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Gia N g h i e n ciJu d i n h va G i a i So - 1 Mgt so van 0e long ghep giai xay dung Luat Phdng, chong mua ban nguai Le Ngoc Hung Vien Xa hoi iipc, Hoc vien Ciiinh tri - Hanii chinh Quoc gia Ho Chi Minh Ldfi T o a s c a n : Viec long ghep gi6i van b a n p h a p luat da dUdc ((uy dinh L u a t Binh d a n g gioi n a m 2006 va L u a t Ban h a n h van b a n quy p h a m p h a p luat n a m 2008 (l.iy ban Cac van de xa hoi cua Quoc hoi, 2009) Toa soan xin t r a n t r g n g gi6i thieu bai viet dUdi day vdi nhuing p h a n tich ve van de long ghep gidi t r o n g p h a p l u a t phong, chong m u a ban ngUdi va mot so phUdng h u d n g long g h e p van de binh d a n g gidi t r o n g Du t h a o L u a t P h o n g , chong m u a ban ngUdi d a n g dUdc tich cUc h o a n thien de t h o n g q u a t a i Quo'c hoi thdi gian tcii Tac gia cho r a n g dieu kien thUc te d Viet N a m hien nay, t a p t r u n g hUdng vao phong, c h o n g m u a ban phu niii va m u a ban tre em gai chinh la yeu cau va noi d u n g cd b a n cua viec long ghep gicli t r o n g xay dUng L u a t Phong, chong m u a b a n ngUdi d a n g t h u h u t sU q u a n t a m , chu y cua dU luan xa hoi nUdc va qud'c te TU k h o a : Long ghep gidi; L u a t Phong, chong m u a ban ngUdi; M u a b a n p h u nd va tre em Thirc trang long ghep van de gi6i xay dimg Luat Phong, chong mua ban ngUdi Viec " l o n g g h e p van de binh d i n g gidi xay d u n g van b i n quy pham p h a p luat" k h d n g cdn la m o n g m u d n chii quan ciia ca nhan hay 12 Nghien cUu Gia dinh va Gidi Quyen , so 2, tr 11-22 nhdm ngudi nao ma da dtrgc the che hoa "nguydn tic ea bin ve binh ding gidi" Luat Binh ding gidi (2006), dieu khoin Cac Dieu 20, 21 va Dieu 22 cua luat cdn quy dinh rd cac each lhii:c dim bio long ghep van de gidi viec hoan thien he thd'ng phap luat (Uy ban Cae van de xa hdi ciia Qude hdi, 2009) Do vay, can phii thudng xuyen nghien cdn danh gia thtrc trang gidi, phat hien van de gidi va dd xuat cac phuang hudng, giai phap van dd gidi, long ghep van de binh ding gidi pham vi dieu ehinh ciia cac (du thao) luat, nhat la giai doan soan thio, chuan bi thdng qua lual Vdi tinh thin nhu vay, bai viet cd muc dich phan lich van de long ghep gidi phap luat phdng, chdng mua ban ngudi va ggi mdt sd phuang hudng long ghep van de binh ding gidi Du thio Luat Phdng, chdng mua ban ngudi dang dugc tich cue hoan thien de thdng qua tai Qud'c hgi thdi gian ldi Du thao Lual Phdng, chdng mua ban ngudi (van bin cudi thang nam 2010) gdm chuang vdi 52 didu dang dugc tiep luc ehinh sua va hoan thien de trinh Qud'c hdi thdng qua thdi gian ldi Do vay viec lim hieu, phat hien, phan lich nhtrng van de gidi pham vi dieu chinh ciia luat la quan trgng va can thiet de gdp phan long ghep van dd binh ding gidi du thio luat dang dugc xa hdi rat quan tam Luat cd Dieu "Giai thich id ngu" gdm 10 ttr ngtr, nhung khdng giii thich tu ngtr "mua ban ngudi" \'a ldi giii thich "nan nhan la ngudi bi mua ban" rat so sai, khdng rd rang Dac biet Dieu khdng cd mdt ldi giai thich nao lidn quan tdi van de gidi, phu nil va Ire em, dai da sd cac cudc mua ban ngudi bi phat hien xtr ly cho den d Viet Nam la "mua ban phu nil" va "mua ban Ire em" Do vay, cd the ndi day la Du thio Lual Phdng, chdng mua ban ngudi ndi chung, "Iriru tugng", thieu van de binh ding gidi, khdng thuc le va vay se khd di vao cudc sdng Trong dd, ve nguyen lie, lual phii nhim dieu chinh nhiing gi phd bien, thudng xuyen xiy chir khdng phai nhim dieu chinh nhiing cai chung chung, trilu tugng, phi thtrc le, hoac tirng trudng hgp ea biet Phan lich each su dung nhiing ti^r ngil' dac trirng cho long ghep van de binh ding gidi van bin phap luat, vi du nhu thuat ngtr "gidi", "gidi tinh", "binh ding gidi", "ba't binh ding gidi", "phu nil", cd the nhan thay Du thio Lual Phdng, chdng mua ban ngudi rat it su dung nhung thuat ngCr nhu vay Cu the, Du thio chi mdt lin nhic den "bat binh ding gidi" Le Ngoc Hiing Dieu "Nguyen tic phdng, chdng mua ban ngudi" Nhu vay Lual mdi chi coi "bai binh ding gidi" la ddi tugng phai phdng, chdng, chtr khdng coi "binh ding gidi" la nguydn tic phdng, chdng, dd Luat cSn bd sung "binh ding gidi" mdt cac nguydn tie co bin ciia phdng, chdng mua ban ngudi 13 Oieu Nguyen tac phong, chong mua ban ngUdi Phat huy vai tro, trach nhiem cua ca nhan, gia dinh, cong dong, ca quan, to chLfc dau tranh phong, chong mua ban ngudi Ket hop chat che phong, chong mua ban nguai vdi viec thuc hien chuang trinh phat trien kinh te - xa hpi, xoa doi Khai niem "ddi tugng la phu nu" ehi dugc xac dinh mdt lan Dieu "Thdng tin, giao due truydn thdng ve phdng chdng mua ban ngudi" Nhung cae hoat ddng phdng chdng khac khdng xac dinh rd dd'i tugng nao giam ngheo, phong, chdng bao luc gia dinh, bai binh dang giai, phong, chong mai dam va cac te nan xa hoi khac Cac dac diem "gidi tinh" dugc nhic den hai lan Dieu 25 va Didu 36 ndi ve viec hd trg cac nhu cau thiet yeu ddi vdi nan nhan "Phu nil" dugc nhac lan thir hai Dieu 30 quy dinh ring nan nhan dugc xem xet tao dieu kien vay vdn til "Quy hd trg phu ntr ngheo" Thue ra, Luat ed the phii quy dinh rd la nan nhan phu nu' dugc xem xet tao dieu kien vay vdn ttr "Quy hd trg phu nil ngheo" Ttr thirc trang sir dung eae thuat ngil ve gidi nhu neu tren, cd the nhan xet ring viec Idng ghep van de binh ding gidi Du thao Luat Phdng, Dieu Thong tin, giao due, truyen thong ve phong, chong mua ban chdng mua ban ngudi la chua diy du, tham chi la rat sa sai, ngheo nan Ndi ngUdi each khac, Lual chua the hien day Chu trpng cong tac thong tin, giao dii cac quy dinh phap luat ve binh due, truyen thong ve phong, chong mua ban nguai doi vdi doi tupng la ding gidi dang hien hanh d Viet Nam phu nil, thieu nien, nhi dong, hpc sinh, sinh vien va nhurng ngudi cu tru tai khu vuc bien gidi, vung nong thon, vung sau, vung xa, vung co dieu kien kinh te kho khan Neu can cir vao thuc trang diSn bie'n cac vu mua ban ngudi ma chti yeu la mua ban phu nil va Ire em d Viet Nam thdi gian qua thi cd the ndi ring Du thio Luat Phdng, chdng mua ban 14 Nghien cUu Gia dinh va Gidi Quyen 21, so 2, tr 11-22 ngudi chua phin anh va Dieu 25 Ho trd cac nhu cau thiet yeu vay khd ed the dap iing Trong trudng hap can thiet, nan nhan, nguai can dugc cac yeu cSu thuc te dugc xac minh la nan nhan dugc bo tri ch6 o tam cua phdng chdng mua ban thdi, dugc h5 trg ve an, mac va cac vat dung ca ngudi d Viet Nam hien nhan can thiei khac tren ca so can nhac den cac Can ndi ring, mac dii dac diem ve Itra tudi, gidi tinh, tinh trang strc khoe gan day da phat hien thay Neu ho CO nguyen vong tra ve dia phuang thi duoc cac vu mua ban nam gidi, h5 trp tien tau xe va tien an thdi gian di nhung thdi gian tdi, duang md hinh mua ban ngudi d Dieu 36 Trach nhiem cua ccf sd bao trd xa hoi, Viet Nam cd le vSn chii yeu cdscf ho trd nan nhan la mua ban phu nu' va Ire em Do vay, Lual Phdng, Tiep nhan va cung cap noi luu trti cho nan nhan, chdng mua ban ngudi phii nguai can dugc xac minh la nan nhan cd nhu'ng quy dinh tap trung Thuc hien che dp ho trg cac nhu cau thiei yeu, vao phdng chdng mua ban cham soc y te va h5 trg tam ly cho nan nhan sau phu nil' va tie em chtr khdng tiep nhan phti hgp vdi lua tudi, gidi tinh, nguyen phii quy dinh chung chung vpng cua ho va kha nang dap ung cua ca so la mua ban ngtrdi Cd the phii xem xet mdt sd bing eht'rng neu ehinh Td trinh Chinh phii Bd Tu phap chuin bi de thay rd hon su Dieu 30 Trd cap kho khan ban dau can thiet phii long ghep gidi va phii ed va ho trd vay von nhiing quy dinh tap trung phdng chdng Nan nhan co nhu cau vay vdn de mua ban phu ntr san xuai, kinh doanh thi dugc xem xet, tao dieu kien vay vdn tu Ngan Van de gidi pham vi dieu hang Chinh sach xa hpi, Quy hd tra chinh cua Luat Phong, chong mua phu nu ngheo va cac quy khac theo ban ngu'di va yeu cau dat doi quy dinh cua phap luat vdi viec long ghep van de binh dang gidi Tinh hinh mua bdn phu nU vd tre em ndm qua Van de gidi pham vi dieu chinh eiia Luat Phdng, chdng mua ban ngudi la van dd mua ban phu ml va tre em gai Do vay cin phan tich iinh hinh mua ban phu nil va tie em de phat hien va phan lich N'an dd gidi can dugc dieu chinh bdi Lual Theo Td trinh Chinh phii \'e Dtr an Luat Le Ngoc H u n g 15 Bang I So lirgng va ti le cac vu mua ban nguoi voi doi tuong va nan nhan, nam 2004 -2009 Cac vu mua ban Doi tuong mua ban Sd lirong So' luong Tile Tile Nan nhan mua ban So' luong Tile Mua ban phu nir 121X 76.x 2310 xo.o 3019 7.\3 Mua ban tre em 191 12,0 26X y,3 310 12,3 Mua ban ca phu ntr va tre em 177 11,2 30 10,7 49X 12,4 15X6 m 2XXX 100 400X 100 Tong cong Nguon: Tac gia tinh loan theo so lieu To trinh Chi'nh phii ve Dir an Luat Phong, chong mua ban ngitdi Bo Tu Phap chuiin hi thang 7/2010 Phdng, chdng mua ban ngudi Bd Tu Phap chuin bi thang 7/2010 (Bd Tu phap, 2010), nam thuc hien Chuang liinh 130/CP c i nude da xiy 1586 vu mua ban ngudi vdi 2888 ddi lugng va 4008 nan nhan Trong dd, cac vu mua ban phu ntr chiem gin 77% vdi sd lugng ddi tugng chiem 80% tdng sd eae ddi tugng tham gia mua ban va hon 75% nan nhan la phu nil Sd vu mua ban tie em xay it hon (chiem 12%) vdi sd ddi tugng it hon (chiem hon 9%) va sd nan nhan cung it hon (hon 12%) (Bing 1) Cac sd lieu d bing cho tha'y trung binh cir 10 vu mua ban ngudi ed 18 ddi tuang tham gia va 25 ngudi la nan nhan Cu 10 vu mua ban phu nil cd 19 ddi tuang va 25 nan nhan Nhtrng 10 vu mua ban tie em cd 14 ddi tugng va 16 nan nhan tie em Vdi net ve tinh hinh plidt hien vd xu ly cac vu mua bdn phu nu va tre em Trong cac vu mua ban ngudi neu tren, luc lugng cdng an va luc lugng bidn phdng kham pha dugc 1292 vu (chiem han % tdng sd vu mua ban ngudi) vdi 2257 ddi tugng (chiem hon 78% tdng sd ddi tugng) Theo Bd Tu phap, sd vu mua ban ngudi vdi cac ddi tucmg bi cac luc lugng cdng an va bien phdng kham pha nhu vay mdi chi chiem khoing 10-15% tdng sd eac vu mua ban ngu'di tren thuc te 1 Nghien curu Gia dinh va Gidi Quyen 21, so 2, tr 11-22 Bang So vu mua ban vdi sd cac ddi tugng bj kham pha nam (2004-2009) Cong an kham pha Bien phong kham pha Tong cong Vu mua ban Sd lirong Ti le 933 72.2 359 27.8 1292 100,0 Doi tuong mua ban So krgng Ti le 1688 74,8 569 25,2 2257 100,0 Nguon: Tac gia tinh toan theo so lieu To tiinh Chi'nh phii \'i Du an Luat Phong chdng mua ban ngirai Bo Tu phap chuein bi thang 7/2010 So lieu d bing cho tha'y tdng so 1292 vu mua ban phu nil va tre em bj cac luc lugng cdng an va bidn phdng kham pha vdng nam (2004-2009), han mdt phan tu sd vu luc lugng bidn phdng kham pha Dieu cd nghia la cac vu mua ban ngudi cd "yeu td nude ngoai" va vay rai phirc tap phat hien, xu ly cae ddi lugng va hd trg nan nhan Bd Tu phap cung cho bidi nam thtrc hien Chuang trinh 130/CP cae Vien Kiem sat Nhan dan cac cap mdi truy id dugc tdng cdng 742 vu mua ban phu nQ va tre em vdi 1504 ddi tugng, Irong dd sd vu mua ban phu nil chiem khoing ba phin tu (75,9%) vdi sd ddi lugng mua ban phu nil' cung chiem gan ba phan tu (74%) long sd cac ddi tugng (bing 3) Nhu vay, neu so sanh vdi sd vu mua ban va sd ddi lugng mua ban da bi cac luc lugng cdng an va bien phdng kham pha, thi Vien Kiem sat Nhan dan cac cap mdi truy id duge han 57% sd vu mua ban phu nu' va tre em vdi han 66% sd cac ddi tugng mua ban Neu so vdi tong sd 1218 vu mua ban phu nu (trong bing 1) thi Vien Kiem sat Nhan dan cac cap mdi chi truy td duge 46% sd vu mua ban phu ntr giai doan nam thue hien Chlrang tiTnh 130/CP Nhu'ng sd lieu ma Bd Tu phap neu Td trinh cho thay mdt thuc te la ndi den mua ban ngudi thi chinh Bd Tu Phap chi ndi den mua ban phu ntr va Ire em dd mua ban phu ntr chiem gan ba phan tu sd vu Le Ngoc Hung 17 Bang Sd vu va sd ddi tugng da bi Vien Kiem sat Nhan dan cac cap truy td Mua ban phu nu Mua ban tre em TOng cpng Cac vu mua ban So lugng Ti le 75.9 563 24,1 179 too 742 Doi tuong mua ban So krgng Ti le 1116 74 388 26 1504 100 Nguon: Tac gia tinh loan theo so lieu To trinh Chinh phii \'i Dir an Luat Phong chong mua ban nguai Bo Tu Phap chuiin bi thang 7/2010 mua ban, sd ddi lugng mua ban va sd nan nhan mua ban Cae luc lugng cdng an va bidn phdng mdi chi kham pha dugc mdt phan nhd, khoang 1015% sd cac vu mua ban ngu'di ma thuc te la mua ban phu ntr va Ire em Ddng thdi Vien Kiem sat Nhan dan cac cap cung chi truy td dugc gan mdt nua sd vu mua ban phu nu sd nhung vu mua ban ma Bd Tu phap da neu Rd rang la Luat Phdng, chdng mua ban ngu'di phai Idng ghep van de gidi bing each phii cd nhu'ng quy dinh true tiep ve phdng, chdng mua ban phu ntr Day la mdt yeu cau ca'p bach xuai phat til chinh thuc le dien bie'n phue tap cac vu mua ban ngudi ma chii yeu la mua ban phu ntr va Ire em thdi gian qua va thdi gian tdi d Viet Nam Xuat phat lir yeu cau cap thiei til' thuc lien nhu vay dc xem xet Dtr thao Lual thi cd the thay rd la Dir thao chua long ghep dugc van de gidi Neu xet ky hon se thay la Du thao ehua xay dung va ap dung dugc bien phap nao ggi la bien phap cap bach lam thdi phdng, chdng mua ban phu nfr nhu Luat Binh ding gidi da quy dinh Khung ly luan cua viec long ghep van de binh dang gidi xay dung Luat Phong, chong mua ban ngu'di Khung phdp ly ciia Hing ghep gidi Trdn phuang dien phap ly qudc le, Viet Nam la mdt vien tham gia CEDAW, vay Viet Nam cin phii ban hanh phap luat xoa bd mgi hinh thirc mua ban phu ntr theo quy dinh tai Dieu cua Cdng ude Ndi Nghien curu Gia dinh va Gidi Quyen 21, so 2, tr 11-22 each khac, phap lual phdng chdng mua ban ngudi can phii nhim vao viec xoa bd mua ban phu nil' Ve ca sd phap ly nudc, viec long ghep gidi vao Du thio lual phii can cil vao he thd'ng phap lual Viet Nam eu the la eac quy dinh cua Lual Binh ding gidi va eac lual lien quan Cong Ude quoc te ve xoa bo moi hinh thu'c phan biet do! xu" vdi phu ni? (CEDAW) Dieu 6: Cac nudc tham gia Cong ude pfiai ap dung moi bien phap thich hgp, ke ca bien phap phap luat de loai bo moi hinh thuc buon ban phu nu va boc lot phu nulam mai dam Mac dti Bd Tu Phap da ndu rd cac ca sd phap ly cua Du thio Luat Phdng, chdng mua ban ngudi nhu Hien phap, Luat Hdn nhan va Gia dinh, Lual Hinh su, Luat Binh ding gidi, Lual Phdng, chdng bao luc gia dinh, nhung cd the nhan thay Du thio khdng ap dung dugc dieu gl dang ke ttr Luat Binh ding gidi va Lual Phdng, chdng bao luc gia dinh Bd Tu Phap cung ndu rd ten mdt sd van bin lam ca sd xay dung Du thio luat nhu: Quyei dinh sd 130/2004/QD-TTg, 14 thang nam 2004, phe duyet Chuong trinh Hanh ddng phdng, chdng tdi pham budn ban phu nil, tre em lir nam 2004 den nam 2010, sau ggi lit la Chuang trinh 130/CP Quyei dinh sd 312/2005/QD-TTg 30/11/2005 phe duyet cac dd an thudc chuang tiTnh 130/CP; Nghi dinh sd 69/2006/ND-CP 21/7/2006 sua doi, bo sung Nghi dinh sd 68/2002/ND-CP (nam 2002) vd hdn nhan va gia dinh cd yeu td nudc ngoai; Nghi dinh sd 126/2007/ND-CP 01/8/2007 quy dinh chi tiei hudng dan thi hanh mdt sd dieu eiia Lual Ngudi lao ddng Viet Nam lam viec d nudc ngoai; Nghi dinh sd 144/2007/ND-CPngay 10/9/2007 quy dinh xtr phat hanh chi'nh hoat ddng dtra ngudi Viet Nam di lam viec d nudc ngoai; Thdng tu hen tich sd 09/2006/ ^ITLT-BLDTBXH-BCA-VKSNDTCTANDTC 04/8/2006 eiia Bd Lao ddng, Thuang binh va Xa hdi-Bg Le Ngoc H u n g 19 Cdng an-Vien Kiem sat Nhan dan tdi cao- Toa an Nhan dan Tdi cao hudng dan viec truy eihi trach nhiem hinh su ngudi cd hanh vi \i pham phap luat linh vuc xuat khiu lao ddng d nudc ngoai Quyei dinh sd 17/2007/QD-TTg 29/01/2007 vd ban hanh Quy che tie'p nhan, hd trg lai hda nhap cdng ddng eho phu nil, tre em bi budn ban til nudc ngoai trd vd Nhung dgc ky Du thio Luat Phdng, chdng mua ban ngu'di cung khd phat hien duge nhtrng quy dinh eae van ban tren da duge lam can cir nhu the'nao, nhai la xet til yeu cau long ghep gidi Khung ly thuyet hdnh vi ve phong, chong mua bdn phu nii Cdng vdi eo sd phap ly, viec Idng ghep gidi can phai dua vao khung ly luan phan lich hanh vi mua ban ngudi de cd the phat hien nhung van de gidi can phii dugc de cap van bin phap lual Trudc hei phii tha'y ring van de gidi trudng hgp mua ban ngudi la van de phu nO bdi vl da sd cac vu mua ban ngu'di d Viet Nam hien la mua ban phu ntr Hanh vi mua, ban phu nCr la hanh vi bao lire tren co sd gidi d dd quyen luc gidi bi lam dung, thao lung gay thiet hai ldi phu nu va Ire em gai (Le Nggc Hiing, 2008) Nhu vay nan nhan chii yeu cua cac vu mua ban ngudi ma phap luat can bio ve, gitip da, hd trg la nan nhan phu nu Tuy theo dac diem nhan khiu hgc va dac diem xa hdi cd the xac dinh nan nhan phu nil la tre em gai hay la phu nu chua cd chdng hoac phu nu da cd chdng, phu nil dan tdc thieu sd hay phu nu' ngudi Kinh VI nan nhan la phu nu nen ddi vdi viee giii cuu cung nhu viec xac minh va bio ve, hd trg nan nhan cung can cd nhtrng quy dinh rd rang, chtr khdng ndn chung chung hoac qua ric rdi, phirc tap nhu Du thio da neu VI nan nhan la phu nil nen hanh vi mua ban phu ntr thudng gin vdi cac hanh vi bao luc gidi nhu xam hai tinh due dudi cac hinh thtrc khae ke ci bit tre em gai va phu nil lam mai dam Cung can phan tfeh eac thu doan cudng birc bit edc, lira dio du dd dudi nhieu hinh thtrc khac ma cac ddi tugng gdm ci nam va nil sir dung de mua ban phu nu va tie em gai Tu phan ti'ch cac thii doan nhu vay cd the xac dinh nhung van de gidi de du phdng vi du can tuyen truyen, giao due gidi ti'nh va gidi 20 Nghien cUu Gia dinh va Gi6i Quyen , so 2, tr 11-22 VI nan nhan la phu nil ndn can cd nhiing quy dinh ro rang vd vai trd va trach nhiem ciia eac to chirc phu nil phdng, chdng mua ban phu nu ndi ridng va mua ban ngudi ndi chung Du thio lual dudng nhu quen mat vai trd cua Id chtrc hdi phu nil cac cap, nhat la d ca sd Ciing cin phii cd quy dinh ve vai trd va trach nhiem ciia cac td chtrc xa hdi, to chtrc quan chiing bdi vl phu ntr thudng tham gia cac Id chu'c quin chting d dia phuong Mot so van de gidi can long ghep xay dimg Luat Phong, chong mua ban ngiTdi Trudc hei can long ghep van dd gidi pham vi dieu chinh cua lual: tren thuc te', phan Idn cac vu mua ban ngudi la mua ban phu ntr vay phai coi "mua ban phu nil" la mdt pham vi chii yeu can phii dieu ehinh bdi luat phdng, chdng mua ban ngudi Thu hai, can long ghep van de gidi dieu giii thich cac ttr ngtr: cu the la can phii giii ihich khai niem mua ban ngudi dd nhan manh "mua ban phu ntr" Cin giii thich khai niem "nan nhan" dd nhan manh khai niem "nan nhan phu ntr" TTiu ba can long ghep va'n de gidi dieu quy dinh ve eae nguyen tie phdng chdng mua ban ngtrdi: cu the; phai coi binh ding gidi la mdt nguyen tic sd cae nguydn tie phdng, chdng mua ban ngudi Thii tu, can long ghep ehinh sach ve binh ding gidi, ehinh sach ve phu nu dieu quy dinh vd chinh sach cua nha nudc Thtr nam, cin long ghep quyen va nghia vu ciia nan nhan nu' dieu quy dinh vS quydn va nghia vu ciia nan nhan Dae biet, thti' sau, cin long ghep cac van de gidi didu quy dinh cac hanh vi nghiem cam Thir biy, cin long ghep eac van de gidi tiing bien phap phdng chdng mua ban ngtrdi, vi du long ghep van de gidi bien phap luyen truyen giao due ve lual binh ding gidi, xac dinh ddi tugng cin tuyen truyen la phu ntr Thil tam la phii cd quy dinh ve vi tri, vai trd va trach nhiem cua to chirc Hdi Phu nu phdng chdng mua ban ngudi Du thao luat khdng cd mdt Le Ngoc H u n g 21 dieu quy dinh nao ve van de Thir chin la lual can cd nhiing quy dinh ve bien phap thuc diy binh dang gidi vdi nghTa la quy dinh nhiing bien phap cap bach lam thdi de dim bio thue hien cac quydn ca bin ciia phu nQ va tie em gai bi mua ban hay bi bao luc gidi lien quan tdi mua ban ngudi bai ke linh trang duge xac minh hay khdng dugc xac minh la nan nhan mua ban ngudi Viee xay dung lual cin linh den nhirng thu luc xac minh, giii quyei van de lien quan den nan nhan bi mua, ban ngudi Du thio luat quy dinh each thtrc xac minh nan nhan qua phuc tap, cd the gay khd khan cho phdng, chdng mua ban phu nu Can tinh gian cac quy dinh de khdng gay phidn ha, rat cd the luat qua de phdng viec cd ngudi lgi dung ke hd cua luat de trd nan nhan true lgi! Neu dting the thi nen til bd each lam luiil dua vao cac gia dinh nhu vay cd day dii cac bang chirng ve linh trang phd bie'n ciia mua ban phu nCr va mua ban Ire em va phu ntr, tre em bi mua ban ddu dang rai can dugc hd trg Neu can thi phii de phdng nhtrng quy dinh gay phidn ve thii tuc, tdn kem ve cdng sire va nhai la gay mai qua nhieu thdi gian de xac minh nan nhan, hay nhUng quy dinh qua phien ha, ton kem vd ca vat chai lan tinh than de nan nhan phu nu, nan nhan tie em dugc bio ve hay hd trg Nhu'ng phien thudng din den hau qua la khdng nhti'ng khdng hd trg ma cdn lam tdn thuang them cho phu ntr hay tre em bi mua ban, nhu each ndi cua mieng eiia ngudi dan "dtrgc va thi ma sung" Can thay rang cac hanh vi mua ban nan nhan dien nhanh chdng khdng the' chd dgi thuc hien qua nhieu cac Ihii luc phap ly rudm de ngan chan, xac minh hay ciai nan nhan khdi bi lam dung hay khdi bi bao luc Tom lai, viec long ghep gidi van bin phap luat da dugc quy dinh Luat Binh ding gidi nam 2006 va Luat Ban hanh van bin quy pham phap luat nam 2008 (Uy ban Cac van dd xa hgi ciia Qud'c hdi, 2009) Do vay can nghien ctru ky cac quy dinh phap luat vd binh ding gidi, ddng thdi can phan tich thuc te didn bie'n mua ban ngirdi d Viet Nam thai gian qua va du bao thdi gian ldi, phan tich ky hanh vi mua ban phu nu nudc va qud'c te de cd the phat hien nhiing va'n de gidi nhim dtra nhung quy dinh xac dang cd hieu luc phdng, chdng mua ban phu nil 22 Nghien ciJru Gia dinh va Gidi Quyen 21, so 2, tr 11-22 luat phdng chdng mua ban ngudi Trong didu kien thuc te d Viet Nam hien nay, viec xay dung luat phdng, chdng mua ban ngudi can phai phii dua vao nhiing phan tich thuc tidn va dinh hudng tuang lai de cd the tap trung hudng vao phdng, chdng mua ban phu nil va mua ban tre em gai chu khdng phii la phdng, chdng mua ban ngudi chung chung, xa rdi thuc tidn Dd chinh la yeu ciu va ndi dung ca ban ciia vide long ghep gidi xay dung Luat Phdng, chdng mua ban ngudi dang thu hut su quan tam chti y cua du luan xa hdi nudc va qud'c te Tuy nhien viec Idng ghep van de binh ding gidi phap lual ndi chung va Luat Phdng, chdng mua ban ngudi ndi ridng la khdng dan giin Do vay, cd the la can phii cd nhieu thdi gian va nd luc han nira de tie'p luc nang cao hieu biei mdt each khoa hgc vd cae yeu cau dang dat til thuc te van de gidi ciia linh trang mua ban ngudi ciing nhu cac yeu ciu til phap lual ve binh ding gidi de cd the xay dung dugc Lual Phdng, chdng mua ban ngudi vdi trgng tam la phdng, chdng mua ban phu nu va tre em Viec long ghep gidi qua trinh xay dung la dieu kien quan trgng va cin thiei de cd the long ghep gidi qua tiTnh thue hien, sua ddi, bd sung phap lual phdng, chdng mua ban ngudi nhim thue su gdp phan thuc hien binh ding gidi tren thuc te.H Tai lieu tham khao Bp Tu phap 2010 Du thdo Lugt Phong, ehdng nuia bdn ugirdi Thang nam 2010 Bo Tu phap 2010 Te/ ninh Chinh phu ve dif dn hidt Phdng, eho'ug mua bdn ngifryi Eg Tu phap chuin bi thang 7/2010 Cong hoa Xa hdi Chii nghia Viet Nam 2006 Lugt Binh dang gidi Cpng hoa xa hgi chil nghia Viet Nam 2008 Lugt Ban hdnh vdn bdn qiiy pham phdp luat Le Ngoc HUng 2008 "Dgng thai quyen lire gidi: Mgt so van de ly luan va thirc tien" Tap ehi Nghien eihi Gia dinh vd Gidi Sd5 (18) Tr 36 - 46 Uy ban Cac van de xa hgi cua Qud'c hoi 2009 Long ghep gidi vdi liogt dgng eiia Qude hgi Nxb Chinh tri qud'c gia Ha Ngi Uy ban Qudc gia Vl su tien bg cua phu nu Viet Nam 2005 Cong ifde ve xda bd mgi hinh thirc phdn biei ddi xu vdi phu ml (CEDAW) ... lirgng va ti le cac vu mua ban nguoi voi doi tuong va nan nhan, nam 2004 -2009 Cac vu mua ban Doi tuong mua ban Sd lirong So' luong Tile Tile Nan nhan mua ban So' luong Tile Mua ban phu nir 121X... Tinh hinh mua bdn phu nU vd tre em ndm qua Van de gidi pham vi dieu chinh eiia Luat Phdng, chdng mua ban ngudi la van dd mua ban phu ml va tre em gai Do vay cin phan tich iinh hinh mua ban phu... em, dai da sd cac cudc mua ban ngudi bi phat hien xtr ly cho den d Viet Nam la "mua ban phu nil" va "mua ban Ire em" Do vay, cd the ndi day la Du thio Lual Phdng, chdng mua ban ngudi ndi chung,
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