Y HOC VIET NAM THANG 12 - SO 1/2009 DANH GIA KIEN THUfC VA HANH VI SlTDUNG BAO CAO SU CUA NHOM PHU NUf MAI DAM TAI MOT SO T I N H THANH PHO NAM 2009 ii'j Oi: -rmm lidi!'; qi:.''l 'iCl.^ V f l TOM TAT Dieu tra ve kien thiic, thai dp va hanh vl sii" dung bao cao su nhdm gai mai dam (GMD) dypc tien hanh tai tinh, phd thupc dy an Phdng lay nhilm HIV/AIDS d Viet Nam nam 2009 Muc dfch nghien ciiu nham danh gia kien thiic phdng tranh lay nhiem HIV va hanh vi sii dung bao cao su quan he tinh due ciia nhdm GMD sau nam can thiep (2003-2008) Phypng phap dieu tra m6 ta cat ngang, chi so dieu tra dypc xay dyng dya tren bp chi sd theo doi va danh gia chypng trinh quoc gia Cd 644 gai mai dam dypc dieu tra Ket qua cho thay ty le thu'dng xuyen sii dung bao cao su (BCS) ciia GMD thang qua, thang qua va lan quan he tinh due gan day nhat lan lu-pt la 95.80%, 91.31%, va 88.83% Tuy nhien, nhiing hanh vi tinh due khong an toan ciia GMD van cdn ton tai nhy viec thydng xuyen sii dung BCS vdi ban tinh thydng xuyen (khach quen, chdng, ngydi yeu) chiem ty le thap (35% - 45%), khdng cai thien nhieu so vdi so lieu ban dau (31,58% - 48,6%) 91% GMD cd y thiic ty bao ve minh bang each thuyet phuc khach hang sii dung BCS Cac sd lieu thu dypc dieu tra se giiip cho viec lap ke hoach can thiep va xay dyng cac mo hinh phii hpp dam bao tfnh ben vUng Nguyen Thanh Long* nci cPndom use during sexual intercourses among FSW after 5-year intervention (2003-2008) This is a cross sectional study and its indicators are based on the National M&E data set The survey was conducted among 644 FSWs The findings showed that the rates of regular condom use in the past months, month and latest sex are 95,80%, 91,31% and 88,83% successively However, there exists unsafe sexual behavior among FSWs The rate of condom use in sex with regular sexual partners (frequent clients, husbands and lovers) is low (35%-45%), which does not much improve in comparison with the initial data (31,58% - 48,6%) 91% of FSWs have a sense of selfprotection by persuading their clients to use condoms The results found in this survey can help to develop intervention plans as well as build appropriate and sustainable models I OAT VAN OE - " ^ S ' - V O ^ - ; ^ '''':"[.' ''^ "" ' Dich HIV d' Viet Nam van dang a giai doan dich tap trung voi ty Ie nhiem HIV cao nhdm nghien chich ma tiiy (23,2%), phu nir mai dam (4%) va ty le hien mSc quSn the dan cu ndi chung vao khoang 0,27% Tinh ddn het 2008 tren toan quoc da co 138.191 nguai nhiem HIV va 41.544 benh nhan da tu vong AIDS, so truong hpp benh nhan AIDS va tu vong SUMMARY tang deu theo cac nam Cac ca nhilm HIV xuit EVALUATE KNOWLEDGE AND BEHAVIOR IN hien 6' 63 tinb/thanh, 96% s6 huyen va bon 66% CONDOM USE AMONG FEMALE SEX WORKERS so xa/phu6ng Trong tong s6 nhQng ca nhilm AT SOME PROVINCES IN 2009 HIV dup-c bao cao, 78,9% dang dp tu6i 20A survey on knowledge, attitudes and behavior in 39, nam giai nhiem HIV chiem 85,2% S6 nguoi condom use among female sex workers (FSWs) was nhiem HIV a lua tuoi cang tre va thong qua conducted at provinces/cities funded by the duong quan he tinh due dang cang tra HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control in Vietnam Project in 2009 The purpose of the study is to evaluate nen bien Co sy kbac nbau ve hinh thai lay knowledge on HIM/MDS prevention and behavior on nhilm HIV cila cac dia phuong, cac tinh * Cue Phong chong HIV/AIDS Bo Y ti Wof Y HOC VIET NAM THANG 12 - SO 1/2009 phia BSc, hinh thai nhiem chu ylu qua tiem chich ma tiiy, cac tinh mien Trung va mot s6 tinh mien tay Nam bp, nhiem HIV chii ylu qua quan he tinh due khong dupc bao ve Cac phan tfch dich te hpc gSn day cho thiy CO hien tupng dan xen ve hinh thai lay truyen, ty le su dung ma tiiy nhom gai mai dam c6 xu hudng gia tang nhat la a cac tinh, trpng diem Trong boi canh nhu vay viec tien hanh nghien ciiu ve kien thiic, hanh vi nhdm gai mai dam la het siic can thiet de dinh hudng cho cac hoat dpng can thiep dy phong lay nhiem HIV cho cac tinh Du an Phong lay nhiem HIV a Viet Nam Cue Phdng chong HIV/AIDS Bp Y te lam chii dy an tap trung vao hoat dpng can thiep giam tac bai va phong lay nhiem HIV nhom nguy ca cao a 21 tinh Viet Nam [2] De danh gia hieu qua cua du an, nghien ciiu ve kien thiic, thai dp hanh vi su dung bao cao su dupc tien hanh tren tinh, II MUC Tiiu NGHIEN CCfU Danh gia ket qua cua hoat dpng can thiep cho nhdm GMD thong qua khao sat kien thiic, thai dp va hanh vi su dung bao cao su Danh gia kha nang tiep can bao cao su va hanh vi quan he tinh due an toan cua nhom GMD III PHUONG PHAP NGHIEN COU Thiet ki dieu tra: Dieu tra mo ta cat ngang kit hpp phucmg phap dinh tinh va phuong phap djnh lupng phong van doi tupng dieu tra theo bp cau hoi in san Bia diem dieu tra: tinh co tinh hinh lay nhiem HIV cao cu the la Ha Npi, Quang Ninh, Hai Phdng, TP Ho Chi Minh, Cin Tha, An Giang va Da Nang Thdi gian dieu tra: Tir thang den thang nam 2009 Bdi twffng dieu tra: Nhdm gai mai dam dang song tai dia ban cac tinh noi tren Cdc chi so dieu tra: Chi so dieu tra dupc xay dung dya tren bp chi so theo doi va danh gia chuang trinh quoc gia cho nhom GMD C& mdu dieu tra: l/ac tinh ty le dii tu'png GMD CO kien thiic va hanh vi su dung BCS la 80%, sai s6 cho phep 10%, hieu lyc thilt kl 1,5 Ca mlu n = 92 GMD/tinh T6ng s6 ciia tinh la 644 GMD Chon mdu: Lap danh sach cac quan huyen cd nhieu boat dpng gai mai dam (diim nong), tai moi tinh chpn huyen Phuang phap chpn mau chum hay chpn mau toan bp dupc ap dung tiiy theo so lupng gai mai dam hoat dpng tai moi diem nong jm UiB u§il c:: IV KET QUA NGHIEN CQU 238 snub i'.z Dac diem chung cua nhom GMD: 92 Hai Phong 92 Quang Ninh 92 Oa nang 92 TP HCM 92 Can thd 92 An Giang 92 0,0 12,0 1,1 15,2 5,4 27,2 35,9 52,2 28,3 55,4 26,1 41,3 2,2 33,7 30,4 33,7 1,1 33,7 28,3 37,0 10,9 25,0 27,2 37,0 10,9 37,0 32,6 19,6 4,5 26,2 29,8 39,4 3,3 1,1 14,1 0,0 0,0 3,3 5,4 12,0 3,6 6,5 5,4 25 43,5 58,7 23,3 46,7 63 53,3 44,6 27,2 48,1 Thdng tin Ha Npi n Tuoi =30 Trinh van hoa MiJ chii' Tieu hoc Trung hpc ui sd 9,8 47,8 54,3 Tong 644 Y HOC VIET NAM THANG 12 - SO 1/2009 Pho thong trung hoc THCN, CO, DH 37 28,3 44,6 28,3 18,5 6,5 2,2 23,6 2,2 2,2 2,2 3,3 0,0 0,0 0,0 1,4 32,6 30,4 43,5 64,1 52,2 42,4 51,1 45,2 8,7 18,5 16,3 19,6 21,3 Tinh trang hon nhan Chu'a ket hon 31,5 Oa ly dj 34,8 20,7 19,6 27,2 26,1 25 23,9 39,1 27,2 27 Oa ly than 8,7 2,2 4,3 1,1 2,2 0,0 1,1 2,8 Goa chong 3,3 8,7 6,5 1,1 3,3 2,2 1,1 3,7 Oang co chong Da s6 GMD a dp tuoi ! i - ; : - : ] ! - / ; Y HOC VIET NAM THANG 12 - SO 1/2009 -% IBBS 2006 DG 2009 120 97,8 HJNoi — •' Hai Phong Quang Ninh BaNang 95.7 Tp.HCM gg95,7 94,6 Can Thd An Giang Chung Dja phirong Bieu 2: Ty le GMD co sii dung BCS tat ca cac lan QHTD vai khach thang qua Ty le GMD tra lai co su dung BCS tat ca nhiing lan QHTD vai khach hang thang qua a dilu tra IBBS 2006 (67,9%) thip hon (p