghi gido due theo quan diem Thdy thiit ki - Trd thi cdng Ki ylu Hpi thao chuyin radn d l eing trao ddi, thdo luin nam Khoa hoe Gido dpc Viet Nam, Hdi Phdng chac ndi dung kilm tra, dinh gii hfldng tdi hinh thdnh va phat trien nang lfle efla hpc smb Bd Gilo due vd Ddo tao (2014), Tdi lieu tdp hudn PISA 2015 vd cdc dqng cau hdi hfldng ddi mdi phfldng phdp day hpe, tilp can 3.2.2 Doi vdi to, nhom chuyen mon - Td chic cdc eude smh boat td nhdm Bd Giao due vd Dao tao (2011), So tay PISA, Hd Ndi - Td chflc hudng dan vd trien khai cu the vile day hpc thfle hdnh thi nghiem theo xu Hd Sy Anh (2013), Tim hieu vi kiim tra, ddnh gid hgc sinh vd doi mdi kiem tra, Sd Gilo due va Ddo tao de v^n dung va xiy Phan Thi Thanh Hdi, Trln Khanh Ngpe (2015), Dinh hudng ddnh gid ndng lUc T A P C H I KHOA HOC Vol 04, No 17 - 7/2016 91 floi mdi kiem tra, danh gia qua trinh day hpe thuc hanh, thi nghiem phan Giii phau va Sinh h thue vat ngUdi hgc dqy hgc sinh hgc d trUdng IMPROVEMENT IN ASSESSMENT AND trung hgc cd sd, Ki yeu Hdi thao day hpe EVALUATION IN TEACHING PRACTICAL LESSONS AND EXPERIMENTS theo dinh hfldng hinh thdnh vd phdt triln nang lflc eho ngfldi hpc trfldng IN PLANT ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY thdng, Hd Npi Asbtract The innovative teaching methods must be carried out synchronously with innovative trinh phdt trien chUdng trinh gido due testing and evaluation in order to improve the thdng Viet Nam tii ndm 1945 din nay, Ki effectiveness of teaching and learning The ylu Hpi thao "Tdng kit nghiin eiu gido evaluation is generally based on capacity due phd thdng cia Vilt Nam va mdt sd development of students in such aspects as nfldc trln t h i gldl, de xuat hfldng nghien general capacities, specialized capacities; eiu tiep theo vl ddi mdi gido due phd however, the assessment of competence to thdng sau nam 2015 cfla Vilt Nam", Bd practice is slightly mentioned In the Gido due va Ddo tao, Hd Ndi framework of this article we, thereby, initially TU dien bach khoa Sinh hgc Nha xuat ban determine the current status of teaching Khoa hoc va Ki thult Ha Ndi, 2002 practice in schools and the design of the tests to identiiy the cognitive abihty level of high school students after doing laboratory experienmental exercises on anatomy and physiology of plants, through which teachers could design a method of constructing rational questions to evaluate students' competency in practice and it also helps educational managers to have accurate measurements in assessing students after their completion of the plant anatomy and physiology course Tran Kieu (2012), Mpt sd nhdn xet ve qud Keywords: competence assessment, practical capacity, plant physiology TRL/ONG BAI HOC H A I P H O N G ... nghiim mdn Sinh hpc d d p trung hpe cd sd va trung hpe phd thdng Trong ki thi hpc sinh giii Nguyen Thj Linh cdc thi nghiira minh hpa cho bai hgc Hinh thflc kiem tra, ddnh gia e h i ylu Id hpe sinh. .. thflc hdnh thflc t l md cdc em gap phdi cfla hgc sinh, dd khoang 30% sd hpe - Trong qua trinh ldm bai hpc sinh phat sinh dat raflc 1, 50% sd hpc sinh dat mie va huy hit nang lflc eo dflpc de tra... mdi phUdng phap kiem tra, danh gia vile day vl hpe thflc hanh sinh hgc; thdng qua thilt ke bai kilm tra, ddnh gid da phat huy tinh tich cflc, dde lap, sing tao cfla hpe sinh, tang cfldng thfle