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VAN HrtA NGHP T H I ]AT TROlie mtx Mot dqng to chijfc xa hoi cua ngu dan Nam Trung Bp NGUYEN DUY THIEU Bien va cac nguon igi tir bien da flang v^ se cung cap Clio nguoi nliiing nguon igi da dang, to lofn, quy gi^ Kliong hieu vi sao, so vdfi cac kliu vuc Idi^c nliu dong bing, mien nui, cho toii ithu vuc bien yi ven bien it thu hut dugc su quan tam nghien cufu cua c^c nha Ithoa hgc, nhat la bg phan nghien cufu ve van hda, xa hgi Chinh vi the ma Chung ta co rat it tai lieu de hieu ve doi song cua ngu dan Nhieu van de ly thu nhu qua trinh hinh cgng dong ngu dan, doi sdng vat chat, xa hgi, tinh than, tam linh cua mgt bg phan lain nguoi Viet oi vimg bien va ven bien, cung nhu cac cong trinh van hoa vat the va phi vat the co gia trj ngu dan, it dugc quan tam 56 317 Thang 11-2010 C d thi ndi, truyin thd'ng biln md nhat d ddng bdng Bdc Bd va ddng bang Nam Bd Tinh trang dugc giai thfch rdng, ngudi Viet vdn la cu dan ndng nghiep, tiep xiic vdi biln, ngudi dan uu tien khuynh hudng quai de lan biln de lam ndng nghiep va cd tinh keo dai van hda ddng bdng ngoai bien ca Qua vay, ngudi Viet da tirng trdng su vet ngan biln tie'n, quai de lan bien, khai hoang, thau chua rira man tao nen nhung canh ddng bat ngat, nhung xdm lang tru phii sud't dgc theo ven biln Va each chua bao xa, ngudi Viet Bdc Bd cdn chua bie't an ca biln va cac san phdm khae ty biln, kho ea, hg cho nhilu loai gia vi nham khir mui cho huong vi ca biln gid'ng vdi ea ddng So vdi ddng bdng Bdc Bd, ddng bdng Nam Bd duge khai thac mudn hon nhieu Chua ndi, tai khu vyc rat giau ngudn Igi ca nude nggt, nen truyin thdng, ngudi dan khdng cd nhu cau bye bach dl danh bdt ca bien Nhung d Trung Bd, nha't la Nam Trung Bd, thi lai khae Do kie'n tao, cac ludng hai luu trea biln da ddn ddt nhieu ludng ca Idn vao sat bd, hon the, tai miln da't nay, niii an xud'ng sat biln, da't ndng nghiep cdn cdi va chat hep, sdng ngdi ngdn, nude chay xiet, ft ao hd ndn cd rat ft ca nude nggt Vi vay chang, thien di tdi vung dat nay, ngudi Viet da cd each thuc lya ehgn that tdi uu: sdm thuyin ludi, vuon ngoai bien danh bdt ca de sinh tdn Qua trinh tien bien, khai thac cac ngudn Igi dl sinh tdn, cflng ddng thdi la qua trinh ngudi Viet d miln Trung xac lap mdt ldi sd'ng mdi, ddng thdi xay dyng vd tyng bude hoan thien dan cac dang td chirc xa hdi ciia minh Thiet che xa hoi cd truyen ciia lang ca d Nam Trung Eg Co cdu Idng Viet cd truyin d Nam Trung bg Ndi tdi lang Viet cd truyin, duong nhien la chung ta dang ndi tdi cac lang xa ndng nghiep Qua trinh hinh thiet che xa hdi d vung gdn liln vdi qua trinh ngudi Viet md mang bd cdi vao phfa nam Vao nam Quy Dau (1693), nha Nguyin thdn tfnh toan bd dat Nam Trung Bd De eai quan vung dat mdi, chua Nguyin da thiet lap bg may VAN HOA CO TRUYEN hanh chfnh dan sy va mdt bd phan quan ddi cung duge de lai de hd trg cho chfnh quyln thiet lap an ninh trat ty Nhung binh Ifnh ddn tru d noi xa xdi dugc chtia Nguyin cho phep la'y vg dia phuong va lap thdn dp dl dl quan ly, ggi la nhutig lang Kinh Cuu Tiep sau dd, nha Nguyin cd chfnh sach dua dan tu vung ngoai (Quang Nam, Quang Ngai, Binh Djnh, Phii Yen) vao vung da't mdi khai hoang them rugng vudn, quy dan lap thdn dp Bd phan thidn di bdng dudng thiiy ddu tien dd bd len vung ven bien Hon Dd, cat lan trai d tam, nen cho tdi tan bay gid, dia danh vdn dugc ggi la xotn trai (thugc xa My Hiep, Ninh Hai, Ninh Thuan) Mdt mat, cac cdng ddng cu dan ty thie't lap he thd'ng xa hdi de ty quan, mat khae, nha Nguyin mang theo thiet che xa hdi d vung ngoai vao day de thie't lap he thd'ng hanh chfnh theo cap: dao, tdng va lang Dao tuong duong nhu cap tinh nay, cdn tdng la cap ban hanh chfnh dudi dao, bao gdm nhilu lang hgp 'Hif dy: tdng Ha Tudng (ngay thude Ninh Hai, Ninh Thuan) bao gdm cac lang: An Xuan, An Hde, Phudc Nhon, My Nhon, Gd 'Hiao, Gd San, Gd Din, Hd Diem, Hdn Thidn, Phucmg Cyu, Binh NghTa, Tri 'Hiuy, Du Khanh, Tan An, Khanh Hdi, Khanh Tudng, My Hda, Thai An, Vinh Hy Dutig dau tdng la eai tdng, thudng dugc cap tren lya ehgn cae cy Nho hgc de bd nhiem chy khdng bau ban ma cd Cd nhung trudng hgp dugc lya ehgn trudc dl chd ke vi, bdi vay dan gian thudng ggi la tdng dung, tyc la chirc eai tdng chd, dting de ke vi cai tdng duong nhiem Dudi ca'p tdng la cap lang, bd may ty quan ciia lang ggi la ngu huong, bao gdm: ly trudng (cung ggi la ly huang), phd ly, huong muc, huong viec, huong kilm Ly trudng dilu hanh cdng viec chung, phd ly giiip viee cho ly trudng, huong viec dam duong trach nhiem nhu thu ky ciia hdi ddng ngu huong, huong muc trdng coi tu bd cac cdng trinh cdng cdng cua lang, huong kiem dam nhiem cdng viec trat ty an ninh Mdi lang cd mdt sd thdn, diing dau la trudng thdn Cd thi ndi ring hdi ddng ngii huong la mdt bd may ty quan cua cac lang Ngoai viec thyc hien mdt sd trach nhiem dd'i vdi nha nude nhu ddn dd'c nop suu, thue, ddn dd'c viec di linh, di phu, hdi ddng chu yeu giai quye't cac cdng viec ndi bd cua lang, dac biet la dieu hanh viec thd ciing d dinh lang Cu dan Nam Trung Bd vd'n la ngudi tha phuang nen rat cd y thirc ve cdi ngudn, bdi the', nhutig ngudi dau tien lap lang dugc hg kfnh trgng thd dinh nhu la thdn hoang bdn canh cua lang Thdng thudng, mdi lang cd mdt ngdi dinh tdn nghiem va khang trang Mdi ky cung te' d dinh thudng td chirc ft nha't ba vdi lich trinh cu the dugc sdp xip theo ngay, gid td't Vao dip cung te Idn, eac lang thudng rude phudng hat bdi, hat ba trao ve trinh diln Phai ndi, cho tdi tan nay, dinh lang vdn cdn la mdt trung tam cua ddi sd'ng tin ngudng lang xa ciia cac cdng ddng cu dan noi day Van - td chiic xd hgi truyin thdng cua ngU ddn Tai khu vyc Nam Trung Bd, hdu he't ngu dan xua vdn sdng cac lang ndng dan Sau dd, bdi nhilu ly do, hg da tach kiem sd'ng bdng nghe danh bdt thiiy san d biln ma trd ngu dan Liic ban dau, cd the cung da ed nhutig nhdm cu dan ty hgp cdng ddng, td chiic ty quan, dac biet la dl td chiic ddi sd'ng tin ngudng Nhung cung cd thi, dai da sd cac nhdm ngu dan chi tach khdi lang ndng nghiep ve mat nghi nghiep de coi danh cd nhu hoat ddng kinh te' chfnh, cdn mgi sinh hoat khae cua hg, ke ca sinh hoat tin ngudng, diu tuan theo lang gd'c Dan ddn, hoat ddng kie'm sd'ng dieu kien mdi trudng bien ca day hiem nguy, cac hinh thuc sinh hoat tfn ngudng mdi dugc hinh mdi cdng ddng ngu dan Nhu cau tap hgp cdng ddng, trudc he't cho muc dfch sinh hoat tfn ngudng, da thiic ddy mdt dang td chiic xa hdi eua ngu dan ddi, mang ten la vart , f >: -: , ,,f, ,;,;, , ; >> Trudc luc phan tfch ca cdu, chiic nang cua don vi td chiic xa hdi nay, chiing ta cdn lam sang td khdi niem van "Van (d): lang cua nhiing ngudi thuyen chai d tren mat sdng"(l) Nhutig tai lieu nghien ciJu vl van chai d khu S6 317 Thang 11-2010 VAN HOA NGHE THUAT TROHC UWiC vyc ven bien Bdc Bd va Bdc Trung Bd, xac nhan djnh nghia nhu trdn la phan anh dung thyc te Nhung ty khu vyc Nam Trung Bd trd vao thi dinh nghia tren khdng cdn dung nua, cac van d khu vyc cd co cau chye nang khae han Cd the ndi, vl mat td chye va co cau nhdm myc dfch quan dan thi cac van vting Idng leo hon, nhung nhdm muc dfch td chiic ddi sd'ng tin ngudng cho ttmg cdng ddng ngu dan thi van d khu vuc Nam Trung Bd ddng vai trd ndi bat Sd dl ed su khae biet nhu tren, la cac lang danh ca va cac van chai d khu vuc phfa bdc da dugc xac lap ty lau ddi, cdn cac lang danh ca ty khu vyc Nam Trung Bd trd vao mdi dugc hinh ty TK XVII cung vdi qua trinh ngudi Viet md mang bd cdi vao phfa nam Thud dd, he thd'ng quan ly xa hdi ciia cac chiia Nguyin d viing phfa nam cdn long leo, tap trung chu yeu vao cac lang ndng nghiep, cdn cac van, ty hinh thanh, dti mudn mdn han nhung nd cd vai trd rat quan trgng de chua Nguyin dn dinh viec an sinh, quan ly xa hdi d vung ven bien, nhdm myc dfch tie'p tuc md mang bd cdi vl phfa nam Cd thi gia thie't, van dugc hoan thien theo hai giai doan chinh, Giai doan ddu, mdt nhdm ngu dan danh ca, cd the cd cung ngudn gd'c, tap hgp lai, dat ten van, hoac khang dinh ggi ten van theo ten cu, tdn xung ngudi den trudc Idn dimg dau de dilu hanh van theo each tu quan Tham gia vao bd may ty quan la nhung ngudi cao tudi, cd kinh nghiem nghe nghiep, hiiu bie't rdng vl nhan tinh the thai Trudng van va bd may giiip viee cho dng ta dilu hanh mgi cdng viec lam an, quan ly Ilidng thudng, bd may ciia van gdm: mdt trudng van lo cdng viec chung, mdt huong van hoac huong viec lam chirc nang thu ky, mdt chanh bai lo viec ciing te, mdt thii ty lo viee cham sde din mieu Cd the ndi, d giai doan nay, van la mdt dan vi tu quan, vira quan ly hanh chfnh lai via dieu hanh cac hoat ddng theo phong tyc rieng ciia timg cdng ddng ngu dan Giai doan tiep theo, da du siic manh, kiem soat dugc mien da't vung Nam Trung Bd, cac chua Nguyin ttmg bude thie't lap chinh quyln ty thdn, den tdng, dao , dan ddn vdi tay g | S 317 Thang 11-2010 tdi cac van ciia ngu dan Tir day, chirc nang quan ly hanh chfnh cac van chii yeu bd may hanh chfnh cap co sd ciia nha nudc dam nhan (Zlac van vdn tiep tuc tdn tai nhung bd may ty quan chi cdn chye nang dieu hanh cac cong viec theo phong tue cua van, chii yeu la td chye ddi sdng tfn ngudng cho ngu dan Trai qua qua trinh lau ddi, cang gan vl duong dai, chye nang ciia van cang thu hep den mite chi cdn viec lo dilu hanh td chirc ll, hdi, giai quyet cac viec theo phong tyc va van ddng ba ngu dan tuong trg ma thdi Bdi vay, tu day, van dugc hieu nhu la mdt don vi sinh hoat tfn ngudng cua ngu dan ttmg khu vyc nhat dinh Van - don vi sinh hoat tin ngudng ciia ngu ddn Trong thdi ky can hien dai, t i khu vyc Nam Trung Bd trd vao, so vdi thud ban dau d cac vung phfa bdc, van da thay ddi chiic nang va thay ddi ca hinh thirc Cdng ddng ngu dan tap hgp lai de sinh hoat tfn ngudng ca dng ggi la van - van lang dng Mdt so lang Idn thd ca dng cung dugc ggi la van, chii khdng phai din, mieu nhu cac vung ven bien til Bdc Trung Bg trd Cd hai dang lang thd ca dng: mdt dang cd the hiiu nhu loai Idng tdng ddn, dugc xay dung cho ngu dan ca mdt vung cira bien rdng Idn lam noi thd ty; va mdt loai dugc xay dyng cho ngu dan chi mdt lang danh ca lam noi thd ty (2) Lang dng Nam Hai d thdn Hai Chir (xa Ddng Hai, thj xa Phan Rang) thude loai Idng tdng ddn Hieo ngudi gia, xua lang la noi thd ty cho ngu dan toan bd vung cira bien sdng Dinh (ttr Vinh Hy den Ca Na) Toan bd khu vyc thude tinh Ninh Thuan bay gid trudc day da cd thdi chi la mdt tdng - tdng Kinh Dinh, ma xa xua hon nua (khi ngudi Kinh mdi tdi dat nay), tdng cung mdi chi la mdt van - van Mdng Rang Lang dng Nam Hai d thdn Hai Chfi khdng chi la nai thd ty cho ngu dan vung ma cdn cho cu dan cac khu vuc khae cd dip de'n hoac di qua khu vuc Ddng thdi, vi trf xay lang cung la try sd, la trung tam ciia tdng Kinh Dinh Cac cu dan khae qua khu vuc VAN HOA CO TRUYEN thudng den lang dng thdp huong cdu an ddng thdi de trinh bao, nop thue, hoac trao ddi cdng viec vdi chfnh quyln sd tai Di dap ling dugc ddi sd'ng tinh than cho ngu dan ca mdt khu vyc, lang dng Nam Hai dugc xay cat rat khang trang, vdi quy md kha rdng Idn Bl mat kie'n true ciia khu di tfch bao gdm hai phan: mdt dl thd ty va mdt la nha vd ca - san khau de trinh diln hat bdi nhutig td chiic ll hdi d lang O phdn thd ty, ngoai hai be thd nhd: ben phai (theo chilu ty ban thd ngoai) thd thien phii, ben trai thd dia phii, d gian thd cd ba be thd Idn: be trung tam ggi la tam Idng hgi toa, thd hgi ddng; be ben phai thd Quan Cdng va be ben trai thd mdu Phfa ben phai ciia gian thd, cd mdt gian dl xuong ca dng ggi la linh cd't dien Cd thi thay, tren be thd trung tam, ngu dan thd nhilu loai thdn linh, chy khdng cd nghia la lang dng Nam Hai thi chi thd dng Nam Hai (thdn ca dng) Ngoai san phfa tay phai cd lang (md) ca dng, phfa ben trai cd lang cd (md ca dng cai), cay neu va cdng Cdn lai, mdi van danh ea diu cd mdt lang thd cd dng Loai lang chii ye'u la dl thd cd dng va d nhirng van ma khdng cd dinh, lang ddng chirc nang nhu ngdi dinh ciia lang ndng nghiep va dl nhien, nhung lang cd quy md Idn thudng dugc ggi la van - van lang dng Nhu vay, van cung dugc dung dl chi mdt cdng trinh kien triic, mdt ngdi din thd ca dng Dan gian kl rdng, vao thdi ky so khdi, mdi lap van, tren dai ddt Nam Trung Bd, van lang, mang chiic nang nhu ngdi dinh ciia cac lang ndng nghiep, chi mdi dugc xay dyng don so bdng tranh tre, niia la Sau dd, nhd lam an kham kha, ngu dan mdi ddng gdp tiln ciia va cdng syc dan dan xay dyng van kidn cd va khang trang hon Va gdn dd cd mieu thd ba thiiy (mdu thiiy) Dilu dang luu y la van bao gid ciing dugc xay dyng d vi tri gdn sdng, biln hoac ddm, hudng mat tiln sdng, biln tao dilu kien thuan Igi dl thuyin ciia ngu dan hang vao cd thi lam ll hoac bai vgng ty xa, hon the dl thuan Igi cho viec rude dng cac ky te Idn Vai trd ciia van chai ddi sdng xa hoi ciia ngu dan Xa hdi nghi ca cua ngu dan Nam Trung Bd ft gdn vdi xa hdi ndng nghiep nhu d khu vyc Bdc Bd va Nam Bd Vdi tu each la don vi xa hdi CO sd, dugc hinh va phat triln ca mdt qua trinh lau dai, van chai d khu vyc Nam Trung Bd dam duong nhilu chye nang: quan dan, dam bao trat ty an ninh, td lam an, cham lo cdng viec tang ma, cudi xin, hudng ddn cac gia dinh hd trg giup dd hoan nan, td chye ddi sd'ng tam linh ciia cdng ddng va da bude dau quan tam tdi quan ly ngudn Igi Cung nhu cac don vi xa hdi edp co sd ed truyin khae, van chai lay tap quan phap lam ddng lye dl van hanh Thdng thudng, tap quan phap cd ba nhdm ndi dung chfnh: Thu nha't, cae quy dinh vl chd va thy ty dau thuyin Theo luat tyc, dl nhien la dan noi khae tdi khdng bao gid dugc phep danh bdt ca tai cac dilm thuan Igi cd dinh da cd chii, chi dugc phep di chuyin khai thac ngudn Igi thiiy san mdt each tam thdi Ne'u cac nhdm ngu dan du canh mud'n neo dau thuyin d cac van khae thi nhat thie't phai dugc phep ciia van sd tai Thy hai, cac quy dinh vl quyln danh bdt ca Ne'u la ngudn Igi sdng hoac tai cac vung bien gan bd cd thi khai thac bdng cac ngu cy CO dinh (dang, day, nd, sao, ) thi chi ngudi ban dia mdi cd quyln chie'm dung cac vi trf ed dinh Cdn dd'i vdi cac ngudn Igi ngoai bien khoi, nhirng noi khdng thi danh bdt bdng cac ngu cu CO dinh tai cac vi tri cd dinh thi dan chai quan niem dien tu, ngU chung, ngudn Igi tai day nhu chim trdi ed nude, mudn khai thac cung dugc Tuy vay, tap quan phap lai danh quyln uu tien cho nhung ngudi den trudc dugc tha ludi va danh bdt trudc Thdng thudng, cac quy udc bao gdm: neu danh ludi theo chilu nudc chay thi ngudi de'n sau phai tha ludi sau ngudi de'n trude (theo hudng dudng di ciia ca) va khdng dugc lam anh hudng tdi cac vung ludi ciia ngudi den trudc, kl ca trudng hgp nudc chay lam anh hudng tdi trdi dat ciia ludi; trudng hgp phat hien mdt dan ca dang di S6 317 Thang 11-2010 VAN HOA NGHE THUAT TROHC UVUt chuyin ngu trudng, ngudi den trudc cd the tha ludi ddn dudng di chuyen ciia dan ca, nhung ngudi den sau phai can cy vao vi trf tha ludi ciia ngudi tha trudc dl tha ludi cua minh mdt each hgp ly Thyc te, hdu nhu mgi ngu dan diu am hiiu va nghiem chinh thyc thi theo luat tyc nen rat ft xay viec tranh gianh khai thac ngudn Igi Thir ba, cac quy dinh ve bao ve ngudn Igi Trudc nhutig nam 60, TK XX, ngudn thuy san d ven bien va cac sdng ngdi, ddng rudng ciia Viet Nam rat phong phii va gia ca thap, khdng van chuyen di xa dugc vi khdng cd phuong tien va ky thuat bao quan, mdi trudng chua bi d nhilm, cac vung sinh thai ngap nudc chua bien ddi, ndn ngudn Igi thiiy san chua xuat hien nguy ca can kiet va van de bao ve ngudn Igi cung chua dugc dat Do dd, viee bao ve ngudn Igi chua dat van dl biic bach ddi vdi ngu dan Ddu vay, thinh thoang, vdn tha'y cd luat tyc tai mdt sd van chai quy dinh khdng dugc sit dung cac phuong phap khai thac lam can kiet ngudn Igi nhu: mdt sd loai thud'e lam ca che't hang loat hoac cac loai ludi cd mdt ludi qua day Dac biet, truyin thd'ng, ngu dan chi khai thac ca theo mua Neu nhu cac eu dan khai thac cac ngudn Igi tren rimg diu tuan thii thdi gian md cira rimg (mua xuan) va ddng cira rutig (cudi ha, ddu thu) thi ngu dan cflng chi tap trung khai thac thiiy hai san khoang thdi gian sau ll cdu ngu (thang gieng) den trudc ll ta ngu (giua mua thu) Ngudi dan tin rdng neu da ddng cira rimg, vao khai thac se gap nguy hiem (bi hd, bao an thit, hoac bi dm dau ma che't) Cdn d bien, da lam ll ta ngu, neu ngu dan vdn khoi thi se bi cd map, ca nham an thit hoac bi cac loai thuy quai lam hai Thyc ra, thdi gian ngudi khdng khai thac cac ngudn Igi la de cho cac loai ddng, thyc vat tren rimg, dudi biln sinh sdi Ne'u nhu trudc nhutig nam 1960, dac biet la trudc nam 1975, sir dyng ngudn Igi thiiy san chi la nhu cdu ciia mdt bd phan nhd ngudi dan dia phuong, thi sau nam 1975, nhu cdu md rdng nhanh ehdng tren toan bd dat nudc va xuat S6 317 Thang 11-2010 khdu Do vay, lye lugng tham gia khai thac cflng gia tang Neu nhu truyen thd'ng chi cd mdt sd cdng ddng ngu dan d cac dia phuong chuydn khai thac thiiy hai san thi vao nhutig thap nien cudi cua TK XX, ngudi ngoai cdng ddng ngu dan da dau tu manh me vao linh vue Thyc tidd lam sinh hai van dl Idn, thy nha't, ft vdn, mdt bd phan ngu dan chi sir dyng eac ngu cy da lac hau va danh bdt gan bd lam cho ngudn Igi can kiet Ben canh dd, mdt bd phan Idn ngu dan da di dan (nha nudc td chiic hoac di dan ty do) deh cac vung dl khai hoang lam ndng nghiep, nhudng ngu trudng cho eac lye lugng mdi den, hoac la di lam thue cho cac chu khai thac mdi TTiy hai, cac chii ddu tu mdi chi chii y khai thac nhdm muc dfch Igi nhuan, hg khdng biet va neu cd biet thi cflng phdt Id luat tuc Thi che xa hdi nham quan ly ngudn Igi cung thay ddi Khdng gian xa hdi cua nghe ca khdng cdn la mdi trudng de cho tap quan phap ve quan ly ngudn Igi thiiy hai san c6 truyin cd thi dl dang tdn tai Bdi the', nhfltig ngudi cd trach nhiem viec xay dyng, bd sung thi che quan ly hien tai nen nghien cuu de hiiu bie't day du hon vl dan vi xa hdi van chai cung nhu vl cdng vide quan ly ngudn Igi thuy hai san nhutig khdng gian hep Tiep thu truyin thd'ng va kinh nghiem ciia ngudi xua, ket hgp vdi viec phan tfch cac mdi quan he ciia xa hdi duong dai, the che hanh chfnh hien thdi nen xay dung quy che' quan ly tren tinh than dua vao cdng ddng, trao quyln day dii cho cac cdng ddng dia phuong de hg cd tu each phap nhan viec quan ly ngudn Igi lau bin • N.D.T Theo Td dien tieng Viet Theo Nguyen Dang Vu, a Quang Ngai hien udc tinh 100 lang; Theo NguySn Xuan Huong, chi rieng Da Nang - Quang Nam hien v5n 50 lang thd ca voi; theo Nguyen Thanh Loi, Khanh Hoa co 50 lang, Binh Thuan co 26 lang (rieng dao Phii Quy co lang), hau he't cac lang deu co ngpc cot ciia ngai ... dan Nam Trung Bd ft gdn vdi xa hdi ndng nghiep nhu d khu vyc Bdc Bd va Nam Bd Vdi tu each la don vi xa hdi CO sd, dugc hinh va phat triln ca mdt qua trinh lau dai, van chai d khu vyc Nam Trung. .. vuc Nam Trung Bd ddng vai trd ndi bat Sd dl ed su khae biet nhu tren, la cac lang danh ca va cac van chai d khu vuc phfa bdc da dugc xac lap ty lau ddi, cdn cac lang danh ca ty khu vyc Nam Trung. .. dinh lang vdn cdn la mdt trung tam cua ddi sd'ng tin ngudng lang xa ciia cac cdng ddng cu dan noi day Van - td chiic xd hgi truyin thdng cua ngU ddn Tai khu vyc Nam Trung Bd, hdu he't ngu dan
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