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HUffNG DAN QUAN LI Sl/DUNG TIET Kt SUDUNG BON DO TU DUY HO TRO HOC SIW DOC HEU TflC P H m VON HOC TRONG MON NGO VON LOP 8 1, Bat van d^ Gan day, thudt ngu bdn dd tu duy (BDTD) trd ndn quen thudc vdi g[.]
HUffNG DAN QUAN LI Sl/DUNG TIET K t SUDUNG BON DO TU DUY HO TRO HOC SIW DOC - HEU TflC P H m VON HOC TRONG MON NGO VON LOP Pham Thi Hang J^^n Khoa hgc Gido due Vigt Nam 1, Bat van d^ Gan day, thudt ngu bdn dd tu (BDTD) trd ndn quen thudc vdi gido vien (GV) vd hpc sinh (HS), nd la cdng cy hiiu hifu hd tto ddi mdi phuang phap day hpc BDTD dupc diiih nghTa "/a hinh thicc ghi chep nhdm tim toi, ddo sdu, ma rgng mgt y tuang, he thong hoa mot chu de hay mgt mach kien thicc bdng each kit hgp viec sir dung dong thai hinh dnh, duang net, mdu sdc, chit viet vol su tich cue " Nhiing uu diem cua BDTD: giiip cho ngudi cd the tu logic, mach lac; true quan, de nhin, d l hieu, de nhd;nhin thdy "biic tta^h" tdng the md Iai biet chi tiet Vdi nhiing uu diern BDTD phu hgp vdi dac diem tdm sinh li cua HS phd thdng ndi chung vd HS ttung hpc co sd (THCS) ndi rieng GV cd the su dung BDTD nhu mdt phuang tien day hpc hd tig hieu qud ttong vifc truyen tdi kien thirc mdi; giiip md rpng y tudng, ddo sau kien thuc; giiip dao sdu, he thdng hda va dn tap kien thiic cho HS HS cd thd sii dyng BDTD nhu mdt phuong tifn ho ttp ttong vifc ITnh hdi kien thuc giiip cdc em ghi nhd nhanh, ghi nhd ldu, ghi nhd sau kidn thirc BDTD da dugc ling dung ttong day vd hpc d nhieu mdn hpc khdc d cac cap hpc khdc nhau, ttong dd cd mdn Ngy Van tdc phim van hpc cdm thy dupc van ban TPVH Theo quan nifm truydn mpt cdch hifu qua, GV cd thdng, d^y van chinh Id gidng the sii dyng linh boat nhieu van NghTa la, qud trinh day phuang phdp vd phuang tifn vd hpc van lay vifc cam thy day hpc khac Vdi nhiing ciia ngudi thay la trung tam, tinh nang uu vift cua BDTD thdy truyen dat nhimg dieu ttong ddi mdi phuong phap thdy hieu ve van bdn cho hpc day hpc van, bdi viet xin ttd nghe, it quan tdm den viec gidi thieu vifc thiet ke va sir hinh thdnh kT nang dpc hieu dung BDTD dd hd trp GV vd van ban cung nhu ty cam thy HS qud trinh dpc - hieu cdi hay cai dep cua tdc pham van bdn TPVH vdi nhirng vi van hpc (TPVH) ciia HS Theo dy minh hpa cu the d chuang quan nifm ddi mdi phucmg trinh Ngu Van phap day hpc van hien nay, Phan phdi chuang trinh Tran Dinh Sir cho rang "day Ngu van la 140 tiet/nam gom van chinh la day dpc van" GV phan mdn: Van hpc, Tieng chi la ngudi hudng dan cho Viet va Lam van Van ban van HS dpc van, lay vifc dpc cua hpc thudc phan mdn van hpc HS lam trung tam Nhu vay, bao gdm tac pham van xudi thi viec "dpc" luc ndy khong Viet Nam, tac pham van xudi phdi la thuat ngii chi hoat dpng nudc ngodi va tac pham tha thdng thudng ma dpc van Iuc Nhung tac pham van xudi deu la qud trinh ddi thoai giiia ngan gpn, la mdt truyen ttpn HS, GV vdi van bdn Ca HS, ven hoac mdt doan trich, cd bd GV deu Cling la ddc gia, cimg cue ro rang Nhung tdc pham Id chu the tiep nhan TPVH, tha cd gid tri cao ve mat ndi Cling ddi thoai vdi nhirng dieu dung yd hinh thiic Do do, GV nhd van gui gam dang sau van cd the thiet ke hoac ciing HS ban de tim den vdi cdi that, cai thidt kd BDTD cho tdt cd 12 dep va cdi thien Vifc dpc tir TPVH dd ho ttg HS ttong dd nham den myc dich cudi qud ttinh dpc - hieu van bdn cimg Id hieu van ban, song tac phdm ttong the gidi nghf thuat, ddng Do anh hudng ciia dac cdm vdi cudc sdng ttong van bdn, bieu dat dugc y tudng, trung the loai, vifc su dung cai hay cua van bdn Do vay, BDTD cho tac pham van xudi nang cao hieu qud dpc - hieu se khac vdi tac pham tho Ddi van ban TPVH ciia HS la mpt vdi tdc phdm van xudi, cd hoat ddng, la mdt khau cdn nhieu tieu chi de lam can cii thidt va quan ttgng frong mdi chpn "tu khda" vd phdn nhanh cho BDTD "Tir khda" d chinh gid gidng van giua BDTD cd thd la ten tac pham, ten doan ttich va cdc De dan dat HS dpc hieu vd BDTD h5 t i v HS d9C - hiiu Ng^ nh4n bdi 29/12/2012: Ngdy duy?! ddng 25/02/2013 TAP CHI THIET BI GIAO DUC-SO 91-03/2013 • 21 Hl/aNG DAN QUAN LI Sl/DUNG nhdnh dupc thidt kd phan chta dya vdo hh cyc, ket cau, ho§c dya vdo phuang difn tilp n h ^ npi dung vd nghf thu^t, ho^c dya vao kieu/loai nhan v^t xudt hifn ttong tac pham, Ciing cd ket hgp tat cd cdc tieu chi neu ttdn dl the hifn cdc nhdnh ttong BDTD Chang h^n, vdi truyfn "Cd b6 bdn diem" cua An-dec-xen (Ngir van 8, tap 1), sau ydu cau HS dpc vd neu bd cyc cua tdc phdm, GV cho HS l^p BDTD vdi "tii khda" Id ten tac phdm Dya theo bo cyc vd ngi dung van bdn, mdi phan van ban tuong duang vdi mgt nhanh chinh tren BDTD Do dd, chi can nhin vdo BDTD cac em cd the hinh dung dugc npi dung chinh cilng nhu dien biln ciia cau chuyfn M$t vi dy nu'a minh hpa cho vifc kit hgp cdc tidu chi tilp c^n trich do^n "Tuc nudc vo bd"ttongTdt ddn" cua Ngd Tat To (Ngir vdn 8, tgp 1) BDTD dugc xdy dyng vSi chii de chinh Id ten cua d o ^ trich, sau dd din nhdnh chinh ve: tdc gid, tdc pham; npi dung; nghf thu$t GV cho HS phdt bilu y kiln de xdy dyng nhiing nhdnh phy tuong ung vdi tung npi dung, dien bien cua doan trich Ngodi sy khdc bift ve dac trung thi logi thiet ke BDTD cho tdc pham van xudi vd tho, GV can tim hilu dac tnmg ngi dung cua timg tdc phdm de thilt kl BDTD cho phli hgp Ke cd cimg Id truyfn nhung cd nhung tac Hinh 22 • TAP CHI THIFT BI GIAO DUC-SO 91-03/2013 phdm cd till dya vdo b6 cyc (theotiinhty cat ngang) nhung cimg cd tdc pham igi phdi dya vdo cdc mach truyfn hogc tinh tilt, sy ki^n, hogc nhan vat (theo ldt cat dpc) dl Iam tieu chi phan nhanh cho BDTD De cd sy tham gia cua HS vdo qud tiinh thilt kl BDTD, GV cd till ti; lgp BDTD cdn thilu thdng tin hogc GV gpi md cho HS ty diing biit chl, but mdu ve tiep vdo cac nhdnh theo cdc tieu chi tim hieu van bdn tdc pham Ngodi ra, cung cd the cho HS tiep cgn van bdn TPVH va ty lgp BDTD cr nhd Khi len ldp, GV cho cac em thdo luan nhdin, cho tung nhdm trinh bay de cdc nhom khdc nhan xdt Chi vdi nhimg phuang tifn nhu: bia, gidy, but chi, but mdu, phan mdu., HS cd the ty ve dugc BDTD; ket hgp vdi nhung hudng dan, ho sung ciia GV, HS thara khdo va bo sung vdo BDTD ciia mmh neu can Khi HS da hieu, biet cdch lap BDTD, sau HS dpc tdc phdm, GV chi can yeu cau HS lap BDTD vdi cuni td ttung tam la ten tac pham (chang han "Co be bdn diem") de HS thda sue sang tao, cac em ty trinh bay tdc phdm tiiong qua BDTD COng cd the cho timg em; tdng nhom len trinh bdy "san phdm" cua minh trudc cd ldp vd cho HS khdc; nhdm khdc nhdn xet, bo sung Cudi cung GV nhfm xet, bd sung nhung sai sdt (neu cd) va cho HS tham khdo BDTD (hinh 1) Tuy nhien, khdng phai TPVH nao, gid hgc gidng van ndo GV cung phai tiiilt kl va sir dyng BDTD Tiiy vao nfi dung timg van bdn van hpc ma GV lya chpn cho HS ldp Jiem tiep trang 2S HUONG DAN QUAN Li Sl/DUNG mit "Stop" dl dimg chuyen dpngj neu cho tay quay dung chuyen dpng d diem B' vd B" ta thay trugt d diem C vd C" tuong ling Qua quan sdt HS cd the ty nit nhgn xdt: "Qua ttinh chuyen dpng trdn cua tay quay dugc bien thdnh chuyen dpng tjnh tien qua lgi cua trugt" va hinh dung dupc nguyen li ldm vifc cua CO cdu tay quay - trugt (Hinh 3) Neu chi quan sdt tten ttanh ve tTnh thi khdng nhirng GV phdi mat nhidu thdi gian cho viec giai thich md HS ciing rat khd de cd the hinh dung va dua nhdn xet chinh xdc Nhu vgy vifc ung dyng phdn mem Macromedia Flash ttong dgy hgc mdn Cdng nghf hd ttg dgy hpc rdt tich cyc va hifu qud Vifc GV cd the ty thilt kl nhirng file thilt bi difn tir cho bdi gidng cua minh Id rdt cdn thiet, giup nang cao filing thil, khd nang tu duy, nhgn thuc ciia HS Tai lifu tham khdo Dang Thi Thu Thiiy, Nguyen tdc, Quy trinh thiet ke thiet bi dgy hgc mon Todn, Tap chi Thiet bi gido dye sd 53 (thang 1-2010) Sach giao khoa mdn Cdng nghf 8, NXB Gido due m i r Ki, Sii DUNG BAN D6 TU DUY BDTD rapt cdch Imh hoat vd hpp li ve thdi diem, each thiic td chuc hoat ddng day hoc vdi BDTD, Ket luan Viec ddi mdi phuong phap day hqc Ngii v ^ di ddi vdi vifc ddi mdi thidt bi day hpc dang Id mpt ttong rdiiing vifc ldm can thiet ddi vdi mdi GV Vdi phdn mdn Van hpc, vifc dpc - hieu van bdn TPVH Id rat quan frpng; dd, vdi vai frd Id ngudi hudng dan, GV td chiic hogt dpng day hpc de HS biet cdch tiep can tac pham, tini dugc cdi hay, cai d?p bang chinh su hieu biet cua cdc em Trong qua trinh dpc hilu van bdn TPVH, GV thilt ke va ling dyng BDTD mpt each linh hogt, phu hgp va hifu qud, vira phdt huy vai ttd ddng chu the tiep nhan TPVH ciia HS vira giiip HS cd thi de dang nam bat dugc nhiing npi dung an chiia radi tdc pham, hiing thu va cdi thifn kha nang cdm thu van hpc cua minh Qua nhimg hogt dpng "hgp tac" giua GV vd HS ttong vifc thiet ke va su dyng BDTD giup HS ttanh dugc cam gidc "nhdra chan", chu ddng ttong qud ttinh xay dyng bdi, gdp phan ddi radi phuong phap day hpc mdn Ngu van d trudng phd thdng./ Tai lifu tham khdo Tran Dinh Chau, Dang Thi Thu Thiiy, Thiet ke, sir dung ban tu dgy hgc kien Ihuc mai a mon Todn Tap chi Gido due, Sd 252, 2010 Tran Dinh Chau, Dang Thi Thu Thiiy, Dgy tot - hgc tot cdc mon hoc bdng bdn tuduy NXB Gido due, 2012 Nguyen Thanh Hiing, Trdn Dinh Sir, , Thiet ke bdi dgy Ngir van THCS NXB Giao dye, 2010 • TAP CHi THIFT BI GIAO DUC-sd 91-03/2013 Vift Nam http://www.adobe.com Summary Macromedia Flash software is graphical software allows creation of dynamic simulation in a lively, atttactive This article gives examples of the application of Macromedia Flash sottware to design the dynamic simulation in teaching Technology subject It enhances Uie excitement, thinking abilities and awareness of leamers, contributing to improving the quality of teaching (Tiep trang 22} Summany Mind Map is one of effective tools in innovation of teaching methods, including the subject of Language and Literature Based on the perspective of the studentcenter in comprehensive reading of literary text ia Literature lesson, this report suggests die use of Mind Map in supporting reading comprehension of literary text for tiie stiident The suggestion of making mind map that is appropriate with literary genres, teaching and leaming activities is given and then illustrated by some mind map examples of literary work at grades ... Tap chi Thiet bi gido dye sd 53 (thang 1-2010) Sach giao khoa mdn Cdng nghf 8, NXB Gido due m i r Ki, Sii DUNG BAN D6 TU DUY BDTD rapt cdch Imh hoat vd hpp li ve thdi diem, each thiic td chuc hoat... kit hgp cdc tidu chi tilp c^n trich do^n "Tuc nudc vo bd"ttongTdt ddn" cua Ngd Tat To (Ngir vdn 8, tgp 1) BDTD dugc xdy dyng vSi chii de chinh Id ten cua d o ^ trich, sau dd din nhdnh chinh ve:... thilt bi difn tir cho bdi gidng cua minh Id rdt cdn thiet, giup nang cao filing thil, khd nang tu duy, nhgn thuc ciia HS Tai lifu tham khdo Dang Thi Thu Thiiy, Nguyen tdc, Quy trinh thiet ke thiet